The Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies developed rapidly in Canada after the birth of world’s first “test tube baby,” Louise Brown, in 1978. Canadian feminists, propelled by the women’s health movement, perceived these technologies as a threat to women’s control over their bodies, the gains made to redefine the identity “woman” against the biological tradition of “mother,” and against the safety and freedom of women based on race, disability and class. In response to the lobby efforts of the women’s movement under the Canadian Coalition for a Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies, the Mulroney government established a commission in 1989 to study the medical, legal, and social implications these technologies would have on Canadian society. Through a qualitative analysis of manuscript and printed sources, this thesis explores the debate surrounding new reproductive technologies (NRTs) before and after the mandate of the Royal Commission (1989 to 1993). It discusses the views and positions of some of the key stakeholders such as the National Action Committee on the Status of Women, the Canadian Medical Association, the DisAbled Women’s Network, as well as adds the voice of infertile women through the Infertility Awareness Association of Canada. This thesis also examines the controversy and discontent created by the Commission’s dismissal of several members, by the management’s style of its Chair, and by the final report’s narrow scope. In the end, the reaction to the report was one of considerable disappointment amongst all major stakeholders, starting with NAC, which claimed that its voice had not been heard. At the same time, the debate over NRTs illustrates NAC’s ongoing internal problems as it faced the challenge of “identity politics.”

The Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies developed rapidly in Canada after the birth of world’s first “test tube baby,” Louise Brown, in 1978. Canadian feminists, propelled by the women’s health movement, perceived these technologies as a threat to women’s control over their bodies, the gains made to redefine the identity “woman” against the biological tradition of “mother,” and against the safety and freedom of women based on race, disability and class. In response to the lobby efforts of the women’s movement under the Canadian Coalition for a Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies, the Mulroney government established a commission in 1989 to study the medical, legal, and social implications these technologies would have on Canadian society. Through a qualitative analysis of manuscript and printed sources, this thesis explores the debate surrounding new reproductive technologies (NRTs) before and after the mandate of the Royal Commission (1989 to 1993). It discusses the views and positions of some of the key stakeholders such as the National Action Committee on the Status of Women, the Canadian Medical Association, the DisAbled Women’s Network, as well as adds the voice of infertile women through the Infertility Awareness Association of Canada. This thesis also examines the controversy and discontent created by the Commission’s dismissal of several members, by the management’s style of its Chair, and by the final report’s narrow scope. In the end, the reaction to the report was one of considerable disappointment amongst all major stakeholders, starting with NAC, which claimed that its voice had not been heard. At the same time, the debate over NRTs illustrates NAC’s ongoing internal problems as it faced the challenge of “identity politics.”

The Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies developed rapidly in Canada after the birth of world’s first “test tube baby,” Louise Brown, in 1978. Canadian feminists, propelled by the women’s health movement, perceived these technologies as a threat to women’s control over their bodies, the gains made to redefine the identity “woman” against the biological tradition of “mother,” and against the safety and freedom of women based on race, disability and class. In response to the lobby efforts of the women’s movement under the Canadian Coalition for a Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies, the Mulroney government established a commission in 1989 to study the medical, legal, and social implications these technologies would have on Canadian society. Through a qualitative analysis of manuscript and printed sources, this thesis explores the debate surrounding new reproductive technologies (NRTs) before and after the mandate of the Royal Commission (1989 to 1993). It discusses the views and positions of some of the key stakeholders such as the National Action Committee on the Status of Women, the Canadian Medical Association, the DisAbled Women’s Network, as well as adds the voice of infertile women through the Infertility Awareness Association of Canada. This thesis also examines the controversy and discontent created by the Commission’s dismissal of several members, by the management’s style of its Chair, and by the final report’s narrow scope. In the end, the reaction to the report was one of considerable disappointment amongst all major stakeholders, starting with NAC, which claimed that its voice had not been heard. At the same time, the debate over NRTs illustrates NAC’s ongoing internal problems as it faced the challenge of “identity politics.”

The Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies developed rapidly in Canada after the birth of world’s first “test tube baby,” Louise Brown, in 1978. Canadian feminists, propelled by the women’s health movement, perceived these technologies as a threat to women’s control over their bodies, the gains made to redefine the identity “woman” against the biological tradition of “mother,” and against the safety and freedom of women based on race, disability and class. In response to the lobby efforts of the women’s movement under the Canadian Coalition for a Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies, the Mulroney government established a commission in 1989 to study the medical, legal, and social implications these technologies would have on Canadian society. Through a qualitative analysis of manuscript and printed sources, this thesis explores the debate surrounding new reproductive technologies (NRTs) before and after the mandate of the Royal Commission (1989 to 1993). It discusses the views and positions of some of the key stakeholders such as the National Action Committee on the Status of Women, the Canadian Medical Association, the DisAbled Women’s Network, as well as adds the voice of infertile women through the Infertility Awareness Association of Canada. This thesis also examines the controversy and discontent created by the Commission’s dismissal of several members, by the management’s style of its Chair, and by the final report’s narrow scope. In the end, the reaction to the report was one of considerable disappointment amongst all major stakeholders, starting with NAC, which claimed that its voice had not been heard. At the same time, the debate over NRTs illustrates NAC’s ongoing internal problems as it faced the challenge of “identity politics.”

A infertilidade é para muitas mulheres geradora de sofrimento psíquico, visto que a reprodução humana condiz com a perpetuação do ser. Tendo como método de estudo a psicanálise, podemos pensar o desejo de filho como sintoma do laço conjugal e, ainda na cultura contemporânea, inscrição de feminilidade para algumas mulheres. Casais inférteis, atualmente, têm a chance de recorrer às Novas Tecnologias de Reprodução Assistida, ao invés de buscar a adoção ou de permanecer sem filhos. Esta pesquisa faz uma discussão acerca das chamadas Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas e estuda os efeitos que a infertilidade tem no psiquismo e na condição subjetiva dos sujeitos de desejo. Busca dissociar a demanda consciente de ter um filho do desejo inconsciente que opera na produção subjetiva, fazendo sintoma. Também, faz questão quanto à diferenciação do desejo de ter um filho ao desejo de maternidade e suas implicações na articulação das pulsões. / To most women, infertility is a generator of psychic suffering, considering that human reproduction aims the perpetuation of the living being. Having Psychoanalysis as a study method, we may see the will of having a child as a conjugal symptom and, still in contemporaneity, femininity enrollment to some females. Nowadays, infertile couples have the chance to appeal to New Assisted Reproduction Technologies instead of adoption or even remaining without descendents. This research discusses the so-called new reproductive technologies and studies the impacts that infertility has in the psychism and in the subjective condition. It pursuits to dissociate the conscious demand of having a child from unawareness, which may operate in the subjective production causing symptoms. Also, it questions the difference of wishing a child, the motherhood will and their implication on the articulation of the drives.

A infertilidade é para muitas mulheres geradora de sofrimento psíquico, visto que a reprodução humana condiz com a perpetuação do ser. Tendo como método de estudo a psicanálise, podemos pensar o desejo de filho como sintoma do laço conjugal e, ainda na cultura contemporânea, inscrição de feminilidade para algumas mulheres. Casais inférteis, atualmente, têm a chance de recorrer às Novas Tecnologias de Reprodução Assistida, ao invés de buscar a adoção ou de permanecer sem filhos. Esta pesquisa faz uma discussão acerca das chamadas Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas e estuda os efeitos que a infertilidade tem no psiquismo e na condição subjetiva dos sujeitos de desejo. Busca dissociar a demanda consciente de ter um filho do desejo inconsciente que opera na produção subjetiva, fazendo sintoma. Também, faz questão quanto à diferenciação do desejo de ter um filho ao desejo de maternidade e suas implicações na articulação das pulsões. / To most women, infertility is a generator of psychic suffering, considering that human reproduction aims the perpetuation of the living being. Having Psychoanalysis as a study method, we may see the will of having a child as a conjugal symptom and, still in contemporaneity, femininity enrollment to some females. Nowadays, infertile couples have the chance to appeal to New Assisted Reproduction Technologies instead of adoption or even remaining without descendents. This research discusses the so-called new reproductive technologies and studies the impacts that infertility has in the psychism and in the subjective condition. It pursuits to dissociate the conscious demand of having a child from unawareness, which may operate in the subjective production causing symptoms. Also, it questions the difference of wishing a child, the motherhood will and their implication on the articulation of the drives.

A infertilidade é para muitas mulheres geradora de sofrimento psíquico, visto que a reprodução humana condiz com a perpetuação do ser. Tendo como método de estudo a psicanálise, podemos pensar o desejo de filho como sintoma do laço conjugal e, ainda na cultura contemporânea, inscrição de feminilidade para algumas mulheres. Casais inférteis, atualmente, têm a chance de recorrer às Novas Tecnologias de Reprodução Assistida, ao invés de buscar a adoção ou de permanecer sem filhos. Esta pesquisa faz uma discussão acerca das chamadas Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas e estuda os efeitos que a infertilidade tem no psiquismo e na condição subjetiva dos sujeitos de desejo. Busca dissociar a demanda consciente de ter um filho do desejo inconsciente que opera na produção subjetiva, fazendo sintoma. Também, faz questão quanto à diferenciação do desejo de ter um filho ao desejo de maternidade e suas implicações na articulação das pulsões. / To most women, infertility is a generator of psychic suffering, considering that human reproduction aims the perpetuation of the living being. Having Psychoanalysis as a study method, we may see the will of having a child as a conjugal symptom and, still in contemporaneity, femininity enrollment to some females. Nowadays, infertile couples have the chance to appeal to New Assisted Reproduction Technologies instead of adoption or even remaining without descendents. This research discusses the so-called new reproductive technologies and studies the impacts that infertility has in the psychism and in the subjective condition. It pursuits to dissociate the conscious demand of having a child from unawareness, which may operate in the subjective production causing symptoms. Also, it questions the difference of wishing a child, the motherhood will and their implication on the articulation of the drives.

Apesar de a reprodução assistida possibilitar transformações importantes na parentalidade e nas relações familiares, suas tecnologias têm sido mais frequentemente usadas para reiterar o modelo tradicional de reprodução biológica e social. Este estudo qualitativo, de cunho exploratório, analisou quais normas estariam presentes nas práticas de saúde relativas à dificuldade de engravidar e o que poderia ser revelado a partir destas práticas. Foram observadas interações entre profissionais e pacientes atendidos em um serviço público de reprodução humana no Rio de Janeiro. A discussão dos diagnósticos de infertilidade e de risco, duas importantes estratégias biopolíticas usadas como critério de elegibilidade para o acesso às novas tecnologias reprodutivas, revelou como algumas práticas de saúde reiteram normas de gênero e de reprodução social. Atrelados à condição socioeconômica de seus usuários, estes diagnósticos tendem a agravar exclusões e desigualdades no exercício dos direitos reprodutivos no país. A análise da atenção médica possibilitou conhecer em parte o difícil cotidiano não apenas de homens e mulheres, que por anos persistem em seus desejos por filhos, mas também de profissionais que enfrentam antigas barreiras políticas, econômicas e burocráticas do serviço público de saúde. Este estudo corrobora a visão de que o serviço representa um avanço em termos de direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, apesar de ainda ser longo o caminho para o acesso igualitário e equânime às tecnologias reprodutivas pelo sistema único de saúde brasileiro (SUS). / Despite assisted reproduction enable important transformations on kinship and family relationships, their technologies have been most frequently used to reiterate the traditional model of biological and social reproduction. This qualitative and exploratory study analyzed which norms would be present on health practices related to reproduction difficulties and what would be revealed by these practices. There were observed interactions between professionals and patients attended on a human reproduction public service of Rio de Janeiro. The discussion of infertility and risk diagnoses, two important biopolitical strategies used as eligibility criteria of access to new reproduction technologies, revealed how some health practices reiterate gender and social reproductions regulations. Associated to socioeconomic condition of their users, these diagnoses tend to exacerbate the exclusions and the inequalities on reproduction rights in Brazil. The analysis of medical attention made possible knowing not only part of mens and womens everyday difficulties, who persist in their desires for children for years, but also of professionals that have to face old political, economic and bureaucratic barriers of public health services. This study corroborate the opinion that the observed service represents an advance in sexual and reproductive rights, in spite of the still long way to equally and equitable access to reproductive technologies in Brazilian public health system (SUS).

Apesar de a reprodução assistida possibilitar transformações importantes na parentalidade e nas relações familiares, suas tecnologias têm sido mais frequentemente usadas para reiterar o modelo tradicional de reprodução biológica e social. Este estudo qualitativo, de cunho exploratório, analisou quais normas estariam presentes nas práticas de saúde relativas à dificuldade de engravidar e o que poderia ser revelado a partir destas práticas. Foram observadas interações entre profissionais e pacientes atendidos em um serviço público de reprodução humana no Rio de Janeiro. A discussão dos diagnósticos de infertilidade e de risco, duas importantes estratégias biopolíticas usadas como critério de elegibilidade para o acesso às novas tecnologias reprodutivas, revelou como algumas práticas de saúde reiteram normas de gênero e de reprodução social. Atrelados à condição socioeconômica de seus usuários, estes diagnósticos tendem a agravar exclusões e desigualdades no exercício dos direitos reprodutivos no país. A análise da atenção médica possibilitou conhecer em parte o difícil cotidiano não apenas de homens e mulheres, que por anos persistem em seus desejos por filhos, mas também de profissionais que enfrentam antigas barreiras políticas, econômicas e burocráticas do serviço público de saúde. Este estudo corrobora a visão de que o serviço representa um avanço em termos de direitos sexuais e reprodutivos, apesar de ainda ser longo o caminho para o acesso igualitário e equânime às tecnologias reprodutivas pelo sistema único de saúde brasileiro (SUS). / Despite assisted reproduction enable important transformations on kinship and family relationships, their technologies have been most frequently used to reiterate the traditional model of biological and social reproduction. This qualitative and exploratory study analyzed which norms would be present on health practices related to reproduction difficulties and what would be revealed by these practices. There were observed interactions between professionals and patients attended on a human reproduction public service of Rio de Janeiro. The discussion of infertility and risk diagnoses, two important biopolitical strategies used as eligibility criteria of access to new reproduction technologies, revealed how some health practices reiterate gender and social reproductions regulations. Associated to socioeconomic condition of their users, these diagnoses tend to exacerbate the exclusions and the inequalities on reproduction rights in Brazil. The analysis of medical attention made possible knowing not only part of mens and womens everyday difficulties, who persist in their desires for children for years, but also of professionals that have to face old political, economic and bureaucratic barriers of public health services. This study corroborate the opinion that the observed service represents an advance in sexual and reproductive rights, in spite of the still long way to equally and equitable access to reproductive technologies in Brazilian public health system (SUS).

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-02-05T13:55:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 622326 bytes, checksum: 47560a83c23643aee4dfebdfb60e6978 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-05T13:55:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 622326 bytes, checksum: 47560a83c23643aee4dfebdfb60e6978 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This paper discusses about the Therapeutic Itineraries and New Reproductive Technologies conceptive . In this sense, we intend to understand how low-income couples are having access to technical and medical procedures that allow couples somehow unable to have their children. This work aims to understand the therapeutic itineraries that are traversed by couples wishing to have children , that is , the paths taken by women in pursuit of biomedicine to overcome the difficulties in having children . The research was conducted at University Hospital Lauro Wanderley ( HULW ) in João Pessoa ( PB ) through semi-structured interviews applied to women who are seeking family planning services because they can not get pregnant . Research has shown us some interesting points , such as : most women have several difficulties to access the services of HULW . The analysis of therapeutic itineraries of these women revealed that the search for a child is part of the “social pressure " to have children and , further , that the desire for children is a social desire, which was socially constructed , and that women will submit to medicalization to account for the realization of this desire . Or, some of these women said it was not only their dreams , but their husband's dream. It is noteworthy that although the State says that there is a family planning we realized that there is a plan , but that this planning is only focused on the female's body and health, considering that such plan does not include man 's human boby and health . / Este trabalho pretende discutir acerca dos Itinerários Terapêuticos e as Novas Tecnologias Reprodutivas conceptivas. Neste sentido, pretende-se entender como casais de baixa renda vêm tendo o acesso às técnicas e procedimentos médicos que permitem que casais impossibilitados de alguma maneira de ter filhos venham a tê-los. Tem como objetivo entender quais os itinerários terapêuticos que são percorridos pelos casais que desejam ter filhos, ou seja, os caminhos percorridos por mulheres na busca pela biomedicina para contornar as dificuldades para ter filhos. A pesquisa foi realizada no Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley (HULW), em João Pessoa (PB) por meio de entrevista semiestruturada aplicadas nas mulheres que estão buscando serviço de Planejamento Familiar porque não conseguem engravidar. A pesquisa nos mostrou alguns pontos interessantes, tais como: a maioria das mulheres encontram dificuldades diversas para acessar os serviços do HULW.A análise dos itinerários terapêuticos dessas mulheres revelou que a busca por um filho faz parte da “pressão social” para ter filhos e, mais ainda, que o desejo por filhos é um desejo social, que foi construído socialmente, e que as mulheres vão se submeter à medicalização para dar conta da realização deste desejo. Ou ainda, algumas dessas mulheres afirmaram que este era não só um sonho dela, mas do marido.Vale ressaltar que embora o Estado diga que há um planejamento familiar, percebemos que há sim um planejamento, mas que é centrado apenas no corpo da mulher, tendo em vista que tal planejamento não abarca a saúde do homem.