One in three Americans, an estimated 83.6 million adults, suffers from sleep deprivation getting less than the recommended seven hours of minimum nightly sleep. Sleep deprivation can lead to increased risk for obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, stroke, mental distress, coronary heart disease and early death. 1 A prescribed work day and pressure to meet deadlines lead to impaired sleep quality and duration. As the rate of sleep deprivation increases sleep patterns should be reconsidered. Before the 20th century, the light-dark cycle of the earth's rotation dictated daily activity patterns. Modern technology increased the availability of electricity. Light-dark cycles became individually controlled and people gained the ability to stay awake through the night. Social pressures and the rise of technology further contribute to an overall decrease in sleep. The pressure to meet deadlines, participate in social activities and more have led people to impair sleep quality and duration. Operation on individual schedules often results in people cutting back on sleep if they lack flexibility. Innovations in technology advance workplace trends that promote remote communications and flexible schedules, increasing productivity and employee well-being. These trends require an architectural response centered on the needs of the occupants. Through the use of technology and design the everyday work-live environment adjusts to incorporate and encourage sleep based on internal rhythms. This thesis explores how an office building can transform to enable fluidity of activities according to individual 24 hour cycles to create a productive workplace. / 0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

The negative physical effects of night shift work are well understood. Research into psychological problems associated with night shift work, however, is sparse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in psychological symptom patterns between day and night shift workers. Data were obtained on 121 undergraduate volunteers. The sample consisted of 39 male and 82 female volunteers between the ages of 18 and 58 years. All participants were organized into two shift types: Day and Night. Day (n = 65) was classified as working hours primarily in the daytime (7 AM – 5PM). Night (n = 56) was classified as working hours primarily in the nighttime (6 PM – 6 AM). A two-way between-subjects MANOVA was used to assess the influence of gender and shift on the nine SCL-90-R subscale T-scores. The gender main effect was not significant, F(9, 109) = .668, p = .736. No significant difference in SCL-90-R subscale scores as a function of shift was observed, F(9, 109) = 1.141, p = .34. The gender x shift interaction was not significant, F(9, 109) = 1.308, p = .241. Results showed no significant difference between day and night shift worker distress levels. Further research into this topic is recommended.

Night shift or non-standard work continues to grow throughout the economy (Beers, 2000). Women's roles in society are changing as they find themselves having to join the work force due to economic need. South African women most of whom are mothers are no exception in this regard. Many of these mothers are obliged to do night shift work. Sectors like manufacturing and public-oriented industries often use shift work to ensure efficient continuous operation and uninterrupted response to the needs of society. This article aims to explore the role that night shift work plays in the relationships between mothers and their adolescent children; whether the mutual perceptions of night shift working mothers and their adolescent children regarding their relationships differ from those of non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children; and whether there is a difference between the night shift working group and the non-shift working group with regard to the perceptions of their relationships. Lastly, the article aims to determine the reliability of the measuring instrument that was used in this study, namely the Parent-Adolescent-Relationship-Questionnaire (PARQ). Available literature shows that shift work has a negative impact on health, for example stress-related illnesses due to lack of sleep (Akerstedt, 1998, 2003; Fletcher & Dawson, 1997, 2001; Presser, 2005). Family life is also affected and relationship difficulties have been reported (Chang, Wang, & Liu, 1993; Holland, 2004; Grosswald, 2003, 2004; Presser, 1995, 2000, 2003, 2005), while shift work is seen as a threat to family cohesion. Adolescence is a critical developmental stage and mothers have an important role to enhance healthy adolescent development in terms of issues like self-identity and autonomy. The mother's unusual working hours can have a negative impact on the mother-adolescent relationship. A cross-sectional design was used in this study. There were two groups: 35 night shift working mothers and their adolescent children, and 35 non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children. Participants were requested to complete a PARQ questionnaire. Data was analysed by means of SAS and SPSS programmes. Descriptive statistic methods such as central tendency, mean and median, variability, range and standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis were used to explore data. Independent and dependent t-tests were used to determine differences between the mean scores of the night shift working and non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children. The effect size was used to provide an objective measure of a practical effect. The findings indicate that PARQ is a reliable measure for this study as it showed good internal consistency. The skewness and kurtosis indicate acceptable normality. Adolescent children of non-shift working mothers perceive communication with their mothers as more efficient than adolescent children of night shift working mothers, and there is an indication of a significant practical effect. Adolescent children of non-shift working mothers have a more positive perception of the Mothers' Problem Solving than adolescent children of night shift working mothers, with indications of a significant practical effect between the two groups. There is no statistically significant difference between and no significant practical effect in any of the variables concerning the two groups of mothers, as reflected in Table 4. However, Table 5 shows a difference between the perceptions of the two groups of adolescents. There is a statistically significant difference between Cohesion for non-shift working mothers and for their adolescent children, with an indication of a significant practical effect. Tables 5 and 6 show a statistically significant difference between Conventionalisation of the two groups, with an indication of a significant practical effect. Both night shift working and non-shift working mothers have a more positive perception of Conventionalisation than their adolescent children. Findings also indicate a statistically significant difference in Global Distress between night shift working mothers and their adolescent children, with an indication of a significant practical effect. Night shift working mothers experience higher levels of Global Distress than their adolescent children. For both groups -night shift working mothers and their adolescent children; and non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children there is a statistically significant difference between the mothers' and the adolescents' perception of Ruination. This study has several limitations and it is recommended that future studies use a larger sample size and include longitudinal studies. Future research should also explore the construct of the night shift working mother's parenting style and their coping strategies. Father-adolescent relationships should also be a research focus. In some families in both groups, the study created a platform for dialogue between adolescents and their mothers. / Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

Night shift or non-standard work continues to grow throughout the economy (Beers, 2000). Women's roles in society are changing as they find themselves having to join the work force due to economic need. South African women most of whom are mothers are no exception in this regard. Many of these mothers are obliged to do night shift work. Sectors like manufacturing and public-oriented industries often use shift work to ensure efficient continuous operation and uninterrupted response to the needs of society. This article aims to explore the role that night shift work plays in the relationships between mothers and their adolescent children; whether the mutual perceptions of night shift working mothers and their adolescent children regarding their relationships differ from those of non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children; and whether there is a difference between the night shift working group and the non-shift working group with regard to the perceptions of their relationships. Lastly, the article aims to determine the reliability of the measuring instrument that was used in this study, namely the Parent-Adolescent-Relationship-Questionnaire (PARQ). Available literature shows that shift work has a negative impact on health, for example stress-related illnesses due to lack of sleep (Akerstedt, 1998, 2003; Fletcher & Dawson, 1997, 2001; Presser, 2005). Family life is also affected and relationship difficulties have been reported (Chang, Wang, & Liu, 1993; Holland, 2004; Grosswald, 2003, 2004; Presser, 1995, 2000, 2003, 2005), while shift work is seen as a threat to family cohesion. Adolescence is a critical developmental stage and mothers have an important role to enhance healthy adolescent development in terms of issues like self-identity and autonomy. The mother's unusual working hours can have a negative impact on the mother-adolescent relationship. A cross-sectional design was used in this study. There were two groups: 35 night shift working mothers and their adolescent children, and 35 non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children. Participants were requested to complete a PARQ questionnaire. Data was analysed by means of SAS and SPSS programmes. Descriptive statistic methods such as central tendency, mean and median, variability, range and standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis were used to explore data. Independent and dependent t-tests were used to determine differences between the mean scores of the night shift working and non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children. The effect size was used to provide an objective measure of a practical effect. The findings indicate that PARQ is a reliable measure for this study as it showed good internal consistency. The skewness and kurtosis indicate acceptable normality. Adolescent children of non-shift working mothers perceive communication with their mothers as more efficient than adolescent children of night shift working mothers, and there is an indication of a significant practical effect. Adolescent children of non-shift working mothers have a more positive perception of the Mothers' Problem Solving than adolescent children of night shift working mothers, with indications of a significant practical effect between the two groups. There is no statistically significant difference between and no significant practical effect in any of the variables concerning the two groups of mothers, as reflected in Table 4. However, Table 5 shows a difference between the perceptions of the two groups of adolescents. There is a statistically significant difference between Cohesion for non-shift working mothers and for their adolescent children, with an indication of a significant practical effect. Tables 5 and 6 show a statistically significant difference between Conventionalisation of the two groups, with an indication of a significant practical effect. Both night shift working and non-shift working mothers have a more positive perception of Conventionalisation than their adolescent children. Findings also indicate a statistically significant difference in Global Distress between night shift working mothers and their adolescent children, with an indication of a significant practical effect. Night shift working mothers experience higher levels of Global Distress than their adolescent children. For both groups -night shift working mothers and their adolescent children; and non-shift working mothers and their adolescent children there is a statistically significant difference between the mothers' and the adolescents' perception of Ruination. This study has several limitations and it is recommended that future studies use a larger sample size and include longitudinal studies. Future research should also explore the construct of the night shift working mother's parenting style and their coping strategies. Father-adolescent relationships should also be a research focus. In some families in both groups, the study created a platform for dialogue between adolescents and their mothers. / Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

The research problem is the increasing numbers of overweight and obese nurses working the night shift. Study on overweight and obesity among female Filipino nurses has not been conducted. It was important to conduct a research study among female Filipino nurses to find out if there are statistically significant associations between night shift work and weight gain. The purpose of this correlational and cross-sectional study was to determine if there are statistically significant associations between insufficient sleep, abnormal eating patterns, working 12-hour shifts, years of working night shift, age, stress, marital status, nursing units, decreased physical activity, and level of weight gain among female Filipino nurses working the night shift in the hospital. The theoretical base of this study was the locate evidence, evaluate evidence, assess evidence, and informed decision model. The survey questionnaire was constructed and an online survey through Survey Monkey was used to access nurses via a convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation, multiple regression, and ANOVA. According to study findings, there were significant associations between insufficient sleep, abnormal eating patterns, marital status, 12-hour shifts, number of years working on night shift, and increased in body mass index. The implications for social change include information that nurses can use to better understand the negative implications of night shift work on health. At the organizational level, this study provides information for administrators and nursing leaders that might facilitate change in policies by improving working conditions for nurses.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-11-23T17:13:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Beloní Gabe Leal_.pdf: 2118279 bytes, checksum: 946f5888dcf7ac8a1ed76613ae36b86b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-23T17:13:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Beloní Gabe Leal_.pdf: 2118279 bytes, checksum: 946f5888dcf7ac8a1ed76613ae36b86b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-30 / Nenhuma / Este estudo aborda as representações sociais (RS) de saúde e doença na perspectiva dos profissionais de enfermagem que trabalham no turno da noite. As RS refletem o modo como indivíduos, grupos e sujeitos sociais constroem seu conhecimento a partir de sua inscrição social e cultural. O objetivo foi elaborar ações de educação em saúde, para os profissionais de enfermagem do turno da noite, a partir de suas representações sociais de saúde e doença, relacionadas ao trabalho noturno. O estudo foi realizado à luz das RS, com base na teoria do núcleo central. O campo de estudo foi uma instituição hospitalar da rede privada, localizada em Porto Alegre/RS. Participaram 100 profissionais de enfermagem que exercem atividades no turno da noite. A coleta deu-se por meio de questionário com questões estímulos. Para a análise das evocações, utilizou-se o software Ensemble de Programmes Permettant l’Analyse des Evocations. Seguiu-se a Resolução nº. 466/2012. As RS dos profissionais de enfermagem do noturno acerca do pré-plantão foram constituídas por atributos que representam a necessidade de organização prévia, bem antes de iniciar a jornada de trabalho. Também evocaram o esforço para superar o cansaço e a sonolência, exigindo um ritmo de alerta e maior concentração no trabalho. No pós-plantão emergiram evocações relacionadas ao cansaço, ao sono e à necessidade de descanso, representando a longa jornada de trabalho noturno com 12 horas consecutivas. As RS do plantão noturno, relacionadas à saúde foram constituídas por vocábulos como alimentação, dores, insônia, obesidade, sedentarismo e sono, que indicam o plantão noturno como espaço de “não saúde”. As RS relacionadas à doença foram constituídas pelas evocações: dores, ansiedade, depressão, insônia, hipertensão, obesidade e varizes. Esse mesmo grupo evoca vocábulos que representam a preocupação em prevenir essas doenças ou outras e suas causas. As RS do plantão noturno relacionadas à vida social e familiar foram constituídas por evocações que determinaram a falta de tempo, a ausência e a saudade, apontando que o trabalho à noite pode dificultar as relações sociais e familiares, com desencontros, ausências em comemorações e em momentos de lazer junto com a família. As RS dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca do pré e pós-plantão noturno relacionadas à sua saúde, à doença e à sua vida social guiaram e respaldaram a proposta de intervenção deste estudo, pautada nos princípios de educação em saúde e de promoção da saúde. Ações de educação em saúde foram constituídas em três dimensões do cuidado: elaboradas para os profissionais de enfermagem, para a gestão assistencial e para a instituição. Considera-se que o conjunto de ações de educação em saúde pode contribuir para a qualificação das condições do trabalho noturno dos profissionais de enfermagem. / This essay will discuss the social representations (SR) of health and illness on the perspective of nurses that work on the night shift. The SR reflect the way individuals, groups and social personas make up their knowledgement by taking as reference their own social and cultural contexts. The objective of this essay was to create actions on health education for nurses that work in the night shift, taking as a starting point their social representations on night shift work schedule.The study was focused on SR and based on the central nucleus theory. A private hospital located in Porto Alegre/RS was used as field of study. One hundred nurse professionals from the night shift took part of the study. A questionnaire containing stimulus questions was used for data collection. The software Ensemble de Programmes Permettant l’Analyse des Evocations was used to analyse the evoked words. The essay was done in conformity with the Resolution 446/2012. Night shift nurses’ SR concerning the moment before their duties were constituted by attributes that represent their necessity of previous organization. The effort to keep themselves awake and rested was evoked as well, once their shift requires them to be much more aware and concentrated on their tasks than those of the morning shift. The participants also claimed about being tired, sleepy and needed of resting on the post shift period, reflections of their working journey of 12 hours in a roll. The night shift SR related to health were composed by words such as: food, pain, insomnia, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and sleepiness – what points the night shift as a non healthy environment. The SR related to illness were composed by the words: pain, anxiety, depression, insomnia, hypertension, obesity and varicose veins. This same group evokes words that represent their worrying on preventing those illness or similar ones and its causes. The SR related to their personal lives were composed by evocations such as lack of time, absence and longing, what points the night shift as an obstacle for the maintenance of social and parental relationships, once night shift workers can’t always be present on family’s parties and friends hangouts. The SR related to the period before and after the night shift, to workers’ health, to illness and to workers’ personal lives, guided and endorsed this study’s intervention proposal, based on health education and health promotion principles. Health education actions were composed based on three caring dimensions: towards the nurses, towards the care management and towards the institution. A series of actions of health education can contribute for the better qualification of night shift workers environment.

No description available.

<p>En stor del av personalen inom Hälso- och Sjukvården har sin arbetstid förlagd till natten. Vi vet idag att det är mycket ogynnsamt att arbeta nattetid och att det höjer risken att utveckla flera sjukdomar. Nattarbete och roterande skiftarbete stör och påverkar den naturliga dygnsrytmen i kroppen. Kan vi hjälpa kroppen att anpassa sig bättre till nattskiftsarbete med hjälp av ljusterapins effekter? Ljusterapi är, vad vi känner till idag, en säker behandling med få eller inga biverkningar. Den är lätt att administrera, relativt billigt och flexibel att utföra. Det optimala verkar vara, enligt vår nuvarande kunskap, att få ljusterapibehandling intermittent under nattpasset, kombinera detta med att använda sig av mörka solglasögon när man tar sig hem samt sedan att lägga sig att sova så snart som möjligt efter hemkomsten i ett mörkt rum. Ljusterapi hjälper speciellt inför längre perioder av nattpass men har också en mycket god effekt på att återställa den inre klockan till dag-dygnsrytm igen efter avslutad nattperiod. Ljusterapibehandling visar sig hjälpa även mot problem med ett förtidigt uppvaknande, som är ett vanligt fenomen vid nattarbete, och effekten av behandlingen kan kvarstå i upp till en månad. Den positiva höjningen av funktionsnivån som även inträffar kan också kvarstå så länge.</p>

En stor del av personalen inom Hälso- och Sjukvården har sin arbetstid förlagd till natten. Vi vet idag att det är mycket ogynnsamt att arbeta nattetid och att det höjer risken att utveckla flera sjukdomar. Nattarbete och roterande skiftarbete stör och påverkar den naturliga dygnsrytmen i kroppen. Kan vi hjälpa kroppen att anpassa sig bättre till nattskiftsarbete med hjälp av ljusterapins effekter? Ljusterapi är, vad vi känner till idag, en säker behandling med få eller inga biverkningar. Den är lätt att administrera, relativt billigt och flexibel att utföra. Det optimala verkar vara, enligt vår nuvarande kunskap, att få ljusterapibehandling intermittent under nattpasset, kombinera detta med att använda sig av mörka solglasögon när man tar sig hem samt sedan att lägga sig att sova så snart som möjligt efter hemkomsten i ett mörkt rum. Ljusterapi hjälper speciellt inför längre perioder av nattpass men har också en mycket god effekt på att återställa den inre klockan till dag-dygnsrytm igen efter avslutad nattperiod. Ljusterapibehandling visar sig hjälpa även mot problem med ett förtidigt uppvaknande, som är ett vanligt fenomen vid nattarbete, och effekten av behandlingen kan kvarstå i upp till en månad. Den positiva höjningen av funktionsnivån som även inträffar kan också kvarstå så länge.

Operationssjukvård krävs under natten för att säkerställa vården och hjälpa patienter inom rimlig tid.  Operationssjuksköterskan i operationsteamet arbetar tillsammans med opererande läkare med det kirurgiska tillvägagångssättet, samt ansvarar för patientens perioperativa vård. Syftet med denna intervjustudie var att belysa operationssjuksköterskornas upplevelser av att arbeta nattskift på en operationsavdelning. Halvstrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sex operationssjuksköterskor på ett medelstort sjukhus i Sverige, och efter en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av materialet framkom sex kategorier; Nattens ryggrad – teamarbetet, Natten – vårdandets tid, På Natten – alltid redo, Natten blir till dag, Natten – tidens tand samt Nattens charm. Studiens resultat speglade operationssjuksköterskornas upplevelser av att teamarbetet utgjorde grunden för ett patientsäkert arbete under nattskiftet samt att operationssjuksköterskorna fick en förbättrad möjlighet att fokusera på omvårdnaden och kommunikationen med patienten under natten. Det krävdes även konstant handlingsberedskap inför oväntade situationer, och arbetet under natten var under förändring då fler av dagskiftets operationer sköts över till natten. Operationssjuksköterskorna upplevde även att arbetet under natten blev svårare då de blev äldre, men att arbetet under nattskift ändå upplevdes som roligare än dagskiftet. Således kunde det tolkas att nattskiftet hade en inverkan på operationssjuksköterskornas arbete, då arbetet kunde vara fysiskt och psykiskt ansträngande vilket även kunde ha en inverkan på patientsäkerheten. Nattskiftets speciella karaktär och med ett närmare teamarbete resulterande ändå i att arbetet utfördes med kvalitet samt att operationssjuksköterskorna upplevde arbetet som roligare, vilket fick dem att välja att fortsätta arbeta nattskift.