Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:54:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JociaraAN_DISSERT.pdf: 1895191 bytes, checksum: dbcf62f6afa82ae98eef54e8d4e6cf1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This paper discusses the experiences related to the treatment of children?s cancer which had children, their mothers and families as their main characters. They were mainly originated from areas in the countryside and urban poor areas in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The non-governmental organization Grupo de Apoio ? Crian?a com C?ncer (GACC) was the privileged ethnographic location. In this setting, the mother, which was called acompanhante (companion), and the children, defined as pacientes (patients), were often sheltered in reason of therapeutic practices and the treatment undertaken by children in a nearby hospital. This study aims to focus on the therapeutic itinerary, beyond the children?s suffering, dealing with the family as a whole, since the moral values from these popular families imply the complete involvement of the family in relation to the illness and its treatment. Therefore, it is experienced as a family problem. We also intend to understand the construction of meanings to the illness, dealing with the ideological continuity in the relationships between the families and the GACC. These meanings were built in the intersection of these two spheres, which refer particularly to medical, religious and emotional explanations. Ethnographic methods were applied in this research at the entity and another social contexts, such as the family households. I also tried to retrieve the process of treatment outside the GACC, visiting the family context, when doing dense interviews or just having conversations with informants. It was found that the GACC, as a non-governmental organization, generates a negotiation of identities, which develops, then, through the family as a whole, but also through the child and especially the mother, affecting, in some way, their internal organization. Furthermore, the meanings of the experience of illness appeared to be shaped by the family sphere as well as by the logic of public health structures / Este trabalho aborda experi?ncias ligadas ao tratamento do c?ncer infantil vividas por crian?as, m?es e fam?lias das classes populares urbanas e do interior do Rio Grande do Norte, tendo como loca??o etnogr?fica o Grupo de Apoio ? Crian?a com C?ncer (GACC) do RN. No GACC, tanto a m?e, definida como acompanhante, como a crian?a, classificada como paciente, ficam abrigadas mais comumente em raz?o das pr?ticas terap?uticas e de tratamento pelas quais passam as crian?as. O objetivo desse estudo ? focar o itiner?rio terap?utico, para al?m da crian?a que sofre a enfermidade, na fam?lia como um todo, pois o universo moral do tipo de fam?lia em quest?o implica o envolvimento de todo o n?cleo parental no tratamento da mol?stia da crian?a, que ?, por isso, vivenciada como uma quest?o familiar. Pretendemos tamb?m entender a constru??o de sentidos para a doen?a, tratando das rela??es de continuidade ideol?gica entre as fam?lias e o GACC, pois eles constroem-se no entrecruzamento de ambas as esferas, que recorrem, cada uma de modo particular, ?s explica??es m?dicas, religiosas e emocionais. Foi aplicado o m?todo etnogr?fico na pesquisa feita na entidade e em outros contextos, tais como as resid?ncias familiares. Atrav?s de entrevistas densas e conversas com informantes, tamb?m tentamos resgatar o processo do tratamento fora do GACC, alcan?ando o contexto familiar. Constatou-se que a entidade gera uma negocia??o de identidades, que perpassa, ent?o, a fam?lia como um todo atrav?s da crian?a e, sobretudo, da m?e, afetando, de algum modo, a sua organiza??o interna. Al?m disso, os sentidos para a experi?ncia da enfermidade apareceram moldados tanto pela esfera familiar como pela l?gica das estruturas p?blicas de sa?de

This thesis deals with the topic of civic participation in society and how participation this society develops and influences. The theoretical part is concerned with explaining the concepts, history and general knowledge that are related to participation. The grip and exploration of the region is described in the work from European, republic, district and consequently the regional context. The thesis is focused on the region Litoměřice, which is described in aspect of participation in detail. In the practical part of the thesis is the Litoměřice region studied by questionnaire survey. There are questions set and answered. With these issues is expressed effort to find out whether the value of gender, age and education tend to influence the participation rate among residents in the Litoměřice region. The detected data are processed and evaluated as a basis for presenting the conclusions.

Magistrantūros studijų baigiamasis darbas, 48 puslapių, 11 paveikslai, 12 lentelės, 38 literatūros šaltiniai, 4 priedai, lietuvių kalba. Tyrimo objektas – NVO ryšiai su visuomene. Tyrimo tikslas – pagrįsti nevyriausybinių organizacijų ryšių su visuomene organizavimo modelį. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) Išnagrinėti ryšių su visuomene teorinius dėsningumus. 2) Ištirti ir įvertinti ryšių su visuomene organizavimo būklę vietos veiklos grupėje „Lamatos žemė“ ir Lietuvos kaimo turizmo asociacijoje. 3) Identifikuoti NVO ryšių su visuomene organizavimo principus ir priemones bei aprašyti jų ypatumus. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizės, anketinės apklausos, dokumentų analizės ir sintezės, loginės analizės, indukcijos ir dedukcijos, palyginimo ir grafinio modeliavimo metodai. Tyrimo rezultatai: • pirmojoje darbo dalyje, nagrinėjama užsienio bei Lietuvos autorių mokslinė literatūra, padedanti atskleisti ryšių su visuomene sampratą, prasmę bei funkcijas nevyriausybinėse organizacijose; • antrojoje darbo dalyje atliktas vietos veiklos grupės „Lamatos žemė“ ir Lietuvos kaimo turizmo asociacijos ryšių su visuomene veiklos organizavimo empirinis tyrimas išanalizuotos taikomos priemonės; • trečiojoje darbo dalyje pateiktas nevyriausybinių organizacijų ryšių su visuomene organizavimo modelis, apibrėžti pagrindiniai principai; Darbe daromos išvados, kad nevyriausybinėse organizacijose ryšių su visuomene funkcija yra tik viena iš įvaizdžio formavimo funkcijų, ne dažnai yra horizontali... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Final work of University Postgraduate Studies, 48 pages, 11 figures, 12 tables, 38 references, 4 appendixes, in the Lithuanian language. Research object – public relations in non-govermental organizations. Research aim – to provide the model for organization of public relations in non-govermental organization. Objectives of the research: • to analyze consistent pattern of public relations; • to analyze and evaluate the state of public relations organization in Local action group „Lamatos žemė“ and association of rural turism in Lithuania; • to identify the principles and tools of public relations in the non-govermental organization and to discribe their characteristics. Methods of research – analysis and synthesis of scientific literature and documents, induction and deduction, questionnaire, logical analysis, comparative and graphical representation methods. Research results: • The first part analyzes scientific literature by foreign and Lithuanian authors, that helps to disclose conception, meaning and functions of public relations in non-govermental organizations. • The second part conducts an empirical investigation of public relations practice in Local action group „Lamatos žemė“ and association of rural turism in Lithuania, analyses the applied measures. • The third part presents the model of public relations organization in non-govermental organizations and defines the basic principles. In conclusion, the function of public relations is one of image formation... [to full text]

The aim of this study is to analyze the concept of antiracism and explore what characterizes the kind of antiracism that the empirical examples presented in this study represent. The empirical examples are instances of what I call antiracist actors. They are rooted in civil society, but also have strong connections with the government through government funding. The empirical data has been gathered through both qualitative and quantitative methods, mainly in the form of a survey and interviews. In order to explore the antiracist actors I have focused on three themes: (1) the shapes and forms of racism, (2) antiracism as a phenomenon, and (3) antiracism as a social arena. Through these themes I have gathered information about how the antiracist actors interpret their activities and the context in which they are working. On the subject of the shapes and forms of racism, I establish that racism is a concept that is hard to define. The antiracist actors lack a common language regarding racism, which affects the antiracist rhetoric. Regarding antiracism as a phenomenon, I conclude that the antiracist strategies mainly consist of three components: (1) knowledge is used as a strategic instrument internally to strengthen the volunteers, (2) knowledge is spread externally to increase awareness of racism, and (3) the antiracist actors deconstruct racist beliefs when opposing racist opinions. Finally, I research antiracism as a social arena and study civil society and theories about social movements in order to explore organizational aspects of the antiracist actors. Using Alberto Meluccis’ social movement theories, there is some evidence to support the thesis that the antiracist actors could be defined as part of an antiracist movement. However, overall there are stronger arguments to suggest the opposite, mainly since the antiracist actors are not in opposition to one or more adversaries. Instead they work with target groups, sometimes targeting the general public, sometimes specific groups like children in a certain school. The main conclusion from my study in this respect is that the antiracist actors are part of what I call association-driven antiracism. The associationdriven antiracism is characterized by non-violent methods and the antiracist actors do not focus on racist adversaries, instead they work with target groups trying to influence them in an antiracist way. The association-driven antiracism secures its continuity through networks, since many activities are project-based and only last for a limited period of time. Also, the antiracist actors are not representatives of particular political parties, instead they gather around the question at hand, antiracism. The antiracist actors within the association-driven antiracism are in close collaboration with the government and partly finance their activities with government funding. This collaboration can be explained as a positive steering process, the rulers (the government) and those who are ruled (the antiracist actors) agree on an antiracist ideology and work in the same direction.

<p><em>The aim of this study is to analyze the concept of antiracism and explore what characterizes the kind of antiracism that the empirical examples presented in this study represent.</em> The empirical examples are instances of what I call antiracist actors. They are rooted in civil society, but also have strong connections with the government through government funding. The empirical data has been gathered through both qualitative and quantitative methods, mainly in the form of a survey and interviews. In order to explore the antiracist actors I have focused on three themes: (1) the shapes and forms of racism, (2) antiracism as a phenomenon, and (3) antiracism as a social arena. Through these themes I have gathered information about how the antiracist actors interpret their activities and the context in which they are working.</p><p>On the subject of the shapes and forms of racism, I establish that racism is a concept that is hard to define. The antiracist actors lack a common language regarding racism, which affects the antiracist rhetoric. Regarding antiracism as a phenomenon, I conclude that the antiracist strategies mainly consist of three components: (1) <em>knowledge is used as a strategic instrument</em> internally to strengthen the volunteers, (2) <em>knowledge is spread</em> externally to increase awareness of racism, and (3) the antiracist actors <em>deconstruct racist beliefs</em> when opposing racist opinions. Finally, I research antiracism as a social arena and study civil society and theories about social movements in order to explore organizational aspects of the antiracist actors. Using Alberto Meluccis’ social movement theories, there is some evidence to support the thesis that the antiracist actors could be defined as part of an antiracist movement. However, overall there are stronger arguments to suggest the opposite, mainly since the antiracist actors are not in opposition to one or more adversaries. Instead they work with target groups, sometimes targeting the general public, sometimes specific groups like children in a certain school.</p><p>The main conclusion from my study in this respect is that the antiracist actors are part of what I call <em>association-driven antiracism</em>. The associationdriven antiracism is <em>characterized by non-violent methods</em> and the antiracist actors do not focus on racist adversaries, instead <em>they work with target groups</em> trying to influence them in an antiracist way. The association-driven antiracism secures its continuity through networks, since many activities are project-based and only last for a limited period of time. Also, the antiracist actors are not representatives <em>of particular political parties</em>, instead they <em>gather around the question at hand, antiracism</em>. The antiracist actors within the association-driven antiracism are in close collaboration with the government and partly finance their activities with government funding. This collaboration can be explained as a <em>positive steering process</em>, the rulers (the government) and those who are ruled (the antiracist actors) agree on an antiracist ideology and work in the same direction.</p>