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Die Chemnitzer Linux-Tage sind eine Veranstaltung rund um das Thema Open Source. Im Jahr 2011 wurden 102 Vorträge und Workshops gehalten. Der Band enthält ausführliche Beiträge zu 12 Hauptvorträgen sowie Zusammenfassungen zu 78 weiteren Vorträgen. / The "Chemnitz Linux Days" is a conference that deals with Linux and Open Source Software. In 2011 102 talks and workshops were given. This volume contains papers of 12 main lectures and 78 abstracts (in german).

Die derzeitigen Strukturen der überregionalen Informationsservices sind geprägt von Bündniszwängen, die eine technologische Erneuerung der Dateninfrastrukturen blockieren. Ein Lösungsweg liegt in der Rückbesinnung auf die Idee der Offenheit, des freien Zugangs zu Information und Wissen, für die Bibliotheken mit dem Ziel der Bildung und Selbstaufklärung gegründet wurden. Im Idealfall fügen sich durch gemeinsame Wertvorstellungen und damit verbundene technologische Prinzipien die dezentralen Aktivitäten der Bibliotheken in einer Netzwerkstruktur zusammen. Die emanzipatorische Qualität des Semantic Web ist bislang weithin unterschätzt und könnte helfen, Grabenkämpfe zwischen Protagonisten und Antagonisten der Digitalisierung zu beenden. Die Autoren plädieren für Bibliotheken als Sachwalter der Offenheit, die sich für einen freien, uneingeschränkten und globalen Zugang zu wissenschaftlicher Information und für die Weiterverarbeitbarkeit dieser Information stark machen. Am Beispiel von Dateninfrastrukturen werden konkrete Handlungsschritte diskutiert. Die Autoren fordern mit ihrem Beitrag eine breite Debatte und plädieren grundsätzlich für mehr Offenheit, Wahlfreiheit und Konsequenz im eigenen Handeln. / The current national information service structures are characterized by alliance constraints and lock-in phenomena that effectively block the development of state-of-the-art data infrastructures. A possible solution could be the return to the principle of openness that used to be at the heart of the concept of libraries as institutions of education and enlightenment. Ideally, shared values imply similar technological frameworks and lead to a complementary network of individual activities and services. Up to now the emancipatory quality of the Semantic Web has largely been underestimated. It could help, however, put an end to the trench warfare raging between proponents and detractors of the principle of digitisation. The authors suggest that libraries assume the role of stewards of openness and fight for free, unrestricted and global access to processable scientific information. Taking the example of data infrastructures, they discuss concrete further steps on the way to Open Science. In their article the authors put the case for a broad-based debate and demand greater openness, freedom of choice and consistency in each institution’s actions.

[pt] Capacitar usuários a contribuir proativamente para projetos de Open Source Software (OSS) através de relatos de problemas de Interação Humano-Computador (IHC) não apenas representa uma alternativa para resolver problemas de IHC em projetos de OSS, mas uma que se enquadra nos valores e ideologia da comunidade OSS. Através de referências às experiências comunicadas através de relatos de problemas de IHC, designers em projetos de OSS podem não apenas fazer suas decisões de design de uma maneira aberta transparente, mas também de uma maneira que os usuários finais possam se relacionar com os valores da comunidade. Esse estudo tem como objetivo explorar (a) como relatos de problemas se encaixam e influenciam as atividades de designers em projetos de OSS, (b) quais são as informações necessárias dos designers em projetos de OSS, e (c) como podemos apoiar os usuários na criação de relatos que estejam alinhados com essas informações. Para endereçar as questões (a) e (b), nós realizamos entrevistas com quatro designers contribuindo para projetos de OSS, e avaliamos qualitativamente um conjunto de 547 bugs reportados com palavras-chave relacionadas à IHC. Com esses dados, nós elaboramos um formulário, com base na Engenharia Semiótica, para usuários relatarem problemas de IHC. Para avaliar quão bem esse formulário comunica as informações que designers em projetos de OSS precisam e, então, endereçar a questão (c), nós conduzimos um estudo onde participantes foram convidados a reportar problemas de IHC através do formulário elaborado. / [en] Empowering end users to proactively contribute to OSS by reporting HCI issues not only represents a potential approach to solving HCI problems in OSS projects, but it also fits the Open Source values and ideology. By referring to the end users personal experiences and feedback reports, designers in OSS communities may build their design rationale not only in an open and transparent manner, but also in such a way that end users relate to the values embedded in the community. This study aims to contribute to the existing literature by exploring (a) how issue reports fit and influence OSS designers activities, (b) what the information needs of designers in OSS projects are, and (c) how to support users on the task of creating HCI issues reports that meet those needs. In order to collect data about questions (a) and (b), we conducted interviews with four designers contributing to OSS projects, and qualitatively evaluated a set of 547 bugs reported under HCI-related keywords. Using this data and based on Semiotic Engineering, we designed a form for users to report HCI issues. To investigate how well this form communicates the information needs of OSS designers and address question (c), we performed a study in which participants were invited to report HCI issues through the designed form.

Cette thèse analyse comment le logiciel open source, par son existence et ses caractéristiques, affecte les comportements des firmes propriétaires sur le marchés des logiciels et étudie dans quelles conditions les politiques publiques de soutien des logiciels open source sont-elles profitables pour le bien-être social. Elle comporte trois essais théoriques, portant chacun sur un aspect spécifique de cette problématique. Le premier essai étudie les incitations des firmes à coopérer avec la communauté open source en fonction de leur niveau d'asymétrie et examine comment les décisions de l'open source affectent les incitations à innover et le bien-être social. Dans le deuxième essai, on montre comment le comportement stratégique d'une firme propriétaire est affecté par la présence d'une communauté open source sous les conditions d'hétérogénéité des usagers et des programmeurs et en présence du forking. On montre également sous quelles conditions l'intervention publique en faveur de la communauté open source affecte positivement le bien être social. Enfin, le troisième essai examine l'impact sur le surplus des usagers et du bien-être social de la subvention publique au logiciel open source lorsque les usagers sur le marché sont hétérogènes par leur niveau d'expertise. / This thesis analyzes how open source software, by its existence and its characteristics, affects the behaviour of firms in the proprietary software market and examines the conditions under which public policies supporting open source software they are beneficial to social welfare. It contains three theoretical essays, each covering a specific aspect of this problem. The first essay explores the incentives of firms to cooperate with the open source community based on their level of asymmetry and examines how the decisions of open source affect incentives to innovate and social welfare. In the second essay, we show how the strategic behaviour of a firm is affected by the presence of an open source community under conditions of heterogeneity of users and programmers and in the presence of forking. We also show under what conditions government intervention in favour of the open source community is beneficial to social welfare. Lastly, the third essay examines the impact on the surplus of the users and the social welfare of the public subsidies to the open source software when the users on the market are heterogeneous by their level of expertise.

Human Development is not a term used in casual conversation, it describes the current approach used by large aide international development organizations like the United Nations; but most people are familiar with the terms “emergency relief” and “humanitarian intervention”. Emergency relief focuses on providing assistance to save lives, alleviate suffering, or protect populations; while human development uses various societal levers to improve living conditions. The United Nation has been publishing an annual report on human development since 1990 (UNDP 1990), and it is widely recognized as a consistent measure of global living conditions. Development strategies revolve around a transfer of something valuable to an aided population: education, vaccination, fertilizers, etc. In technology-based human development projects, technology artefacts (a medical record computer system, solar electrification systems, irrigation) and related knowledge (education, operation and maintenance instruction) are those valuables being transferred. The benefits of technology are specific to each economy, and dependant on how quickly technology is adapted and integrated in the local economy (Cypher & Dietz 2008). The value of ideas increases to the degree they can be shared with and used by others (Houghton & Sheehan 2000): the more knowledge is diffused and adopted, the greater its value. The success of free and open-source software exemplifies this principle, and a growing number of scholars agree that the model also applies to hardware (Balka et al. 2009; Thompson 2008). This thesis presents research on open source hardware and its knowledge-sharing approach as a means to human development. It presents a model that leverages the collaborative design methodology of open hardware for adoption of artefacts that address pressing “humanitarian technology” needs, for example, in health or education. To achieve this, critical literature reviews on open source and on technology-based human development are first done; the findings from literature are then complemented with the findings from interviews and case studies to model a sustainable deployment strategy for open source use in human development projects. Adopting the human development paradigm defined in the first Human Development Report (“HDR1990”), which aims at three people-centered aspirations: to live a long and healthy life, to be educated and to have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living (UNDP 1990). This thesis research models its deployment strategy using the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), showing that: (a) open source hardware, like any technology used in development, can magnify effective development programs when used appropriately; (b) Dr. E.F. Schumacher’s appropriate technology principles, and P. Polak’s reinstatement, mesh very well with the open source methodology, as long as required constituents in the aided communities are taken care of (availability of electricity, internet access, technical know-how, etc.); (c) extreme affordability is particularly important for open source hardware, because a sustainable strategy is based on the belief that aided population would want to procure these artifacts if they improve their earning potential; (d) participatory human development practices work well with the open source methodology, but “solutions” must be fully verified before deployment. This document is structured in 5 chapters: introduction, literature review, research strategies, case studies and interviews, and conclusion. The appendix include three articles published on parallel work for the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) on defining a strategy for the IEEE’s use of opens source technology in their humanitarian activities. This research provides insight into the new topic of open source hardware and its proposed use in the mission critical context of international development; because entrepreneurship is a key enabler to the strategy it describes, I hope the research can support future work on that aspect.

The master thesis deals with a theme of Open Source Business Intelligence tools from the point of view of a small company. The theoretical part describes the historical background of Open Source software and Business Intelligence theory. The practical part summarizes possibilities and properties of particular selected tools, based on implementation of partial activities with fi?ctional company data. Based on a multicriterial analysis, a variant proposal of BI solution for a specifi?c small company is created at the end of the thesis.

Business architecture is compared to the enterprise architecture discipline still unexplored. While a number of papers and literature on enterprise architecture has been written, business architecture remains behind in this respect. This thesis mainly deals with the creation of a conceptual model of business architecture artifacts and comparing them with open source tools. The primary objective of this study is to compare open source tools to support the business architecture artifacts. To fulfill this primary objective is important secondary objective. The secondary objective is to analyze the most highly cited expert articles and scientific literature and analyzing the most common architectural frameworks in organizations. Based on the analysis of these sources of information create conceptual artifacts BA model with the largest number of their occurrence. These artifacts will be assigned to specific models, which fulfill them. After reaching the secondary target, comes the fulfillment of the primary objectives. Then selected open source tools will be compared with that created a conceptual model and evaluated as a measure of its fulfillment.

In this work, an open source-based solution for measuring the quality of video streams from an ISP has been developed. The goals with the work has been to see how much cheaper the open source solution is in comparison with the company’s already implemented commercial solution, if the data collected by the new solution is as reliable as the existing solution, and to see if the microcontroller that is used is powerful enough to replace the current one. The microcontroller used was a Raspberry Pi 4 model b. To see how much load the microcontroller could handle a stress test was conducted where the number of parallel video streams was increased until the resources on the device were maxed out. Measurement points in the unit that were checked during the stress test were CPU. The measurements showed that it was able to monitor 15 parallel currents before resources ran out. The open source-based solution cost SEK 1548 per unit while the cost for the commercial solution was SEK 10898kr per unit. The data collected by the open source solution proved to be as reliable as the commercial solution / I det här arbetet har en open source-baserad lösning för att mäta kvaliteten på videoströmmar hos en internetleverantör tagits fram. Målen med arbetet har varit att se hur mycket billigare open source-lösningen är i jämförelse med företagets redan implementerade kommersiella lösning, om den nya lösningens insamlade data är lika tillförlitlig somden befintliga lösningens, samt se om mikrocontrollern som används är kraftig nog att ersätta den nuvarande. Mikrocontrollern som användes var en Raspberry Pi 4 modell b. För att mäta hur mycket belastning den klarade utfördes ett stresstest där antalet parallella videoströmmar att monitorera ökades tills resurserna på enheten var belastade till max. Mätpunkter i enheten som kontrollerades under stresstestet var CPU. Mätningarna visade att den klarade av att monitorera 15 parallella strömmar innan resurserna tog slut. Den open source-baserade lösningen kostade 1548 kronor per enhet medans den implementerade kostade 10898kr. Datan som samlades in av open source-lösningen visade sig vara lika tillförlitlig som den kommersiella lösningen.

Företaget är en tjänsteleverantör av olika tjänster, bl.a. IPTV. De använder sig idag av en kostsam lösning för att monitorera och analysera IPTV-strömmar och ser sig därför efter en mer kostnadseffektiv lösning. Målet med detta examensarbete har varit att svara på om det finns ett tillförlitligt open source-verktyg för detta, om en mikrokontroller kan ersätta deras befintliga hårdvara med avseende för IPTV-monitorering och vad skillnaden i kostnad kan vara. För att kunna besvara dessa frågor har metoder använts för att upprätta en kravställning på vad ett potentiellt verktyg ska kunna mäta, hur mycket det får kosta, samt att utföra stresstest på den utvalda hårdvaran, vilket var en Raspberry Pi 4 Modell B. Allt detta skedde i en uppsatt testmiljö som företaget bistod med. Det resulterade i en produkt som uppfyller de krav som företaget ställde och mätvärdena presenterades övergripande och tydligt i ett webbgränssnitt. Då tester av den framtagna lösningen och den befintliga lösningen inte utfördes i samma testmiljö så kan inte frågorna om open source-verktygets tillförlitlighet och om mikrokontrollerns förmåga inte besvaras på ett tillfredsställande sätt. Jämförelse mellan kostnaderna visar att den framtagna lösningen är mycket billigare då det är en engångskostnad i jämförelse med befintlig lösning som är en årskostnad. Vad som bör beaktas vid eventuell implementering av framtagen lösning är säkerhet, fortsätta studera verktyget och beräkna indirekta kostnader som utbildning, implementering och personalkostnad. / The company is a service provider of various services, including IPTV. Today they use a costly solution for monitoring and analyzing IPTV streams and is therefore looking for a cheaper solution. The goal with this thesis has been to answer if there is a reliable open source tool for monitoring and analyzing IPTV-streams, if a microcontroller can replace the existing hardware for IPTV monitoring and how much the difference in cost can be. To be able to answer these questions methods have been used to establish a set of requirements on what a potential tool should be able to measure, how much it may cost, and to perform stress test on selected hardware which was a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. All this took place in a test environment which the company provided. This resulted in a product that is able to measure the measurements that the company had as a requirement. The measurement values are presented in a overall and clear way in a web interface. The tests of the developed solution and the existing solution was not performed in the same test environment so the questions of open source tool reliability and microcontroller ability is not answered satisfactorily. Comparison between the costs show that the solution developed is much cheaper because it is a one-time cost compared to existing solution that is an annual cost. What should be considered in any implementation of developed solution is security, continue to study the open source tool and calculate indirect costs such as training, implementation and staff costs.