Estima-se que cerca de 12% dos corantes sintéticos têxteis se perdem entre os processos de produção e utilização, sendo dificil a avaliação do impacto gerado pela industria de manufatura ao meio ambiente. A benzidina, um composto reconhecidamente cancerígeno e mutagênico está presente em algumas centenas de composições de tintas listadas no color index. Apesar de muitos paises proibirem o uso da benzidina, como é o caso dos EUA que desde 1973 só permitem a sua produção para consumo próprio das empresas produtoras, países como o Brasil não possuem um controle tão eficiente da produção e uso de corantes a base de benzidina, sendo encontrada até mesmo em medicamentos de uso pediátrico. Optou-se por verificar a presença de benzidina nos córregos do Tijuco Preto e do Gregório porque em São Carlos existem duas industrias têxteis que dispõe os seus efluentes nos mesmos. Neste trabalho foi empregado o método de extração líquido-líquido em pH 9,5 para a determinação da benzidina em amostras de água. Foi utilizada a cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas para detectar e quantificar a benzidina nas amostras de água dos córregos do Tijuco Preto e do Gregório. Foi verificada a presença de benzidina nas amostras de água do córrego do Tijuco Preto e do córrego do Gregório nas concentrações da ordem de 0,0007 e 0,0006 mg L-1 respectivamente. / It is estimated that approximately 12% of synthetic textile dyes are lost between production and use, which makes the evaluation of the environmental impact of the textile industry difficult. Benzidine is a recognized carcinogen and mutagen, which can be found in a wide variety of dyes listed in the Color Index. A number of countries have banned the use of benzidines. This is true for USA (1973), which only permits production of benzidine for a companys own consumption. However, countries like Brazil do not have such an efficient control over the production and use of benzidine-based dyes, which can even be found in pediatric medicines. In this study, the presence of benzidines in the Tijuco Preto and Gregório streams (São Carlos city) was verified. These waterways were chosen due to the fact that two textile industries discharge their wastewater into these watercourses. In this study the liquid-liquid extraction method at pH 5 was employed for sample preparation and gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used to detect and quantify benzidines in the collected water samples. The presence of benzidines was verified in both the Tijuco Preto and Gregório streams at concentrations of 0.0006 and 0.0007 mg L-1, respectively.

Esse estudo descritivo-exploratório e correlacional apropriou-se da abordagem quantitativa e teve como objetivo caracterizar e analisar o burn out de enfermeiros oncologistas , considerando suas relações com variáveis pessoais e ocupacionais. A população foi composta por 77 enfermeiros que atuavam em unidades de Oncologia clínica e cirúrgica de cinco hospitais do município de São Paulo. Foram utilizados, para a coleta de dados, três instrumentos: um inventário de dados demográficos e ocupacionais construído pela autora, o inventário de Burn out de Maslach e Jackson e o inventário de Coping de Folkman e Lazarus. Os resultados apontaram que 53,3% dos enfermeiros apresentavam algum sintoma de burn out, sendo 29,9% com alteração em uma das dimensões, 14,3% com alteração em duas dimensões e 9,1% com alteração nas três dimensões. Não foi verificada para a população estudada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis demográficas e ocupacionais selecionadas com o burn out. Os principais estressores identificados pelos enfermeiros foram: o óbito, o relacionamento com a equipe médica e de enfermagem e as situações de emergência. Houve diferença, estatisticamente significativa, entre a dimensão incompetência profissional, o estressor óbito e a utilização do coping suporte social e fuga esquiva; e entre a dimensão desgaste emocional, relacionamento com equipe médica e de enfermagem e a utilização do coping fuga esquiva. Os enfermeiros utilizaram em maior proporção os estilos de coping resolução de problema e reavaliação positiva e, o estilo de coping menos utilizado, referiu-se à fuga esquiva / This descriptive exploratory and correlative study adopted the quantitative method and the aim was to characterize and analyse the burn out among oncology nurses regarding the relations with personal and occupational variables. The sample was represented by 77 nurses working in oncology clinical and surgical units in five hospitals in the city of São Paulo. Three tools were used for the data collect: a demographic and occupational inventory data made by the author, the Maslach and Jackson Burn out Inventory and the Folkman and Lazarus Coping Inventory. The results showed that 53,3% of the nurses demonstrated some kind of symptom of burn out, being 29,9% with alteration in one dimension, 14,3% with alteration in two dimensions and 9,1% with alteration in three dimensions. It wasn’t verified in this sample any important statistic difference between the demographic and occupational variables and burn out. The main stressors identified by the nurses were the death and dying, the conflict with doctors and the nursing team and the emergency situations. There was a statistic difference between personal accomplishment dimension and the stressor death and dying and the copings social support and escape. Also between the emotional exhaustion dimension and the stressor conflict with doctors and nursing team and the coping escape. The nurses used more frequently problem solving and positive reappraisal as coping styles, and the less used was the act of escaping

A literatura internacional ao investigar a durabilidade dos efeitos do Ensino Infantil se deparou com um eventual fenômeno de decaimento de tais efeitos, chamado de facing-out. Utilizando dados longitudinais coletados na cidade de Sertãozinho buscamos investigar e documentar tal fenômeno para a realidade nacional. Encontramos evidências de decaimento do benefício do EI especialmente sobre a proficiência de matemática. Além disso, mostramos que a estrutura da base de dados utilizada para fazer tal mensuração pode gerar resultados sobrestimados, especialmente se tal base contiver alto grau de seletividade. Por fim, indicamos que a qualidade das instituições de educação na primeira infância pode ser um dos determinantes da durabilidade do efeito encontrado, uma vez que crianças que frequentaram a maior parte do EI em escolas públicas estão mais sujeitas a este fênomeno. / The international literature while investigating the long term effects of early childhood education identified a decrease phenomenon of such effects, called fading-out. Using longitudinal data collected in the city of Sertãozinho our goal was to investigate and document this phenomenon for Brazilians\' reality. We found evidence of the decrease of early childhood education benefits, especially in Math proficiency. Furthermore, we show that the structure of the database used to make such measurements can generate results that overestimate the phenomenon, especially if those databases contain a high degree of selectivity. Finally, we indicate that the quality of the early childhood schoolscan be an important determinant of the effects\' durability, since children who attended most of the early childhood education in public schools are more prone to this phenomenon.

Traditional methods of IT recruitment in tertiary institutions need to be reviewed and more modern approaches analysed. A lot of successes and failures have been reported for each type of sourcing strategy in the IT sector. Many organizations have been liquidated due to poorly planned mergers, takeovers, and total outsourcing strategic shifts. The primary objective is to review the current IT sourcing strategies in tertiary institutions and to analyse and discuss the benefits and limitations of employing permanent IT staff, contract workers or outsourced staff.

Zusammenfassung: Ausschluss von Minderheiten (Zwangsübergang von Beteiligungswertpapieren) Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Recht auf einen nachträglichen Ausgleich bei dem Zwangsübergang von Beteiligungswertpapieren, das eine der Grundvoraussetzungen der Verfassungsmäßigkeit des Ausschlusses von Minderheiten darstellt. Die gerichtliche Nachprüfung der den verdrängten Inhabern bezahlten Abfindung sowie der Ablauf der Bezahlung des nachträglichen Ausgleichs werden in dem Text der Arbeit ausführlich erörtert. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die umstrittenen und unklaren Bestimmungen der wirksamen Regelung des Rechts auf einen nachträglichen Ausgleich aufzuzeigen, mögliche Auslegungen solcher Bestimmungen darzulegen und aus diesen die geeignetste Auslegung zu wählen. Diese Auslegung wird dann mit den zur Regelung des Ausschlusses im Handelsgesetzbuch verfassten Schlussfolgerungen der Rechtsprechung verglichen um zu beurteilen, ob diese Schlussfolgerungen der Rechtsprechung auch nach dem 01. 01. 2014 weiterhin gelten. In dieser Arbeit wird die Bedeutung des Rechts auf einen nachträglichen Ausgleich sowie die allgemeinen Aspekte der Geltendmachung dieses Rechts erklärt. Das gerichtliche Verfahren und die außengerichtliche Vereinbarung das nachträgliche Ausgleich wird ausführlich erörtert. Der Ablauf der Bezahlung...

I studien deltog 235 personer, 231 av dessa deltog i jämförelsen mellan könen. Syftet var att undersöka om Fear of Missing Out [FoMO] spelar roll i hur nöjd man är med livet (Satisfaction with Life Scale) [SWLS] både i gruppen som helhet samt uppdelat mellan kön. Utöver detta ämnade studien undersöka om det fanns något samband mellan FoMO och ålder, både i gruppen som helhet och uppdelat mellan kön. Vidare var syftet också att se om det fanns några könsskillnader när det kommer till FoMO samt SWLS. Studien kunde visa på ett negativt samband mellan självskattad SWLS och självskattad FoMO för gruppen män. För gruppen kvinnor fanns det inget samband mellan självskattad SWLS och självskattad FoMO. För gruppen som helhet fanns det också ett negativt samband mellan självskattad SWLS och självskattad FoMO. Man bör dock uppmärksamma att det är gruppen män som gör att det blir ett negativt samband mellan FoMO och SWLS vad gäller gruppen som helhet. Studien har också kunnat visa på att det finns ett negativt samband mellan FoMO och ålder både i gruppen som helhet samt för kvinnor och män. Ju äldre deltagarna var, desto lägre självskattad FoMO. Slutligen kunde studien inte visa på några könsskillnader i självskattad FoMO, inte heller i SWLS. / In this study a total of 235 people participated, whereof 231 of these participated in comparisons between genders. The purpose of this study was to see if Fear of Missing Out [FoMO] plays a role in how satisfied you are with your life (Satisfaction with Life Scale) [SWLS], amongst all participants but also compared between gender. In addition, this study wanted to see if there were any connection between FoMO and age among all participants as well as between genders. Furthermore, the study wanted to see if there were any differences in FoMO and SWLS between genders. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between self-reported SWLS and self-reported FoMO for men. But there was no correlation between self-reported SWLS and self-reported FoMO for women. Though there were a negative correlation between self-reported SWLS and self-reported FoMO for all participants, this indicates that the significant correlation in the whole group was indeed caused by the male participants since there were no significant correlations for women. This study could also show a significant negative correlation between FoMO and age for all participants as well as for men and women separately. Older participants reported lower FoMO. Finally, this study did not find any differences in gender when it comes to self-reported FoMO, nor self-reported SWLS.

The purpose of this study was to determine the motivations and characteristics of returning female students ages 23-50 and to investigate the implications for the community college. Participants in the study were 30 female students ages 23-50, selected from required classes in math and English in a community college in Northeast Tennessee. The participants volunteered to participate in this study. Responses were grouped in three major categories: motivation, characteristics, and implications for the community college. The responses were then analyzed and compared with the information from the literature review. Findings suggested that job-related reasons motivated students to return to college, and these reasons were those that were most acceptable to family and peers. Self-improvement, however, was also a strong motivation. Job satisfaction seemed more important than high salaries. Many single parents wanted more for their children and further education was the only way they could get a better-paying job. These students were highly motivated, determined to reach their goals. Almost all of them had experienced some academic successes in their past, but most of them had families who were indifferent to higher education, and often, in the same family, attitudes toward the student’s attempt to obtain more education were ambivalent. Students did not express many problems in the areas of scheduling, transportation, or child care, even though the community college could be classified as a "commuter college." Their attitudes were positive toward the school, and toward their educational experiences. Most of them were enrolled in a business or medical curriculum. Students viewed general education courses positively. They saw such courses as expanding their outlook on life and opening up new worlds for them. All of the students said they would recommend returning to school to other women in their age group.

Composite beams are frequently used in building, combining a steel beam with either a concrete-filled steel deck or solid concrete slab. To ensure proper composite action, shear connectors, typically in the form of headed shear studs, are utilized. Traditionally, the strength assessment of these headed shear studs is made using empirical design specifications that are based on push-out tests, which have been widely conducted and standardized over the years. However, the standardized push-out tests have short-comings, such as uneven slab bearing, slab buckling, questions regarding the distribution of load to each stud, etc. A study was conducted to evaluate and compare the existing push-out test setup with two alternative test setups. The study also aimed to examine the behavior of headed shear studs in composite beams having deck deeper the current allowable limit of 3 in., as specified by American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) design specification. While the standard specification allows for steel decks with rib heights of up to 3 in., there are deck profiles deeper than 3 in. available in the market. Utilizing these deeper decks in composite beams offers several advantages, including faster and more cost-effective construction by reducing the number of beams required. This research therefore found that a major challenge in creating an alternative test setup involves eliminating moment at the interface between the concrete-filled steel deck and the steel beam. This moment leads to tension in the headed shear stud/stud group closest to the actuator, thus affecting the shear strength of the headed shear studs. Further, these headed shear studs have significant strength when used with 3.5 in. decks but further research is necessary. / Master of Science / Composite beams are widely used in building construction, combining a steel beam with either a concrete-filled steel deck or a solid concrete slab. To ensure their proper function, shear connectors are used, typically in the form of headed shear studs. Traditionally, the strength of these shear studs is determined using standardized push-out tests, but these tests some challenges like uneven slab bearing, questions about even load distribution, etc. In this study, the existing push-out test setup was evaluated and compared with two alternative setups. The behavior of headed shear studs in composite beams with deeper decks than the current allowable limit specified by design standards was also investigated. Using these deeper decks offers advantages such as faster and more cost-effective construction. One major challenge in creating an alternative test setup was eliminating the moment at the interface between the concrete-filled steel deck and the steel beam. This moment caused tension in the headed shear stud closest to the actuator, impacting the overall shear strength of the studs. Additionally, it was found that these shear studs show promising strength when used with 3.5 in. decks, but more research is needed to fully understand their capabilities. By exploring new test setups and considering deeper decks, this research contributes to improving the design and construction of composite beams, making them more efficient and reliable for future building projects.

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The student retention behavior of stopping-out is widely misunderstood and yet very important in explaining community college student enrollment patterns. Stopping-out remains understudied in higher education literature as it is challenging to collect data from students who discontinued their enrollment. Since these students are not retained, they may be categorized as dropping-out within institutional data. The behavior of students who temporarily discontinue their enrollment and intend to re-enroll in the future is characterized as stopping-out. A clear distinction between stopping-out and dropping-out is vital to understanding the characteristics of students who stop-out and the student-level, institutional, and economic factors that influence their decision to discontinue their enrollment. By identifying the characteristics of these students and the factors that lead them to stopping-out, this study provides a foundation for shifting resources to programs that specifically target students who stop-out. Previous retention studies primarily utilized quantitative designs, lacking a student perspective. This mixed-method study, informed by rational choice and prospect theory, analyzed quantitative and qualitative data collected through a fall 2023 student survey administered in partnership with the community college research site. Quantitative analysis revealed that stop-out students at the community college are disproportionately Black, African-American, or Hispanic, of non-traditional age, and Pell Grant eligible. The students who stopped-out for economic reasons were most likely to be part-time enrolled and full-time employed and were more likely than students who stopped out due to institutional factors to discontinue enrollment due to COVID-19. The qualitative analysis of student responses to open-ended survey questions revealed the following themes, which described the factors influencing students' stop-out decisions. These were academic goal attainment, dual enrollment, institutional policies and academics, economic or life events, and ongoing student identity. The qualitative findings corroborated the quantitative findings that economic factors predominantly drive stopping-out decisions and stop-out students still identify as college students. The qualitative findings also confirmed that a number of students included in the stop-out survey did not stop-out. The students who reached their academic goals and dual enrollment students discontinued their enrollment because they met their academic goals. In order to analyze the students who stopped-out, these students were categorized as not-stopped-out for data analysis. The categorization allowed for the focus to be on students most closely aligned with the definition of stopped-out at the research site. My research contributes to the existing literature by including the experiences of stop-out students through their perspective. The research results provide a foundation for community college administrators and policymakers to advocate for reallocating resources toward programs supporting the retention of this unique group. Since the research revealed that many students who stop-out still self-identify as college students, there is an opportunity to provide a pathway to re-enrollment. College leaders can create an environment that lowers the economic barriers driving these students out of the classroom, thereby increasing the student success initiatives associated with community college missions. / Educational Administration