During the time I've attended the programme to become a Transportation manager, I've been presented with quite a large number of different words. My purpose with this paper is to take a closer look at them, and see if they're sustainable concepts. This paper will be a literary study, and be on a wholly theoretical level. After a thorough examination of the various words, I've come to the conclusion that these words that I've chosen aren't just fad-words. They're going to be around for quite a while, this due to the fact that they're based on good ideas from the get-go. Many of them represent simple but functional solutions, that every one at work or at home that may partake in and thus create a better environment / Under den tiden jag har gått på Transportation manager programmet har jag fått ta del av en mängd ord. Dessa tänker jag gå in lite närmare på och se ifall de kan vara hållbara koncept. Detta arbetet kommer vara en litteraturstudie, och kommer att vara på en rent teoretiskt nivå. Efter att ha gått igenom de olika orden har jag kommit fram till att detta inte är några modeflugor jag har valt. De kommer att finnas kvar en lång tid, mest för att de är baserade på goda idéer från början. Många av dem representerar enkla men funktionella lösningar som var och en på företaget och hemma kan ta del av för att skapa en bättre miljö.

Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the need for a central warehouse for spare parts distribution in the after-sales market for manufacturing companies. Research question: What are the potential benefits and challenges of a central warehouse for spare parts distribution in the after-sales market for manufacturing companies? Method: This study has been inspired by the deductive approach with a qualitative research design, and with a case study. A literature survey has been carried out, where previous scientific research has been analysed. Empirical data was collected from the case company with interviews in both structured and semi-structured form. Based on an analysis of literature and theory, a conclusion has been drawn up. Conclusion: Both benefits and challenges have been identified, but the study shows that more benefits than challenges have been confirmed. Thus, it can be concluded that a central warehouse will show more value in terms of benefits for companies, but not without facing some challenges on the way.

The project presented here is a NCAA Division I capacity football stadium located on the campus of James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia. This stadium is a vehicle for exploring and expressing my ideas about the role of structure in architecture, and about an architect's realm of control in a building project. The typology of a stadium allows for a limited number of functional requirements while, at the same time, allowing for, if not demanding, a creative structural solution. / Master of Architecture

Poor input data quality used in repairable spare parts forecasting by aerospace small and midsize enterprises (SME) suppliers results in poor inventory practices that manifest into higher costs and critical supply shortage risks. Guided by the data quality management (DQM) theory as the conceptual framework, the purpose of this exploratory multiple case study was to identify the key strategies that the aerospace SME repairable spares suppliers use to maximize their input data quality used in forecasting repairable spare parts. The multiple case study comprised of a census sample of 6 forecasting business leaders from aerospace SME repairable spares suppliers located in the states of Florida and Kansas. The sample was collected via semistructured interviews and supporting documentation from the consenting participants and organizational websites. Eight core themes emanated from the application of the content data analysis process coupled with methodological triangulation. These themes were labeled as establish data governance, identify quality forecast input data sources, develop a sustainable relationship and collaboration with customers and vendors, utilize a strategic data quality system, conduct continuous input data quality analysis, identify input data quality measures, incorporate continuous improvement initiatives, and engage in data quality training and education. Of the 8 core themes, 6 aligned to the DQM theory's conceptual constructs while 2 surfaced as outliers. The key implication of the research toward positive social change may include the increased situational awareness for SME forecasting business leaders to focus on enhancing business practices for input data quality to forecast repairable spare parts to attain sustainable profits.

Le cadre général des travaux de cette thèse est la chaîne logistique des pièces de rechange et particulièrement l’amélioration de sa performance en prévision et en gestion des stocks à plusieurs niveaux de service. La spécificité d’une demande faible et erratique ne permet pas l’utilisation des approches classiques de prévision. Par ailleurs, les mesures de performance associées reposant sur des indicateurs purement statistiques ne reflètent pas nécessairement les objectifs de gestion d’une chaîne logistique qui cherche à s’aligner avec différents niveaux d’exigence des contrats de maintenance. Après une description des processus et des outils en prévision et en gestion de stocks utilisés dans ce contexte, ces travaux proposent de nouvelles approches de sélection des méthodes de prévisions qui intègrent prévision et gestion de stocks, qui permettent la priorisation en service ou en inventaire et qui utilisent une segmentation par profil de la demande et par niveau de maturité des pièces. Par la suite, ces travaux considèrent le cas de la différenciation client dans le modèle de gestion de stocks basé sur des prévisions, en comparant la performance de la politique à niveau critique avec les politiques classiques à stock commun ou séparé. Chaque processus étudié a été accompagné d’une analyse comparative entre différentes méthodes de prévisions et politiques de gestion de stocks sur des données réelles du cas d’application industrielle de la chaine logistique de GE Healthcare. Ce qui a permis de construire un ensemble de recommandations en fonction de la segmentation de la pièce et des priorités des décideurs. / The main scope of these works is the spare parts supply chain management, particularly the improvement of forecasting and inventory management performance. The specificity of low and erratic demand does not allow the use of conventional approaches of forecasting. Moreover, the associated performance measurements, based on purely statistical indicators, are not adapted to this context. Indeed, it should align with different levels of expectations of the maintenance contracts. After a presentation of the processes and tools used by the dedicated literature. Here we propose new performance analysis approaches seeking to combine the statistical performance of forecasting methods and inventory management performance while considering decision makers priorities and using demand pattern as well as parts age segmentations. These works also address the use of customer differentiation in the inventory model based on forecasting, by comparing the performance of the critical level policy with the common stock and separated stock policies. Each studied process was associated with a comparative analysis of different forecasting methods and inventory management models based on real data of the spare parts supply chain of GE Healthcare, which allowed us to define a set of methods and parameters recommendations according to both part segmentations and supply chain priorities.

Additive manufacturing is described in literature as a disruptive technology for spare parts supply chains and shows the potential to impact business models for spare parts production through various advantages over conventional manufacturing. Understanding changes in business models is important for companies to adopt any technology and explore business opportunities around it. This research aims to fill the gap in literature on how business models change when additive manufacturing is used for spare parts production in the automotive industry. To investigate those changes a qualitative research design with semi-guided interviews with experts in automotive companies was chosen. The findings showed that the adoption of additive manufacturing in the automotive industry is generally slow and only a few spare parts are specifically developed for additive manufacturing. Especially for niche low-volume and high-value applications AM is already used. At the same time identifying new business cases is needed for broader adoption. Contrasting opinions in literature that additive manufacturing is a disruptive technology, the adopters referred to it rather as a tool. Moreover, the findings showed that the potential of additive manufacturing described in literature is still there but cannot be utilized yet due to various identified barriers at the current stage. The main identified barriers are lack of knowledge, suitable manufacturing data, and resources to explore additive manufacturing.

The English musician William Boyce was known as an organist for the cathedral as well as the Chapel Royal, a composer of both secular and sacred music, a director of large choral festivals, and the editor of Cathedral Music, the finest eighteenth-century edition of English Church music. Among Boyce's compositions for the church are many examples of verse and solo anthems. Part II of this thesis consists of an edition of one verse and three solo anthems selected from British Museum manuscript Additional 40497, transcribed into modern notation, and provided with a realization for organ continuo. Material prefatory to the edition itself, including a biography, a history of the verse and solo anthem from the English Reformation to the middle of the eighteenth century, a discussion .of the characteristics of Boyce's verse and solo anthems, and editorial notes constitute Part I.

Tillverkande företag inom den svenska industrin utnyttjar ofta sina maskiner maximalt för att möta den efterfrågan som råder på deras produkter. Detta leder till slitage på maskinerna och därmed även ett stort behov av att reservdelar och komponenter finns tillgängliga, något som krävs för en fungerande underhållsprocess. Samtidigt binder företagen mycket kapital i sina reservdelslager. För att uppnå skalfördelar och minskade kostnader kan företag överväga att centralisera sina lagerstrukturer. Med anledning av ovan nämnda aspekter, är det av vikt att undersöka möjligheterna till ökad samlagring av reservdelar inom den svenska pappersmassaindustrin.   Syftet med studien är att undersöka förutsättningar för centralisering av reservdelslager.   Baserat på frågeställningarnas karaktär är metodvalet en blandning mellan kvalitativ och kvantitativ metod, med tyngdpunkt i den kvalitativa delen. Arbetets angreppsätt är av induktiv typ, då problemområdet identifierades tidigt och någon teoretisk inhämtning inte skedde förrän senare i arbetsprocessen. En fallstudie genomfördes för att erhålla djupgående och detaljrik information rörande forskningsfrågorna. Dessutom möjliggjorde fallstudien att en blandning mellan den kvalitativa och kvantitativa metoden kunde tillämpas. Datainsamling skedde genom litteraturstudier, dokumentinsamling och intervjuer. Intervjuerna var av semistrukturerad typ och skedde både över telefon samt på plats hos fallföretaget.   Den finansiella aspekten är det mest betydelsefulla motivet för en centralisering och tillika den största fördelen som en sådan omstrukturering medför. Det eftersom det totala antalet reservdel kan reduceras, vilket också minskar en rad kostnader. Därtill visar studien att en centralisering leder till en minskad miljöpåverkan. Hinder för centralisering av förrådsverksamheten är behovet av transparens, standardisering och öppenhet mellan de inblandade parterna. Vidare behövs en rättvis kostnadsfördelning mellan aktörerna, där individuella resultatmål råder.   De reservdelar som lämpar sig för att lagerföras vid ett centrallager är sådana som delas av minst två produktionsanläggningar, som är skrymmande, har högt inköpsvärde och som åldras snabbt.   Med hjälp av en modifierad variant av tyngdpunktsmetoden, har ett centralt beläget lager för fallföretagets samtliga svenska bruk lokaliserats till Örebro med omnejd. Om centrallagret däremot endast avser fallföretagets fyra nordligaste bruk bör lagret enligt den modifierade tyngdpunktsmetoden förläggas till Ludvika. / Manufacturing companies in the Swedish industry often make maximum use of their machines in order to meet the demand of their products. This leads to wear on the machines and thus a great need for access to spare parts and components, which is required for a functioning maintenance process. At the same time, the companies bind a lot of capital in their spare parts inventories. To achieve economies of scale and reduced costs, companies may consider centralizing their inventory structures. In view of the above-mentioned aspects, it is essential to examine the possibilities for increased co-storage of spare parts in the Swedish pulp industry.   The purpose of this study is to examine the conditions required in order to centralise spare part storage.   Based on the nature of the research questions, the choice of method is a mixture between qualitative and quantitative method, with an emphasis on the qualitative part. The approach of the work is of an inductive type, since the problem area was identified early, and no theoretical acquisition took place until later into the research process. A case study was conducted in order to obtain in-depth and detailed information concerning the research questions. This also made it possible to employ a combination of the qualitative and quantitative method. Data collection was done through literature studies, document analysis and interviews. The interviews were of a semi-structured type and took place both over the telephone and on site at the case company.  The financial aspect is the most significant motive for centralization and the biggest advantage that such a change can bring. The reason behind this is that the total number of spare parts can be reduced, which also help to lower costs in other areas. In addition, the study shows that a centralization leads to a reduced environmental impact. Barriers to centralization of the storage operations are the need for transparency, standardization and openness between the parties involved. Furthermore, a fair distribution of costs between the participants is needed, where individual performance targets exists.   The spare parts suitable for being stocked at a central warehouse are those that are shared by at least two production facilities, are bulky, have a high purchasing value, and are aging quickly.   Using a modified version of the Center of Gravity Method, a centrally located warehouse for the case company’s all Swedish mills has been located to Örebro and the surrounding area. If, however, the central warehouse is only assigned to the case company’s four northernmost mills, the warehouse should according to the modified Center of Gravity Method be located to Ludvika.

Este trabalho é um estudo de caso múltiplo, realizado em concessionárias do setor automotivo, que visa ao levantamento do estado atual da gestão dos estoques de peças de reposição e sua correlação com os modelos existentes na literatura sobre o tema. O estudo englobou sete concessionárias de quatro marcas, apontadas por especialistas das respectivas associações como sendo exemplos de boa gestão neste segmento. Os resultados apontaram que, de fato, no nível gerencial pesquisado existem grandes lacunas entre as teorias acadêmicas e as práticas, em especial quanto ao uso de técnicas de previsão de demanda, à decisão de estocagem dos produtos e às políticas de estocagem adotadas. O principal motivo para explicar estas lacunas é o desconhecimento das técnicas pelos gestores. Este desconhecimento parece estar ligado às deficiências na formação escolar e nos cursos de aperfeiçoamento oferecidos, pelas montadoras e associações, aos gestores destes estoques. Novas pesquisas são sugeridas, ao nível dos proprietários/acionistas das concessionárias, para verificação de outras possíveis explicações sobre os motivos destas lacunas. A pesquisa é concluída com diversas recomendações, tanto aos praticantes como aos acadêmicos, buscando a redução destas lacunas. / This dissertation is a multiple case study, performed in automotive dealers. The objective is to evaluate current spare parts inventory management practices status and their correlations with existing models on academic references. The study included seven dealers (from four different brands) which were recognized as examples of good practices at spare parts management by the dealer association specialists. The results pointed out that, in fact, at the managerial level interviewed, there are large gaps between academic theories and management practice, especially on demand forecasting, stocking decision and stocking policies. The gaps are mainly explained by managers? lack of knowledge on inventory control. This lack of knowledge seems to be caused by school and specialization courses (provided by automakers and dealers associations) deficiencies. New researches are suggested, at the owners/stockholders level, to verify other possible gap reasons. Research is concluded with several recommendations to academics and managers in order to reduce the theory-practice gap.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helena Lanna Figueiredo.pdf: 599857 bytes, checksum: c9ad07af34c4223197b0effe3f3c5be1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-11 / This thesis carried out a study of civil responsibility of the third part interfering with contractual relationship. The research has encompassed the main contractual aspects, such as concept, traditional principles, new principles emerging with 1988 Federal Constitution, internal and external effects of the relationship and opposability of its effects. Also, a brief demonstration of civil responsibility has been done. Having in mind the sparse homeland doctrinal and jurisprudential material, this study has been directed towards approaching the analysis of legal systems whose topic is found in a more advanced phase: England, United States, France, Portugal, and Italy. In the end, this work intended to demonstrate the possibility of applying theory of Civil Responsibility of the Interfering Third Part in Brazil. From the analysis of doctrinal and jurisprudential evolution in the external effects of the contract, it was aimed to prove that the courts are already prepared to make use of the doctrine. From this assumption, it was intended to establish the fundaments, basis and pre-requisites of the theory. At last, the study dealt with relevant questions concerning the nature of responsibilisation, of the existence or non-existence of solidarity between the third part and the contracting part, of loss quantification and of the penal matter application / Esta dissertação realizou um estudo sobre a responsabilidade civil do terceiro que interfere numa relação contratual. A pesquisa abrangeu os principais aspectos do contrato, tais como, conceito, princípios tradicionais, novos princípios surgidos com a Constituição Federal de 1988, efeitos internos e externos da relação e oponibilidade dos seus efeitos. Fez-se, ainda, uma breve exposição acerca da responsabilidade civil. Tendo em vista o escasso material doutrinário e jurisprudencial pátrio, o estudo foi direcionado a abordar a análise de ordenamentos jurídicos onde o tema se encontra em estágio mais avançado: Inglaterra, Estados Unidos, França, Portugal e Itália. Ao final, o trabalho procurou demonstrar a possibilidade de aplicação da teoria da responsabilidade do terceiro interferente no Brasil. A partir da análise da evolução doutrinária e jurisprudencial acerca dos efeitos externos do contrato, objetivou-se comprovar que os tribunais já se encontram preparados para utilizar a doutrina. A partir desse pressuposto, pretendeu-se estabelecer os fundamentos, as bases e os requisitos da teoria. Por fim, o estudo tratou de questões relevantes acerca da natureza da responsabilização, da existência ou não de solidariedade entre o terceiro e o contratante, da quantificação do dano e da aplicação da cláusula penal