Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:34:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1942.pdf: 3920831 bytes, checksum: c7ebcbad9fc4c1e3b98154fe862136b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-11-19 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The blends preparation and composites have been one of the techniques more used to make possible properties and to increase the time of useful life of polymers. PET is a polymeric semicrystalline that has a Tg in 75°C and Tm in 245°C. The low value of Tg of PET and its easiness in crystallizing a lot of times points negative not desired can be considered in a certain project. PEI is a polymeric one amorphous with a value of Tg quite loud 215°C. In the mixture of PET (virgin or recycled) with PEI a displacement was verified in Tg of PET, as well as the one of PEI suggesting polymeric miscibility of the two in the melted state and confirmed later on by the negative value of the parameter of certain Flory to thermal treatments. Since the fusion entalpia is proportional to the crystalline fraction, its correlation with the conformer Reason Trans, RT, was found linear and independent of the content of PEI, turning possible to the determination of the degree of cristalinidade of independent PET of which it goes the composition of to blend PET/PEI. From the results of mechanical resistance of the samples submitted to the aging under radiation UV, it was verified that, independent of the type of PET employee, of the time of radiation of the condition dry or after immersion in water, for stabilized blends or not, so much the specific deformation in the rupture, elastic module, the deformation, and calculated elastic energy, they show a continuous tendency of growth with increase of the content of PEI in the mixture. The effective protection of PEI was verified on PET starting from 25% in PEI of up to 200h of exhibition under UV for the dry samples and up to 100h for samples after immersion in water. After thermal cycle it was verified that, depending on the temperature of the test the composition becomes an important factor. The thermal treatment above 90°C in the presence of the blends with larger concentration than 25% in PEI eliminate the tensions frozen during the processing, in other words, physical aging without there is the crystallization of PET, consequently, a significant improvement was observed in the mechanical answer in terms of elastic energy until tenth cycle. The thermal cycle at 120°C and 140°C is committed for the physical aging of PET and crystallization after the first cycle. The results obtained for the blend with content of 25% in PEI, in fact, when compared to the samples of pure PET they evidence the significant gain in the value of the elastic energy, these results suggest the potentiality for a possible application of this blend in the production of pieces whose interest is to guarantee a good resistance to the impact. / A preparação de blendas e compósitos tem sido umas das técnicas mais utilizadas para viabilizar propriedades e aumentar o tempo de vida útil de polímeros. O PET é um polímero semicristalino que possui Tg em 75°C e Tm em 245°C. O baixo valor da Tg do PET e sua facilidade em cristalizar muitas vezes podem ser considerados pontos negativos indesejados em um determinado projeto. A PEI é um polímero amorfo com um valor de Tg bastante alto 215°C. Na mistura de PET (virgem ou reciclado) com PEI foi verificado um deslocamento na Tg do PET, bem como a do PEI sugerindo miscibilidade do dois polímeros no estado fundido e confirmado pelo valor negativo do parâmetro de Flory determinado posteriormente a tratamentos térmicos. Desde que a entalpia de fusão é proporcional à fração cristalina, sua correlação com a Razão de conformação Trans, RT, foi encontrada linear e independente do conteúdo de PEI, tornando possível à determinação do grau de cristalinidade do PET independente de qual for a composição da blenda PET/PEI. A partir dos resultados de resistência mecânica das amostras submetidas ao envelhecimento sob radiação UV, verificou-se que, independente do tipo de PET empregado, do tempo de radiação da condição seco ou após imersão em água, para blendas estabilizadas ou não, tanto a deformação específica na ruptura, módulo elástico, a elongação, e energia elástica calculada, mostram uma tendência contínua de crescimento com aumento do conteúdo de PEI na mistura. Foi verificada a proteção efetiva da PEI sobre o PET a partir de 25% em PEI de até 200h de exposição sob UV para as amostras secas e até 100h para amostras após imersão em água.Após ciclagem térmica verificou-se que, dependendo da temperatura de ensaio de ciclo térmico a composição passa a ser um fator importante. O tratamento térmico acima de 90°C na presença das blendas com concentração maior que 25% em PEI elimina as tensões congeladas durante o processamento, ou seja, envelhecimento físico sem que haja a cristalização do PET, conseqüentemente observou-se uma melhoria significativa na resposta mecânica em termos de energia elástica até o décimo ciclo. A ciclagem térmica a 120°C e a 140°C são comprometidas pelo envelhecimento físico do PET e cristalização após o primeiro ciclo.Os resultados obtidos para a blenda com conteúdo de 25% em PEI, de fato, quando comparados às amostras de PET puro evidenciam o ganho significativo no valor da energia elástica, estes resultados sugerem a potencialidade para uma possível aplicação desta blenda na produção de peças cujo interesse é garantir uma boa resistência ao impacto.

Submitted by LUIS FELIPE DE PAULA SANTOS null (luiss9406@gmail.com) on 2018-04-07T14:17:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis_dissertação_vfinal.pdf: 2915392 bytes, checksum: 7d6ba891adc68c5a6d0ae35e884f554e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-04-09T13:53:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_lfp_me_guara.pdf: 2915392 bytes, checksum: 7d6ba891adc68c5a6d0ae35e884f554e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-09T13:53:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_lfp_me_guara.pdf: 2915392 bytes, checksum: 7d6ba891adc68c5a6d0ae35e884f554e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os avanços tecnológicos na área dos compósitos poliméricos criaram novas oportunidades para estruturas de alto desempenho e com baixo peso, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de sistemas estratégicos em diversos setores, principalmente o aeronáutico. Dentro deste contexto os compósitos poliméricos nanoestruturados encontram-se em uma posição vantajosa em relação a outros materiais, pois seus constituintes podem agregar melhorias nos desempenhos mecânico, térmico e elétrico. Neste trabalho, compósitos nanoestruturados de poli(éter-imida) e nanotubos de carbono de paredes múltiplas (PEI/MWCNT) foram obtidos a partir da técnica de mistura em solução. Posteriormente, foi realizada a consolidação do compósito nanoestruturado reforçado com fibra de carbono (PEI/MWCNT/FC) via moldagem por compressão a quente. A partir das análises térmicas de termogravimetria (TGA) e dinâmico-mecânica (DMA) realizadas no compósito PEI/MWCNT, verificou-se uma melhoria na resistência térmica e nas propriedades viscoelásticas do material. Além disso, as melhorias nas propriedades físicas ocasionadas pela adição de MWCNT a matriz polimérica, influenciaram positivamente na qualidade de processamento dos laminados. Após os ensaios de ILSS e CST observou-se que a adição do nanoreforço gerou um incremento de 16% e 58%, respectivamente, sugerindo uma melhoria na adesão interfacial do compósito. O comportamento em tração não sofreu influência significativa a partir da adição de MWCNT, levando apenas uma melhoria de 5% na resistência a tração e 2% no módulo de elasticidade do material. A adição de MWCNT não influenciou significativamente a resistência a fadiga dos laminados quando analisada em temperatura ambiente e em temperatura elevada, sendo possível observar uma pequena redução nas mesmas. Por outro lado, quando submetido a temperatura sub-ambiente, a adição favoreceu e gerou uma melhoria na resistência a fadiga dos materiais. Por fim, após as análises fractográficas observou-se macroscopicamente que o material PEI/MWCNT/FC possui um aspecto mais dúctil da fratura e microscopicamente há diferenças nos aspectos da fratura do material quando comparado ao laminado PEI/FC / Technological advances in polymer composites area have been created new opportunities for high-performance and lightweight structures, promoting the development of strategic systems in several sectors of industry, especially on the aerospace field. In this context, the nanostructured polymer composites are in an advantageous position compared to other materials, since its constituents may add improvements in mechanical, thermal and electrical performance. In this work, PEI/MWCNT nanostructured composites were obtained from solution mixing technique. Subsequently, the consolidation of the composite reinforced with carbon fiber, was performed by hot compression molding. TGA and DMA analyzes performed on PEI/MWCNT composite film revealed that there was an improvement in the thermal resistance and the viscoelastic properties of the material. In addition, the enhancement in physical properties due to the incorporation of MWCNT in polymer matrix had a positive role in the quality of the laminates. After ILSS and CST tests, it was observed that the addition of the nanofiller led to an increment of 16% and 58%, respectively, suggesting an improvement in the interfacial adhesion of the composite. The tensile behavior did not present a significant influence from the addition of MWCNT, leading to only a 5% improvement in tensile strength and 2% in the modulus of elasticity of the material. The addition of MWCNT did not significantly influence the fatigue strength of the laminates when analyzed at room and high temperature, being possible to observe a small reduction in these temperatures. On the other hand, when performed at sub-ambient temperature, the incorporation of the nanofiller led to an improvement in the fatigue resistance of the materials. Finally, after the fractographic analysis it was observed macroscopically that the PEI/MWCNT/FC composite has a more ductile aspect of the fracture and microscopically there are differences in the fracture aspects of the material when compared to the PEI/FC laminate / 2016/12810-5 / 2017/09344-5 / Demanda Social

abstract: Lu Pei (b. 1956) is a celebrated Chinese American composer who currently serves as a composition professor at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music. His work is known for its varied use of Chinese folk tunes. He lived in the United States a long time, which cultivated within him abundant Western musical influences. The sound of multi-ethnic elements is greatly reflected in his own music. Writing an opera has always been his ultimate dream as a composer, and after many years of work, the opera The Third of March was completed and premiered in 2018 in Guangxi. It has received wide acclaim and has been a favorite of younger listeners. Lu Pei aims to bring young people to modern music and the Chinese opera, not only using traditional Chinese musical elements, but also adopts “reinvented” modern Western musical styles, giving a new identity to the Chinese opera is the main foci of The Third of March. To prepare for my performer’s guide to The Third of March, I will discuss Lu Pei’s inspirations from the Guangxi Song Fairs, and the music and culture of the Zhuang people surrounding the date in the Chinese lunar calendar, March Third. For Westerners unfamiliar with Lu Pei’s music, I will briefly introduce the compositional blending of Western and Chinese musical styles with a section about Chinese composers active in the United States, Chen Yi (b. 1953), and Tan Dun (b. 1957). I will also include a brief outline of the history of Chinese opera development, and Lu Pei’s compositional concepts and the background of the opera The Third of March will be discussed. My performer’s guide, the primary focus of this project, will begin by stressing Lu Pei’s adoption of different Chinese folk songs and Western compositional elements. These techniques clearly gave the piece a unique stylistic identity. I will give a brief overview of the Chinese language diction in International Phonetic Alphabet. Finally, the qualities of the main arias in the opera, and some of the Chinese operatic techniques for singers, and their special effects, will be explored. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2020

Einleitung: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) gehören zu den häufigsten und bösartigsten Hirntumoren. Eine vollständige Heilung ist derzeit noch nicht möglich. Ziele: Es wurde ein orthotopes GBM-Xenotransplantat-Modell in der Maus etabliert, optimale Durchführungsprotokolle wurden erstellt und die Wachstumskinetik der Tumoren charakterisiert. Außerdem erfolgte eine lokale therapeutische Intervention mit Komplexen aus Polymeren und siRNAs (small interfering RNAs) bzw. AntimiRs (Anti-micro-RNAs) und der Verlauf wurde mittels Biolumineszenz-imaging (BLI) überwacht. Die tumortragenden Hirne wurden immunhistochemisch untersucht. Neben der Therapie wurden erstmals Tissue Slice Cokulturen aus Maushirnen mit orthotopen Xenotransplantaten hergestellt und durch immunhistochemische Untersuchungen bezüglich des Tumorwachstums und der Invasivität in das umliegende Normalgewebe charakterisiert. Des Weiteren wurde ein subkutanes (s.c.) Xenotransplantat-Modell etabliert, dessen Tumorwachstum mittels BLI überwacht wurde, welches eine therapeutische Applikation von PEI-komplexierten siRNAs enthielt und deren Tumoren mittels Messung der Proteinkonzentration und der Lumineszenz charakterisiert wurden. Mit dieser Arbeit wurden durch die Verwendung von siRNAs bzw. AntimiRs im Rahmen der RNA-Interferenz Strategien entwickelt, mit denen eine Grundlage für die spezifisch auf ein bestimmtes Gen gerichtete GBM-Therapie geschaffen werden konnte. Tiere, Material, Methoden: In insgesamt 190 immundefizienten Mäusen wurden s.c. und orthotope Xenotransplantate aus der Reporterzelllinie G55T2-Luc-GFP hergestellt. Eine Behandlungsgruppe mit s.c. Xenotransplantaten bestand aus 7-8 Tieren. Die Behandlungsgruppe erhielt intraperitoneale (i.p.) Injektionen des PEI-siRNA-Komplexes LP10Y-siLuc3 (LP10Y: AG Aigner, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland, siLuc3: Eurogentec, Belgien), während die Negativkontrollgruppe (NC) i.p. Injektionen mit dem Komplex LP10Y-siLuc2 erhielt. Diese Behandlung erfolgte 3 x wöchentlich über 6-12 d. Das Wachstum der Tumore wurde mit BLI in vivo verfolgt und die Lumineszenz im zeitlichen Verlauf gemessen. Die Tumore wurden lysiert und deren Lumineszenz bezogen auf die Proteinkonzentration gemessen. Für das orthotope Xenotransplantat wurde eine Schraube mit Führungskanal (Screw guide, Plastics One, USA) 1 mm rostral und 2 mm lateral des Bregmas stereotaktisch implantiert. Mit einer Mikroinfusionspumpe und einer Mikrodosierspritze wurden die Zellen über den Führungskanal mit 12 µl/ h in das rechte Striatum injiziert. 5-7 d nach der Inokulation der Zellen erfolgte das Einbringen von 3 µl der PEI-AntimiR bzw. siRNA-Komplexe PEI/antimiR-155-Komplex (PEI: AG Aigner, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland, AntimiR 155-ZEN: Integrated DNA Technologies, USA) bzw. LP10Y-siPLK1 (PLK1: Eurogentec, Belgien). Die Tiere der NC wurden mit den Komplexen PEI/antimiR-NC5-Komplex bzw. LP10Y-siLuc3 behandelt. Zum Vergleich wurde eine Gruppe gar nicht behandelt. Die Behandlung erfolgte 3 x wöchentlich über 12 d. Eine Behandlungsgruppe bestand aus 10 randomisiert verteilten Tieren. Das Wachstum wurde in vivo mit BLI verfolgt. Die Hirne wurden entnommen und mit einem Vibratom Gewebeschnitte erstellt, die mit Kresylviolett gefärbt und an denen mit einer Bildbearbeitungssoftware die Tumorflächen ausgemessen wurden. Außerdem wurden mit einem Mikrotom Paraffinschnitte hergestellt und diese immunhistochemisch beurteilt. Es wurden Tissue Slice Cokulturen aus unbehandelten Tumoren und gesundem Gewebe des Striatums bzw. Cortex erstellt und aus diesen ebenfalls Paraffinschnitte hergestellt, welche immunhistochemisch beurteilt wurden. Ergebnisse: Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass ein Tumorwachstum s.c. injizierter GBM-Zellen in vivo mit BLI verfolgt werden kann und dass die siRNA siLuc3 mit LP10Y erfolgreich in G55T2-Luc-GFP eingeschleust wurde. Bei der Untersuchung der Luciferaseaktivität bezogen auf die Proteinkonzentration der lysierten s.c. Tumoren konnte eine Reduktion der Lumineszenz in der Behandlungsgruppe nachgewiesen werden. Das orthotope Xenotransplantat-Modell wies eine Tumoranwuchsrate von bis zu 96 % und eine Mortalitätsrate von bis zu 0 % auf. Das Tumorwachstum konnte nicht in vivo mit BLI verfolgt werden, da die umliegenden Gewebe die Lumineszenz vollständig abschirmten. Bei den Behandlungen mit LP10Y-siPLK1 und dem PEI/antimiR-155-Komplex konnte histologisch eine Reduktion der Tumorgröße und immunhistochemisch Apoptose und eine Tendenz zur Reduktion der Proliferation und Migration nachgewiesen werden. In der Behandlungsgruppe mit LP10Y-siPLK1 konnte außerdem eine verminderte Expression von PLK1 im Tumorgewebe und eine gesteigerte Überlebensrate nachgewiesen werden. Mit den Tissue Slice Cokulturen konnte festgestellt werden, dass die Xenotransplantate in den verschiedenen Hirnabschnitten unterschiedliches Migrationsverhalten zeigen. Die auf dem Cortex wachsenden Tumore waren kleiner als die auf dem Striatum wachsenden Tumore, wiesen jedoch mehr Migration in das umliegende Hirngewebe und mehr raumforderndes Wachstum im Verhältnis zum nicht raumfordernden Wachstum auf. Das Verhältnis der migrierenden Zellen zur Länge des Tumors des Xenotransplantats im Cortex wies höhere Werte auf als das im Striatum. Schlussfolgerungen: LP10Y eignet sich zur Einschleusung von siRNA und könnte ein vielversprechendes Nano-Therapeutikum darstellen. Das BLI von Luciferase exprimierenden, s.c. Tumoren ist ein gutes Verfahren zur Verfolgung der Wachstumskinetik. Es scheint sich jedoch nicht zur Untersuchung der Transfektionseffizienz von PEI-Komplexen zu eignen, da die Erscheinungsform von Glioblastomen mit Einblutungen, Nekrosen und Zysten sehr verschieden sein kann. Es ist also möglich dass die Tumoren unterschiedlich viele lebende Zellen pro Volumen mit entsprechender Luciferaseaktivität aufweisen. Alternativ dazu ist das Untersuchungsmodell der Lumineszenz bezogen auf die Proteinkonzentration lysierter Tumoren ein geeignetes Verfahren für die Quantifizierung der Luciferaseaktivität und der Transfektionseffizienz von PEI-Komplexen in GBM. Das im Zuge dieser Arbeit etablierte orthotope Xenotransplantat-Modell ist ein valides Modell mit verschiedenen Eigenschaften humaner GBM. Die Ergebnisse aus den Behandlungen der orthotopen GBM mit den PEI-siRNA bzw. AntimiRKomplexen sprechen für eine gute biologische Aktivität, niedrige Zytotoxizität, eine gute Knockdowneffizienz und somit auch therapeutische Effizienz der Komplexe in vivo. Das orthotope Xenotransplantat-Modell und die Tissue Slice Cokulturen stellen geeignete, gut reproduzierbare und genetisch unmanipulierte Modelle dar, welche die Untersuchung von Wachstums- und Migrationsverhalten mit und ohne therapeutische Intervention, sowie des Behandlungserfolges erlauben. Beide Polymere könnten vielversprechende Nano-Therapeutika darstellen. Ein neues exvivo-Modell, in dem die GBM in ihrer natürlichen Umgebung gewachsen sind und sich in der Cokultur weiterhin sehr ähnlich der Originalsituation verhalten können, wurde etabliert. Für die Statistiken wurde, zum Vergleich von Gruppen, der One-Way ANOVA-Test von SigmaPlot 13 verwendet.

Den här rapporten handlar om hur vida det är möjligt att på ett effektivt sätt lagra koldioxid med hjälp av aminbaserade mesoporösa sorbenter i ett slutet system. Det slutna systemet är en byggnad konstruerad av Plantagon och vilken innefattar både en kontorsdel och en växthusdel. I kontorsdelen arbetar människor, vilka genom andningen producerar koldioxid och i växthusdelen produceras bladgrönsaker vilka behöver koldioxid för att växa. Tillförsel av koldioxid till växthuset skulle kunna fås genom den producerade mängden koldioxid från människorna i kontorsdelen. Varför Plantagon konstruerar denna typ av byggnad beror på utmaningen i att producera föda i städerna för att på så sätt minska påverkan på klimatet. Rådande klimatförstörning, vilken till stor del beror av utsläppen av växthusgaser så som koldioxid har koldioxidlagring blivit en viktig fråga i klimatdebatten. Då aminbaserade sorbent-material påvisat goda resultat vid adsorption av koldioxid är dessa material i fokus i denna rapport, även om andra tekniker också påvisat goda resultat. För att på bästa möjliga sätt öka fotosyntesens hastighet och få plantorna i växthuset att växa snabbare krävs tillförsel av koldioxid, vilken beräknats ligga på 1000 ppm under de timmar då fotosyntesen äger rum. Koldioxidförbrukningen för växterna har baserats på de viktigaste parametrarna för plantans tillväxt. Koldioxidförbrukningen för Plantagons växthus grundas på tidigare växthusstudier och varierar mellan 288-720 kg per dag, beroende på vilken planta som odlas, samt vilka tillväxtparametrar som tagits hänsyn till. Värdet för hur mycket koldioxid som maximalt kan produceras i växthusdelen varje dag hamnade på 126 kg. De värden som beräknats fram för växthusets koldioxidförbrukning visade att mellan 288-720 kg koldioxid måste tillföras växthuset varje dag för att hålla en konstant nivå om 1000 ppm i växthuset. Även om 126 kg producerad koldioxid från kontoret tillförs växthuset saknas fortfarande stora mängder koldioxid, vilka måste tillföras växthuset från annat håll. På grund av de stora mängder koldioxid som dagligen behöver tillföras växthuset från annat håll är det troligt att inköp och installation av en adsorptionsanläggning för lagring av koldioxid inte blir den perfekta lösningen på problemet. Genom att göra experimentella försök där okända parametrar för koldioxidförbrukning tas fram är det möjligt att slutsatsen blir annorlunda. / This report focuses on whether it is possible to effectively store carbon dioxide from ambient air using amine-based mesoporous support sorbents in a closed system. The closed system is a building designed by Plantagon, which includes both an office and a greenhouse section. In the office sections people are producing carbon dioxide through the respiration and the plants in the greenhouse needs carbon dioxide to grow. Therefore, the supply of carbon dioxide to the greenhouse section could be obtained by the produced amount of carbon dioxide from the people in the office section. Why Plantagon construct this type of building depends on the challenge of producing food in the cities in order to reduce climate impact. The prevailing disturbances of the climate, which is largely due to emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide storage has become an important issue in the climate debate. Because the amine-based sorbent material demonstrated good results in the adsorption of carbon dioxide, these materials is the focus of this report although other techniques also have shown good results in storing carbon dioxide. The best way to increase the photosynthetic rate and to get the plants in the greenhouse to grow faster, a supply of carbon dioxide is required, which is estimated to be 1000 ppm during the hours when the photosynthesis takes place. The carbon dioxide consumption in the Plantagon greenhouse is based on studies on conventional greenhouses. The needed amount of carbon dioxide varies between 288-720 kg per day, depending on plant, as well as the plants specific parameters of growth. The maximal amount of carbon dioxide that people produce in the office space of the building is 126 kg per day. The calculated values of carbon dioxide consumption showed that quantities of 288 to720 kg carbon dioxide must be supplied to the greenhouse each day to maintain a constant level of 1000 ppm in the greenhouse. Even if the produced amounts of carbon dioxide, 126 kg per day, from the office space are transported into the greenhouse, large quantities of carbon dioxide are still required to keep a constant carbon dioxide level. Therefore carbon dioxide must be supplied to the greenhouse from elsewhere. Due to the high volumes of carbon dioxide that are required in the greenhouse daily, it is likely that the purchase and installation of an adsorption system for the storage of carbon dioxide in the building is not the perfect solution until further investigations are done based up on experimental analyses.

No description available.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2016-08-31T18:10:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Conde Barbosa.pdf: 5376859 bytes, checksum: a79217b2983b4ea5493faeb1ca055b01 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-31T18:10:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael Conde Barbosa.pdf: 5376859 bytes, checksum: a79217b2983b4ea5493faeb1ca055b01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-01 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / In this research I wondered: what all school subjects (students, teachers, principals and other employees) think about the Full-time Education Program (PEI) they belong to; what personal learning and relationships are established at school and what new meanings are developed by these subjects in school space and time. I started conjecturing that relations potentiated by PEI could become or were becoming Knowledge that put teachers, students and principals as protagonists of their action and their life projects. The defended thesis was that if school material and immaterial conditions are followed by an effective construction of a pedagogical proposal by all subjects involved, the Full-time school can be converted into a space in which everyone can learn, not only the curriculum content, but also to relate and to reframe the school environment. I have done a qualitative research with Observations and Interviews in two public schools, one Elementary school (last years) and a High school. Were interviewed students, teachers, area and general coordinators, principals, vice-principals and one coordinator of São Paulo state Secretariat of Education. The subjects´ speeches were grouped according to similarities presented, highlighting those singular and self aspects manifested in their speech and behavior observed by me, resulting in the following categories: a) material and immaterial conditions for program implementation and b) learn and relearn how to interact at different levels and work in the school enviroment. I used as a theoretical reference the Teixeira (1959, 1962), Libâneo, Oliveira and Toschi (2012), Paro (1988a, 1988b, 2010, 2011), Cavaliere (2007), Imbernón (2010) and Dayrell (1996, 2012) studies, among other authors, who research/researched relations between regular schools and full-time schools. The Thesis initial hypothesis was confirmed after my analyzes: relations developed in the participating schools convert these spaces in exchange and relationships sites beyond curricular knowledge, and promote learning that make these subjects promoters of their actions and learning-processes and builders of their life projects. Teachers and the management team are committed and enthusiastic about the work done. PEI offers pedagogical support in continuing education times with the general and area Professors coordinators. This commitment is reinforced and taken by these professionals when they recognize the students´ behavior transformation who become more aware of their role as students and proactive regarding their training, welcoming and integrating new colleagues to the program / Nesta pesquisa, desejei saber: o que pensam os sujeitos que transitam na escola (discentes, docentes, coordenadores, gestores e outros funcionários) sobre o Programa Ensino Integral (PEI), do qual participam; que aprendizagens pessoais e relacionamentos estabelecem na escola; e quais ressignificações são desenvolvidas por esses sujeitos, quanto aos espaços e os tempos escolares. Parti da hipótese de que as relações potencializadas pelo PEI poderiam converter-se, ou estariam convertendo-se, em aprendizagens que colocam docentes, discentes e gestores como protagonistas de sua ação e de seus projetos de vida. A tese defendida foi a de que, se as condições materiais e imateriais oferecidas pela escola forem seguidas de uma construção efetiva de uma proposta pedagógica, por todos os sujeitos, a escola de Ensino Integral poderá converter-se em um espaço no qual todos poderão aprender, não só conteúdos curriculares, mas também a relacionar-se e a ressignificar o espaço escolar. Procedi a uma pesquisa qualitativa, com observações e entrevistas, em duas escolas públicas, uma de Ensino Fundamental – Anos Finais e outra de Ensino Médio. Participaram das entrevistas discentes, docentes, coordenadores gerais e de área, vice-diretores, diretores e uma coordenadora da Secretaria de Educação do Estado de São Paulo. As falas dos sujeitos foram agrupadas de acordo com as similaridades que apresentaram, destacando-se aquilo de singular e próprio que esses sujeitos manifestaram em suas falas e em seu comportamento observado por mim, dando origem às seguintes categorias: a) Condições materiais e imateriais para a implementação do programa e b) Aprender e reaprender a interagir em diferentes níveis e a trabalhar no espaço escolar. Utilizei como referencial teórico os trabalhos de Teixeira (1959, 1962), Libâneo, Oliveira e Toschi (2012), Paro (1988a, 1988b, 2010, 2011), Cavaliere (2007), Imbernón (2010) e Dayrell (1996, 2012) – que pesquisam/pesquisaram as relações dentro de escolas com ensino regular e de escolas com programas ou projetos de educação integral –, dentre outros autores. As análises permitiram-me confirmar a hipótese inicial desta tese: que as relações desenvolvidas nas escolas participantes desta pesquisa convertem esses espaços em locais de trocas e de relações que, para além de conhecimentos curriculares, promovem aprendizagens que tornam esses sujeitos protagonistas de suas ações e de suas aprendizagens e construtores de seus projetos de vida. Os docentes e a equipe gestora são comprometidos e entusiasmados com o trabalho desenvolvido. O PEI oferece suporte pedagógico nos momentos de formação continuada com o professor coordenador geral e com o professor coordenador de área. Esse comprometimento é reforçado e assumido por esses profissionais quando reconhecem a transformação no comportamento dos discentes, que se tornam mais cônscios de seu papel como alunos e proativos em relação à sua formação e ao cuidado com aqueles que chegam à escola, acolhendo e integrando os novos colegas ao programa

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-04-05T12:24:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Selma Oliveira Alfonsi.pdf: 2426377 bytes, checksum: a1be6c2af8879c981143f463359ef4d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-05T12:24:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Selma Oliveira Alfonsi.pdf: 2426377 bytes, checksum: a1be6c2af8879c981143f463359ef4d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research aimed to investigate whether the demands placed on the secondary school teachers are taken into account by the continuing educational processes they have, compared to what they live at school. The option for carrying out this research, focused on the secondary school, is due to the fact that important issues are raise in this context that require assertive teachers mediations, as those issues may have an impact on children and adolescents learning process. We believe that the continuing education in service is an important tool to introduce teachers in their working environment and potencialize their practices. Being able to teach in a secure way and being aware of their choices can help teachers to improve their students learning skills and build their project of life. This is a qualitative research carried out with six school managers (one principal and five coordinators) and 41 teachers from two public schools in the city of São Paulo, that take part in Programa de Ensino Integral -PEI, (that is an educational program which students spend the whole day at school). For data gathering it was applied a questionaire to the teachers and interviews were conducted with the managers. The theoretical approach used was the one related to teaching education field, such as, Canário (1998, 2001), Fullan e Hargreaves (2000), Nóvoa (1992), Marcelo Garcia (1999), Gatti e Nunes (2009), Gatti (2003, 2010), Imbernón (2011, 2009), Libâneo (2015, 2012, 2007), Marcelo (1999), Marcelo e Vaillant (2012), Davis et al. (2012a, 2012b), Shulman (1987). The data analysis was done by using some of the principles of content analysis by Bardin (2011). Data were gathered in two categories: Educational actions: places and the participation of teachers and managers; The teachers education in school: guideliness, themes and teachers opinion about them; 3. The continuing education on the secondary school: challenges and needs. The first hipothesis of this thesis was that the educational processes experienced by the teachers might not help them to face the existing challenges at school. The result showed that, at the schools where this research was held, as they have a systematic teachers educational program, closely wached by the managers, their needs are somehow fulfilled. It was also possible to notice that PEI is a program which brings oportunities to teachers and students to develop their potencialities. It’s worth pointing out the role of the area coordinators in the development of the teachers education in those schools / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral investigar se as demandas dos docentes do Ensino Fundamental II, em relação ao vivido na escola, são contempladas nos processos de formação continuada em contexto dos quais participam. A opção pela formação continuada dos professores no Ensino Fundamental II deve-se ao fato de entendermos que importantes questões emergem nesse segmento, carecendo de mediações assertivas, em razão de as mesmas impactarem, em certa medida, o processo de ensino e aprendizagem de crianças e adolescentes. Acreditamos que a formação continuada em serviço é uma preciosa ferramenta para inserir o professor em seu contexto, e potencializar a sua atuação. Ao exercer sua profissão de forma mais segura e consciente das suas escolhas, o professor poderá auxiliar os seus alunos no desenvolvimento das suas aprendizagens e na construção de seus projetos de vida. Trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com seis gestores e 41 professores de duas escolas estaduais da cidade de São Paulo, que fazem parte do Programa de Ensino Integral (PEI). Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas, aplicado aos professores, e foram realizadas entrevistas com os gestores. Os dados foram analisados, sob os postulados de teóricos que discutem a formação de professores, tais como: Canário (1998, 2001), Fullan e Hargreaves (2000), Nóvoa (1992), Marcelo Garcia (1999), Gatti e Nunes (2009), Gatti (2003, 2010), Imbernón (2011, 2009), Libâneo (2015, 2012, 2007), Marcelo (1999), Marcelo e Vaillant (2012), Davis et al. (2012a, 2012b), Shulman (1987). Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados alguns procedimentos da análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 2011). Os dados foram agrupados nas seguintes categorias: 1. Ações formativas: espaços e participação de professores e gestores; 2. A formação realizada na escola: pautas, temas e o que pensam os professores; 3. A formação continuada no Ensino Fundamental II: desafios e necessidades. A hipótese inicial desta tese era a de que os processos de formação vivenciados na escola, pelos professores do Ensino Fundamental II, não contemplariam as suas necessidades para o enfrentamento do cotidiano da escola. Os resultados indicaram que as escolas investigadas, por contarem com um programa de formação continuada em contexto organizado e sistemático, acompanhado criteriosamente pelo professor coordenador geral e pelos professores coordenadores de área, conseguem atender, em certa medida, às necessidades formativas dos professores. Observamos, também, que o PEI é um programa que traz oportunidades para professores e alunos desenvolverem as suas potencialidades. Vale ressaltar a importância do professor coordenador de área no incremento da formação realizada com os professores especialistas, nessas escolas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-12-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:06:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 chaves_r_dr_rcla.pdf: 4450489 bytes, checksum: 5b01117c004393f9739519688d967670 (MD5) / Este texto foca as relações de poder-saber e os dispositivos advindos de tais relações que se põem diante do desenvolvimento de práticas educativas constituídas a partir de cenários investigativos, com o propósito de intervir em problemas socioambientais locais. Tais práticas são apresentadas, a partir de um viés libertário, como forma de afrontamento e desestabilização aos dispositivos de controle do ensino tradicional de matemática, que serve à pedagogia panóptica e à ideologia do capital, defensora de uma educação voltada para o consumo. Os objetivos destas práticas são: estrategicamente, subverter o que está posto pelo modelo panóptico de educação; taticamente, pensando globalmente e agindo localmente, intervindo em problemas locais para minimizar os impactos socioambientais que degradam o planeta e nos submetem a valores, preconceitos e discursos de submissão e não-liberdade. Mais do que um grito em prol da liberdade, as práticas propostas visam romper com valores que nos atrelam ao instinto de rebanho comprometendo-se com a construção de conhecimentos em prol da liberdade enquanto fim. O respeito à vida, ao indivíduo e, conseqüentemente, ao meio ambiente são princípios balizadores deste trabalho, da mesma forma que o afrontamento ao autoritarismo. / This thesis focuses on power-knowledge relations and the control mechanisms that are in place in those relations, relations that oppose the development of educational practices built within investigative landscapes, proposed with the aim of intervening on socio and environmental local problems. Such practices are presented from a libertarian perspective, as a way to confront and destabilize the control mechanisms of traditional mathematics teaching, which serves a panoptical pedagogy and the ideology of the Capital. The objectives of those practices are: strategically, to subvert what is pushed by the panoptical educational model; tactically, to think globally and to act locally, intervening on local problems, aiming at minimizing the social and environmental impact of situations that degrade life in the planet and subject us to values, prejudices and discourses of submission and non-freedom. More than a cry for freedom, the proposed practices want to break links that attach us to the instinct of herd, committing themselves with the production of knowledge in favor of freedom taken as an end. Respect for life, the individual and, consequently, the environment, are the principles guiding this work, as well as confronting authoritarianism.

Ce travail porte sur l'étude du mélange thermodurcissable - thermoplastique (époxyamine / polyetherimide avec séparation de phase) pour évaluer les performances électriques et thermiques. Ces matériaux seraient des nouveaux candidats pour remplacer la couche d'encapsulation dans les semi-conducteurs, par exemple ceux utilisés comme interrupteur dans les applications électroniques de puissance. Les mélanges de polymères seraient un nouveau candidat en tant qu'isolant pour le système. La matrice epoxy-amine seul et les melanges epoxy / Polyetherimide on été caractérisés par microscopie électronique à transmission, microscopie électronique à balayage, Calorimétrie différentielle à balayage, analyse thermogravimétrique, analyse mécanique dynamique, analyse diélectrique avec simulation analytique et des mesures de conductivité électrique et de tension de claquage ont également été entreprises. Ces techniques complémentaires ont d'abord été utilisées pour étudier la séparation de phases et ensuite pour quantifier la taille des nodules de thermoplastiques dans la matrice thermodurcissable. Cette séparation de phase a été examiné et a montré une diminution des valeurs diélectriques de 15% et une augmentation de la tension de claquage par rapport au système époxy-amine pur. / This work deals with the study of thermoset-thermoplastic blend (epoxy-amine/poly-etherimide phase separated) to assess the electrical and thermal performances. These materials would be new candidates to replace the encapsulation layer in semiconductors, for example ones used as switches in power electronic applications. Polymers blends would be a novel candidate as an insulator for the system. Pure epoxy system as well as Epoxy/Polyetherimide blends where characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, dielectric analysis with analytical simulation, electrical conductivity and breakdown voltage measurements. These complementary techniques were used first to investigate the presence of the phase separation phenomenon and secondly to quantify the separated nodules size. The effect of this phase separation was examined and showed a decrease in the dielectric values of 15 % and an increase in the breakdown voltage compared to the pure epoxy system. It was finally simulated to show a close assumption of what is found experimentally.