本文是研究劉師培的無政府思想，共分六章。本文的目的，主要是希望從劉師的無政 府思想，窺探近代中國傳統與西化之間的問題，以見其在現代中國的起點上，所具有 的意義。同時透過劉師培無政府思想的釐清，為近代中國引介外來思想文化，所衍生 的種種併發影響，作一粗淺的詮釋。 本文是研究一個人的思想。研究個人思想常會比較重視個人的特殊表現，易忽略其具 有之客觀的意義。為了避免這一點，本文把劉師培的無政府思想分為自由、平等以及 革命等三個觀念，與一般無政府主義者的觀念，加以比較分析。並且，在依據當時的 社會的、知識的背景，加以分析評判的前提之下，先考慮思想家本所具有性格、道德 、知識等主觀的因素之後，再考慮他所處的時代環境與其前後的相關人物間的關係。 本文是劉師培為無政府主義者的時候所創辦的「天義」報、「衡」報，以及「民報」 上所發表的文章為研究範圍。遺憾的是，「衡」報除了發刊詞之外，其他現在無法看 到，「天義」報的創刊號、二號、七號、十三號以及十四號今已佚失不可見。可以說 是受有資料上的限制。

HIFU is the upcoming technology for noninvasive or minimally invasive tumor ablation via the localized acoustic energy deposition at the focal region within the tumor target. The presence of cavitation bubbles had been shown to improve the therapeutic effect of HIFU. In this study, we have investigated the effect of HIFU on temperature rise and cavitation bubble activity in ethanol-treated porcine liver and kidney tissues. We have also explored changes in the viability and proliferation rate of HepG2, SW1376, and FB1 cancer cells with their exposure to ethanol and HIFU. Tissues were submerged in 95% ethanol for five hours and then exposed to HIFU generated by a 1.1 MHz transducer or injected into focal spot before HIFU exposure. Cavitation events were measured by a passive cavitation detection technique for a range of acoustic power from 1.17 W to 20.52 W. The temperature around the focal zone was measured by type K or type E thermocouples embedded in the samples. In experiments with cancer cells, 2.7 millions cells were treated with concentration of ethanol at concentration 2%, 4%, 10%, 25%, and 50% and the cell were exposed to HIFU with power of 2.73 W, 8.72 W, and 12.0 W for 30 seconds. Our data show that the treatment of tissues with ethanol reduces the threshold power for inertial cavitation and increases the temperature rise. The exposure of cancer cells to various HIFU power only showed a higher number of viable cells 24 to 72 hours after HIFU exposure. On the other hand, both the viability and proliferation rate were significantly decreased in cells treated with ethanol and then HIFU at 8.7 W and 12.0 W even at ethanol concentration of 2 and 4 percent. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) and HIFU have a synergistic effect on cancer cells ablation. / acase@tulane.edu

Les propriétés complexantes de deux polymères, l'un d'origine biologique (le chitosane) l'autre synthétique (la polyethyleneimine, PEI), ont été mises à profit pour fixer des ions métalliques, au premier rang desquels le mercure. Le procédé de couplage complexation-ultrafiltration permet dans des conditions expérimentales optimisées, d'atteindre des taux de rétention supérieurs à 95 %. Si l'efficacité du chitosane est fortement contrôlée par le pH : rétention négligeable à pH inférieur à 4, et optimale à pH proche de 5,5 ; dans le cas de la PEI, l'influence du pH est moins marqué. La rétention du mercure a été testée dans des solutions binaires (Ni, Zn, Pb et Cu). Les deux macroligands montrent une nette préférence pour le mercure vis-à-vis de métaux tels que Zn, Ni et Pb. Le modèle de filtration sur gâteau se révèle logiquement le plus approprié pour modéliser le colmatage dans le cas de ces expériences menées sur une cellule d'ultrafiltration statique.

No description available.

The inflammatory arthritis Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is linked to the human leucocyte antigen HLA-B27. HLA-B27 is thought to drive AS because it misfolds during assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), inducing ER cell stress. Modulating HLA-B27 folding in the ER is therefore a therapeutic target pathway. The recent discovery of polymorphisms in the ER-resident peptidase ERAP1 that can impact on HLA-B27 and AS, makes ERAP1 one such target. Exosomes are small, typically 50-200 nm sized particles, formed in the endosomal recycling pathway, which can be released into the extracellular environment. Exosomes have a wide range of biological activities depending on the cell type of origin, and on the delivered cargo, which can include bio-active proteins, lipids, mRNA and miRNA. There is interest in the use of exosomes as drug delivery agents. Here, exosomes were studied as a delivery agent to modulate ERAP1, as a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of AS. Exosomes, isolated from cell lines including CEM and Jurkat (T cell lineage), Jesthom (B cell lineage), U937 (monocyte lineage) and the epithelial HeLa cell line, were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry and immunoblotting using markers including CD9, CD63, CD81 and TSG101. Differential expression of these markers in the immune cell lines indicated the complexity of defining exosomes. EVs were then tested using cell penetrating peptides, electroporation, lipid transfection and sonication for their ability to load FITC-siRNA or FITC-antibody as cargo. Significantly, post-loading RNase A or trypsin incubation demonstrated that many techniques do not lead to efficient cargo loading of exosomes. Sonication proved the most effective technique, with up to 30% efficiency. Loading of exosomes with ERAP1-targetted siRNA did not however lead to notable ERAP1 inhibition. The data indicates that external loading of exosomes with cargo remains a significant challenge in developing exosomes as therapeutic tools.

En este artículo, se describe una experiencia de intervención cognitiva, realizada en la universidad, organizada por la Oficina de Apoyo Académico y orientada a la problemática de las dificultades para alcanzar un aprendizaje significativo por parte de nuestros estudiantes. Para ello se aplicó el Programa de Enriquecimiento Instrumental (PEI)[1], con la finalidad de que el alumno sea consciente de su propio proceso de pensamiento, sea capaz de modificar sus hábitos de procesamiento de información y resuelva situaciones problemáticas de física y matemática, desde un enfoque estructurado y organizado, considerando las operaciones mentales necesarias.

No description available.

A major hurdle for exploring RNA interference (RNAi) in a therapeutic setting is still the issue of in vivo delivery of small RNA molecules (siRNAs). The chemical modification of polyethylenimines (PEIs) offers a particularly attractive avenue towards the development of more efficient non-viral delivery systems. Here, we explore tyrosine-modified polyethylenimines with low or very low molecular weight (P2Y, P5Y, P10Y) for siRNA delivery. In comparison to their respective parent PEI, they reveal considerably increased knockdown efficacies and very low cytotoxicity upon tyrosine modification, as determined in different reporter and wildtype cell lines. The delivery of siRNAs targeting the anti-apoptotic oncogene survivin or the serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 (polo-like kinase 1; PLK-1) oncogene reveals strong inhibitory effects in vitro. In a therapeutic in vivo setting, profound anti-tumor effects in a prostate carcinoma xenograft mouse model are observed upon systemic application of complexes for survivin or PLK1 knockdown, in the absence of in vivo toxicity. We thus demonstrate the tyrosine-modification of (very) low molecular weight PEIs for generating effcient nanocarriers for siRNA delivery in vitro and in vivo, present data on their physicochemical and biological properties, and show their efficacy as siRNA therapeutic in vivo, in the absence of adverse effects.

以香港培僑中學為硏究對象 / 論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院敎育學部,1994. / 參考文獻: leaves 147-157 / 林嘉嘉. / Chapter 第一章 --- 硏究問題簡介 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一節 --- 前言 --- p.1 / Chapter 第二節 --- 概念界定 --- p.4 / Chapter 第三節 --- 研究問題 --- p.10 / 註釋 --- p.11 / Chapter 第二章 --- 文獻評´述´ؤؤ硏究的理論 --- p.15 / Chapter 第一節 --- 殖民地教育 --- p.15 / Chapter 第二節 --- BLAU的交換理論 --- p.19 / Chapter 第三節 --- ARCHER及VAUGHAN的「支´配´ؤؤ 抗爭」理論 --- p.20 / Chapter 第四節 --- 香港戰後的發展 --- p.22 / 註釋 --- p.26 / Chapter 第三章 --- 研究方´法´ؤؤ研究問題的評述 --- p.28 / Chapter 第一節 --- 硏究意義 --- p.28 / Chapter 第二節 --- 研究範圍 --- p.28 / Chapter 第三節 --- 研究方法及步驟 --- p.30 / Chapter 第四節 --- 研究限制 --- p.34 / 註釋 --- p.36 / Chapter 第四章 --- 培僑創辦與發展的背景（1946-1966) --- p.37 / Chapter 第一節 --- 中國大陸的政治與教育概況 --- p.37 / Chapter 第二節 --- 中英關係概況 --- p.40 / Chapter 第三節 --- 香港教育概況 --- p.43 / 註釋 --- p.47 / Chapter 第五章 --- 培僑中學的教育方針及運作 --- p.50 / Chapter 第一節 --- 1946-1949 --- p.51 / Chapter 第二節 --- 1949-1958 --- p.56 / Chapter 第三節 --- 1958-1966 --- p.66 / 註釋 --- p.79 / Chapter 第六章 --- 「支配」與「抗拒」的權力關係 --- p.85 / Chapter 第一節 --- 權力主體 --- p.85 / Chapter 第二節 --- 社會交換中之權力運作 --- p.89 / Chapter 第三節 --- 「支配」與「抗拒」 --- p.113 / 註釋 --- p.118 / Chapter 第七章 --- 總結 --- p.125 / Chapter 第一節 --- 培僑在中、港政治影響力衝搫 下的回應 --- p.125 / Chapter 第二節 --- 培僑中學的特色 --- p.126 / Chapter 第三節 --- 培僑中學的生存條件 --- p.128 / Chapter 第四節 --- 政治與教育之相互作用 --- p.129 / Chapter 第五節 --- 本研究的獨特之處 --- p.130 / Chapter 第六節 --- 有待進一步探討的問題 --- p.132 / 註釋 --- p.133 / 後記 --- p.134 / 註釋 --- p.138 / 附錄 --- p.139 / 參考書目 --- p.147

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-15T13:37:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - ?rica Costa Vliese Zichtl Campos.pdf: 3654972 bytes, checksum: 4a6c6369379078062b589e13c247e3eb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-15T13:37:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - ?rica Costa Vliese Zichtl Campos.pdf: 3654972 bytes, checksum: 4a6c6369379078062b589e13c247e3eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Talking about inclusion implies in a change of attitude in relation to the actual social order, contemplating differences such as the point of reflection about the school and the performance of its roles. It means a physical, pedagogical, organizational, and philosophical restructuration of the school. However this process is far away from the reality faced in the Brazilians schools, specially the public ones. With rare exceptions, our schools are not prepared to guarantee an effective participation and development in the school activities for our students with intellectual disability. Because of this reason and the urgency of a further approximation of the public policies of inclusion with the school reality, the objective of this research is to analyze the elaboration and implementation of the Individualized Educational Planning (IEP) for students with intellectual disability in a school of the municipal educational system of Nova Igua?u (state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), from its own curriculum. The investigation is inside the research project ?The schooling of students with intellectual disability: public policies, cognitive processes, and learning evaluations?, with the financial support of The Observatory Program of Education of CAPES. The qualitative research, based on methodological assumptions of the research-action was adopted as methodological procedure. For this purpose it was realized meetings with teachers to reflect about the implementation of the IEP (PEI) in the educational formation of the students with intellectual disability. Data collection procedures used the participant observation (with registry of field diary), documental analysis (files, reports), and semi structured meetings. As the theoretical referential, it was adopted the historical-cultural perspective of Vigotski. The data obtained showed the complexity and fragility which the process of schooling inclusion of these students has been realized in regular classes, as well as the remoteness and difficulty of a collaborative working possibility with the multifunctional resources teacher. It was also noticed that the traditional practices, which have no relation with the curriculum proposal, keep running in the daily activities of students with intellectual disability, making even harder their learning process and development. Concluding, it is important to emphasize the importance of the IEP (PEI), elaborated during the intervention, as an instrument which can help the inclusion of these students. / Falar sobre inclus?o implica numa mudan?a de postura frente ? ordem social vigente, contemplando as diferen?as como um ponto de reflex?o sobre a quest?o da escola e do desempenho de seus pap?is e fun??es. Significa reestrutur?-la f?sica, pedag?gica, organizacional e filosoficamente. No entanto, este processo est? longe de ser uma realidade no cotidiano das escolas brasileiras, sobretudo as da rede p?blica de ensino. Com raras exce??es, nossas escolas n?o est?o preparadas para garantir aos alunos com defici?ncia intelectual, a possibilidade de efetiva participa??o e desenvolvimento nas atividades escolares. Diante do exposto e da urg?ncia de maior aproxima??o das pol?ticas p?blicas de inclus?o com a realidade escolar, o objetivo desta pesquisa ? analisar a elabora??o e a implementa??o do planejamento educacional individualizado (PEI) para alunos com defici?ncia intelectual em uma escola da rede de ensino Municipal de Nova Igua?u, a partir do curr?culo adotado na mesma. A investiga??o est? inserida no projeto de pesquisa ?A escolariza??o de alunos com defici?ncia intelectual: pol?ticas p?blicas, processos cognitivos e avalia??o da aprendizagem?, com apoio financeiro do Programa Observat?rio da Educa??o da CAPES. A pesquisa qualitativa, baseada nos pressupostos metodol?gicos da pesquisa-a??o, foi adotada como procedimento metodol?gico. Para tal, realizamos encontros com as docentes para refletir sobre a proposta do PEI na escolariza??o de alunos com defici?ncia intelectual. A coleta de dados utilizou como procedimentos a observa??o participante (com registro em di?rio de campo), an?lise documental (fichas, relat?rios) e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Como referencial te?rico, empregamos a perspectiva hist?ricocultural de Vigotski. Os dados obtidos revelaram a complexidade e a fragilidade com que o processo de inclus?o escolar desses alunos vem sendo realizado em salas de aula comum, assim como o distanciamento e dificuldade da possibilidade de trabalho colaborativo com o professor de sala de recursos multifuncional. Observamos que pr?ticas tradicionais e sem rela??o com a proposta curricular continuam povoando o cotidiano dos alunos com defici?ncia intelectual, dificultando ainda mais todo seu processo de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento. Por ?ltimo ressaltamos a import?ncia do PEI, elaborado durante a interven??o, como um instrumento que pode auxiliar a inclus?o destes alunos.