Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ThercioHCC_TESE.pdf: 3355689 bytes, checksum: 0848bf4db8c96f8922893ef41d7b36f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work reports the influence of the poly (ethylene terephthalate) textile and films surface modification by plasmas of O2 and mixtures (N2 + O2), on their physical and chemical properties. The plasma surface polymeric modification has been used for many researchs, because it does not affect the environment with toxic agents, the alterations remains only at nanometric layers and this technique shows expressive results. Then, due to its good acceptance, the treatment was carried out in a vacuum chamber. Some parameters remained constant during all treatment, such as: Voltage 470 V; Pressure 1,250 Mbar; Current: 0, 10 A and gas flow: 10 cm3/min, using oxygen plasma alternating the treatment time 10 to 60 min with an increase of 10 min to each subsequent treatment. Also, the samples were treated with a gas mixture (nitrogen + oxygen) which was varied only the gas composition from 0 to 100% leaving the treatment time remaining constant to all treatment (10 min). The plasma treatment was characterized in-situ with Optics Emission Spectroscopy (OES), and the samples was characterized by contact angle, surface tension, Through Capillary tests, Raman spectroscopy, Infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) and atomic force microscopy, scanning electronic Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that oxygen treated fabrics presented high wettability, due to the hydrophilic groups incorporation onto the surface formed through spputering of carbon atoms. For the nitrogen atmosphere, there is the a film deposition of amine groups. Treatment with small oxygen concentration in the mixture with nitrogen has a higher spputered species of the samples / Neste trabalho, investigou-se a influ?ncia do tratamento superficial a plasma utilizando como gases de trabalho o oxig?nio e uma mistura de nitrog?nio + oxig?nio, sobre as propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas de tecidose filmes de Poli?ster. A modifica??o superficial de superf?cies polim?ricas por plasma tem sido bastante utilizada, pois a mesma n?o apresenta agentes nocivos ao ambiente, ?s altera??es promovidas no material s?o de escala nanom?tricas, e comprovadamente ? a t?cnica que tem apresentado resultados mais expressivos. Ent?o, tendo em vista a boa aceitabilidade do uso do plasma em materiais polim?ricos, O tratamento foi realizado em uma c?mara contendo os gases de trabalho sob baixa press?o (~ 1 mbar) mantendo-se constante durante todo ensaio alguns par?metros do plasma, tais como, voltagem: 470 V; press?o: 1,250 mbar; corrente: 0,10 A e fluxo de g?s: 10 cm3/min, usando plasma com atmosfera gasosa de oxig?nio variando-se o tempo de tratamento de 10 - 60 min com incremento de 10 min a cada tratamento subseq?ente, e tamb?m usou-se a atmosfera gasosa composta por uma mistura de nitrog?nio e oxig?nio, variando a concentra??o gasosa dos mesmos (de 0 100%), para um tempo de tratamento de 10 min. O tratamento por plasma foi caracterizado in-situ com o auxilio da Espectroscopia de Emiss?o ?tica,e as amostras foram caracterizadas por medidas de ?ngulo de contato, tens?o superficial, arraste capilar, espectroscopia Raman, Espectroscopia de infravermelho de reflex?o total atenuada (IR-ATR), e microscopia de for?a at?mica (AFM), Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV) e por espectroscopia de fotoel?trons excitados por raios-X (XPS). Os resultados mostraram que tecidos tratados com atmosfera de oxig?nio apresentaram elevada molhabilidade, devido a incorpora??o de grupos hidrof?licos na superf?cie formados com o arrancamento de ?tomos de carbono. Para a atmosfera de nitrog?nio, tem-se a deposi??o de um filme com base em em grupos aminas. Tratamentos com a concentra??o pequena de Oxig?nio numa mistura com Nitrog?nio tem-se maior arrancamento de esp?cies das amostras

Regeneration, a spontaneous response of bones in response to injuries, infections and fractures, is severely compromised in certain clinical circumstances. Unfortunately, several shortcomings are associated with the current treatment of bone grafting method such as donor shortage and immune response for allografts and donor morbidity for autografts. Thus, the development of clinical alternates is essential. One promising adjunct method is bone tissue engineering that includes the implantation of a scaffold containing the cells with the supplementation of suitable growth factors. Among the various classes of materials, biodegradable polymers are commonly preferred because their use does not necessitate a secondary surgery for their removal after the intended use. Commercially available polymers such as poly (lactic- co- glycolic acid) and polycaprolactone are expensive and degrade slowly. This motivates the development of novel synthetic biodegradable polymers that are affordable and can be tuned to tailor for specific biomedical applications. The primary aim of this thesis is to synthesize effective biodegradable polymers for drug delivery and bone tissue engineering. The properties of these polymers such as modulus, hydrophobicity and crosslinking etc. were tailored based on the variations in chemical bonds, chain lengths and the molar stoichiometric ratios of the monomers for specific clinical applications. Based on the above variations, degradation and release kinetics were tuned. The cytocompatibilty properties for these polymers were studied and suitable mineralization studies were conducted to determine their potential for bone regeneration.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucieneMR_DISSERT.pdf: 3721446 bytes, checksum: 16ced8820ae92014f7d8c365770f515c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-11 / In the present research work, composites were prepared using pine apple leaf fibres (PALF) as reinforcement with unsaturated polyester resin as matrix, incorporating with fire retardant at different compositions. The PALF was obtained from the decortication of pine apple leaves obtained from Ramada 4 from Ielmo Marinho in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The unsaturated polyester resin and the catalyzer were bought from the local establishment. The fire retardant, aluminium tri-hydroxide - Al(OH)3 was donated by Alcoa Alum?nio S.A and was used in the proportions of 20%, 40% and 60% w/w. Initially the fibres were treated with 2% NaOH for 1 hour, to remove any impurities present on the fibre surface, such as wax, fat, pectin and pectate, in order to have a better adsorption of the fibres with the matrix as well as the flame retardant. The fibre mat was prepared in a mat preparator by immersion, developed in the Textile Engineering Laboratory, at the UFRN. The composites (300x300x3 mm) were prepared by compression molding and the samples (150x25x3 mm) for analysis of the properties were cut randomly using a laser cutter. Some of the cut samples were used to measure the smoke emission and fire resistance using UL94 standard. Mechanical tension-extension and flexural properties were carried in CTG?s RN and the Laborat?rio de Metais e Ensaios Mec?nicos Engenharia de Materiais UFRN , as well as SEM studies were carried out at N?cleo de Estudos em Petr?leo e G?s Natural - UFRN . From the observed results, it was noted that, there was no marked influence of the fire retardant on the mechanical properties. Also in the water absorption test, the quantity of water absorbed was less in the sample with higher concentration of fire retardant. It was also observed that the increase in the proportion of the fire retardant increased the time of burning, may be due to the compactness of the composite due to the presence of fire retardant as a filling material even though it was meant to reduce the rate of inflammability of the composite / Na presente pesquisa foram desenvolvidos comp?sitos com fibras da folha do abacaxizeiro (PALF - Pineapple Leaf Fiber), utilizando resina de poli?ster insaturado como matriz, incorporando retardante de chama em diferentes composi??es. As fibras da folha do abacaxizeiro foram obtidas na ramada 4 do munic?pio de Ielmo Marinho no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. A resina de poli?ster insaturado e o catalisador foram comprados no com?rcio. O retardante de chama de alumina trihidratada (hidr?xido de alum?nio - Al(OH)3) foi doado pela empresa Alcoa Alum?nio S.A. e foi utilizado em propor??es de 20%, 40% e 60% do peso do material utilizado na fabrica??o dos comp?sitos. As PALFs foram tratadas com 2% de hidr?xido de s?dio, por 1 hora, para eliminar as impurezas superficiais tais como ceras, gorduras, pectinas e pectatos, para que houvesse uma melhor ades?o da matriz ?s fibras, bem como do retardante de chama. As mantas de fibras foram preparadas num preparador de manta por imers?o, desenvolvido no Laborat?rio de Engenharia T?xtil da UFRN. Os comp?sitos (300x300x3 mm) foram moldados por compress?o e as amostras (150x25x3 mm) para an?lise das propriedades foram cortadas, em diferentes posi??es da placa do comp?sito com aux?lio de uma m?quina de laser. As propriedades mec?nicas de tra??o e flex?o em tr?s pontos foram realizadas no CTG?s RN e no Laborat?rio de Metais e Ensaios Mec?nicos de Engenharia de Materiais da UFRN. Os testes da emiss?o de fuma?a e resist?ncia ao fogo foram realizados no Laborat?rio de Engenharia T?xtil da UFRN, utilizando a norma UL94. As amostras resultantes das propriedades mec?nicas foram avaliadas no MEV do N?cleo de Estudos em Petr?leo e G?s Natural da UFRN. Com base nas an?lises dos resultados nos ensaios mec?nicos, observou-se que o retardante de chama n?o tem influ?ncia significativa. Tamb?m observou-se que no ensaio de abosor??o de ?gua, quanto maior a concentra??o de retardante de chama, a quantidade de ?gua absorvida ? menor. No teste de inflamabilidade, observou-se que quanto maior a concentra??o de retardante de chama, maior o tempo de queima. Pode ser conclu?do que a presen?a de retardante de chama, al?m de atuar como inibidor de chama, tamb?m atua como uma carga que influ?ncia a compacta??o do comp?sito e desta forma reduz a taxa de queima

Este proyecto tiene como objetivo la implementación de algoritmos para la detección de defectos en las telas poliéster. Como sabemos, desde sus inicios la industria ha utilizado avances tecnológicos no sólo para optimizar los procesos de fabricación sino también para mejorar la calidad de los productos. Ahora, si bien, no es posible evitar las fallas que alteran la calidad de las telas poliéster, sí es posible su detección mediante una inspección visual dentro del proceso de fabricación. En el presente estudio se realizó algoritmos de procesamiento de imágenes mediante el uso de librerías del software LabView para la detección de defectos en las telas poliéster, basándonos en muestras de telas con manchas comunes (MC), manchas de aceite (MA) y puntadas erróneas (PE), las cuales nos permitieron realizar varias pruebas experimentales, utilizando un módulo de pruebas a pequeña escala el cual fue fabricado según el tamaño de las muestras de tela, con la utilización de la técnica de iluminación lateral doble, y basándonos en el análisis del histograma de la imagen original de las muestras de telas, se lograron obtener parámetros numéricos que permitieron la detección de manchas comunes, manchas de aceite y puntadas erróneas, basado en el histograma de cada imagen, el cual muestra la cantidad de píxeles (tamaño de imagen) y la intensidad que se encuentra comprendido en un rango de 0-255 (siendo 0 el valor mínimo y 255 el valor máximo), se logró parametrizar numéricamente cada rango de valores de detección para el caso de MC un rango de valores de intensidad de cada pixel, obteniendo como resultado un intervalo de detección para MC de 0-195 y para el caso de las MA obteniendo como resultado un intervalo de detección de 167-194, que ayudaron en la realización del algoritmo para cada tipo de defecto, que validaron lo planteado en un inicio en la presente investigación. This project takes the implementation of algorithms to detect faults in fabrics polyester. Now, though, it is not possible to avoid the faults that alter the quality of fabrics polyester, the detection is possible by means of a visual inspection of the product inside the manufacturing process. This study carried out algorithms of image processing through the use of libraries from LabView software for detection of defects in fabrics polyester, based on samples of fabrics with Common Stains (MC), Oil Stains (MA) and Erroneous Stitches (PE), which allowed us to carry out several experimental tests, using a module of small scale tests which was manufactured according to the size of the fabric samples , using the technique of double side lighting, and based on histogram analysis, we have managed to obtain parameters that allowed the detection of Common Stains, Oil Stains and Erroneous Stitches. In the case of common stains, was parameterized numerically every range of detection values for the case of MC a range of values of each pixel intensity, resulting in a detection interval for 0-195 MC and the case of the MA resulting in a 167-194 detection interval.

Le sujet de cette thèse concerne l’élaboration de copolymères greffés possédant un squelette poly(1,4-butadiène) et une haute densité de greffons polaires. La synthèse de copolymères à squelette strictement poly(1,4-butadiène) et possédant une haute densité de greffons selon un enchaînement strictement tête-à-tête a été réalisée par polymérisation par ouverture de cycle par métathèse (ROMP) de monomères cyclobutène 3,4-disubstitués. Le choix des greffons polaires s’est porté sur des poly(Ɛ-caprolactone)s (PCL) et des poly(L-lactide)s (PLLA) obtenus par polymérisation par ouverture de cycle (ROP). Ces polyesters aliphatiques qui présentent une biocompatibilité élevée et une (bio)dégradation rapide, sont utilisés dans de nombreuses applications biomédicales. De plus, les copolymères greffés à greffons polyester peuvent donner accès à des nanomatériaux poreux suite à leur organisation en solution ou à l’état solide, suivie de l’hydrolyse des chaînes polyester.Les copolymères greffés poly(1,4-butadiène)-g-polyester ont été synthétisés selon les stratégies grafting through et grafting from, à partir d’inimers (initiator-monomer) cyclobutène portant une ou deux fonctionalités alcool, capable d’amorcer la ROP du L-lactide ou de l’ Ɛ-caprolactone. La stratégie grafting through a, dans un premier temps, été étudiée. Des macromonomères polyester de type PCL ou PLLA ont été synthétisés. La ROMP de ces macromonomères a conduit à des copolymères greffés poly(1,4-butadiène)-g-polyesters en forme d’étoile de structure définie et dont la densité des greffons est parfaitement contrôlée. La stratégie grafting from a, quant-à-elle, permis d’accéder à des copolymères greffés en forme de peigne. L’organisation des architectures macromoléculaires obtenues a été visualisée par microscopie à force atomique (AFM) et microscopie électronique à transmission (TEM). / The objective of this work was the preparation of graft copolymers with a poly(1,4-butadiene) backbone and a high density of polar grafts. We used a consecutive Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)/Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) route to prepare poly(1,4-butadiene)-g-polyesters from cyclobutenyl macromonomers bearing one or two polyester segment(s) derived from L-lactide (L-LA) or Ɛ-caprolactone (Ɛ-CL). Poly(L-lactide)s (PLLA) or poly(Ɛ-caprolactone)s (PCL) are important polymers as they are easily (bio)degradable and have tremendous applications as engineering plastics and within the biomedical field. An attractive feature of polyester-grafted copolymers is their potential to act as building blocks for nanomaterials synthesis thanks to the hydrolytically degradable polyester grafts. Cyclobutenyl polyester macromonomers bearing one and two PCL or PLLA arms have been successfully prepared by organocatalyzed ROP of Ɛ-CL or L-LA from a cyclobutenyl alcohol acting as an initiator. Subsequent "grafting through" by ROMP using Grubbs’ second generation catalyst afforded poybutadiene brushes featuring pendant polyester (PLLA or PCL) side-chains. This efficient ROP/ROMP two-step approach has thus allowed the synthesis of well-defined poly(1,4-butadiene)-g-polyester copolymers. The synthesis of graft copolymers via the grafting from approach by ROMP and ROP was also studied. ROMP of 3,4-disubstituted cyclobutenes containing one and two initiating hydroxyl sites for ROP was first investigated with ruthenium initiators. The resulting well-defined poly(1,4-butadiene)s were then used as macroinitiators for the ROP of L-LA or Ɛ-CL. After the ROP, brush copolymers with high molecular weight have been obtained and characterized by microscopy.

This master´s thesis deals with influence of mica content on the electrical properties of electrical insulating varnishes, particularly in the polyester resin Dolphon XL 2102. It focuses on diagnostic methods and testing the properties of electroinsulating varnishes. Examines the potential benefits of micronised mica in order to achieve better electrical insulation properties of the system compared to the matrix. The composite material consists of polyester resin Dolphon XL 2102, which is modified different mass percentage of micronized mica. The results of this project are frequency dependencies of real and imaginary parts of complex permitivity of varnish component.

I Europa råder det en ökad oro för sensibiliserande ämnen i textil, vilket har aktualiserats eftersom den Europeiska Kemikaliemyndigheten (ECHA) mottagit ett förslag om begränsning av hudsensibiliserande ämnen inom textil- och läder. Ett stort antal dispersionsfärgämnen, som används för att färga polyester, har sensibiliserande egenskaper. Syftet med studien är att undersöka förekomst av allergena dispersionsfärgämnen och färghärdighet mot tvättning samt nötning i textila plagg köpta från aktörer utanför EU. Färgämnens tendens att lämna plaggen tillsammans med mikroplaster analyserades också genom att tvättvatten samt viktförlust vid nötning undersöktes. Det laborativa resultatet kompletterades med litteraturstudier och intervjuer med forskare inom ämnet. Polyesterplagg köpta från aktörer utanför EU valdes att analyseras eftersom privatpersoner vid privatimport är ansvariga för varors kemikalieinnehåll, men ofta har bristande kunskaper gällande kemikalierisker och regleringar. Allergena dispersionsfärgämnen i halter över 10 mg/kg, enligt använd OEKO-TEX metod, identifierades inte i plaggen. Lägre halter än 10 mg/kg av allergena dispersionsfärgämnen hittades i plaggen och riskbedömning visade att en av halterna möjligtvis kunde indikera en risk. Färgförlust hos plaggen noterades vid tvättning och nötning. Plaggens färgändring bedömdes ungefärligt uppfylla utgivna minimikrav för färgändring. I tvättvattnet observerades mikroplast och färgutsläppt vid tvättemperaturer 40 °C och 60 °C. Ingen mätbar viktförlust orsakades vid nötning av plaggen med 7500 varv som högsta varvtal. Studiens slutsats är att antalet dispersionsfärgämnen som klassificeras som allergena ökar och att konsumenter upplever allergiska symptom vid köp av nya textila varor med nära exponering. Fyra av de sex undersökta plaggen är förmodligen färgade med förorenande färgämnen innehållande allergena dispersionsfärgämnen. Förekomst av allergena dispersionsfärgämnen i låga halter bör förebyggas eftersom de kan imitera sensibilisering hos individer. Gränsvärden för allergena dispersionsfärgämnen från miljö- och hälsocertifieringsorganisationerna BLUESIGN och OEKO-TEX är troligen inte tillräckligt låga för att undvika allergiska reaktioner. Om aktuellt EU- begränsningsförslag gällande hudsensibliserande ämnen i textil och läder införs, kommer gränsvärdena behöva sänkas. / In Europe, there is a growing concern regarding the safety of textile sensitisers, which has become more discussed since the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) has received a proposal to limit skin sensitisers within textiles and leather. A large number of disperse dyes, used to color polyester, have sensitising properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of allergenic disperse dyes and their colorfastness to washing and abrasion for textile garments purchased from markets outside the EU. The tendency of the dyes to leave the garments together with microplastics was also analyzed by examining washing water and weight loss during abrasion. The laboratory results were supplemented with a literature study and interviews with researchers in the subject. Polyester garments purchased from markets outside the EU were chosen to be analyzed because private individuals who import garments are responsible for the chemical content of the goods, but often have a lack of knowledge regarding chemical risks and regulations. Allergenic disperse dyes in concentrations above 10 mg/kg, according to the OEKO-TEX method, were not identified in the garments. Concentrations lower than 10 mg/kg of allergenic disperse dyes were found in the garments and risk assessment showed that one of the levels could possibly indicate a risk. Loss of color in the garments was noted during washing and abrasion. The garment’s color change was estimated to approximately meet issued minimum requirements for color change. In the wash water microplastics and dyestuff were observed at wash temperatures of 40 ℃ and 60 ℃. No measurable weight loss was caused when the garments were abraded with 7500 rub as highest number of rubs. The study concludes that the number of disperse dyes classified as allergenic is increasing and that consumers are experiencing allergic symptoms from new textiles with close exposure that they have purchased. Four of the six examined garments are probably dyed with contaminated dyes containing allergenic disperse dyes. The presence of allergenic disperse dyes in low concentrations should be prevented as they may mimic sensitisation in individuals. Limit values for allergenic disperse dyes from environmental and health certification organizations BLUESIGN and OEKO-TEX are probably not low enough to avoid allergic reactions. If the current EU restriction proposal regarding skin sensitisers in textiles and leather is introduced, the limit values will need to be lowered.

The large amount of non-degradable plastic waste has become a significant environmental concern, leading to an increased need for degradable plastics. Here in, to create degradable polymers, polyesters were produced through radical ring opening polymerization using cyclic ketene acetals. The cyclic ketene acetal monomer 5,6-benzo-2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane has been prepared for the synthesis of homo- and copolymers with methyl methacrylate, α-methylene-γ-valerolactone, α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone, cholesterol methacrylate and limonene acrylate. The polymerization was conducted using radical ring opening polymerization both in bulk and solution polymerization. The structural characteristics of the polymer were determined by different characterization methodologies, including TGA, DSC, SEC, FTIR and 1D 1H-NMR. The results obtained from 1H-NMR analysis showed the composition of the copolymers. TGA analysis revealed the thermal stability of the polymers and their degradation patterns. DSC analysis provided information about the glass transition temperatures (Tg’s) of the polymers. Moreover, the Tg indicated the presence and amounts of comonomers in the copolymers. Overall, the results showed the influence of different comonomers on the properties of the polymers by successfully incorporating the comonomers in the polymer. The thermal properties for polymers containing methyl methacrylate became more thermally stable. The Tg, analyzed with DSC, shifted from the Tg of homopolymers indicating the incorporation of both monomers. The polymers were successfully degraded via hydrolysis in alkaline conditions breaking them down into smaller pieces making them easier to recycle. To conclude, the results all indicate that the incorporation of BMDO and thereby possibly other CKA-monomers into the polymer chains of commonly used plastics could provide valuable tools in the recycling of said plastics.

No description available.

SammanfattningUrban kids är ytterfunktionskläder för citybarn. Projektet har gått ut på att utveckla funktionskläderför höst och vintersäsong som står i kontrast till outdoor- och sportföretagens estetiska värde. Målgruppen är modeintresserade stadsföräldrar som inte drar sig för att betala det lilla extra för att få en produkt som går i linje med deras livsstil. Syftet med arbetet var att ta fram underlag för att visa att det går att göra tekniskt funktionella ytterfunktionskläder för barn som inte klär sig sportigt.Med hjälp av idégenereringar och en mood board, ett bildkollage för känslan som produkten ska utstråla, har ett koncept arbetats fram under stilnamnet “rockig lekfullhet”. Detta blir ett koncept som är en motsats till det sportiga uttrycket.Genom hela projektets gång har designprocessen varit en vägledning för att nå målet. Detta innebäratt arbetet började med en grundläggande research inom material, miljö och certifieringar, funktionskläders uppbyggnad, konkurrenter, säkerhet och riktlinjer för barnkläder samt användareoch målgrupp. Vidare fortsatte processen med idégenerering och skissning för att ta fram tre koncept som efter utvärdering mot en funktionsanalys skulle resultera i ett slutgiltigt koncept för vidareutveckling.Slutresultatet är en jacka och byxa i skalmodell, vilket gör att plaggen kan användas under en längre period under säsongen. De mest utsatta delarna är försedda med en grövre, mer slitstark textil. Kulörvalet på denna modell är svart. Detta på grund av att den inspirerats av en rockigare attityd, där svart ofta förekommer, men det är inte det enda argumentet. Svart är en mer neutral kulör då plaggen är anpassade för både pojkar och flickor. Det är även en praktisk kulör då smuts inte framträder lika tydligt som om plagget skulle vara i till exempel en ljusare kulör.En annan viktig aspekt som det fokuserats på under projektet är material som går i linje med ett hållbart tankesätt. Fokus har legat på att hitta ett funktionsmaterial som stödjer detta. I researchfasenframkom membranet Eco Storm från den japanska tillverkaren Teijin. Detta material är ett polyestermembran som levereras med en yttertextil av återvunnen polyester.Som slutsats till detta arbete har det framkommit att det går att göra funktionskläder med citykänsla.Detta är inget nytt, speciellt inte inom vuxensegmentet, men skillnaden är att man väljer bort de tekniska funktionsmaterialen för barnkläder. Med Urban kids är detta nu ett alternativ även för barn. / AbstractUrban kids- Functional apparel for rough environmentsUrban kids is functional apparel for city children. The aim for this project is to develop functional clothes for the autumn and the winter season which provides a contrast to the designs presented today by outdoor and sports companies. The target group is fashion oriented city parents that do not hesitate to pay a little extra for a product representing their life style. This project provides a foundation of information to support the idea that it is possible to design technically functional outer wear for children without the sporty look.By using brainstorming and a mood board, a picture collage which gives the essence of the product, the concept “rocky playfulness” was developed. This concept is a contrast to the sporty expression.Throughout the whole project the design process has been the guide to reach the goal. This means that the project started with a primary research on materials, sustainable issues and eco-certificate, competitors, safety and guidelines for children’s wear and requirements from the user and the target group. The process continued by brainstorming and sketching in order to present three concepts. By evaluation using a function analysis one final concept was chosen for further processing.The result is a jacket and a pair of trousers as shell garments in order to use it a longer period of time during the season. The parts of the clothes mostly exposed, are enhanced with stronger, more hardwearing fabric. The choice of colors is black. This is due to the inspiration by a rocky attitude where black is often seen, but it is however not the only reason. Black is a more genderneutral color suitable for both boys and girls. It is also a practical color considering that dirt doesn´t appear as clearly as if the garment had a brighter color.One other important aspect of this project is to use material coherent with recycling and a sustainableway of thinking, focusing on finding functional material which supports this. During the research the material Eco Storm, from the Japanese manufacturer Teijin, was found. It is a polyestermembrane with an outer fabric made of recycled polyester.The conclusion of this project is that it is possible to produce/design functional wear with an urban feeling. This is in itself nothing new, it has been used in adult clothing, but the difference is that the technical function materials are excluded in the children’s wear. With Urban kids this is now also an option for the children.