Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:32:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 David_Tadeu_Morettini.pdf: 919575 bytes, checksum: 0b639a4e13c60123a3f36765e2bc8613 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-01-12 / Skills and competency based pay systems were developed as an alternative way of establishing employees' salaries in companies that underwent major changes in their organic structure and that perform in a changing and competitive environment. This work had the objective to assess the degree of employees' satisfaction to this new way of rewarding their contributions to organizational results. The study started with the contextualization of the remuneration systems, in inside and outside organizational environment. Then, it was based on theories and researches in organic structure, employees' work satisfaction, traditional application systems and skills and competency pay system in the arrangement of wages. The question raised in the study was Skills and competency based pay systems are instruments really effective for establishinging the employees' salaries?. This question was accomplished through the exploratory research with people that work in companies that use the skills and competency based pay systems. The choice of people was intentional and was made based on the Snow ball practice. The research was made with communication boarding and collected data though auto-administrate surveys. The research measurement used a scale with two extremes: completely agree and completely disagree to the constructs. The results are submitted demonstrating people agreement percentage with the constructs that determine the satisfaction or dissatisfaction degree on the skills and competency - based pay systems. To a better understand enjoy the research results, the constructs answered by participants were classified in: (a) system's concepts and theoretical basis; (b) system's objectives and its links with the organizational strategy; (c) system's management principles and; (d) system's perceived equity. These categories were valid to indentify the causes of skills and competency - based pay systems satisfaction or dissatisfaction. / Os sistemas de remunera????o por habilidades e compet??ncias s??o formas alternativas de se estabelecer a remunera????o de funcion??rios em empresas que passaram por mudan??as em sua estrutura organizacional e que competem em um ambiente inst??vel e competitivo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o grau de satisfa????o dos funcion??rios em rela????o a estas novas formas de recompensar suas contribui????es aos resultados organizacionais. O estudo teve in??cio com a contextualiza????o do sistema de apoio denominado remunera????o nos ambientes intra e interorganizacional. Depois, procurou apresentar as teorias e pesquisas realizadas no campo da estrutura organizacional, da satisfa????o do funcion??rio em rela????o ao trabalho, da aplica????o de sistemas tradicionais de remunera????o e de sistemas de remunera????o por habilidades e compet??ncias. A quest??o levantada com os dados secund??rios foi: Os sistemas de remunera????o por habilidades e compet??ncias s??o instrumentos realmente eficazes para determinar o sal??rio dos funcion??rios?. Esta quest??o foi verificada atrav??s de uma pesquisa explorat??ria com pessoas que trabalham em organiza????es que utilizam o sistema de remunera????o por habilidades e compet??ncias. A escolha dos participantes foi efetuada de forma aleat??ria atrav??s da utiliza????o da t??cnica denominada Bola de Neve. A pesquisa utilizou a abordagem de comunica????o e os dados foram coletados atrav??s de surveys auto-administradas. A mensura????o da pesquisa utilizou uma escala com dois extremos: total concord??ncia e total discord??ncia com as afirmativas. Os resultados s??o apresentados demonstrando o percentual de concord??ncia das pessoas em rela????o ??s afirmativas que determinam o grau de satisfa????o ou insatisfa????o sobre os sistemas de remunera????o por habilidades e compet??ncias. Para compreender os resultados da pesquisa, as afirmativas respondidas pelos participantes foram categorizadas em: (a) conceituais sobre o sistema; (b) por objetivos - rela????o entre o sistema e a estrat??gia da organiza????o - ; (c) administrativas - como o sistema ?? gerenciado - e; (d) sobre a eq??idade percebida sobre o sistema. Esta categoriza????o permitiu saber as causas da satisfa????o ou insatisfa????o em rela????o aos sistemas de remunera????o por habilidades e compet??ncias.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:57:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho investiga a função de reação de política monetária, seguindo a abordagem da Regra de Taylor para avaliar o desempenho dessa política, conduzida pela Reserva Federal (FED), pelo Banco do Japão (BOJ) e pelo Banco Central Europeu (ECB), durante o período selecionado para a pesquisa. Considerou-se para a análise, tanto para o FED como para o BOJ, o período de janeiro de 1990 até junho de 2008; enquanto que para o ECB, em virtude da constituição da Área do euro, a análise abrange janeiro de 1998 a junho de 2008. Inicialmente, é realizada a revisão da literatura sobre discricionariedade versus regras de política monetária, em que são apresentados alguns resultados empíricos sobre o uso de regras na condução da política monetária. Num segundo momento, faz-se uma abordagem sobre como estão estruturados os bancos centrais e os sistemas de pagamentos dos países selecionados. Além disso, traçam-se considerações sobre o regime monetário e cambial de cada economia e faz-se também uma breve retrospectiva da c / This work investigates the function of reaction of monetary policy following the approach of the Taylor Rule to evaluate the performance of this policy, lead for the Federal Reserve (FED), for the Bank of Japan (BOJ) and for European Central Bank (ECB), during the period selected for the research. It was considered for the analysis, as much for the FED how much for the BOJ, the period of January 1990 until June 2008; whereas for the ECB, in virtue of the constitution of the Euro Area, the analysis encloses January 1998 until June 2008. Initially, the revision of literature on discretion versus rules of monetary policy is made, where some empirical results on the use of rules in the conduction of the monetary policy are presented. At as a moment, approach becomes on as the central banks and the systems of payments of the selected countries are structuralized. Moreover, considerations are traced on the monetary and exchange regimen of each economy and become one brief retrospective of the management of the mone

Cette thèse de doctorat a pour objet d’évaluer les effets potentiels d’une concurrence accrue sur le marché de la santé. Elle porte une attention particulière aux effets de la concurrence sur l’efficacité allocative du système de santé en termes de soins et de dépenses de santé. Dans leur ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent que les effets canoniques de la concurrence ne s’appliquent pas nécessairement au marché de la santé, et détaillent des circonstances dans lesquelles une hausse de la concurrence pourrait nuire au bien-être social. Cette thèse comporte une introduction et trois chapitres (articles académiques), chacun portant sur un aspect diffèrent de l’efficacité du système de santé. Le premier chapitre analyse l’impact de la concurrence sur les pratiques de soins hospitaliers et leur régulation par tarification prospective. Le second chapitre détaille les enjeux de régulation liés à la nature incomplète de l’information sur les patients au moment de choisir la procédure de soins à adopter, à commencer par la décision de mettre en œuvre des tests de diagnostic supplémentaires. Le dernier chapitre de cette thèse discute les conséquences possibles de l’asymétrie qui peut exister entre fournisseur de soins public et privé en termes d’obligation de couverture et pouvant être appliqué au marché de l’aide à domicile des personnes âgées. / The purpose of this thesis is to study the potential effects of an increased competition between health-care providers on the allocative efficiency of the health-care system. In a theoretical framework it discusses the effect of competitive pressure considering the decentralization of treatment decisions, diagnostic tests’ performance, and the organization of care coverage. It is composed of an introduction and three chapters (essays), each of them focusingon a different aspect of the health-care system efficiency. Our findings globally suggest that the canonical effect of competition does not necessarily applies to the health-care market,and detail circumstances in which competition could degrade social welfare. The first chapter analyses the impact of competition on hospitals’ treatment praxis and their regulation through fixed-repayments. The second chapter details the regulation issues related to the incomplete nature of the information on patients’ illness before the decision to perform diagnostic tests.The last chapter of this thesis discusses the possible outcomes of the asymmetry of obligation of services between public and private competitors in an application to the home-care market for the elderly.

<p><p>Rapporten tar upp och behandlar ämnet betalväxlar utifrån en utvecklares perspektiv. Två företag som varit i eller nära inpå processen att utveckla en webbshop har intervjuats och jämförts med utbudet hos ett antal olika betalväxlar. Intervjuerna har visat ett resultat som är mycket troligt att man som ny utvecklare kommer i kontakt med i början. Positionen kan då vara både som utvecklare eller som ägare till webbshoppen. Det gick även att konstatera att det fanns ett antal betalväxlar lämpade för olika kunskapsnivåer. Professionell hjälp i form av råd och implementation måste inte tvunget vara en nödvändighet för att man ska kunna sätta upp en relativt avancerad webbshop.</p></p> / <p><p>This report deals with online Payment Service Providers (PSPs) from the developer's point of view. Two companies that were in or in close connection to the process of developing a web shop were interviewed and compared to the suppöy of payment options at a number of different payment PSPs. The interviews has shown a result which is probable that a new developer will get in contact with in the beginning. The position could be either as a web developer or as an owner of a web shop. It was also possible to establish that there were a number of PSPs suitable for different levels of knowledge within the field. Professional help such as advices and implementation is not necessary in order to be able to set up a relatively advanced web shop.</p></p>

A día de hoy un amplio número de propuestas han aparecido para intentar ofrecer sistemas de pago seguros y frameworks para realizar transacciones de pago. Sin embargo, a pesar de estas propuestas, todavía quedan determinados aspectos por cubrir.Desde el punto de vista de los sistemas de pago, las características a mejorar para los escenarios del tipo B2C (Business to Customer) de productos electrónicos son el no repudio y el intercambio equitativo. El uso de monederos electrónicos puede contribuir a incrementar la seguridad estos sistemas, facilitar la movilidad del dinero electrónico y su uso en distintos escenarios. Sin embargo, actualmente su uso para realizar pagos en la red es reducido. El principal problema que presentan las soluciones de pago basadas en monederos es la necesidad de que los distintos vendedores incorporen el uso de dispositivos hardware con módulos SAM (Secure Application Module) que pueden llevar a que el proceso de pago sea lento.Por otro lado, cada vez existen más protocolos de pagos, con distintas características y que según éstas se adaptan mejor a la compra de unos determinados productos o servicios en determinados escenarios. Para facilitar el uso de distintos protocolos de pago en un mismo escenario aparecen los frameworks de pagos. Sin embargo, hasta ahora, no existenframeworks de pagos suficientemente genéricos que contemplen todos los elementos necesarios para utilizar estos protocolos de una forma genérica.En respuesta a estas necesidades este trabajo de tesis presenta distintas soluciones. Por un lado presenta dos soluciones de pago basadas en monedero inteligente que pretenden facilitar el uso de estos dispositivos de una forma progresiva. En primer lugar, facilitando el pago con los monederos existentes y, en segundo lugar, proponiendo un nuevo monedero que facilite su uso para pagos en la Web.Por otro lado se han definido distintos frameworks de pagos que permitirán la adquisición de los principales tipos de productos y servicios electrónicos: contenidos Web, contenidos distribuidos bajo streaming, servicios Web y, finalmente, servicios multimedia basados en sesiones. Estos frameworks se basan en la definición de varios componentes genéricos, como son los wallets para soportar distintos protocolos de pago, un protocolo de pagos genérico que soporta la negociación y elección de las opciones de pago a utilizar y sus precios y, finalmente, la descripción de la información de pago de una forma genérica.[ / ]Nowadays a large number of proposals have emerged to offer secure payment systems and frameworks to perform payment transactions. However, in spite of these proposals, there are still some issues to be covered.From the payment systems point of view, the features to improve in B2C (Business to Customer) scenarios of electronic products are non repudiation and fair exchange. The use of e-purses can contribute to increase the security of these systems, facilitating the mobility of electronic money and its use in different scenarios. However, currently its use to make payments on the Internet is reduced. The main problem that payment-based solution present is the requirement, for vendors, of incorporating hardware devices with SAM (Secure Application Module) modules that could lead the payment process is slow.On the other hand, there are more and more payment protocols, with different features and that depending on them can be adapted better to the purchase of certain products or services in specific scenarios. With the aim of facilitating the use of different payment protocols in the same scenario, payment frameworks appeared. However, until now, there is no payment frameworks secure enough that take into account all the elements needed to use these protocols in a generic way.As a response to these needs, this PhD thesis presents several solutions. On the one hand, we propose two payment solutions based on e-purse that intend to facilitate the use of these devices progressively. Firstly, by facilitating the payment with the existing e-purses and, secondly, by proposing a new e-purse that facilitates the use of e-purses to make payments on the Web.On the other hand, different payment frameworks that will allow the purchase of the main types of electronic products and services (Web contents, contents distributed by streaming, Web services and multimedia services based on sessions) have been defined.These frameworks are based on the definition of several generic components, as wallets for supporting the negotiation and choice of payment options to use and their prices, and, finally, the description of payment information in a generic way.Thus, the proposals presented offer secure payment protocols based on e-purses and different frameworks for the main electronic products and services that facilitate the use of the protocols as well as any other payment protocol. Furthermore, these proposals can improve the use of payment systems in a trusted way.

This thesis is concerned with a very dynamic and, at the same time very topical, subject -, namely payment services. Nowadays most payments for goods and services are realised by means of cashless payments. The thesis defines several sections, or partial objectives. The main objective is the characteristic features of payment systems used in the Czech Republic , followed by the analysis of the contemporary payment transactions in the Czech Republic ? organisation. The partial objectives describing payment transactions in the European Union, evaluating payment instruments in practice emphasising topical trends in this area.

Rapporten tar upp och behandlar ämnet betalväxlar utifrån en utvecklares perspektiv. Två företag som varit i eller nära inpå processen att utveckla en webbshop har intervjuats och jämförts med utbudet hos ett antal olika betalväxlar. Intervjuerna har visat ett resultat som är mycket troligt att man som ny utvecklare kommer i kontakt med i början. Positionen kan då vara både som utvecklare eller som ägare till webbshoppen. Det gick även att konstatera att det fanns ett antal betalväxlar lämpade för olika kunskapsnivåer. Professionell hjälp i form av råd och implementation måste inte tvunget vara en nödvändighet för att man ska kunna sätta upp en relativt avancerad webbshop. / This report deals with online Payment Service Providers (PSPs) from the developer's point of view. Two companies that were in or in close connection to the process of developing a web shop were interviewed and compared to the suppöy of payment options at a number of different payment PSPs. The interviews has shown a result which is probable that a new developer will get in contact with in the beginning. The position could be either as a web developer or as an owner of a web shop. It was also possible to establish that there were a number of PSPs suitable for different levels of knowledge within the field. Professional help such as advices and implementation is not necessary in order to be able to set up a relatively advanced web shop.

E-handeln befinner sig i en stor tillväxt och det finns inga direkta indikationer på att det kommer avta. En fundamental del inom e-handel är själva betalningen och betalningsprocessen. Ett väl fungerande betalningssystem är av yttersta vikt för företag som bedriver e-handel för att kunna konkurrera inom den allt mer konkurrensutsatta marknaden. Trots att e-handeln blir allt mer omfattande för varje år existerar det fortfarande en osäkerhet för konsumenten vad gäller betalningar som sker via Internet. 38 % av svenska konsumenter har någon gång avbrutit ett köp, där den vanligaste anledningen beror på att de inte fick betala som de ville. Har en potentiell kund kommit så pass långt som till själva betalningen vore det ytterst olyckligt om denne skulle avbryta ett köp på grund av betalningslösningen. Avsikten med denna studie är att redogöra för olika faktorer och eventuella barriärer som har påverkan på konsumenterna i relation till betalningssystem. Vidare avser studien att redogöra för hur dessa barriärer påverkar svenska konsumenters köpintention vid e-handel mellan företag och konsument. Detta utförs via en kvalitativ undersökning baserat på semi-strukturerade intervjuer utifrån ett konsumentperspektiv. Slutsatserna visar bland annat att e-handelsföretag och utvecklare bör lägga stor vikt på att tillgodose flera betalningsalternativ, ta stor hänsyn till god användbarhet, tillgodose någon form av säkerhetsfunktion, exempelvis BankID samt tydliggöra information om betalningsprocessen. Utöver detta finns en stark relation mellan konsumenternas förtroende för företaget och konsumenternas förtroende gentemot betalningssystemet. / E-commerce appears in a great time of growth and there's no clear indications of decrement. An important factor in e-commerce is the payment and the payment process. A well-functioning payment system is very important for companies operating in e-commerce to compete within the increasingly competitive market. Despite the fact that e-commerce is becoming more widespread every year there are still barriers that creates uncertainty and inconvenience for customers regarding the payment and the payment process. 38 % of Swedish customers have once canceled a purchase, where the most common reason refers to that they couldn't pay the way they wanted. If a potential customer have reached the payment itself it would be very unfortunate if the customer cut off the purchase due to the payment solution. The purpose with this study is to account for various factors and eventual barriers in the context of payment that affect customers. Furthermore, the study intends to present and explain how these barriers affect Swedish customers´ purchase intention. This is conducted through a qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews from a customer perspective. The conclusions show that e-commerce companies and payment system developers should focus on to accommodate multiple payment system choices, good usability, accommodate some kind of security function, i.e. BankID and clarify information regarding the payment process. In addition, there is a strong relationship between customers trust in the company and customers trust in the payment system.

В данной работе проведен анализ влияния корпоративной культуры на рабочие процессы, выявлены проблемы, возникающие на предприятиях при формировании корпоративной культуры, предложены варианты их решения. Составлена полная модель предприятия, рассмотрены существующие процессы построения коммуникаций в ИТ-подразделении и описаны методики, позволяющие оценить эффективность проекта и проанализировать его результаты. Также проведено планирование проекта,оценка рисков, оценка эффективности от внедрения проекта в ИТ-подразделение ООО «Газпром трансгаз Екатеринбург», в том числе и экономической. Практическая значимость заключается в том, что методы, описанные в данной работе, могут являться обоснованием для масштабирования информационной системы социальных коммуникаций в ООО «Газпром трансгаз Екатеринбург». / In this paper, we analyzed the impact of corporate culture on workflows, identified problems arising in enterprises in the formation of corporate culture, and suggested solutions for them. A complete enterprise model has been compiled, existing communications building processes in the IT department have been reviewed, and methodologies have been described to evaluate the effectiveness of the project and analyze its results. Also, the project was planned, a risk assessment, an assessment of the effectiveness of project implementation in the IT division of Gazprom Transgaz Yekaterinburg LLC, including economic. The practical significance lies in the fact that the methods described in this paper may be the rationale for scaling the social communications information system in Gazprom Transgaz Yekaterinburg LLC.

The goal of the thesis is to analyze chosen electronic payment systems. The thesis is divided into two parts -- theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is dedicated to cover types of electronic payment system. Also is devoted to the issues of certain legal aspects that are common to all payment systems; defines the necessary concepts and business entities commonly encountered in the payment processing environment. Practical part focuses on the evaluation of usability, safety and usefulness for merchants mainly working with credit cards and particularly with alternative payment system like PayPal, iDEAL, Sofortbanking and Webmoney. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of certain payment systems. Describes the practical applicability of PCI DSS and 3-D Secure protocol.