Submitted by Valquíria Barbieri (kikibarbi@hotmail.com) on 2017-06-09T21:32:13Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Rosineide Maria da Conceição.pdf: 1996699 bytes, checksum: b695bc159db12ef115e1fd95ea0e1052 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2017-06-10T16:37:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Rosineide Maria da Conceição.pdf: 1996699 bytes, checksum: b695bc159db12ef115e1fd95ea0e1052 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-10T16:37:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Rosineide Maria da Conceição.pdf: 1996699 bytes, checksum: b695bc159db12ef115e1fd95ea0e1052 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-30 / Este estudo foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Programa de Mestrado em Estudos de Linguagem, na Linha de Pesquisa “Práticas textuais e discursivas: múltiplas abordagens”. Buscou desenredar o(s) discurso(s) que permearam a campanha a prefeito de Cuiabá em 2012, tal como fora veiculada no Horário Gratuito de Propaganda Eleitoral pela televisão aberta (doravante HGPE/TV), no segundo turno, disputado por Mauro Mendes, filiado ao Partido Socialista Brasileiro (PSB) e Ludio Cabral, filiado ao Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT). Teve por objetivo: apreender as relações interdiscursivas que permearam as propagandas do HGPE/TV; compreender como as propagandas políticas se construíram como cenas de enunciação (cena englobante, cena genérica e cenografia); compreender de que modo o ethos do enunciador participa da construção da cenografia; discutir especificidades do debate político no HGPE/TV. Tais objetivos não esgotaram as possibilidades de estudo que tal objeto oferecia, mas é o que se apresentava como passível de realização no momento. Foi uma pesquisa arquivista, com a diferença de que se pôde observar o arquivo em se fazendo, uma vez que se acompanhou, dia a dia, o que o HGPE/TV levava ao ar para a população cuiabana, em meio a que estavam os eleitores que poderiam fazer um ou outro candidato vitorioso. O estudo foi balizado pela Análise de Discurso (AD) da vertente francesa, utilizando os seguintes conceitos: interdiscurso, polêmica, cenas de enunciação (cena englobante, cena genérica e cenografia) e ethos. Os conceitos explorados na dissertação foram tratados, principalmente, na companhia de Dominique Maingueneau, um analista de discurso da escola francesa que tem mostrado a fecundidade desse paradigma interpretativo na leitura de qualquer tipo de enunciado, incluindo os enunciados multimodais como são os enunciados do HGPE/TV. A análise mostrou a polêmica em torno do “alinhamento”, um argumento de campanha reivindicado pelo candidato do PT e rebatido pelo do PSB, bem como em torno da “competência administrativa”, reivindicado pelo candidato do PSB e rebatido pelo do PT. / This study was conducted within the scope of the Master Program in Language Studies, in the Research Line “Textual and discursive practices: multiple approaches”. It sought to disentangle the discourse(s) which permeated the campaign for mayor of Cuiabá in 2012, as it is made public in the Free-time Political Propaganda on television (hereinafter HGPE/TV), in the second round, disputed by Mauro Mendes, affiliated to the Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) and Ludio Cabral, affiliated to the Workers’ Party (PT). It aimed to: apprehend the interdiscursive relationships which permeated the HGPE/TV advertisements; understand how the political advertisements were crafted as enunciation scenes (enclosing scene, generic scene and scenography); understand how the ethos of the enunciator participates in the construction of the scenography; discuss specificities of the political debate in the HGPE/TV. Such objectives have not exhausted the possibilities of study that this object offered, but it is what was presented as achievable at the time. It was an archival research, with the difference that it was possible to observe the file in the making, by following day by day what was being broadcast by the HGPE/TV to the population of Cuiabá, among those the electors that could make one or the other winning candidate. The study was marked by the Discourse Analysis (DA) of the French strand, using the following concepts: interdiscourse, polemic, enunciation scenes (enclosing scene, generic scene and scenography) and ethos. The concepts explored in the dissertation were addressed mainly in the company of Dominique Maingueneau, a discourse analyst of the French school that has shown the fruitfulness of this interpretative paradigm in the reading of any type of statements, including multimodal statements as are the utterances of the HGPE/TV. The analysis showed the controversy around the “alignment”, an argument of campaign claimed by the PT candidate and rebutted by that of the PSB, as well as in relation to “administrative competence”, claimed by the PSB candidate and rebutted by the PT candidate.

Submitted by Carolina Gonçalves da Silva null (1285769@fclar.unesp.br) on 2017-07-02T02:35:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO Carolina Silva.pdf: 3173708 bytes, checksum: e6838a7dbc0e4701a05f8e96f5622f30 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-07-04T17:19:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cg_me_arafcl.pdf: 3173708 bytes, checksum: e6838a7dbc0e4701a05f8e96f5622f30 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-04T17:19:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cg_me_arafcl.pdf: 3173708 bytes, checksum: e6838a7dbc0e4701a05f8e96f5622f30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo desta investigação é compreender, a partir de uma perspectiva bakhtiniana, a produção do discurso polêmico na esfera jornalística. Mais especificamente, observaram-se os sentidos em circulação na polêmica da maconha, tal como ela se manifesta no gênero discursivo capa de revista. O corpus é constituído por seis capas de publicações semanais brasileiras (Veja, Carta Capital, Isto É e Época), veiculadas entre 2012 e 2016. A análise desse material foi baseada no aporte teórico-metodológico do chamado Círculo de Bakhtin, Medviédev e Volochínov, que propõe uma abordagem dialógica do discurso. As reflexões se organizaram, principalmente, em torno dos conceitos de dialogia, signo ideológico, enunciado concreto, gênero discursivo, esfera de atividade humana e polêmica. Tal interpretação dialógica do discurso consiste em entender a linguagem enquanto produto da interação entre sujeitos históricos e socialmente organizados. Esse ponto de vista permitiu compreender o diálogo sobre a maconha na imprensa para além da polêmica aberta, geralmente reduzida a oposições como proibir/legalizar. A partir dessa perspectiva, verificou-se a existência de uma disputa velada pela legitimidade de enunciar sentidos para o signo “maconha” - em sua relação indissociável com outros signos, como “legalização”, “drogas” e “descriminalização”. As análises levaram, portanto, à identificação de um espaço de instabilidades na imprensa brasileira. Nesse campo, a polêmica insinuada se materializa sutilmente na articulação das dimensões verbal e visual dos enunciados e se faz presente, também, naquilo que não foi dito, mas que, ainda assim, os constitui. Tal recorrência da temática da maconha no gênero discursivo capa de revista - capaz de produzir relevâncias e debates públicos -, é entendida como indício de transformações sociais e conflitos ideológicos reais, em pleno e constante desdobramento. Esses embates colocam em jogo, além da significação da palavra (cristalizada na língua e no senso comum), avaliações socialmente compartilhadas sobre determinadas práticas e políticas históricas, bem como as imagens de sujeito, que também são produzidas e ressignificadas pelo/no discurso sobre a droga. Foi possível, ainda, notar como as estabilidades relativas do gênero discursivo e os valores constitutivos da esfera jornalística afetam a forma de refração dos acontecimentos, a construção das enunciações e a produção de realidades postas em circulação pela mídia. Finalmente, esta pesquisa buscou analisar a polêmica enquanto acontecimento discursivo, fenômeno histórico e social, como reflexo/refração de embates políticos, econômicos e ideológicos reais, produzidos na constante interação dialética entre infra e superestruturas. Espera-se, assim, que o trabalho contribua para apontar outras leituras possíveis do discurso polêmico, para além das dicotomias e discórdias declaradas. / The purpose of this investigation is to understand, from a Bakhtinian perspective, the polemical discourse produced within the journalistic sphere. More specifically, we observe the meanings that have been negotiated inside the dispute over marihuana manifested on the cover of magazines, seen as a discourse genre. The corpus is composed by six covers of Brazilian weekly magazines (Veja, Carta Capital, Isto É and Época), published between 2012 and 2016. Its analysis was based on the theoretical and methodological approach proposed by the group of intellectuals known as the “Bakhtin, Medvedev and Voloshinov Circle”, who developed a dialogical approach to the discourse. Reflections were mainly centered on the notions of dialogue, ideological sign, concrete utterance, discourse genre, sphere of human activity and polemic. This dialogical interpretation of the discourse proposed by the Circle consists of understanding language as a product of the interaction between historical and socially organized subjects. That viewpoint allowed us to comprehend the dialogue about marihuana on the press beyond the explicit polemic, usually reduced to oppositions such as prohibit it /legalize it. From this perspective, we verified the existence of a latent dispute for the legitimate power of enunciating meanings for the sign “marihuana” in its unbreakable relation with other signs as “legalization”, “drugs” and “decriminalization”. Therefore, the analyses led us to the identification of a space of instability in the Brazilian press, where the hidden polemic is subtly materialized on the articulation between the verbal and visual dimensions of the utterances and also on its non-verbalized part, which yet constitutes them. The reoccurrence of the theme of marihuana in that discourse genre (which is able to produce relevant issues and public debate) is taken as a clue to understand social changes and real ideological conflicts in plain and constant development. This implicit polemic destabilizes not only the signification of the word (crystalized on the language and on the common sense), but it has also allowed the negotiation of social judgments concerning historical practices and policies, as well as the transformation of the images of subjects, which are produced and transformed by/on the discourse. Besides that, we could notice how the relative stabilities of the discourse genre and the constitutive values of the journalistic sphere affect the refraction of the facts, the construction of the utterances and the production of realities spread by the media. Finally, this research tried to comprehend polemic as a discursive event, a social and historical phenomenon, and as a reflection/refraction of real political-economic and ideological conflicts, produced by the constant dialectical interaction between infra and superstructures. As a result, this work is expected to contribute to point out possible ways of reading the polemic discourse beyond dichotomies and declared controversies.

Orientador: Sirio Possenti / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T06:23:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_EdvaniaGomesde_D.pdf: 3386013 bytes, checksum: d0f7b946a79f58b15f845eb23f442032 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo analisar a relação interdiscursiva que constitui e atravessa dois movimentos religiosos da Igreja Católica: Teologia da Libertação e Renovação Carismática Católica. Para tanto, apresenta-se um estudo da semântica global desses dois posicionamentos. Com base na relação entre os diferentes planos do discurso (práticas, ethos, cenografia, dêixis, intertextualidade e polêmica), procura-se verificar como se constitui o espaço de trocas (interdiscurso) que antecede a gênese dos discursos da TL e da RCC. Dessa forma, o estudo da semântica global, feito com base na análise de diferentes pistas textuais, é visto como um indício que ajuda a compreender o funcionamento do interdiscurso. O eixo central das discussões desta pesquisa se situa na noção de semântica global, proposta por Maingueneau (1984), segundo a qual todos os planos do discurso estão integrados e contribuem para a constituição de um corpo discursivo. O corpus da pesquisa é formado por diferentes gêneros (artigos de jornais e revistas, livros, documentos, panfletos publicitários, letras de música, etc.) que constituem a prática interdiscursiva dos dois posicionamentos estudados. A metodologia de pesquisa utilizada está centrada no dispositivo teórico-analítico da Análise de Discurso. Os resultados das análises revelam que os dois posicionamentos discursivos analisados (Teologia da Libertação e Renovação Carismática Católica), apesar de partilharem de um mesmo espaço discursivo (ou exatamente por isso), apresentam semânticas globais que se recusam mutuamente / Abstract: The main objective of this work is to analyze the interdiscursive relation that constitutes and traverses two religious movements of the Roman Catholic Church: Theology of Liberation (TL) and Catholic Charismatic Renovation (CCR). Thus, it presents a study of the global semantics of these two positions. Based on the relation between different planes of discourse (practices, ethos, scenography, deixis, intertextuality and polemic), it tries to verify how the space of exchanges (interdiscourse) that precedes the genesis of the discourses of TL and CCR is constituted. In this way, the global semantic study based on the analysis of different textual traces is considered as an index that helps you to understand the operation of the discourse. The central axis of the discussions in this research is situated in the notion of global semantics, proposed by Maingueneau (1984), and according to it all discourse planes are integrated and they contribute for the constitution of a discursive body. The corpus is constituted by different genders (newspaper and magazine articles, books, documents, pamphlets, lyrics, etc.) that integrate the interdiscursive practice of the two studied positions. The research methodology is founded on the theoreticalanalytical framework of Discourse Analysis. The results reveal that, despite sharing the same discursive space (or exactly for this reason), the two discursive positions analyzed (Theology of Liberation and Catholic Charismatic Renovation), have global semantics which refuse one another / Doutorado / Doutor em Linguística

O presente trabalho procura analisar a polêmica judaico-cristã em relatos de martírio durante a perseguição romana aos cristãos até o século IV. Abordaremos as principais temáticas que compunham essa polêmica em outras fontes cristãs e judaicas para indicar um cenário possível que pudesse alimentar conflitos entres os dois grupos religiosos. Defenderemos que essa rivalidade presente no discurso dos líderes servia para demarcar a alteridade religiosa e que não necessariamente era vivenciada pelo conjunto dos fiéis em conformidade com os textos, sobretudo, quando a identidade judaica e a identidade cristã estavam em construção. Mesmo em um momento crítico de perseguição religiosa, a multiplicidade de manifestações religiosas tanto no judaísmo quanto no cristianismo, contribuiu para a circulação de práticas, de crenças e para um contato mais estreito entre judeus e cristãos nesses primeiros séculos. Defenderemos que apesar da concepção de martírio judaico ser diferente da concepção cristã é possível estabelecer relações entre os dois martirológios. As Atas dos Mártires dão alguns indícios de que o conceito de martírio cristão desenvolvido pelo cristianismo gentio estabeleceu essa afirmação de alteridade diante de sua matriz judaica. / The aim of this work is to analyze the Judeo-Christian polemics in martyrdom reports produced during the Roman persecution of Christians until the fourth century. We will cover the main themes that made up this controversy in other Christian and Jewish sources to indicate a possible scenario that could fuel conflicts between both religious groups. We will defend that this rivalry in the discourse of leaders served to demarcate the religious otherness and that it was not necessarily experienced by all the faithful according to the texts, especially when Jewish identity and Christian identity were under construction. Even at a critical time of religious persecution, the multiplicity of religious manifestations in both Judaism and Christianity contributed to the circulation of practices, beliefs and to a closer contact between Jews and Christians in those early centuries. We will argue that despite the difference between the Jewish and the Christian conception of martyrdom, it is possible to establish relations between the two martyrologies. The Acts of the Martyrs give some evidence that the concept of Christian martyrdom developed by Gentile Christianity stated the otherness from its Jewish mother.

Le Père Jésuite François Garasse reste un écrivain du premier XVIIe siècle assez connu et peu étudié en dépit de son abondante production polémique, publiée entre 1614 et 1626. Son œuvre est réputée illisible, par les valeurs qu’elle défend et la violence qu’elle déploie, par sa longueur et son manque de consistance, par son style même, enfin. Cependant, les travaux sur le libertinage ont conduit à s’intéresser à la figure du libertin telle qu’il la dessine dans sa Doctrine curieuse. De telles études invitent à reconsidérer le Père Garasse, qui apparaît comme le jésuite polémiste le plus lu et le plus connu entre 1617 et 1626, et comme un prédicateur à succès. L’ensemble de son œuvre, cependant, ne fait encore à ce jour l’objet d’aucune étude spécifique. Le Père Garasse, qui participe à l’ensemble des querelles de son temps, est étudié ponctuellement, de façon fragmentaire, et n’est que très peu analysé en tant que tel. Ce projet se propose d’inverser les perspectives, en s’intéressant au Père Garasse, non pas sous l’angle du libertinage ou du jansénisme naissant, mais sous l’angle qui est le sien, celui de la Réforme catholique et de ses combats, celui de la Compagnie de Jésus et de ses intérêts. Il s’agit d’envisager son œuvre polémique dans son ensemble et pour elle-même, d’un point de vue double, philosophique, théologique et moral d’une part, littéraire d’autre part ; il s’agit de s’attacher à établir s’il existe une pensée du Père Garasse, et à déterminer les formes par lesquelles elle s’énonce. Son œuvre, essentiellement polémique, est également à étudier dans le rapport qu’elle tisse avec les autres œuvres de son temps, qu’il s’agisse de rapports d’opposition, ou de filiation. Ce projet vise donc à mettre en perspective l’œuvre du Père Garasse, à la replacer dans le contexte de son époque, polémique et rhétorique, pour mieux en dégager la spécificité littéraire et philosophique. / Father François Garasse remains a jesuit writer of the first seventeenth century quite known and little studied, despite its abundant controversy production, published between 1614 and 1626.His work is deemed illegible, by the values it defends and the violence it deploys, by its length and lack of consistency, by its style, finally. However, works on libertinism led to interest in the figure of the libertine as he draws it in his Doctrine curieuse . Such studies invite to reconsider Father Garasse, which appears as the jesuit polemicist most read and most famous between 1617 and 1626, and as a successful preacher. His work, however, has not been studied yet in a whole. Father Garasse, who participates in all the quarrels of his time, is the subject to intermittent, piecemeal analysis. This project aims to reverse perspectives, focusing father Garasse, not in terms of libertinism or nascent Jansenism, but from his angle : Catholic Reformation and its fighting, Society of Jesus and its interests. His polemical work will be considered as a whole and for herself, in a double point of view, philosophical, theological and moral on one hand, and literary on the other hand ; the aim is to establish if there is a thought of Father Garasse, and to identify the ways in which it is stated. The link between his work, essentially polemical, and other works of his time will also be considered, whether adversarial or affiliation. This project aims to put into perspective the work of Father Garasse, to replace it in the polemic and rhetoric context of his time, in order to better identify his literary and philosophical aspect.

The present thesis examines probably the ultimate focal point in the history of the Christian South Caucasian Cultures – the Caucasian Schism that occurred in the early seventh century – a major scandal that ended the ecclesiastical communion between the Georgian and Armenian Churches and gave impetus to the rise of the so-called national Churches. The schism became the central point of reference in both medieval and modern Caucasian historiographies. Modern scholarship has advanced different claims concerning the nature, reasons and results of the Schism, in many cases arguing that almost all aspects of the respective cultures have been affected by the Schism. As for medieval Armenian historical narratives, they made a good conceptual use of the schism, presenting the schism as a major interpretive schema for the explanation of all aspects of their relations with their northern neighbours. Contrary to such view, I argue that our knowledge of the reasons behind the schism and theological controversies that preceded, accompanied or followed the Schism in the sixth century is in most cases determined by the conceptual framework created in the Middle Ages together with the changes in political state of affairs in the Caucasus. In the period between the tenth to thirteenth centuries, when all major South Caucasian powers were struggling for the unification of the Caucasus under their aegis, the remembrance of the schism became particularly important. The remembrance and indeed forgetting of the Caucasian unity and separation became a rhetorical tool in medieval Armeno-Georgian debates. Therefore instead of taking the Schism at face value, I propose to abandon the traditional liminalist perception of the history of unity and separation in the Caucasus, and adopt a more rewarding approach, that is to say to try to understand when, why and by whom were the crucial events of the Late Antique Caucasian history conceptualized and adapted for contemporary ideological needs.

This thesis examines Nietzsche’s relationship to Socrates through his positive philosophy of education, arguing that the latter is crucial to resolving the apparent contradictions of the former. While there is a good deal of literature dealing with Nietzsche’s criticisms of the educational system of his day, there is relatively little on his own account of what education should be. I point out that the Greek conception of agon (roughly “contest” in English), is central to Nietzsche’s understanding of education, and informs his ideal of the student-mentor relationship. This is the model on which, I contend, Nietzsche’s relation to Socrates needs to be interpreted. Such an interpretation helps to make sense of, and reconcile, the divergent pictures of Socrates Nietzsche presents in his texts, which are sometimes admiring and imitative, sometimes hostile and contemptuous, and have led to conflicting interpretations within the scholarship on this subject. My analysis aims to shed new light on both the figure of Nietzsche’s Socrates, and Nietzsche’s philosophy of education, by relating these to one another.

The thesis mainly studies social-historical co(n)texts to understand the polemic in Revelation against the so-called ‘Jews’ and a self-professed prophetess named ‘Jezebel’ (Rev 2-3). The enquiry centres on two areas: (1) the underlying issues to the polemic against the abovenamed contenders, and (2) a reading of a polemical technique in the text against prophetess ‘Jezebel’ through a specific web of associations involving two ‘Jezebels’ and a great harlot. Preliminary studies provide the framework for the main enquiry. ‘Historical anchorage’ is attained in the echoes/allusions of the beast from the sea-abyss to emperor Titus (Ch. 2) and the ‘Satanic trio’ and their cult (Rev 13) to the Flavian dynasty and cult (Ch. 3). A real crisis for Christians is seen late in Domitian’s time involving pressure from the Flavian provincial temple, widespread false accusations of άθεότηζ άσέβεια or maiestas and pressures from Domitian’s rigorous exaction of the Jewish tax. These matters are seen to implicate both Jewish and Gentile Christians (Ch. 4). The figure of the beasts, the social pressure from the imperial cult, and the vulnerability of Christians reflected in these preliminary studies contribute to a fuller understanding of the anti-Judaistic polemic. There are reasons to think that the anti-Judaistic polemic in Rev 2:9-10 and 3:9 is not aimed at the Jewish community per se, but acts to discourage Christians from feigning affiliation with the synagogue to escape social pressure from the imperial cult. There is a growing importance of the imperial cult towards the end of the first century C.E. in Asia Minor, and a judaizing tendency among some Christians there late first century and beyond. Importantly, Rev 14:9- 11 reflects the author’s major concern about (1) participation in the imperial cult and (2) Christian ‘judaizing’ behaviour (the mark of beast as tefillin worn by outsiders to Rabbinic Judaism). Under the author’s creative hand, the beast from the land/false prophet becomes the ‘Satanic’ source of pressure to these two aspects (cf. 13:11-17; Ch. 5). The second major part demonstrates a polemical technique in the text that binds the prophetess ‘Jezebel’ with an OT Queen and the Great Harlot (Rev 17-18). Social meals with drinking parties in guilds/associations and the imperial cult could have been a common context for allurements to sexual immorality and eating idol-food that ‘Jezebel’ advocates. I construct a picture of the prophetess ‘Jezebel’, who perhaps doubles as a patroness of a trade guild incorporating members from the Thyatiran church. Pagan ‘mysteries’ could have been a part of her activities (Ch. 6). I also examine the Great Harlot within the Graeco-Roman context giving attention to her depiction as tyrannical and sexually immoral queens and assimilated goddesses, such as Isis, Cybele, Aphrodite and Roma (Ch. 7). The OT Queen Jezebel is also studied within her social-historical context. She is seen to take on the image of the ‘woman at the window’ (2 Kgs 9:30), reflective of goddess Astarte or her temple servant. Her role as the ‘הבׂבג’ (great lady; 2 Kgs 10:13) and queen mother also fits that of another goddess, Asherah, whose prophets she hosts (Ch. 8). The destruction of Queen Jezebel and that of the Great Harlot contain a polemic against pagan deities they both embody. The prophetess veering into pagan grounds of idolatry is bound tightly with them and is indirectly castigated for her syncretistic practices (Ch. 9). Overall, the author’s polemic in Revelation acts to deter Christians from veering into the grounds of ‘Satan’—the imperial cult and the synagogue (as the author puts it)—and against behaviours, such as sexual license and eating food offered to idols, that would allow Christians to easily enter contexts involving pagan worship.

Pour respecter les droits d'auteur, la version électronique de ce mémoire a été dépouillée de ses documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal. / Vers 1296, la jeune communauté des Franciscains engage un artiste pour peindre un cycle commémoratif de la vie de saint François, leur saint patron, dans leur monument religieux d'Assise, érigé à partir de 1228. L'attribution giottesque de cette peinture de vingt-huit fresques est l'objet d'une polémique d'attribution depuis la fin du 18e siècle. L'objectif de notre ménoire est d'analyser les méthodes d'attribution utilisées dans ce débat. Les partisans giottesques considèrent que l'interprétation des documents d'archives et les commentaires des contemporains constituent une preuve suffisante d'attribution à Giotto, ce à quoi s'opposent leurs détracteurs. D'autres auteurs ont appliqué diverses méthodes d'analyse stylistique à l'ensemble de ces fresques et à un corpus qui lui est rattaché et émettent des hypothèses d'attribution contradictoires. Enfin, la technologie des restaurateurs et la découverte récente de la fresque d'un contemporain de Giotto introduisent des arguments qui remettent en question les hypothèses d'attribution traditionnelles. Nous explorerons tour à tour les trois domaines d'attribution concernés par cette polémique. Nous verrons comment a fonctionné l'attribution fondée sur les documents d'archives. Nous jetterons un regard sur les méthodes d'analyses stylistiques et sur les auteurs qui ont marqué cette question d'attribution. Puis, nous discuterons des nouvelles méthodes d'attribution où un restaurateur justifie son hypothèse d'attribution à partir d'éléments de la production de l'objet d'art. / Around 1296, the young Franciscan Brotherhood hired an artist to paint a commemorative cycle of the life of St. Francis, their saint Patron, for their religious monument of Assisi, erected in 1228. The attribution to Giotto of this cycle of twenty-eight frescoes has been the object of a debate since the eighteenth-century. This thesis presents the methods used to discuss this attribution. The partisans of Giotto feel that the interpretation of archives and the commentaries by the contemporaries of the painter Giotto are sufficient to justify this attribution, which their opponents however contest. Other critics have applied various methods of analysis to the stylistic aspect of the frescoes and to a corpus attached to it and have come up with contradictory attributions. Finally, the advanced restoration technology and the recent discovery of a fresco attributed to a contemporary of Giotto have challenged even further the traditional attribution hypothesis. We will look at each area of attribution discussed in this debate. We will consider the method of the attribution based on documents. We will also reflect on the stylistic methods of attribution and on the authors who made distinctive remarks on our subject. In the end, we will study the new methods of attribution used by the restorers as they attempt to come up with an attribution based on material data drawn from the genetic study of the art object.

The topic of this master thesis is F. V. Krejci's literary criticism. It analyses not only his approach to literary criticism as presented in his major as well as minor texts, but also his own output in the Rozhledy revue, presumably the best representative of modern literary-critical tendencies of the 1890s. The Rozhledy revue and F. V. Krejci's literary- critical output (including his monographs) both help us understand the literature of the second half of 19th century with its diversities as well as the way how the young generation of literary critics used to form their methodological aspects. The body of this master thesis is created by the complete and annotated bibliography of F. V. Krejci's texts published in Rozhledy. The research was based on both - the detailed study and analysis of the main sources and the author bibliography provided by the Institute of Czech Literature AS CR. In Rozhledy, F. V. Krejci published various political and literary articles. He also reviewed a few books. In his reviews, he usually wrote a non-detailed foreword and introduction. After that, he commented on a few aspects of the particular book. There are four topics he was interested about the reviewed masterpiece and that is its plot, message, overall meaning and its social impact. He also published some...