Na atualidade do Brasil, os debates que versam sobre Direitos Humanos e aparato policial ganham maior força e evidência nas conversas informais, nas redes sociais, na mídia em geral e, também, nos bancos acadêmicos. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação, que se insere na linha de pesquisa que estuda violência, criminalidade e cidadania, visou saber quais são as práticas e as percepções sobre Direitos Humanos nas escolas de formação de praças no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Então, o objeto de estudo são os cursos da Brigada Militar, compostos por soldados e sargentos que estavam em curso de formação nas cidades de Porto Alegre, Santa Maria, Montenegro e Esteio. A metodologia de pesquisa lançou mão de entrevistas abertas e grupos focais, na busca de dados qualitativos, e dessa forma visou uma amostra equitativa em cada escola. Assim, em cada uma delas foi entrevistado um grupo de alunos, e desse grupo alguns alunos foram convidados a participar do grupo focal. Foram aplicadas 83 entrevistas abertas, além de 23 participantes ouvidos com o mesmo roteiro nos grupos focais, totalizando 106 alunos. Além da pesquisa de campo, também foram realizados estudos a partir de referenciais teóricos que ajudaram a compreender o processo de formação a partir de uma ótica sociológica. Também foi possível conhecer a história da corporação com relação ao ensino em sua trajetória a partir da formação iniciada em 1982 e chegando aos dias atuais. Conceituar Direitos Humanos também foi um objetivo alcançado na dissertação, especialmente as três gerações que tratam de direitos individuais, direitos sociais e direitos transindividuais. Com base na pesquisa empírica, e tendo em mente as conceituações acima elencadas, foi possível verificar que considerável parcela dos alunos tem seus Direitos Humanos violados, figurando uma das respostas à pergunta de partida desta dissertação em sua última parte, sabendo como são as práticas e as percepções sobre Direitos Humanos nas escolas de formação de soldados e sargentos da Brigada Militar. / Currently in Brazil public debate on police work and Human Rights gain wider repercussion. This dissertation aims at making a contribution to the understanding of the practices and perceptions over Human Rights according to the views manifested by new police recruits to the Brigada Militar, the military police of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, while attending to mandatory formal training prior to their appointment on active duty from 11/09/12 to 19/04/13. A total of 106 students, comprehending private soldiers and sergeants, engaged in the research. This number encompasses part of the students who attended to training courses in the cities of Porto Alegre, Santa Maria, Montenegro and Esteio. As a methodology to gather qualitative data for the purpose of the analysis, there have been employed an openended written questionnaire and focal groups. In total, 83 questionnaires and 23 focal groups have been conducted. The theoretical frame work entangles the sociological perspective over the material collected in the research field. From this study, it is possible to make known aspects of the institutional history with specific regard to the teaching within the police corporation in Rio Grande do Sul, from 1982 up to the present days. An effort has been made in conceptualizing Human Rights underits three generations: individual rights, social rights and transindividual rights. Based on the empirical research and bearing in mind the concepts listed above, there has been possible to address questions over the practices and perceptions about Human Rights as manifested by those police recruits of the Brigada Militar.

Esta dissertação analisa o uso da força não letal pela polícia nas ações de policiamento e o papel que a qualificação profissional pode desempenhar como fator inibidor da violência policial e da exposição ao risco dos atores envolvidos nessas ações, retomando a discussão sobre a ação não-letal da polícia sob outro foco: a relação treinamento-performance. Embora a característica militar seja um fator preponderante nas relações entre os policiais, para efeito desta pesquisa, não é considerada determinante da violência policial. Este estudo visa explorar o cotidiano da relação polícia-cidadão e os determinantes do comportamento individual do policial nesses encontros. A hipótese central deste trabalho estabelece que o treinamento tem um papel significativo como um fator capaz de reduzir o emprego abusivo de força nos encontros do policial com o público e de melhorar a qualidade do trabalho policial de uma maneira geral, aumentando o grau de proteção, tanto do profissional quanto do público, e diminuindo a exposição de ambos ao risco. Esta dissertação O Uso da Força Não Letal Pela Polícia nos Encontros com o Público, introduz uma inovação metodológica, e representa um teste do método que utiliza a técnica da Observação Social Sistemática (OSS) do trabalho policial - a grande contribuição dessa pesquisa, em razão de ser uma técnica inédita em pesquisas acadêmicas no Brasil. / This text analyzes the use of non lethal force for the police in the policing and the role that the professional qualification can carry out as factor that can to inhibit the police violence and of the exhibition risk to the actors involved in those actions, retaking the discussion about the non lethal action of the police under other focus: the relationship training-performance. Although the military characteristic is a preponderant factor in the relationships among the policemen, for effect of this research, it is not considered determinant of the police violence. This study seeks to explore the daily of the relationship policecitizen and the determinant of the policeman\'s individual behavior in those encounters. The central hypothesis of this work establishes that the training has a significant role as a factor capable to reduce the abusive employment of force in the policeman\'s encounters with the public and of improving the quality of the police work in a general way, increasing the protection degree, so much of the professional as of the public, and decreasing the exhibition of both to the risk. This text - Use of the Non Lethal Force For the Police in the Encounters with the Public, introduces a methodological innovation, and it represents a test of the method that uses the technique of the Systematic Social Observation (SSO) of the police work - the great contribution of that research, in reason of being an original technique in academic researches in Brazil.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:59:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fagner Vieira.pdf: 699814 bytes, checksum: 01fe2c2b47b81f83c4c6bd9dde68d24c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-15 / Este trabalho visa a realizar uma etnografia sobre a formação e atuação do policial militar em Roraima. A análise se baseará principalmente nos estudos dos primeiros cursos de formação de soldados policiais militares do Estado de Roraima, ocorridos entre os anos de 2000 a 2003, fazendo comparações quando possível com as formações no extinto Território Federal de Roraima. A pesquisa se concentra nos policiais militares, que estiveram ou estão no serviço ostensivo nas Viaturas de Rádio Patrulhadas (VTR s) na Cidade de Boa Vista Capital de Roraima. Ela pretende refletir sobre as bases que sustentam o universo das relações sociais com a população e a categoria homogeneizante que se mostra profundamente complexificada na visão heterogênea que, os policiais demonstram a respeito do mundo social no qual atuam atravessado por estigmas atribuídos aos diversos grupos sociais e as diferentes áreas da cidade de Boa Vista. O estudo também procura desnaturalizar certos pressupostos sobre um ser policial que reforça a doxa de uma cultura distinta e raramente problematizada. O pressuposto é que esta cultura é produzida historicamente e reiterada como crença durante o processo de formação e corroborada cotidianamente na interação social exigida pela prática policial, onde aparecem a disciplina, hierarquia, relações de poder e produção de estereótipos. O trabalho também está permeado por discussões que envolvem parte da intimidade da formação e trabalho policial

This study examines the variations in the practice of implementation in different implementation structures using the case of police education reforms that were undertaken by the Turkish National Police (TNP) in 2001 and 2003. Differentiations and similarities in the top-down and bottom-up structures while practicing the process of implementation were investigated in this study. First, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the process of implementation and structure of implementation. Second, the study introduces TNP education reforms and explains the reasons for the reform. Third, a quantitative approach is used to measure the success of the TNP educational reforms. Specifically, multiple regression analysis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and post hoc tests are used to clarify if police performance in the TNP has improved since the reforms. Fourth, the study uses a qualitative approach to find out how features associated with top-down or bottom up approaches were involved in the process of implementation of the educational reforms. Finally, based upon the views of the participants in the qualitative analysis, the study examines the variations in the practice of implementation between decision makers and the street level bureaucrats.

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In recent decades, police training has undergone a professionalization process in which the training has been increasingly incorporated within the academy. The professionalization process has led to the content of police training being changed by theoretical subjects replacing practical elements. The study examines how the shift between theoretical and practical knowledge has affected police training and how police students view their training today. The theoretical framework for the study's is based on the theory of knowledge, situated learning and communities of practice. Aristotle's theory of knowledge describes the view of knowledge and explains that theoretical knowledge, episteme, must be combined with practical knowledge, techné, in order to achieve a complete understanding and wisdom, fronesis, (Sohlberg & Sohlberg 2019, p. 93). Within the police, learning largely takes place in social contexts together with other colleagues, situated learning, and the practical knowledge, techné, is in focus. Within the academy, theoretical knowledge is central and the police trainings job to unite the academic and police world lays the foundation for the theory of communities of practice. Previous research shows a complexity of training police officers and professional police officers have considered police training to be too poorly anchored in practical professional practice and experienced that police students do not learn relevant knowledge and skills during training (Ekman 1999). The study was conducted through qualitative interviews with students from the police education to examine the students' own experience of the education. The interviews were analyzed according to the study's questions and theoretical framework. The results showed that the students consider both the theoretical and practical knowledge to be important for the police work and that an interdisciplinary approach that unites these forms of knowledge during the education is needed. However, the students considered it important that the theoretical knowledge was not too abstract but linked to the practical action in everyday police life. In the compilation of results, there was a consensus among the students which form of teaching they valued most in connection with combining theoretical and practical knowledge during police training, scenario training. These training opportunities should therefore be increased during police training. An interdiscip- linary approach should permeate the structure of police training and greater efforts should be made to combine theoretical and practical knowledge during the training. / Polisutbildningen har under de senaste decennierna gått igenom en professionaliserings-process där utbildningen har infogats allt mer inom akademin. Professionaliseringsprocessen har lett till att innehållet i polisutbildningen har förändrats genom att teoretiska ämnen har ersatt praktiska moment. Studien undersöker hur förskjutningen mellan teoretisk och praktisk kunskap har påverkat polisutbildningen och hur polisstudenterna ser på sin utbildning idag. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgår från kunskapsteori, situerat lärande och communities of practice. Aristoteles kunskapsteori beskriver synen på kunskap och förklarar att teoretisk kunskap, episteme, måste kombineras med praktisk kunskap, techné, för att en fullständig förståelse och klokhet, fronesis, ska uppnås (Sohlberg & Sohlberg 2019, s. 93). Inom polisen sker lärandet till stor del i sociala sammanhang tillsammans med andra kollegor, situerat lärande, och den praktiska kunskapen, techné, står i fokus. Inom akademin är den teoretiska kunskapen central och polisutbildningens arbete med att förena den akademiska och polisiära världen lägger grund för teorin om communities of pracitice. Tidigare forskning visar på en komplexitet att utbilda poliser och yrkesverksamma poliser har ansett polisutbildningen har varit för dåligt förankrad i det praktiska yrkesutövandet, då de upplevt att polisstudenterna inte lär sig relevanta kunskaper och färdigheter under utbildningen (Ekman 1999). Studien har skett genom kvalitativa intervjuer med studenter från polisutbildningen för att undersöka studenternas egen uppfattning av utbildningen. Intervjuerna har analyserats efter studiens frågeställningar och teoretiska ramverk. Resultatet visade att studenterna anser att både den teoretiska och praktiska kunskapen är viktig för det polisiära arbetet och att ett tvärvetenskapligt förhållningssätt som förenar dessa kunskapsformer under utbildningen behövs. Studenterna ansåg dock att det var viktigt att den teoretiska kunskapen inte var allt för abstrakt utan kopplade an till det praktiska handlandet i den polisiära vardagen. I resultat- sammanställningen rådde en konsensus bland studenterna vilken undervisningsform de värderade högst i samband med att förena teoretisk och praktisk kunskap under polisutbildningen, scenarioträning. Dessa utbildningstillfällen bör därför utökas under polisutbildningen. Ett tvärvetenskapligt förhållningssätt bör genomsyra polisutbildningens upplägg och större insatser borde vidtas för att förena teoretisk och praktisk kunskap under utbildningen.

Många yrkesgrupper i samhället har en mer eller mindre stark och tydlig yrkesidentitet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur en yrkesgrupp med en, för de som befinner sig i den, tydlig yrkesidentitet påverkas när befattningar bemannas med personal utan motsvarande bakgrund som organisationens huvuddel. Vi har valt att göra undersökningen på poliser som har arbetat inom Polismyndigheten under ett antal år. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten i vår forskning hämtas främst från det sociologiska perspektivet på begreppet identitet. Inom detta perspektiv kopplas begreppet identitet till det sociala livet där sociala positioner och kollektiv samhörighet utgör viktiga element för individers identitetsskapande. Ledordet i vår forskning har varit att förstå. Förstå något som i grunden är unikt, föränderligt och skapas av de människor som befinner sig i eller omkring organisationen. Ett induktivt angreppssätt och en iterativ process har präglat vårt arbete.  Det vetenskapliga stöd vi har behövt nyttja oss av i form av referensram är främst inom den sociala konstruktivismen, social identity theory, tidigare forskning om polisidentiteter samt vissa delar ur fenomenologin. Resultatet av vår undersökning har gett oss en tydlig bild av att polisers identitet kommer påverkas negativ om man inte aktivt jobbar med den friktionen inom polismyndigheten kommande år. Att polisutbildningen utvecklas till att vara delad på olika inriktningar, att civilanställda utbildas till poliser eller att chefer inom polismyndigheten inte rekryteras ur de egna leden. Detta riskerar att skapa en förskjutning mellan vad poliser idag menar är en polis, eller närmare bestämt riktig polis, och vilka Polismyndigheten i framtiden kommer anse vara poliser. Resultatet av vår forskning har gett oss att Polismyndigheten framgent står inför någonting komplext att hantera när det kommer till polisers identitet och hur den utmanas. Genom att tidigt hantera frågan avseende Identitet, kan den tydligare profileringen i olika utbildningsinriktningar och huvudsakliga arbetsområden komma att innebära en positiv utveckling för den samlade polismyndigheten. Ej hanterad - uppstår risken att identiteten som polis, påverkas negativt och därav kan komma att utvecklas till en bidragande faktor för en ogynnsam utveckling för de som arbetar inom polismyndighetens kärnverksamhet. / Many professions have a more or less strong and clear professional identity. The purpose of this study, is to investigate how a professional group with a solid professional identity is affected when positions are staffed with personnel of diverging background from the main part of the organization. We conduct the study on police officers who have worked within the Swedish Police for a number of years. The theoretical starting point in our investigation is based on the sociological perspective on the concept of identity. Within this perspective, the concept of identity is linked to social life where social positions and collective belonging are important elements for the forming of an individuals' identity. The key word in our investigation has been to understand. Understand something that is fundamentally unique, changeable and created by the people who are in or around the organization. The essay is a qualitative study with a hermeneutical approach. The empirical data is primarily from interviews with respondents – Police officers, employed in different roles or positions within the Swedish police. The scientific frame of reference in the study is mainly within social constructivism, social identity theory, previous research on police identities and certain parts of phenomenology.  The empirical material shows, and the conclusion of our study is, that the identity of police officers will be negatively affected if the Swedish Police does not actively work with the social identity perspective during the coming years.  The suggested development of the police training and the several different ways to be able to wear the police uniform tend to challenge the identity negatively. This could result in a shift between whom serving police officers in the organisation regard as a real police officer, and the type of police officer the Swedish Police authority will consider being police officers in the future.

Thesis (MEdPsych (Educational Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / There is deep concern nationally and internationally about the increasing numbers of sexual offences against children. South Africa is one of the countries with a very high incidence of child sexual abuse. Child sexual abuse is very traumatic for most children: research reveals that the negative psychological impact of child sexual abuse persists over time and even into adulthood. Disclosure of sexual abuse is often very traumatic for the victim and the response of the investigation officer is crucial as inappropriate responses to disclosure can inhibit the child's healing process, jeopardize the subsequent legal proceedings and expose the child to secondary traumatisation. This study explores the training needs of investigating officers of the South African Police Services with regard to interviewing young victims of sexual abuse. The rationale would be that if investigating officers were adequately trained in interviewing sexually abused children the trauma will be lessened for the child victim and their families. A qualitative study was conducted. Two groups of participants were used in the study: Investigating officers working for the SA Police Service and social workers working for various non-governmental organizations. Participants were purposefully selected. Data were produced by the use of questionnaires and interviews semi-structured. The interviews were analysed thematically. The seven themes that emerged from the data analysis were: reporting of sexual abuse, investigation of sexual abuse, knowledge of sexual abuse, practical skills, attitudes of investigating officers, children with disabilities and support for investigating officers. The data from the questionnaires were also analysed quantitatively. The findings from the study indicate that investigating officers need more in-depth and extensive training on how to interview sexually abused children.

This research focuses on the association between law enforcement training and implementation of hate crime legislation. The Anti-Defamation League's state hate crime statutory provisions and the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Hate Crime Reporting by States data are examined. Section one includes the following: What Constitutes Hate?, The History of Hate Crime Legislation, and Issues Facing Hate Crime Legislation. Section two surveys literature on both Hate Crime Legislation and the training of law enforcement officers. Section three discusses the Anti-Defamation League and FBI data in detail and explains the methods used to test the association between law enforcement training and reporting of hate crime legislation. Findings yield a statistically significant association between law enforcement training and reporting of hate crime legislation.