This masters’ thesis aim is to find out what has been the historical (1946-2016) and current political and judicial discourse and regulations in Sweden when it comes to political opinion forming and the presence of political parties at Swedish schools and also if the Swedish schools and politicians have been working accordingly to these regulations. By primarily analyzing historical and present curriculums from the Swedish school system and documents from the Swedish Parliamentary Ombudsman (Justitieombudsmannen) I have found that the discourse and with it the rules and regulations has changed over time. I have also found both historical and present situations when the rules and regulations on the subject have not been applied.

Previous research has shown that there is a negative relationship between female elected officials and corruption in democracies. Especially in high accountability settings where corruption is stigmatized, it makes female elected officials more risk averse as a result of higher probability of being held accountable. Through a quantitative approach, this thesis examines the relationship of gender and corruption on the individual level in Swedish municipalities. To investigate if there are any differences in attitudes towards corruption among female and male local politicians, and what might cause that difference, a survey answered by local politicians from all the 290 municipalities in Sweden was used. The results showed that there is a difference in attitudes towards corruption, female local politicians seem to be more negative than their male counterparts. Female local politicians also seem to become even more negative in their attitudes towards corruption if the accountability is higher. The explanation could be that female local politicians are more risk averse than male local politicians in Swedish local councils, as the same attitude could not be found for them. However, these findings cannot exclude that other explanations can be important for the relationship between gender and attitudes towards corruption. Nevertheless, this thesis gives a starting point for further research of the connection between the individual level of attitudes towards corruption, gender and accountability in Swedish municipalities.

This diploma thesis, titled "Presence of Colonial Past in Contemporary Portugal", deals with how the Portuguese society has coped with their loss of the last colonies after the democratic revolution in the year 1974. Portugal belonged, along with Spain, to the first colonial powers in Europe and for long time - till the 20th century - the independence of colonies was for many Portuguese people unimaginable. Therefore a lot of them were surprised with the speedy decolonization of these territories after 1974. Investigation of reactions of Portuguese society to this change is based on the analysys of responses of its political and academic communities after the year 1976. Attitudes held by the wider society was demonstrated by the massive support of Portuguese to the former colony of East Timor during Semptember 1999. The approach of politicans is analysed in this work through their speeches during the key' historical moments, which influenced relations between Portugal and its former colonies during the years 1976-1996, as well as through government' programmes and comments in mass media. Analysis of academical discussion is concentrated mainly on the 1990s and present, when the colonial past has became a topic of great interest to many portuguese perits. A new field of academic interest, reffered...

The thesis analyses the influence of ideological distance to the formation of executive coalitions at the municipal level. The thesis attempts to determine which factors are reflected in the formation of executive coalitions, how the decision-making processes are functioning at the municipal level and what kind of actors we can determine in this processes. There is also a question if there is a difference between ideological distance of political actors at national and municipal level. Another part of the thesis deals with the possible cleavages between the long- term political subjects in the municipal council and the subjects, which are new in the municipal council. In the empirical part of the thesis there is a comparative case study on the sample of five municipalities from the municipal district of Pilsen-South - five largest municipalities in the district with the population over 3500 were examined: Přeštice, Dobřany, Blovice, Nepomuk and Stod. The field of research was conducted in these municipalities through the semi-structured interviews with the mayors and some other local politicians. An analysis of the election results in these municipalities is also included. This thesis should determine if the research about ideological distance at the municipal level has the meaningful purpose and...

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)

No description available.

Объектом исследования является политическая деятельность в предвыборный период. Цель работы − выявление инструментов влияния политических деятелей на формирование общественного мнения через социальные сети. Основными методами проведения исследования стали дискурс-анализ на основе данных онлайн-опроса, полуформализованные экспертные интервью, контент-анализ. В процессе исследований было проведено типологизирование политических деятелей на основании общественного мнения; сравнена политическая активность российских и американских политических деятелей в социальных сетях; выявлены возможности применения американского формата ведения социальных сетей к российской практике. Результатом работы стало выявление инструментов влияния политических деятелей на формирование общественного мнения через социальные сети. / The object of research is political activity in the pre-election period. The purpose of the work is to identify the tools of the influence of politicians on the formation of public opinion through social networks. The main research methods were discourse analysis based on online survey data, semi-formalized expert interviews, and content analysis. In the process of research, a typologization of politicians was carried out on the basis of public opinion; the political activity of Russian and American political figures on social networks is compared; The possibilities of applying the American format for maintaining social networks to Russian practice are revealed. The result of the work was the identification of instruments of influence of politicians on the formation of public opinion through social networks.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka svenska folkbiblioteks relation till lokalpolitiken. Genom att närstudera fyra bibliotekschefer från lika många kommuner så kan vi analysera hur cheferna upplever relationen till lokalpolitiken. Vårt empiriska material har analyserats med hjälp av Margaret Archers teori om den inre konversationen och Petra Svenssons användning av begreppet situerat agentskap. Våra forskningsfrågor är hur bibliotekscheferna upplever politikernas inblandning i bibliotekets arbete och hur detta kan analyseras utifrån Margaret Archers teori om den inre konversationen och teorin om det situerade agentskapet. I vår analys framkommer att bibliotekscheferna behöver reflektera över sitt uppdrag för att hantera svåra frågor och relationen till de lokala politikerna. Dessutom framkommer att de flesta bibliotekschefer anser sig ha en god relation till politikerna, men att det förekommer att politiker vill blanda sig i på ett sätt som upplevs som att gå över gränsen för armlängds avstånd. Studien visar på en relation som innefattar en del spänningar och där det ibland kan finnas olika syn på biblioteksverksamhet och olika värderingar. Studien visar också att bibliotekscheferna känner en oro inför Sverigedemokraternas framgångar och deras syn på bibliotek.

This study is a comparative study of government ethics documents in Sweden and Denmark. It explores how the role of civil servants and their relationship with politicians are described in the ethical documents of both countries. The study aims to identify and analyze the types of civil servants emerging from these documents, their loyalties, and their political and administrative autonomy. The thesis employs a qualitative content analysis method to examine the documents, considering the differences in administrative traditions and political-administrative institutions in the two Nordic countries. The study contributes to understanding the public administration and ethics within the specific contexts of Sweden and Denmark.

Will Sweden's municipal rescue services meet future challenges? How should small municipalities cope with increased requirements at the same time as the tax revenue is reduced? What are the incentives for municipalities to cooperate? The purpose of the thesis is to investigate what makes small municipalities choose to seek cooperation with other municipalities to solve their statutory task. In this essay, the municipal rescue service will be used as the case where the municipalities cooperate. The thesis has a theory-consuming method which means that the focus is on the different cases that are investigated. In the essay, the chairman of the municipal board in five smaller municipalities was interviewed to see what reasons, incentives and effects they see in their cooperation. The two incentives that clearly was higlighted by the municipalities are as follows:- To achieve sufficient quality of business- To improve the competence provision and recruitmentAll municipalities have chosen to highlight these areas as key incentives for why collaboration in municipal associations for the rescue service activities is important. In the interview part, most of the municipalities have highlighted these two areas that are difficult to manage on their own. / Kommer Sveriges kommunala räddningstjänster klara framtida utmaningar? Hur ska små kommuner klara av ökade krav samtidigt som skatteunderlaget minskar? Vad finns det för incitament för kommuner att samarbeta? Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vad som gör att kommuner väljer att söka samarbete med andra kommuner för att lösa sin lagstiftade uppgift. I detta fallet kommer kommunal räddningstjänst att användas som verksamhet där kommunerna samarbetar. Uppsatsen tittar på vilka incitament och vad för effekter som upplevs göra att samarbete mellan kommuner uppstår. Uppsatsen tittar på befintliga samarbeten/samverkan mellan kommuner som finns etablerad och vad som lyfts fram varför de väljer att samverka. Uppsatsen har en teorikonsumerande metod som innebär att fokus ligger på de olika fall som undersöks. Fokus i uppsatsen är att synliggöra effekter och incitament till att ingå i samverkan mellan kommuner och hur det uppstår. I uppsatsen intervjuades kommunstyrelsens ordförande i fem mindre kommunerna för att se vilka skäl, incitament och effekter som dom ser i sitt samarbete. Vid intervjuerna framkommer två områden som tydligt lyfts fram både i intervjudelen samt graderingen av incitament. Dessa två områden är följande: - Att uppnå tillräcklig kvalité på verksamheten - Att förbättra kompetensförsörjning och rekrytering Samtliga kommuner har valt att lyfta fram dessa områden som nyckelincitament för varför samverkan i kommunalförbund för räddningstjänstverksamheten är viktig. I intervjudelen så har merparten av kommunerna lyft fram dessa två områden som svåra att klara av på egen hand. / <p>2022-05-25</p>