Sedan år 2017 har många internetanvändare fått bekanta sig med fenomenet deepfakes som är en slags digital imitation där en persons ansikte kan fogas samman med en annan persons kropp. Så kallade face swap-appar och filter är inget nytt men det som särskiljer deepfakes är att de skapas med hjälp av artificiell intelligens som kan ge extremt verk- liga resultat. Dessutom blir tekniken allt mer avancerad och lättillgänglig för gemene man, vilket innebär större risk för att den missbrukas t.ex. för att skapa fake porn där en persons ansikte infogas i en existerande bild med sexuellt innehåll. Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda om det genom befintlig svensk straffrätt går att lagföra den som skapar eller sprider fake porn. Detta innefattar en utredning av huruvida skyddet för den personliga integriteten omfattar sådant sexuellt material som inte visar en persons faktiska kropp men ändock dennes ansikte, eller om fake porn avslöjar luck- or i det straffrättsliga skyddet för den personliga integriteten. För att uppnå syftet utreds brotten sexuellt ofredande och ofredande när det gäller skapande av fake porn samt för- tal och olaga integritetsintrång när det gäller spridande av sådant material. De slutsatser som dras är att det i allmänhet inte går att lagföra den som skapat fake porn men att det i många fall troligtvis går att bedöma spridande av materialet som för- tal. Detta är dock inte ett önskvärt sätt att angripa fake porn på då det inte fokuserar på skyddet för den personliga integriteten utan istället skyddet för en persons ära, vilket kan ge en del märkliga resultat vid tillämpningen på fake porn. Detta visar på ett behov av att lagstiftaren agerar proaktivt mot fake porn, innan det blir ett utbrett problem som är svårt för rättsväsendet att komma åt. / Since 2017 many internet users have gotten acquainted with deepfakes which is a type of digital imitation that allows you to attach a person’s face onto a picture or video of somebody else’s body. So called face swap apps and filters are hardly a novelty any- more but what distinguishes deepfakes is the fact that they are created using artificial in- telligence which can provide extremely realistic results. This technology is becoming increasingly more advanced and easily available even for those lacking more than aver- age skills in technology and computers. This increases the risk of deepfakes being abused e.g. for the purpose of creating fake porn where a person’s face is inserted into existing sexual content. The purpose of the thesis is to examine whether creating and spreading fake porn constitutes a crime according to Swedish criminal law. This includes investigating whether the protection of personal integrity extends to this sort of sexual material that portrays a person’s face but not their own body, or if fake porn has revealed blind spots in the protection of personal integrity in Swedish criminal law. For this purpose, the crimes sexual molestation and molestation will be tried regarding the creation of fake porn while defamation and unlawful intrusion of integrity will be tried regarding the spread of such content. It is concluded that, in general, creating fake porn is not punishable by criminal law, although it is likely that spreading it in many cases could constitute defamation. However, this is not a desirable way of managing fake porn since defamation is a crime designed to protect a person’s honor or reputation, not a person’s personal integrity. Applying the defamation provision on fake porn can therefore make for odd results in some cases. This highlights the need for proactivity from the legislator before fake porn becomes a widespread problem that the criminal justice system cannot handle.

Ce mémoire porte un regard sociologique pour comprendre globalement le phénomène du Revenge Porn chez les adolescentes/jeunes adultes de 16 à 25 ans se considérant victimes de cette pratique. Plus précisément, il s’intéresse, d’un point de vue phénoménologique, à leurs perceptions du phénomène du revenge porn. Notre analyse se base sur les histoires et les expériences vécues de quatre femmes se considérant comme victimes et une cinquième personne qui est la co-fondatrice de l’association stop fisha, établie en France, qui nous a parlé de son expérience et des divers cas auxquels elle devait faire face. Ce mémoire aborde divers aspects tels que les conséquences dans leurs vies de tous les jours, le victim blaming, la perception de la Justice dans ce genre d’affaires, le désir ou non de porter plainte et pour quelles raisons, la stigmatisation du nom peu flatteur du Revenge Porn qui laisserait sous-entendre de prime abord qu’elles ont fait quelque chose de mal auparavant, ainsi que des projets à mettre en place préventivement pour pouvoir lutter contre le Revenge Porn.

La pornographie fait partie du paysage de notre société. Le processus de massification qui s'est produit, essentiellement des années 1970 à nos jours, l'a progressivement conduit à devenir une industrie culturelle colossale soulevant des questions relatives aux discours dont elle est la matière (professionnels du secteur de production, journalistes, profanes, politiques, etc.). La pornographie est un objet social et culturel, relevant d’enjeux économiques, politiques et esthétiques, et semble de fait avoir gagné en légitimité au sein-même de la recherche scientifique durant cette dernière décennie. Instituée en courant de pensée ici (porn studies anglo-saxonnes), en sous-champ de recherche là (pornographie lesbienne, etc.), ce « nouveau » terrain de recherche pourrait bien constituer un prolongement des études sur le genre et la sexualité. C’est ce processus de mutation d’un objet marginal vers un objet conforme au système académique que nous nous proposons d’élucider dans cette thèse. Ce travail a pour but de réhistoriciser l’émergence des différents travaux français s’attachant à la question de la pornographie. L’élaboration de cette cartographie permettra d’une part, de découvrir le noyau et la constitution des études de la pornographie en France, et d’autre part, de dépeindre l’aspect communicationnel propre à la construction, à la mutation et à la transmission du savoir. Ces processus apparaissent alors tant dans les relations qu’il est possible d’établir entre différents champs scientifiques, que dans la circulation des savoirs propres à la science en train de se faire. Cette recherche pourrait d'ailleurs avoir un apport heuristique quant aux études d’ores et déjà menées depuis les années 1980 en sociologie ou en histoire des sciences, quant à l’émergence de nouvelles disciplines, de nouveaux champs et objets de recherche / Pornography is part of the landscape of our society. Starting in the 1970s, a process of massification has gradually led pornography to become a huge cultural industry, raising questions about the discourse of which it is the subject (production professionals, journalists, laymen, politicians etc.). Pornography is a social and cultural object with economic, political and aesthetic relevance and consequently seems to have gained legitimacy even within scientific research over the last decade. Established as a trend of thought on one hand (referred to in the English-speaking world as Porn Studies) and a research subfield on the other (lesbian pornography etc.), this "new" research field could certainly follow on from Gender and Sexuality Studies. This doctoral thesis proposes to clarify the process by which a marginal object is transformed into an object that fits into the academic system. The work aims to reconstitute the historical context in which the various French research projects relating to pornography emerged. The development of this historical map will allow us to explore the core of Pornography Studies in France and how they were constituted on one hand, and to describe the specific communicational aspects of knowledge construction, transformation and transmission on the other. These processes appear both in the possible relations between different scientific fields and in the flow of knowledge specific to the science that is in the making. This research could also make a heuristic contribution to studies that have already been carried out since the 1980s in Sociology or History of Science about the emergence of new disciplines and new research fields and topics

Diploma thesis "Sex on a plate: Food porn on Czech food blogs" explores the link between food and sex. It argues that this connection is deeply rooted in our culture and nowadays it is reflected in food porn circulating on social media. The aim of this thesis is not only pointig out the connection between food and sex but also demonstrate that "porn" in food porn is well justified and not at all coincidental. The phenomenon of food porn is also set in the context of a contemporary trend of online sharing. The theoretical part explores the relationship between people and food with emphasis on the differences between eating habits of men and women. Furthermore, the thesis draws attention to the similarities between food porn and sexual pornography. In the theoretical part of this thesis, I also comment on the trend of online sharing and digital narcisism. The second half of the thesis presents the chosen methodology, its design and my analysis using grounded theory, a method of qualitative research.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-09-14T13:45:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sirlanda Maria Selau da Silva_.pdf: 765731 bytes, checksum: 461af05b227ee0603b6e0f093bbf7f53 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-14T13:45:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sirlanda Maria Selau da Silva_.pdf: 765731 bytes, checksum: 461af05b227ee0603b6e0f093bbf7f53 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-08 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A pornografia de vingança será analisada a partir dos discursos que se processam no judiciário brasileiro, em especial nas ações cíveis que buscam tutelar direitos e obrigações, ensejados aos indivíduos envolvidos no fenômeno. Nesta perspectiva, a vingança pornográfica é tomada como uma prática, pela qual imagens íntimas são disponibilizadas no ciberespaço, sem o consentimento do seu titular, como o intuito de impingir-lhe constrangimentos, humilhações e outras violações à esfera da sua personalidade. Conforme se depreende das ocorrências analisadas no curso da pesquisa, tal prática se origina como o término de relacionamento pessoal, de ordem afetiva e/ou sexual e, via de regra, incide em relação entre homens e mulheres. Nesta perspectiva, a pornografia de vingança, guarda similaridade com outros fenômenos que se inserem em uma lógica de violências relacionais de gênero, bem como um empreendimento de controle da sexualidade em diversos aspectos. Desta forma, o discurso jurídico a respeito da pornografia de vingança no Brasil será problematizado nestas duas perspectivas. A etnografia de documentos – processo judiciais – foi aqui adotada como uma perspectiva de análise, pela qual se viabilizou o acesso a este discurso particular: o discurso jurídico, o qual é atravessado por discursos diversos, circulares, on e off ao processo judicial. / The revenge porn will be analyzed starting by speeches that have been process in Brazilian judiciary, in especial civil lawsuit that find tutelar rights and obligations, experienced to inviduals envolved on these events. By this perspective, the revenge porn is taken as a committed, whereby close images shared on cyberpace, without the holder consent, in order to foist him constraints, humiliations and other violation the sphere of his personality. As appears from the events analyzed in the course of research, this practice arises due the end of relationship. Of affective and/or sexual order, general rule, focus in men and women relations. These perspectives, the revenge porn, take similarity with other events falling into a relational logical violence gender. As well as an project control of sexuality in various aspects. So, legal speeches about revenge porn will problematised these two perspectives. The ethnography documents - court lawsuits - was adopted as a perspective of analyzes, whereby makes possibile the access to these particular speech: The legal speeches, which is crossed by several circular speeches, on and off to court lawsuit.

Abstract The characteristics of being private, interactive and active publicize sex, which used to be a taboo topic, on the Internet in every way. The group using the Internet has gradually taken an open perspective in sexual attitudes and behaviors. People are looking for short-term sex relationships through the BBS, chat rooms, and matching websites, which lead to the increasing proportion of one-night stand experiences. When people are situated in an Internet environment where sex information is open and accessible to almost everyone, will the changes in sexual attitude and behavior are also being influenced with time? It¡¦s worth further probing into the relations between the actual users¡¦ conditions and the sexual attitudes and behaviors of those who acquire sex satisfaction through the Internet. This research will be focused on the demographic characteristics, users¡¦ conditions, sexual attitudes and behaviors of average Internet users and the one-night stand group, trying to understand if different variables make differences in the users¡¦ sexual attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, in this research the independent variables are the demographic characteristics and the dependent variables are sexual attitudes and behaviors. The Internet users¡¦ conditions are the intervening variables. The researchers will collect sample data about users aged from 18 to 30, including some who used to have Internet one-night stand experiences and post messages on every BBS bulletin board, chat room, matching website and porn website. Questionnaires are designed for the users to answer on the Web. This practice took about two months altogether. 1008 questionnaires were collected. Major findings after statistic analyses are as follow: 1. The sexual attitudes of Internet users differentiate distinctly by sex. However, sexual attitudes don¡¦t change by different ages, marital conditions, education levels and occupations. 2. The sexual behaviors of Internet users differentiate distinctly in sexs, ages, marital conditions, education levels, and occupations. 3. Average Internet users¡¦ sexual attitudes make no difference in the years of using the Internet, the frequencies, and how many hours per day spent on the Internet. 4. The sexual behaviors of average Internet users change distinctly because of the different hours per day spent on the Internet, but make no difference in the years of using the Internet and the frequencies. 5. The sexual behaviors of average Internet users differentiate rather by the activeness of exposing to porn websites than by whether they are exposed to porn websites, how often, and the time spent on the websites. 6. The sexual behaviors of average Internet users differentiate distinctly rather by whether they are exposed to porn websites, the activeness, and how long on the porn websites than by how often they are exposed to the porn websites. 7. The group of Internet one-night stand is distinctly different form that of average Internet users in the years of using the Internet, average hours per day on the Internet, not in how often they use the Internet. 8. The group of Internet one-night stand is distinctly different from that of average Internet users rather in the frequencies of exposing to the porn websites and time on the websites than in the activeness of exposing to porn websites. 9. There¡¦s a positive relationship in having one-night stay experiences with the frequency of exposing to porn websites. 10. The sexual attitude of the group of Internet one-night stay are not different from that of average Internet users. 11. The sexual behavior of Internet one-night stay group is distinctively different from that of average Internet users.

This paper makes an attempt to explain the construction of a newly developed genre called revenge porn flourishing in new media. The study analyzes the patterns of production and display of revenge porn content as well as the mechanisms of the site that archives such materials. The results of this study suggest that the development of such a genre cannot be attributed only to liberatory and/or victimizing effects of the electronic space. Rather, social power structures based on discourses like gender, heterosexuality and capitalist patriarchy that exploit the surveillance mechanism of the internet are significantly influencing both individual uses of the internet as well as its apparatus and technologies. These are the major forces contributing to the institutionalization and commercialization of revenge porn in new media. This is a case study based investigation that uses both content analysis and discourse analysis as methods to interpret the revenge porn genre in new media.

James Deen and his distinct following of fans has allowed for a discussion of what pornography means to women and teenage girls to be teased out. His fans are vocal, public and unashamed in their fascination with him, dismissing previously held ideologies that porn be a clearly private activity that is shameful to be addressed publicly; especially for women. James Deen’s uniquely unintimidating demeanor, both physically and personally, has made him more forgivable for his mistakes (i.e. rape “joke” Tweets), evidence of an intense desire for women to find porn that they can relate to and positively consume. Despite his shortcomings, James Deen is immensely popular among women and because of this, brings to light my critique of the limited definition of feminist pornography as it stands today in academia. James Deen works against the grain of the porn industry, representing a new type of porn star that lends women their own gaze and further access to genuine pleasure intended for them. When James Deen breaks the common subject-object barrier of mainstream porn by pleasuring women on-screen, he disrupts the visual coding that holds the patriarchal gaze together at its seams, and works to produce female pleasure as a sexual truth. Not only that, but his consciousness around consent further allows women to be able to identify sexual pleasure with roles of submission. This construction of power-knowledge-pleasure to include women, and enthusiastic consent, aligns him with feminist porn aims to primarily focus on women, sexual openness and not shame, and sex positivity and not negativity. Moving beyond the foci of James Deen’s films and his personality, the theory of disidentification is integral to understanding some women’s relationship with him, and how even the more complicated aspects of porn should be considered for inclusion within the definition of feminist porn. To ignore this survival tactic is to silence women’s participation in an already exclusionary industry. To include disidentificatory practices in feminist porn is to take into account the convoluted, nonlinear and illogical ways women and teenage girls are consuming porn. When the definition is opened up to include all porn that “works on and against dominant ideology” (as James Deen’s does), experienced anxieties due to inconsistencies between one’s erotics and politics can be relieved, fantasy is further understood as a real and validated sexual tool, and masochism’s role in porn is logically brought into this dialogue. When fantasy is accepted as a complex and mysterious phenomenon, disenfranchised demographics such as women are given license. Masochism is no longer limited to an absent and repressed tendency that places women in a punished state. James Deen’s masochistic aesthetic threatens patriarchal dogma and offers up something new to the world of pornography. While James Deen does not profess to be a feminist, his porn practices and personality set him apart from the majority of the mainstream porn world and within the feminist porn sphere. In the end, the good that he is doing in providing women and teenage girls an option in an otherwise barren landscape of phallocentric porn should be enough to earn him academic scholarship and inclusion in the realm of feminist pornography.

A pornografia centralizou boa parte dos debates públicos sobre políticas sexuais nos Estados Unidos da América entre as décadas de 1970 e 1980. Largamente mobilizado por parte do movimento feminista, as políticas anti-pornografia do período levaram ao surgimento de uma contra-proposta singular: a chamada pós-pornografia, ou, como é mais frequentemente conhecida, a pornografia feminista. Esta dissertação é sobre o surgimento deste movimento bem como sobre seu projeto: analisarei, deste modo, o contexto sociopolítico que possibilitou o aparecimento da pós-pornografia, as implicações e associações teórico-ideológicas da mesma, as transformações ocorridas em sua ideação desde seu aparecimento até os dias atuais, e, finalmente, as relações entre este movimento e as teorias sociais discutidas e perpetradas pelas Ciências Sociais. / Pornography has centralized much of the public debate about sexual policies in the United States between the 1970s and 1980s. Widely deployed by the feminist movement, the anti-pornography policies of the time led to the emergence of a natural counter-proposal: the so called post-pornography, or, as is more often known, the feminist pornography. This dissertation is about the rise of this movement as well as on its project: I will analyze, therefore, the socio-political context that enabled the rise of the post-porn, the implications and, theoretical and ideological associations of it, the changes that occurred in its ideation since its appearance until the present day, and finally the relationship between this movement and the social theories discussed perpetrated by the Social Sciences.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaviTF_DISSERT.pdf: 1032658 bytes, checksum: 79d5b68f923dec554a444227ddc7928f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-16 / Trata-se nesta disserta??o de estabelecer, partindo do pensamento contempor?neo franc?s da linha deleuziana e guattariana, sobretudo, uma anal?tica do desejo capaz de reconfigurar o romance de Nelson Rodrigues, Asfalto selvagem: Engra?adinha, seus amores e seus pecados, desterritorializ?-lo em rela??o ? tradi??o cr?tica e est?tica, fundada no paradigma realista-naturalista enraizado no pensamento liter?rio brasileiro, especificamente no s?culo XX. Movemo-nos por discuss?es sobre o autor e sobre o romance, empreendidas por Rolnik, interlocutora de Guattari, o qual est? ligado aos novos paradigmas est?ticos, ? quest?o da produ??o de subjetividades, ? micropol?tica, ?s multiplicidades e ?s minorias. Buscamos contribuir para esse redimensionamento, colocando-nos na perspectiva cartogr?fica e rizom?tica para surpreender, em Asfalto, seus processos de subjetiva??o, incidindo sobre as singularidades selvagens, considerando os conceitos de Foucault, aplicados ? constru??o liter?ria enquanto espa?o heterot?pico, configurando a experi?ncia do fora, como princ?pios est?ticos. Veremos que as personagens, com foco em Engra?adinha, funcionam, como pequenas m?quinas desejantes, Corpos sem ?rg?os, mol?culas desestabilizando as forma??es molares. Destarte, Nelson Rodrigues, na perspectiva da produ??o autoral, torna-se o porn?grafo, o literato iterador, como agenciador de uma palavra perversa, para al?m dos dogmas, da cena romantizada, originando, em sua po?tica, a revela??o da obs-cena, a obscenidade, como cr?tica ?s institui??es falidas. Trazemos, nesse sentido, refer?ncias de Bataille, quanto ao que na atividade est?tica se relaciona com o excedente da vis?o, relacionados ao espa?o t?tico-?tico, concep??o deleuziana referentes ao corpo-linguagem, pornografia, porn?grafo, narrativas abomin?veis. Acompanhamo-nos, pois, dos conceitos da problem?tica da diferen?a e da alteridade, repercutindo na larvaridade, nas afec??es, que abrem vias comunicantes com fen?menos extremos, atuantes em torno do mesmo e do outro, trazendo a rizomaticidade do mal e da monstruosidade para a constru??o est?tica de Asfalto selvagem, vistos sob a ?tica de Bataille, Deleuze, Baudrillard, em ensaios que rompem o olhar estrutural em torno da obra e oferecem subs?dios para a constru??o de uma cartografia outra, o territ?rio do ficcional, habitado por um povo por vir, na perspectiva tratada por Deleuze e por Blanchot