Dans la vaste région couverte par la province du Kongo Central (autrefois Bas-Zaïre, Bas-Congo),en RD-Congo, et en Angola prolifèrent hier et aujourd’hui encore des « traces » gravées oupeintes sur des pierres que le MuKongo, s’il a le courage de sortir du silence imposé par lapolitique coloniale, désignera par « bisono » (écrits) et que la science traditionnelle appelle« pétroglyphe » ou « pictogramme ». Cette science est confrontée au problème de définition dustatut de ces « traces » et à celui de leur signification. Ces problèmes supposent également unautre : comment étudier ces traces ? Un problème de méthode.L’approche sémiotique des écritures, bien qu’elle soit récente, a mis au point des outilsconceptuels et méthodologiques ou des grilles d’analyse permettant de résoudre ces questions etbien d’autres.C’est la problématique abordée dans cette recherche à partir du « pétroglyphe » situé à Mbiongo,près de la Mission protestante de Mukimbungu, dans le secteur de Kasi, territoire de Songololo,dans la province du Kongo Centrale. Au-delà du thème de l’écriture, la thèse pose les jalons d’unenouvelle conception de l’écriture en milieu Kongo fondée sur les traditions culturelles Kongo enconjugaison avec les apports occidentaux exempts de tout ethno-occidentalisme et decolonialisme. / In the vast region covered by the province of Kongo Central (formerly Bas-Zaire, Bas-Congo), DR Congo, and Angola proliferate yesterday and today "traces" engraved or painted on stones called “bisono” (written signs) by every MuKongo, who has the courage to get out of the silence imposed by colonial politics, and that traditional science calls "petroglyph" or "pictogram". This science is confronted with the problem of defining the status of these "traces" and of their meaning. These problems also suppose another : how to study these traces? A problem of method. The semiotic approach to writing, though recent, has developed conceptual and methodological tools or analytical grids to solve these and many other questions. This is the problem addressed in this research from the "petroglyph" located in Mbiongo, near the Protestant Mission Mukimbungu, in the sector of Kasi, territory of Songololo, in the province of Kongo Centrale. Beyond the theme of writing, the thesis lays the groundwork for a new conception of writing in Kongo based on Kongo cultural traditions in conjunction with Western contributions free from all ethno-occidentalism and colonialism.

The main thesis of this project is that Peirce’s theory of the categories can be applied in order to better explain and inform a robust theory of creative freedom. I defend the claim that those three categories are: Peirce’s idea of God, understood as his idea of an evolving cosmos open to growth, as firstness; self-control and our capacity to deliberate in order to make choices as secondness; and the idea of community as thirdness. However, the concept of God, what I consider the first category of freedom, is not the main focus of this project, since I have dealt with it at some length in my master thesis. In this dissertation, I provide a general overview of the context and the scholarly tradition of Peirce’s studies on ethics in order to show and justify my position in it. Moreover I explore the second category of freedom, i.e. self-control. First, I show the development of this idea under the context of the philosophical tradition that influenced Peirce; second, I deal with a reconstruction of the concept of self-control under Peirce’s theory of semeiotics; third, I attempt to explain self-control according to the three categories based on Edward Petry’s formulations; and fourth I explore the conception of the summum bonum, not only from the perspective of its development in Peirce’s theory but also in its function as the aesthetic value that directs and guides the manner in which self-control and its categories work out under the frame of a theory of creative freedom. Finally, I analyze the role of community in enabling and making freedom possible from the perspective of education, more specifically, its role of promoting truth, goodness, and beauty according to the normative sciences. The application of Peirce’s theory of the categories to a theory of creative freedom provides some advantages over other kind of approaches. If the three Peircean categories can be applied to the way in which we experience freedom, then the possible theories of ethics can be reduced to seven in the same way that Peirce’s model of classification catalogues all possible systems of metaphysics. Furthermore, it means that all other systems of ethics that neglect one of these conditions would be for Peirce degenerate in some respect. Although I do not explore this account in greater detail here, as I see it, this proposal provides a very useful framework. Thus, I hope to provide a robust perspective on freedom as creativity, where positive freedom (not just the negative freedom emphasized by North American cultures) plays an important role in acknowledging that a community acquires a responsibility for the well being and flourishing of its people, and therefore, the role of education, and community become also crucial.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-01-10T11:26:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa Luciano Pozzoli.pdf: 797828 bytes, checksum: a0754d6892cfb9d0c313ca2348c6016a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-10T11:26:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanessa Luciano Pozzoli.pdf: 797828 bytes, checksum: a0754d6892cfb9d0c313ca2348c6016a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-05 / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / “You and Schiller carry Pragmatism too far for me” (CP 8.258). Thus, quite frankly, after asking the question of this lecture’s title (What do you understand by it [pragmatism]? (CP 8.253)), Peirce had expressed himself in one of the letters he wrote to William James in 1904. As already known, Pragmatism did not maintain a unity of interpretation among its theorists; on the contrary, it gave rise to a several nuances of thoughts, between them, that of Charles S. Peirce and William James, maybe the pragmatic philosophies most known. However, are these differences as big as we are used to say? What does each one mean by Pragmatism? What is the role of this theory in the conceptual universe of each author? Why does Peirce believe that James “carry Pragmatism too far”, as mentioned above? Where do they differ? To answer these questions, we propose the reader a diving in Peirce’s and James’ philosophies, selecting those aspects that we judge more relevant to this search. To this objective, we will follow a structure divided into three moments: the first will situate historically the term “pragmatism”; the second will show how Peirce and James conceive the notion of pragmatism; and, finally, taking into consideration the particularities of each, the last one will delineate some of the possible points of convergence and divergence between both conceptions / “Você e Schiller levam o pragmatismo muito longe para o meu gosto” (CP 8.258). É assim, muito francamente, que Peirce se expressa em uma das cartas que escreve a William James, em meados de 1904. Como já é sabido, o pragmatismo não manteve uma unidade de interpretação entre os seus teóricos; ao contrário, deu origem a matizes de pensamentos dos mais diversos, entre eles, o de Charles Peirce e o de William James — talvez as filosofias pragmáticas mais conhecidas. Mas seriam essas diferenças tão grandes quanto se costuma dizer? O que ambos entendem por pragmatismo? Que papel essa teoria exerce dentro do universo conceitual de cada autor? Por que Peirce acredita que James “foi longe demais”? Onde eles divergem? Essas são algumas das questões que esta pesquisa buscará investigar. E para respondê-las, propomos ao leitor um “mergulho” nas filosofias de Peirce e James, pinçando aqueles aspectos que julgamos mais relevantes para o objetivo que aqui se busca. Para isso, seguiremos a seguinte estrutura, dividida em três momentos: um primeiro que irá situar historicamente a corrente pragmática; um segundo que mostrará, especificamente, como Peirce e James compreendem o pragmatismo; e um último, partindo das particularidades de cada um, que buscará traçar alguns dos possíveis pontos de convergência e divergência entre uma concepção e outra

Submitted by Geandra Rodrigues (geandrar@gmail.com) on 2018-01-29T11:08:24Z No. of bitstreams: 0 / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-01-29T11:30:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-29T11:30:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-03-09 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho dedica-se a investigar a eficiência comunicativa da Wikipedia em reter seus usuários colaboradores, tendo como referência a teoria abdutiva de Charles S. Peirce com base no instinto, que descreve um método inferencial não confinado à categoria científica, mas capaz de desvendar a forma como uma cognição é construída frente a uma situação em que ainda não possuímos hábitos estabelecidos. Sustentados na teoria investigativa de Peirce, partimos de seu conceito de dúvida e crença e sua oposição categórica ao argumento Cartesiano da intuição para chegarmos à sua concepção do instinto e seu papel desempenhado na investigação, compreendendo como este atua na apreensão de uma nova matriz sígnica. Em seguida, fazemos uso de sua teoria do sinequismo para trabalhar a noção de evolução e continuidade nos signos da plataforma. Em nossa investigação sustentamos a hipótese de que a presença de múltiplos signos, cuja apreciação é necessária para participação na Wikipedia, compromete a colaboração instintiva, levando a uma alta taxa de abandono por parte de novos usuários. Buscando compreender a apropriação multicódigos da plataforma e suas potencialidades instintivas, aplicamos um questionário aos usuários recém-cadastrados na Wikipedia Português pelo período de uma semana, avaliando suas primeiras percepções sobre a plataforma. Suas respostas e nossas posteriores análises sustentam as conclusões apresentadas neste trabalho. / This dissertation aims to analyse Wikipedia communicative effectivity which creates a binding with their collaborative real-time editors, having as reference Charles Peirce’s theory of Abduction which is based upon instinct and describes an inferential method non-bounded exclusively to scientific domain that is capable of clarify the ways a cognition act is formed when exposed to a situation to which there is no embedded habits. Supported by Peirce’s investigative theory, this investigation departs from his concept of doubt and belief as well as his categoric opposition to the Cartesian argument of intuition, in order to understand this concept of instinct and its role in the investigation and apprehending of a new sign matrix. Subsequently, we use his theory of synechism in order to develop the notion of evolution and continuity in the sign of Wikipedia platform. In our investigation, we hold to the hypothesis according to which the presence of multiple signs, whose appreciation is needed to take part in Wikipedia, compromises the instinctive collaboration, leading to a high dropout rate among users. Seeking to understand the multicode appropriation and its instinctive potencialities, applying a quiz to newly-registered users in the Portuguese version of Wikipedia during one week, assessing their first perceptions about the platform. Their answers and our later analysis uphold the presented conclusions in this study.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-07-22T17:27:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianaribeirorodrigues.pdf: 1209413 bytes, checksum: 3c5b62c8aa43cc26880b645df2049bbc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-25T16:31:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianaribeirorodrigues.pdf: 1209413 bytes, checksum: 3c5b62c8aa43cc26880b645df2049bbc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-25T16:31:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianaribeirorodrigues.pdf: 1209413 bytes, checksum: 3c5b62c8aa43cc26880b645df2049bbc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T16:31:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lucianaribeirorodrigues.pdf: 1209413 bytes, checksum: 3c5b62c8aa43cc26880b645df2049bbc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / A presente pesquisa dedica-se a investigar o uso dos sites de redes sociais, especificamente o Facebook, em ações ciberativistas de mobilização e divulgação de informações e notícias de forma independente. A pesquisa foi realizada analisando as publicações feitas nesta plataforma realizadas por células Anonymous no Brasil (Anonymous Brasil, Anonymous Rio e AnonymousBrasil) durante as Jornadas de Junho de 2013 e na realização da Copa do Mundo 2014 no Brasil. Mais especificamente, este trabalho tem por objetivo compreender como estes coletivos conseguem impulsionar sua imagem perante seu público durante as manifestações de 2013 e, posteriormente, terminam as ações de 2014 com problemas em sua reputação. A hipótese para esta questão é que as ações comunicacionais são tão bem sucedidas quanto respeitem certo grau de espontaneidade em relação ao tema abordado, havendo menos coerção do usuário de forma incisiva e forçada e que, caso contrário, há perda de eficiência comunicacional. Esta hipótese foi subdivida em 9 sub-hipóteses, a serem apresentadas no trabalho, seguindo as tricotomias da Gramática Especulativa formulada por Peirce. A análise foi sustentada pela semiótica e o pragmaticismo peirceano, bem como a utilização da análise de conteúdo e do método comparativo. A amostra foi composta das publicações realizadas pelas células anteriormente citadas em dias que ocorreram manifestações nas ruas durante as Jornadas de Junho e a realização da Copa do Mundo 2014. Por fim, algumas das subhipóteses não foram confirmadas, mas a maioria foi comprovada, de forma que é possível afirmar que a hipótese, em certa medida, foi corroborada. / This work investigates the use of social network sites, specifically Facebook, in cyberactivists actions of mobilization and dissemination of news and information independently. The survey was conducted by the analysis of the publications made on this platform carried by Anonymous cells in Brazil (Anonymous Brasil, Anonymous Rio and AnonymousBrasil) during June Journeys, in 2013, and conducting the 2014 World Cup in Brazil. More specifically, this study aims to understand how these collectives can boost their image with their audience during the June Journeys and subsequently end their actions by going against the 2014 World Cup with problems in their reputation. The hypothesis for this issue is that the communication actions are as successful as respect certain degree of spontaneity in relation to the topic discussed, with less incisively and forced user's coercion, otherwise there is loss of communication efficiency. This hypothesis has been subdivided into 9 subhypotheses, to be presented in the paper, following the trichotomies of the Speculative Grammar, formulated by Peirce. The analysis was supported by Peirce's semiotics and the pragmaticism, as well the use of content's analysis and comparative method. The sample consisted of publications produced by the cells previously cited in days that occurred street demonstrations during the June Journeys and the holding of the World Cup 2014. Finally, some of the sub-hypotheses have not been confirmed, but most were proven, so that it is possible to affirm that the hypothesis, to some extent, was confirmed.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-10T12:29:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 joaoguilhermecunhaevallo.pdf: 949071 bytes, checksum: b17b26c22e35d472ab0dc4057fa55bd9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-10T14:10:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 joaoguilhermecunhaevallo.pdf: 949071 bytes, checksum: b17b26c22e35d472ab0dc4057fa55bd9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:10:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joaoguilhermecunhaevallo.pdf: 949071 bytes, checksum: b17b26c22e35d472ab0dc4057fa55bd9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-26 / O teletrabalho é uma das atividades mais relevantes para entender as dinâmicas de trabalho da contemporaneidade. Com o passar dos anos, aumentam os profissionais que, de alguma forma, dedicam parte ou a totalidade de suas jornadas a tarefas fora de um escritório fixo. Dependente da tecnologia e afim da inovação, a prática de trabalho a distância está sempre se atualizando. Trata-se de um campo fértil para os estudos de processos comunicacionais, seja pelo estudo das mídias em si, seja pela análise dos conteúdos ou quaisquer outro aspecto da comunicação humana que se intencione recortar. O fenômeno de comunicação que pretendemos investigar são as relações que os empregados estabelecem entre si e com a empresa em que trabalham quando estão em regime de teletrabalho. Mediadas por celulares e computadores, essas relações, acreditamos, definem o sucesso ou o insucesso das metas a serem alcançadas. Nossas hipóteses são atravessadas pela ideia de que a efetividade está ligada à adequação da comunicação entre os atores. A pesquisa começa pelas questões próprias dos estudos em redes sociais complexas. Em seguida, apresentaremos os modelos desenvolvidos para descrever esses fenômenos e optaremos por uma maneira de modelizar específica que trabalharemos melhor ao longo da dissertação. Concluiremos apresentando as mudanças apontadas pela teoria capazes de aprimorar os processos que nós modelamos e analisamos de forma crítica. / Telework is one most relevant activities to comprehend contemporary work dynamics. Over the years, more and more professionals have adopted homeoffice journeys, but also other formats of work away from the office. Dependent on technology and innovation, working upon distance is an always updating matter. This is surely a fertile ground for studies about communication processes, study of the media itself and content analysis or any other aspect of human communication. The communication phenomenon that we intended to investigate are the relations established by employees among themselves and directed to the company when teleworking. Mediated by telephones and computers, these relations, as we believe, are determinant to say if a process is successful or a failure. Our hypotheses are crossed by the idea that the effectiveness is linked to some level of harmony perceivable in communication between actors. The pursuit of our goal begins with the studies in complex social networks and technology development. Then we tried to sketch a simple model to understand the phenomena in regard to the methodology used, which will be described best along the lasts chapters of the dissertation. Finally, we conclude pointing some changes induced by the theory to enhance the processes we modeled and analyzed critically.

This dissertation provides a critical and constructive interpretation of “A Neglected Argument for the Reality of God” [NA], the sole primarily theological essay written by the logician, scientist, and philosopher C. S. Peirce (1839-1914). Despite recent scholarly attention, NA has confused its readers from its publication in 1908 until today. This dissertation interprets NA in light of: (a) Peirce’s philosophy of science and his theory of signs (semeiotic); and (b) a close reading of the published essays and unpublished manuscripts Peirce composed during the decade before NA’s publication and the six years he lived post-publication. These primary materials suggest that the key to understanding the so-called humble argument at the heart of NA is Peirce’s conviction that the universe is a divine sign. The humble argument is a recommendation that one make musement, or the playful contemplation of the universe, a daily habit. Since Peirce believed that the universe is a divine sign, he predicted that anyone who mused for forty to fifty minutes daily would eventually come to believe in God’s reality. Peirce describes the humble argument as the innermost of three nested arguments, the latter two defending the reasonableness of the humble argument. The second argument, which Peirce accuses theologians of neglecting, appeals to the instinctiveness of the idea that God is real as evidence of the truth of that idea. As stated, that argument is flawed, but it can be reformulated as an empirical prediction that intelligent extraterrestrial lifeforms will tend to develop conceptions of God or Ultimate Reality. The third argument defends the reasonableness of the humble argument by construing the idea of God as arising, like scientific hypotheses, through abductive inference. Contra Peirce, this dissertation argues that, although analogous to certain abstractions that play important roles in science, the idea of God is not a valid scientific hypothesis because it entails no testable predictions. Given this lack of testable consequences, Peirce’s pragmatic defense of the meaningfulness of the idea of God is inconsistent with his pragmaticism, having more in common with William James’s individualistic interpretation of pragmatism, which Peirce had previously opposed.

The Semantic web was created for the conceptualization of data available on the Internet. Through formalized representations that are determined for data sharing and reusing, its vision should be achieved. One of the main aims of the Semantic web is to achieve answers to a searched question which demonstrates high exactness and relevance. The controversy and polysemy of the term "Semantic web" lets us consider the question: "What is the limit of involving semantic aspects provided on Semantic web?" Is it not only the amount of determinations of specific standards that are connected with data itself? The main aim of this thesis is to compare the use of the terminology appearing on the Semantic web in semantic metadiscourse with traditional academic semiotic approaches appearing from pragmatism of Ch. S. Peirce, Ch. W. Morris, and H. P. Grice. The main thesis aim is to clarify the function of semantic web, basically its function and its conception, by comparation academic's semiotics' approaches of pragmaticism Ch. S. Peirce and pragmatism H.P. Grice to help with mapping the problematic area which is connected with using terms such as "meaning," and "understanding," and to explore and make less confused the possibilities of the function of the Semantic web.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luis Manuel Malta de Alves Louceiro.pdf: 1818082 bytes, checksum: 8786aaf4801d1196495dedbefe6aea8d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-11 / The main objective of this Master s Dissertation is to know in an unprecedented work to what extent the mystic of Nature, orador, poet, essayist and Transcendentalist philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-82) may have influenced Pragmaticist and Semiotician Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) through his poem, The Sphynx (1841; translated for the first time into Portuguese in Annex 1), which stimulated the latter to offer an answer to the Emersonian enigma in the essay, A Guess at the Riddle (1887-88; translated for the first time into Portuguese in Annex 2), something that, later, according to Nathan Houser & Christian Kloesel, led to the construction of his admirable Architectonic (The Essential Peirce - Volume 1, 245), about which Peirce himself wrote: this book, if ever written, as it soon will be if I am in a situation to do it, will be one of the births of time (Ibid, ibidem). Therefore, in Part I we will analyze Emerson s poem and will highlight his Main Ideas, those present in his own books, essays and poems - before and after the making of the poem (1841) -, so we can know his intellectual development, in his rich dialog with the Western, Middle-Eastern and Eastern philosophies (that influenced him tremendously) -, once the key-idea behind this Master s Dissertation is grounded on Peirce s other comment on The Sphynx - symbols grow in the essay What Is A Sign? (1894) until we get to Emerson s Epistemology of Moods, his Existential Ethics of Sel-Improvement and his Metaphysics of Process, according to Stanley Cavell, who is responsible for the renaissance of Emerson s philosophical studies in the US in the last three decades. In Part II we will make a structural analysis (Martial Guéroult) of the answer Peirce gave to the Emersonian enigma in his essay, A Guess at the Riddle (1887-88) / O principal objetivo desta Dissertação de Mestrado é saber em trabalho inédito - em que medida o místico da Natureza, orador, poeta, ensaísta, e filósofo transcendentalista norteamericano Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-82) pode ter influenciado o pragmaticista e semioticista norte-americano Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) através de seu poema The Sphynx (1841; A Esfinge ; com tradução inédita no Anexo 1), que teria motivado este a oferecer uma resposta ao enigma emersoniano no ensaio A Guess at the Riddle (1887-88; Uma Conjectura ao Enigma ; tradução inédita no Anexo 2), algo que levou Peirce, mais tarde, nas palavras de Nathan Houser & Christian Kloesel, à construção de sua admirável arquitetônica (The Essential Peirce - Volume 1, 245) e sobre o qual o próprio Peirce escreveu: este livro, se alguma vez for escrito, como será se eu estiver na condição de fazê-lo, será um dos acontecimentos da época (The Essential Peirce - Volume 1, p. 245). Assim, na Parte I faremos uma análise do poema emersoniano em que exporemos suas Principais Idéias, aquelas presentes em seus próprios livros, ensaios e poemas - antes e depois da feitura do poema (1841) -, para que possamos conhecer seu desenvolvimento intelectual, no rico diálogo com as tradições filosóficas Ocidental. Médio-Oriental e Oriental (que muito o influenciaram) -, uma vez que a idéia-chave por detrás desta Dissertação está fundada no outro comentário de Peirce ao enigma d A Esfinge - os símbolos crescem no ensaio What Is A Sign? (1894; O Que É Um Signo? ) até chegar à sua Epistemologia de Estados de Espírito, sua Ética Existencial de Auto- Melhoramento e sua Metafísica do Processo, de acordo com Stanley Cavell, que é responsável pelo renascimento dos estudos filosóficos emersonianos nos EUA nas últimas três décadas. Na Parte II faremos uma análise estrutural (Martial Guéroult) da resposta que Peirce forneceu ao enigma emersoniano com seu ensaio, Uma Conjectura ao Enigma (1887-88)

Contemporary philosopher of science Nancy Cartwright (b. 1944) has raised many an eyebrow with her books How the Laws of Physics Lie (1983) and The Dappled World (1999), among others. The primary task of this dissertation is to link her philosophy with that of Charles S. Peirce (1839–1914)—a link that includes Duns Scotus. My focus is especially on the criticism Peirce would have of Cartwright, and on the philosophical support he can offer her. The question is this: Given her stated philosophy of science, to what else must Cartwright be philosophically committed? This includes discussions of metaphysics, scholastic realism, laws of nature, and the very possibility of science. There are many striking similarities between Peirce and Cartwright, but I argue that he sees further and deeper into the metaphysical implications of her views on science. / Graduate