Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:56:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoMGcapa_ate_pag77.pdf: 5723996 bytes, checksum: a055bdfc0c204ace2c884b12163f223b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work regards to the structural conception as a formal element of design in wood architecture. On this approach, the group of projects studied is formed by some realized works of two important Brazilian architects: Severiano Porto and Marcos Acayaba. The time interval comprises the period from 1971 to 1997, which correspond respectively to the years of the creation of first and the last of the analyzed constructions. The research perspective concerns to the relationship between the parts, the whole and the building techniques adopted in each project. Moreover, the analysis focuses on the structure as the link among the different projectual ideas. Thus, the research method firstly includes a survey of specific bibliographies and documents which refer to the structural conception in wood architecture. Secondly,the buildings are analyzed according to the methods of architectural composition discussed through this work. / Este trabalho aborda a concep??o estrutural como elemento formal expressivo na arquitetura em madeira. O universo analisado ? constitu?do de obras constru?das de dois arquiteto nacionais considerados importantes pela cr?tica arquitet?nica: Severiano Porto e Marcos Acayaba. O recorte temporal abrange o per?odo de 1971 a 1997, anos respectivamente da primeira e ?ltima obra que comp?em nossas an?lises. Nosso olhar est? voltado ? natureza das rela??es entre as partes, o todo e as t?cnicas construtivas empregadas em cada obra, sempre com o foco na estrutura como principal articulador das id?ias projetuais para tais obras. Para tanto, num primeiro momento, o m?todo de pesquisa abrange levantamentos bibliogr?ficos e documentais referentes ? concep??o estrutural em obras em madeira para, posteriormente, analisar tais obras de acordo com os m?todos de composi??o arquitet?nica discutida ao longo deste trabalho.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IzabelFAS_ate_apendiceA.pdf: 3897141 bytes, checksum: ee3b61a8271b982a3e8108a50eb792b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-08-12 / This essay studies the contribution of architect Ac?cio Gil Borsoi (1924-), who played an important role in the consolidation of Modern Architecture in the Northeast of Brazil. The universe analyzed is constituted of 48 residential projects, houses and apartment buildings, both built and unbuilt, dating from 1953 to 1970. Considering an analogy between architecture and language, the selected projects were analyzed focusing in the process of creation / Este trabalho estuda a contribui??o do arquiteto Ac?cio Gil Borsoi (1924-), importante figura da consolida??o da Arquitetura Moderna no Nordeste brasileiro. O universo analisado ? constitu?do de 48 projetos residenciais, casas e edif?cios de apartamentos, constru?dos ou n?o, abrangendo o per?odo de 1953-1970. Levando em considera??o a analogia entre arquitetura e linguagem buscou-se analisar os projetos selecionados com objetivo de estudar o processo de cria??o

Forest plantations provide essential services for human beings. More recently, population and economic growth has increasingly intensified the demand for forest products. Forest activities are expanding to new areas due to low land prices and governmental incentives in Brazil. Among others; Timberland Investment Management Organizations (TIMOs) are the type of invertors that have significantly increased their participation in the timberland market. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate investor\'s strategies and the mains aspects related to forest investments in Brazil. The thesis is divided into two chapters. The first chapter investigates the strategies used by TIMOs in Brazil and their declared expectations on returns. The second chapter offers a comprehensive analysis of the level and variability of the return rate for three different regions in Brazil. / As plantações florestais fornecem serviços vitais para os seres humanos. Devido ao crescimento populacional e econômico, a demanda por produtos oriundos de florestas plantadas cresceu rapidamente nos últimos anos.Entre os países que possuem uma forte base florestal, Brasil ocupa um papel essencial como produtor de florestas plantadas. A disponibilidade de terra e a alta produtividade atraíram diversos tipos de investidores para o país. As Timberland Investment Management Organization (TIMOs) estão entre os tipos de investidores ampliou seus investmentos no mercado florestal brasileiro. Em paralelo, o setor florestal brasileiro tem expandido para novas áreas devido ao menor custo da terra e incentivos governamentais. Essa dissertação tem como principal objetivo investigar as estratégias e espectativas dos investidores estrangeiros e os principais aspectos relacionados a projetos florestais no Brasil. A dissertação está dividida em dois capítulo. O primeiro capítulo investiga as principais estratégias e os retornos esperados das TIMOs em investimentos florestais no país. O segundo capítulo analiza os níveis de atratividade e seus retornos em três diferentes regiões do país.

This master’s thesis deals with project management and the proposal of processing of processes centralized procurement purchases. It mentions the issue of theoretical knowledge in project management and planning and principles for legislation of public procurement. Includes analysis of company and of the solved problem, including the proposed solution.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur ett gamification projekt har planerats och genomförts samt att ta fram lärdomar från projektet. Genom att undersöka vilka strategier som används samt vilka insikter som framkom efter projektet är denna studie betydelsefull för projektledare eller projektdeltagare som är intresserad av erfarenhetsbaserat lärande. Studien lyfter fram lärdomar utifrån ett projekt som pågick i 5 år där det innefattade tre aktörer, högskola, mediehus och tech-företag som jobba tillsammans för att leverera en produkt som handlar om gamification inom nyhetsmedier. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ metod i form av intervjuer som sedan transkriberades. Analysen av det insamlade materialet genomfördes med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys för att ta fram teman till resultatet. Resultatet som presenteras har tre teman som framkom som de mest väsentliga i studien, första temat är, Vi gick utan karta, som tar upp vikten av att gemensamt inom projektet ta fram en tydlig projektplan för att utifrån det använda sig av en projektmodell som passar projektet och dess unika genomförande. Andra temat som framkom i resultatet var, Såg inte den gemensamma bilden. Under detta tema skapas en förståelse kring projektets syn och förväntan på projektet utifrån de olika aktörerna där det framkom att visionen och målbilden inte var tydlig och definierad för deltagarna. Tredje temat är, Rollfördelningen som går förlorad, som tar upp vikten av att ha tydliga roller och ansvarsområden inom projektet för att enkelt ta projektet framåt. Detta saknades i projektet och resulterade i att krav, beslut och ansvar inte genomfördes på bästa sätt där ovisshet fanns kring var projektets riktning var på väg och skulle sluta. Studien riktar sig till publik med intresse för erfarenhetsbaserat lärande och vad som kan förbättras till kommande projekt. Det inkluderar chefer, projektledare, projektdeltagare och ansvarig för projektgrupper. / The aim of the study was to investigate how a gamification project has been planned and implemented and to draw lessons from the project. By examining which strategies are used and what insights emerged after the project, this study is important for project managers or project participants who are interested in experience-based learning. The study highlights lessons from a project that continues for 5 years where it includes three actors, a university, media houses and tech companies that work together to deliver a product that is about gamification in news media. The method used was a qualitative method in the form of interviews which were then transcribed. The analysis of the collected material was carried out with the help of a qualitative content analysis to arrive at the end. The result presents three themes that emerged as the most important. The first theme is, define and clear project model, which addresses the importance of jointly within the project to develop and clear project plan to use a project model that suits the project. and its unique implementation. The other theme that emerged in the development was, creating a common image and vision. Under this theme, an understanding is created about the project's view and expectation of the project based on the various actors where it emerged that the vision and goal picture were not clear and defined for the participants. The third theme is, ensures the division of roles in the project, which addresses the importance of having clear roles and areas of responsibility within the project to easily take the project forward. This was missing in the project and resulted in demands, decisions and responsibilities not being implemented in the best way where there was uncertainty about where the project direction was heading and would end. The study is aimed at audiences with an interest in experiential learning and what can be improved for future projects. This includes managers, project managers, project participants and those responsible for project groups.

En utgångspunkt för den föreliggande avhandlingen och doktorsstudien är den spridning och ökning av projektarbetsformens tillämpning, som skett sedan mitten av 1900-talet. Det har blivit allt vanligare med så kallade multiprojektmiljöer, dvs. verksamheter där projekt är en normalt förkommande arbetsform och av så stor betydelse att projektledning och projektstyrning (t.ex. värdering och uppföljning av projekt) är en viktig fråga för organisationens ledning. För många organisationer där förmågan att hantera projektarbetsformen blivit avgörande för överlevnad och lönsamhet finns därför ett stort behov av att förbättra projekthanteringen. Det dominerande synsättet har länge varit att alla projekt i grunden är likartade och kan ledas och styras effektivt med standardiserade projektledningstekniker och modeller. Alltfler forskare menar dock att det är så stora skillnader mellan olika projekttyper att projekthanteringen måste anpassas efter projektens särdrag, vilket förutsätter en möjlighet att analysera det aktuella projektet – att kunna ställa en ”projektdiagnos”. I en ambition att öka kunskapen om projekten i sig, är syftet med doktorsstudien att utveckla beskrivningar av de särdrag i projekt som har avgörande betydelse för projekthantering i multiprojektmiljöer. Tre fallstudier har genomförts i tre organisationer som utvecklat och implementerat en projektmodell för att förbättra sin projekthantering. Fallstudierna har delvis genomförts med aktionsforskning som metod. Detta har gjort det möjligt att studera projekthanteringen under lång tid, och att skapa nyanserade beskrivningar av särdragen i respektive multiprojektmiljö. Utifrån fallstudierna, projektforskningen och egna erfarenheter från projektmiljöer, har ett ramverk för strukturerad projektanalys utformats i syfte att öka resultatens generaliserbarhet. Ramverket, som består av tre analysmodeller och tre grundläggande perspektiv på projekt, utgör en begreppsapparat för strukturerad projektanalys som är fristående från fallstudierna. Studien visar hur särdragen i olika projekttyper, t.ex. förekomsten av dubbla operativa logiker och olika slag av komplexitet, är avgörande dels för projekthanteringen, dels för vilka förbättringsåtgärder som är effektiva i en multiprojektmiljö. Ytterligare ett bidrag från studien är det ramverk som utformats med utgångspunkt i den stora variation som olika projekt uppvisar ur ett resultatperspektiv. / A starting point for the present thesis is the increased application of the project work form, a form that has been growing in usage since the mid 1900s. Today, multiproject environments have become increasingly common, i.e. organisations where projects are a normal part of the working environment and where they are of such great importance that project management and project steering (e.g. evaluation and follow-up) are considered important for the organisation's management. In many organisations where the ability to apply the project work form is critical for survival and profitability, there is a great need to improve the management of projects. The dominating view has long been that all projects are inherently alike, and can be effectively managed and controlled with standardised project management techniques and models. However, more and morere searchers are pointing out that because there are in fact quite distinct differences between different types of projects, project management must be adapted to the distinctive characteristics of the project, which presupposes the possibility of analysing the project in question – of being able to make a "project diagnosis". In an attempt to increase knowledge about projects as a type of work form, this doctoral study aims to develop descriptions of distinctive characteristics in projects that are essential for project management in multiproject environments. Three case studies have been performed in three organisations that have developed and implemented a project model to improve their project management. The case studies have been performed using action research methodology. This has made it possible to study project management during an extended period of time, creating nuanced descriptions of the distinctive characteristics in each multiproject environment. From the case studies, project research and personal experience in project environments, a framework for Structured Project Analysis (SPA) has been designed with the aim of increasing the generalisation of the results. The framework, based on three analysis models and three basic perspectives of projects, provides a conceptual model for structured project analysis independent of the case studies. The study shows how the various distinctive characteristics of different project types, such as the presence of dual operational logics and varying types of complexity, are crucial for both management of projects and for deciding which improvement measures are most effective in a multiproject environment. A further contribution of the study is the framework that has been designed based on the wide variation presented by different projects through a results perspective.

[pt] Em alguns casos pode ser útil para a empresa dividir um projeto em várias subunidades independentes. Esta divisão pode ocorrer, por exemplo, em grandes projetos nos quais são identificados partes integrantes ou módulos com diferentes riscos, retornos, matérias primas, produtos, atividades e mercados. Por outro lado, na avaliação de projetos, a consideração de opções reais de adiar o investimento, investir em informação e parar temporariamente a produção é uma sofisticada e amplificada abordagem, quando comparada com o método tradicional do Valor Presente Líquido (VPL). Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os fatores econômicos de risco de um projeto dividido em várias subunidades independentes identificados como relevantes na análise da distribuição probabilística do VPL; o processo estocástico usado para simular cada um destes fatores; a distribuição probabilística deste VPL utilizando a metodologia de opções reais de adiar o investimento, investir em informação e parar temporariamente a produção, além do valor isolado e conjunto (múltiplo) destas opções para o projeto. Com esses dados, pode-se apresentar uma metodologia para achar a combinação temporal ótima para o início dos investimentos em cada uma das subunidades que constituem este tipo de projeto, aquela em que o valor do VPL deste empreendimento é maximizado. Entre outras contribuições importantes deste trabalho para a análise de risco de projetos, apresentou-se também uma modelagem inédita para a geração de cenários estocásticos apropriados para modelar a incerteza no valor do investimento, um dos principais fatores de risco em projetos. / [en] In some cases it may be advantageous for the company to divide a project into several independent subunits. This can occur, for example, on large projects, in which are identified modules with different risks, returns, raw materials, products, activities and markets. On the other hand, in the assessment of projects, the consideration of real options to postpone investment, invest in information and stop production temporarily is a sophisticated approach compared with the traditional Net Present Value (NPV). Thus, the objective of this work is to present the economic risk factors of a project divided into several independent subunits identified as relevant in the analysis of the probability distribution of NPV; the stochastic process used to simulate each of these factors; the probability distribution of NPV using the methodology of real options to postpone investment, invest in information and temporarily stop production, besides the isolated and multiple value of these options. By making use of these data, we can present a methodology for finding the optimal time combination for the investement in each of the subunits, the one in which the value of the NPV of this project is maximized. Another specific contribution of this work, refers to the generation of appropriate stochastic scenarios to model the uncertainty in the value of investment, one of the main risk factors in projects.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:56:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PollyanaFR.pdf: 9314419 bytes, checksum: 79ef1b1545cd4d9af2a782b4dd572f78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-16 / This research has as its object study focus bioclimatic in architecture and its conection with projects decisions, on what regards to environmental comfort for single-family dwelling. From the analysis of five architectural projects inserted in Natal/RN, warm-moist weather, this research gather informations regarding architectural features guided by shape and space arrengement, which embody important elements for the project design development. Computer simulations assisted as foundation to verify the efficiency grade for these projects strategies from shading analysis. Related strategies for the demands of natural ventilation circulation and thermal mass for refrigeration were analysed as well. Results show that there is an hierarchizing of priorities for the decisions made when it comes to shape and space disposition variables, as well as the way these variables will consider the bioclimatic demands. The analysis, even, show that there is no single way to respond to specific bioclimatic demands, as it points out the value of examination of the projectual solutions throughtout the conception process, in order to achieve an efficient project performance for the envimonment comfort / Esse trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o enfoque bioclim?tico em arquitetura e sua rela??o com as decis?es projetuais, no que se refere ao conforto ambiental em habita??es unifamiliares. A partir da an?lise de cinco projetos inseridos em Natal/RN, clima quente-?mido, a pesquisa levanta informa??es sobre as caracter?sticas arquitet?nicas norteadas pela forma e pelo arranjo espacial, os quais englobam elementos importantes para o desenvolvimento do projeto. Simula??es computacionais serviram de base para verificar o grau de efici?ncia das estrat?gias projetuais a partir da an?lise do sombreamento. Foram analisadas tamb?m estrat?gias relacionadas ?s demandas de ventila??o natural e de massa t?rmica para resfriamento. Os resultados demonstram que h? uma hierarquiza??o de prioridades nas decis?es tomadas quanto ?s vari?veis forma e arranjo espacial, e quanto ? maneira de como essas vari?veis ir?o atender as demandas bioclim?ticas. As an?lises evidenciam, ainda, que n?o h? uma ?nica maneira de responder a demandas bioclim?ticas espec?ficas, assim como apontam para a import?ncia de verifica??o das solu??es projetuais durante todo processo de concep??o, a fim de obter um projeto com desempenho eficiente para o conforto ambiental

Diplomová práce je zaměřena na aplikaci metod projektového řízení ve firmě. Práce nejprve specifikuje teoretické poznatky této oblasti. Na teoretickou část navazuje analýza externího a interního prostředí dané firmy. Na základě výstupů a využití metod projektového managementu je vytvořen možný návrh řešení projektu, který vede k úspěšnému oslovení nového segmentu potencionálních zákazníků.

Il concetto di rete dell'informazione può diventare uno schema logico con cui descrivere l'evoluzione delle politiche sulle energie rinnovabili e sulla sostenibilità? La ricerca è stata svolta analizzando l'architettura delle due reti (internet e reti energetiche) e l'evoluzione del bene prodotto e distribuito nella rete energetica, l'energia, esplicitando l'accessibilità da parte della distribuzione mondiale delle risorse petrolifere tradizionali e delle risorse rinnovabili. La struttura metodologica del progetto di ricerca si basa due tipi di analisi teorica: 1) l'analisi della nascita delle società in rete attraverso le teorie di Manuel Castells (concetto di spazio di flussi) e di Saskia Sassen e l'evoluzione delle città (cap.2 e cap.5) 2) le analisi dei flussi dei materiali e delle energie avendo come riferimento metodologico l'approccio ecologico ideato dai ricercatori dell'istituto per il Clima, l'Ambiente e l'Energia di Wuppertal, Germania (cap.3 e cap.4) La contraddizione tra città innovative e città che sono ai livelli di enormi discariche o di baraccopoli è esposta nel cap.6 attraverso casi studio e progetto dei Programmi Europei. Nell'ultimo capitolo (cap.7) si riassumono le ipotesi di partenza e i risultati della ricerca e si espongono le questioni aperte. / Can internet logic scheme be used as a basis to describe public policies evolution on renewable energies production and sharing in urban areas all over the world? The research project analyses the two networks (internet and energetic grids) architectures in actual and future urban areas. This analysis is connected with present and future forecasts energy productions from traditional fuels and from renewable sources. Theoretical analysis is conducted following a double conceptual pathway: - societal networks (Manuel Castells theory) and urban areas evolution (Saskia Sassen and Mike Davis) in order to picture the evolution of cities and towns in modern economies and in developing countries (Chapters 2 and 5); - Material and Energy Flow Analysis (approach by Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy) applied to renewable energy (Chapters 3 and 4) In Chapter 6 case studies are exposed on the deep cleavage between two different worlds: innovative, rich towns on a side and the landfills cities, slums on the other side. In the last part hypothesis and thesis are put together and open questions are explained (Chapter 7).