A severe burn is one of the most traumatic injuries a person can experience. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is relatively common after burns, and can be devastating for the individual’s possibilities for recovery. The principal aims were to gain knowledge regarding posttraumatic stress symptoms and cognitive processes after burn and to evaluate methods for assessing symptoms of PTSD up to one year after burn. The psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) were examined. The results indicate that the IES-R is a valid screening instrument for measuring PTSD symptoms in patients with burns and it can be used during hospitalisation to identify resilient individuals. The pattern of PTSD symptoms over time was also investigated. Four distinct trajectories of PTSD symptoms were identified, i.e. four groups of patients with significantly different onsets and courses. The trajectories differed in the expected direction regarding several risk factors associated with PTSD symptoms. Several previously known risk factors for PTSD symptoms were also identified including burn severity, psychiatric history, previous life events, early psychological symptoms, neuroticism-related personality traits, avoidant coping and low social support. The risk factors correspond well with those reported in the international trauma literature, which strengthens the findings in this thesis. Finally, using the emotional Stroop task at one year post burn it was found that burn-specific attentional bias was common and associated with more previous life events, more perceived life threat, larger burns and higher levels of PTSD symptoms. In summary, there are individual differences in the development and course of PTSD symptoms after burn and attentional bias is a common cognitive phenomenon related to these symptoms. The findings also support the use of the IES-R as a screening instrument for PTSD symptoms in patients with burns.

No description available.

Psychiatric morbidity in the postpartum period has been a subject of research for years that has been plagued by much controversy. Most of the studies have come from Western countries. Studies that were done in Africa have concentrated on psychotic disorders in in-patients. A pilot study done by Cheetham et al (1981) at King Edward VIII Hospital found a high incidence of 'transient situational disturbances', which required further investigation. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1. To document the spectrum of psychiatric morbidity in an out-patient population of postpartum Zulu women; 2. To define predictive factors which would identify women 'at risk'; 3. To assess the feasibility of 'Western' screening instruments; 4. To investigate whether 'postpartum blues' occurs in Zulu women. RESEARCH DESIGN A prospective, descriptive study was undertaken. Sample Selection: 177 postpartum Zulu women attending the ' Well-Baby' Clinic at King Edward VIII Hospital were randomly selected for inclusion in the study. Methodology: Three questionnaires: The General Health Questionnaire- 30, Pitt's Questionnaire of Anxiety and Depression and The Kennerley Blues Questionnaire were administered to the subjects. A Structured Clinical Interview DSM-III (SCID) was conducted in those women with symptoms. FINDINGS: 1. The majority of the sample were between the ages of 20 and 30 years, unmarried, with a Senior Primary education and a baby of 20 weeks. 2. 45.76% of the sample had a psychiatric diagnosis, with 18.07% having major depression. Other disorders included: adjustment disorders, schizophrenia and dysthymia. 3. Significant variables using Chi-square analysis were: inadequate antenatal care, a negative response from the partner and the absence of cultural rituals. No association was found with demographic and obstetric variables. 4. T-test analysis showed a correlation between the questionnaires and the SCID. 5. 37.3% had experienced 'postpartum blues'. CONCLUSIONS: 1. The spectrum of psychiatric morbidity is affective in nature and similar to other studies. 2. 'Postpartum blues' does occur in Zulu women. 3. Antenatal screening with 'Western' instruments could reduce psychiatric morbidity. 4. The nomenclature of puerperal disorders is inadequate and needs review. 5. More prospective, community-based research is needed, especially in rural Zulu women. / Thesis (M.Med.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1992.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudete.pdf: 871084 bytes, checksum: feedead647cfead9db3a794e0b754fab (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-16 / This study aimed both to describe coping types used by airport workers and to identify signs and symptoms of psychiatric disorders of those workers. Participated in this study 203 workers using a coping scale EMEP (maturity scale for professional choice) and a measurement scale of psychiatric signs and symptoms QMPA (questionnaire of psychiatric morbidity of adults). The study indicated the predominance of positive strategies, such as: a) problem focused ones (3,78), meaning that there is an effort of the person to cope with stressful situations through the search of changes regarding himself/herself and the environment which is causing the tension; b) search for social support (3,13), denoting instrumental support search, emotional or informative character, i.e. while most of the sample had the most positive and integration strategies and had not also psychiatric symptoms and signs. There was therefore indicate that subject that shaped this sample submitted more positive responses in stressful situations cognitive in front of while they were not suspected of psychiatric symptoms; in addition to the fact that there has been a line between the measuring instruments used in this study. A small part of the sample showed psychiatric signs and symptoms (23,2 %), as well as a greater use of strategies focused on emotion (2,50), meaning, and strategies of negative coping. Although those represented a small number of the studied population, we believe it to be of concern, due to the fact that they are airport workers performing important functions both, in handling and in aircraft maneuvering at the ground, as well as regarding their way of dealing with people. This implies that the indicators of such signs and symptoms as well as the use of associated strategies which are considered to be negative show that this small group of workers should be accompanied by the Health and Human Resources team of the company. In this sense a job of constant accompaniment of workers in general is being suggested in order to identify those who need psychological and medical support and those who can be relocated within the airport to other functions. The accompaniment with adequate instruments, besides being a preventive strategy and a promotion of psychological health insofar as it can serve as a facilitator to the detection of mental symptomatology it can also serve to adequate planning of health programs. This aspect can be seen as a benefit at work and as a health predicting factor.(AU) / Esse estudo teve por objetivos identificar sinais e sintomas de transtornos psiquiátricos e descrever tipos de enfrentamento utilizados por trabalhadores aeroportuários. Participaram desse estudo 203 trabalhadores e utilizou-se uma Escala Modo de enfrentamento problemas EMEP e uma Escala de Medida de Sinais e Sintomas psiquiátricos QMPA. Os resultados indicaram predomínio de estratégias positivas : a) focalizadas no problema (3,78) que significam que há um esforço do indivíduo no enfrentamento de situações estressantes procurando mudanças na relação entre o indivíduo e o ambiente causador de tensão; b) busca de suporte social (3,13), denotando busca de apoio instrumental, emocional ou de caráter informativo, ou seja, enquanto a maior parte da amostra apresentava estratégias mais positivas e integradoras também não apresentava sinais e sintomas psiquiátricos. Houve, portanto indicativos de que os sujeitos que compuseram essa amostra apresentaram mais respostas positivas em seus esforços cognitivos ante as situações estressantes ao mesmo tempo em que eram não suspeitos de sintomas psiquiátricos; acrescendo ao fato de que houve consonância entre os instrumentos de medida utilizados no presente estudo. Porém, uma pequena parte da amostra apresentou sinais e sintomas psiquiátricos (23,2%), bem como maior utilização de estratégias focalizadas na emoção (2,50), ou seja, estratégias de enfrentamento negativas. Embora esse fosse um número pequeno em relação à amostra total, considera-se preocupante, dado ao fato de serem trabalhadores aeroportuários e exercerem importantes funções tanto em relação ao manejo e orientação de manobras de aeronaves no solo como em relação à lida com pessoas; de modo que a associação entre sinais e sintomas com estratégias consideradas negativas implicam em transtornos que merecem acompanhamento pela equipe de saúde e de recursos humanos na empresa. É nesse sentido que aqui se sugere um trabalho de constante acompanhamento com trabalhadores em geral, a fim de verificar aqueles que necessitam de suporte psicológico e médico e aqueles que podem ser remanejados de suas funções dentro do aeroporto. O acompanhamento com instrumentais adequados, além de serem preventivos e promotores de saúde psicológica, na medida em que facilitam a detecção de sintomatologias mentais, também auxilia no planejamento de programas de saúde e, por conseguinte, como benefício no trabalho e fator preditor de saúde.(AU)

Base teórica e objetivo: Cefaléia tensional crônica e enxaqueca têm incidências de 22,63% e 17,89%, respectivamente, entre estudantes universitários. Neste estudo foram analisados fatores associados ao impacto da cefaléia crônica na vida diária de estudantes universitários, especialmente a influência de um screening positivo para rastreamento de transtornos psiquiátricos menores. Métodos: Este estudo transversal incluiu 372 estudantes universitários. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram: um questionário com perguntas sóciodemográficas, um questionário com perguntas para estabelecer o diagnóstico da cefaléia, de acordo com a Sociedade Internacional de Cefaléia (IHS), o Short- Form Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) , uma escala visual analógica, a escala de sonolência Epworth , o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) , e o WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 . Regressão multivariada foi utilizada para determinar fatores independentes associados ao impacto da cefaléia crônica. Resultados: As razões de prevalência (RP) da associação entre o impacto severo da cefaléia crônica sobre a vida diária e transtornos psiquiátricos menores foi de 2,78, na análise que incluiu com todos os estudantes. Porém, quando foi analisado o subgrupo com cefaléia crônica, esta RP aumentou para 4,04. Enxaqueca e cefaléia crônica tensional tiveram RP de 3,41 e 10,09, respectivamente. Outros co-fatores independentes associados à severidade do impacto da cefaléia foram: sexo feminino (RP =2,01), sonolência diurna (RP =2,37), menor desempenho acadêmico (RP =2,14) e mãe com menos anos de escolaridade (RP=1,07). Conclusão: A identificação de uma associação entre transtornos psiquiátricos menores e o grau de incapacidade determinado pela cefaléia crônica entre estudantes universitários pode ser útil para investigações mais aprofundadas de uma relação causal entre o impacto negativo da cefaléia na qualidade de vida, transtornos psiquiátricas maiores, desempenhos acadêmico e profissional. / Background: Chronic tension headache and migraine have incidences of 22.63% and 17.89% among university students. This study assessed factors associated with the impact of chronic headache on everyday life, especially the influence of a positive screening for minor psychiatric disorders. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 372 university students. Assessment instruments were a questionnaire with socio-demographic questions and the diagnosis of headache according to the International Headache Society (IHS), Short-Form Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), a visual analog scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20. Multivariate conditional regression modeling was used to determine independent predictors of impact of chronic headache. Results: The prevalence odds ratio (OR) of association between severe impact of chronic headache on everyday life and minor psychiatric disorders was of 2.78 in the analysis with all students. However, when analyzed the subgroup with chronic headache, this OR increased to 4.04. Migraine and chronic tension headache had an OR of 3.41 and 10.09, respectively. Other independent cofactors associated with the severity of the impact of headache were female gender (OR =2.01), daytime sleepiness (OR=2.37), lower scholastic performance (OR=2.14) and mother with fewer years of schooling (OR=1.07). Conclusions: The identification of an association between minor psychiatric disorders and the severity of the disability of chronic headache among university students may be useful towards opening up possibilities for further investigation of a causal relation between the negative impact of headache and quality of life, major psychiatric disorders, and academic and professional performance.

O impacto da dimensão matutinidade/vespertinidade pode interferir no comportamento social e na saúde do indivíduo. Nos últimos anos, esta dimensão tem sido amplamente estudada dentro do âmbito da cronobiologia. Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo determinar o cronotipo de estudantes universitários do 6º semestre dos cursos de turno integral da Universidade de Passo Fundo - Rio Grande do Sul e observar a associação desses cronotipos com parâmetros sociodemográficos, comportamentais e também com a qualidade do sono, a sonolência diurna e distúrbios psiquiátricos menores. Os instrumentos utilizados na pesquisa foram: Pittsburg (PSQI), para avaliar a prevalência da qualidade do sono; Horne Ostberg (MEQ), para determinar o cronotipo; o SRQ20, para os distúrbios psiquiátricos menores; o Epwort (ESS), para sonolência diurna; o AUDIT, para o uso de álcool, e um questionário para variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais. Participaram do estudo 372 estudantes, 66,7% do sexo feminino e 33,3% masculino, com idade média de 21,6 anos DP±3,08 (IC min18 max 50); 92,2% não faziam uso de tabaco; 58,9% praticam atividade física e 58,6 % apresentaram consumo de risco para o álcool; referiram trabalhar no terceiro turno 19,7%. Quanto à prevalência para os cronotipos, foram encontrados cronotipos indiferentes 55,9%, seguidos de 39,5% para vespertinos e 4,6% matutinos. Cronotipos vespertinos foram associados ao sexo masculino odds ratio OR=1,72; pobre qualidade do sono OR=1,89; distúrbios psiquiátricos menores OR=1,92 e uso de tabaco OR=3,65. Estes resultados apontam a necessidade de ações educativas e preventivas para esta população vulnerável, no intuito de minimizar possíveis danos à sua saúde física e mental. / The impact of morningness-eveningness dimension can affect social behavior and individual health. The aim of the present study was to determine the chronotype of full time university students in the 6th semester of the Universidade de Passo Fundo - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil - and evaluate its influence in behavioral parameters. The instruments used in the study were: a demographic questionnaire; PSQI to evaluate sleep quality; MEQ to determine chronotypes; SRQ-20 to minor psychiatric disorders; ESS to daytime sleepiness; AUDIT to alcohol use. 372 students participated in the study: 66.7% were female and 33.3% were male; aged 21.6 years + 3.08 (mean +SD). 92,2% did not use tobacco, 58.9% practiced physical activity and 58,6 showed risks of alcohol abuse; 19.7% reported working in third shift. Regarding the prevalence of chronotypes, it was found 55,9% of indifferent chronotypes, 39,5% of evening, and 4,6% of morning type. Evening chronotypes was associated that male gender odds ratio OR =1,72; poor sleep quality OR=1,89; minor psyquiatric disorders OR= 1,92 and tobacco use OR=3,65. So this study concluded that evening chronotype was related with gender, poor sleep quality, minor psychiatric disorders and tobacco use in the studied population and points to preventive actions and education for this vulnerable population.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio (fiscina@bahia.fiocruz.br) on 2012-12-05T20:20:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Tavares Rubim de Pinho Perfil de morbidade... 2006.pdf: 81184537 bytes, checksum: 48f076781a8ab82998dc5db5ee31f2bf (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-12-05T20:20:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Tavares Rubim de Pinho Perfil de morbidade... 2006.pdf: 81184537 bytes, checksum: 48f076781a8ab82998dc5db5ee31f2bf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública / Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz / A literatura científica internacional tem apontado índices mais altos de transtornos psiquiátricos em adolescentes em conflito com a lei do que entre indivíduos da mesma faixa etária na população geral. A insuficiência de pesquisas sobre o tema, no Brasil, motivou a realização do presente estudo. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil psiquiátrico dos adolescentes em privação de liberdade, numa instituição em Salvador/Bahia. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, censitário, de corte transversal, que teve por universo uma população de 290 jovens, cumprindo medidas de privação de liberdade na Casa de Acolhimento ao Menor (CAM), entre 2002 e 2003. Foram utilizados um questionário - para identificar dados demográficos, sinais e sintomas psicopatológicos, dados psicossociais - e uma entrevista semi-estruturada para o exame dos adolescentes pesquisados. Resultados: Perfil sociodemográfico: 89,3% eram do sexo masculino; idade média de 16,4 anos; 92,8% tinham o primeiro grau incompleto ou eram analfabetos; 67,6% com renda familiar menor que um salário mínimo e 54% eram procedentes da capital do Estado da Bahia. Dos 290 indivíduos investigados, 24,8% não apresentaram transtornos mentais e 75,2% apresentaram transtornos psiquiátricos, segundo a CID-10. Considerando as patologias isoladamente, a prevalência encontrada foi de 39,3%. Quando analisadas isoladamente e em comorbidade, foram obtidas as seguintes taxas de prevalência: transtornos de conduta 39,3%; transtornos por uso nocivo de substância psicoativa 27,9%; retardo mental 11,7%; transtornos hipercinéticos 11,4%; outros transtornos psicóticos 7,2%; esquizofrenia 2,4%; estados depressivos 5,5%; estados de ansiedade 5,5%; e transtornos mentais orgânicos 3,4%. Relacionando tipo de patologia com modalidade de delito cometido, foram observadas associações estatisticamente significativas de: transtornos de conduta com homicídio e com roubo; transtornos hipercinéticos com roubo; e estados depressivos com roubo. Ao analisar os fatores de risco psicossociais, constatou-se que os transtornos de conduta, os transtornos por uso nocivo de substância psicoativa e os transtornos hipercinéticos apresentaram associação estatisticamente significante com fatores como maus-tratos, abuso sexual, criminalidade e assassinato na família. Conclusão: Existe relação entre o comportamento infrator e o transtorno psiquiátrico no adolescente. Chama a atenção a alta freqüência de jovens com transtorno de conduta, e o fator social tem um peso relevante na ocorrência dessa patologia. O adolescente em conflito com a lei, portador de enfermidade psiquiátrica, necessita de tratamento médico, psicológico e pedagógico, capaz de promover a sua reinserção na esfera social. Os resultados apontaram para a necessidade de se estabelecer estratégias efetivas de prevenção e tratamento na área da saúde mental do menor, bem como garantir a ele todos os direitos fundamentais, possibilitando-lhe um pleno desenvolvimento. / Higher prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders have been reported among adolescents in conflict with the law then among their counterparts on the general population. The paucity of studies on the topic in Brazil has motivated the current study. Aim: To describe the psychiatric profile of adolescents in conflict with the law on a Juvenile Justice institution in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, census study that enrolled a population of 290 adolescents kept on deprivation of liberty regimen at the Casa de Acolhimento ao Menor (CAM), in Salvador/Bahia, in 2002 and 2003. A questionnaire was used to collect demographic and psychosocial data as well as psychopathologic signs and symptoms, and a semistructured interview was carried out on the examination of the adolescents enrolled. Results; Social-demographic profile: 89.3% were male; average age: 16.4 years; 92.8% had not completed the basic school years or could not read; 67.6% had a monthly family income below one minimum salary and 54.0% had come from the capital of the state of Bahia. Among the 290 adolescents enrolled, 24.8% had no mental disturbance, while 75.2% had at least one psychiatric disorder according to ICD-10. Considering the pathologies separately, the prevalence was 39.3%. When analyzed separately and in comorbidity, the following prevalence rates were found: behavioral disorders 39.3%; disorders due to noxious use of psychoactive drugs 27.9%; mental retardation 11.7%; hyperkinetic disorders 11.4%; other psychotic disorders 7.2%; schizophrenia 2.4%; depressive states 5.5%; anxiety states 5.5%; and organic mental conditions 3.4%. Confronting the type of pathology and the type of crime committed, statistically significant associations were found between: behavioral disorders and homicide; behavioral disorders and robbery; hyperkinetic disorders and robbery; depressive states and robbery. Analyzing psychosocial risk factors, it was observed that behavioral disorders, disorders due to noxious use of psychoactive drugs and hyperkinetic disorders are statistically associated with maltreatment, sexual abuse and history of crimes or murder on the family. Conclusion: There is an association between transgressor behaviors and psychiatric disorders in adolescents. The elevated frequency of adolescents with behavioral disorders and the social determinants to the occurrence of that condition must be stressed. Adolescents In conflict with the law and with psychiatric conditions need medical treatment, as well as psychological and pedagogical support In order to promote his/her social reinsertion. The results herein presented highlight the need of establishing effective preventive and therapeutic approaches on the field of adolescents’ mental health and of warranting all their fundamental rights, allowing their full development.

Base teórica e objetivo: Cefaléia tensional crônica e enxaqueca têm incidências de 22,63% e 17,89%, respectivamente, entre estudantes universitários. Neste estudo foram analisados fatores associados ao impacto da cefaléia crônica na vida diária de estudantes universitários, especialmente a influência de um screening positivo para rastreamento de transtornos psiquiátricos menores. Métodos: Este estudo transversal incluiu 372 estudantes universitários. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram: um questionário com perguntas sóciodemográficas, um questionário com perguntas para estabelecer o diagnóstico da cefaléia, de acordo com a Sociedade Internacional de Cefaléia (IHS), o Short- Form Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) , uma escala visual analógica, a escala de sonolência Epworth , o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) , e o WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 . Regressão multivariada foi utilizada para determinar fatores independentes associados ao impacto da cefaléia crônica. Resultados: As razões de prevalência (RP) da associação entre o impacto severo da cefaléia crônica sobre a vida diária e transtornos psiquiátricos menores foi de 2,78, na análise que incluiu com todos os estudantes. Porém, quando foi analisado o subgrupo com cefaléia crônica, esta RP aumentou para 4,04. Enxaqueca e cefaléia crônica tensional tiveram RP de 3,41 e 10,09, respectivamente. Outros co-fatores independentes associados à severidade do impacto da cefaléia foram: sexo feminino (RP =2,01), sonolência diurna (RP =2,37), menor desempenho acadêmico (RP =2,14) e mãe com menos anos de escolaridade (RP=1,07). Conclusão: A identificação de uma associação entre transtornos psiquiátricos menores e o grau de incapacidade determinado pela cefaléia crônica entre estudantes universitários pode ser útil para investigações mais aprofundadas de uma relação causal entre o impacto negativo da cefaléia na qualidade de vida, transtornos psiquiátricas maiores, desempenhos acadêmico e profissional. / Background: Chronic tension headache and migraine have incidences of 22.63% and 17.89% among university students. This study assessed factors associated with the impact of chronic headache on everyday life, especially the influence of a positive screening for minor psychiatric disorders. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 372 university students. Assessment instruments were a questionnaire with socio-demographic questions and the diagnosis of headache according to the International Headache Society (IHS), Short-Form Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), a visual analog scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20. Multivariate conditional regression modeling was used to determine independent predictors of impact of chronic headache. Results: The prevalence odds ratio (OR) of association between severe impact of chronic headache on everyday life and minor psychiatric disorders was of 2.78 in the analysis with all students. However, when analyzed the subgroup with chronic headache, this OR increased to 4.04. Migraine and chronic tension headache had an OR of 3.41 and 10.09, respectively. Other independent cofactors associated with the severity of the impact of headache were female gender (OR =2.01), daytime sleepiness (OR=2.37), lower scholastic performance (OR=2.14) and mother with fewer years of schooling (OR=1.07). Conclusions: The identification of an association between minor psychiatric disorders and the severity of the disability of chronic headache among university students may be useful towards opening up possibilities for further investigation of a causal relation between the negative impact of headache and quality of life, major psychiatric disorders, and academic and professional performance.

O impacto da dimensão matutinidade/vespertinidade pode interferir no comportamento social e na saúde do indivíduo. Nos últimos anos, esta dimensão tem sido amplamente estudada dentro do âmbito da cronobiologia. Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo determinar o cronotipo de estudantes universitários do 6º semestre dos cursos de turno integral da Universidade de Passo Fundo - Rio Grande do Sul e observar a associação desses cronotipos com parâmetros sociodemográficos, comportamentais e também com a qualidade do sono, a sonolência diurna e distúrbios psiquiátricos menores. Os instrumentos utilizados na pesquisa foram: Pittsburg (PSQI), para avaliar a prevalência da qualidade do sono; Horne Ostberg (MEQ), para determinar o cronotipo; o SRQ20, para os distúrbios psiquiátricos menores; o Epwort (ESS), para sonolência diurna; o AUDIT, para o uso de álcool, e um questionário para variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais. Participaram do estudo 372 estudantes, 66,7% do sexo feminino e 33,3% masculino, com idade média de 21,6 anos DP±3,08 (IC min18 max 50); 92,2% não faziam uso de tabaco; 58,9% praticam atividade física e 58,6 % apresentaram consumo de risco para o álcool; referiram trabalhar no terceiro turno 19,7%. Quanto à prevalência para os cronotipos, foram encontrados cronotipos indiferentes 55,9%, seguidos de 39,5% para vespertinos e 4,6% matutinos. Cronotipos vespertinos foram associados ao sexo masculino odds ratio OR=1,72; pobre qualidade do sono OR=1,89; distúrbios psiquiátricos menores OR=1,92 e uso de tabaco OR=3,65. Estes resultados apontam a necessidade de ações educativas e preventivas para esta população vulnerável, no intuito de minimizar possíveis danos à sua saúde física e mental. / The impact of morningness-eveningness dimension can affect social behavior and individual health. The aim of the present study was to determine the chronotype of full time university students in the 6th semester of the Universidade de Passo Fundo - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil - and evaluate its influence in behavioral parameters. The instruments used in the study were: a demographic questionnaire; PSQI to evaluate sleep quality; MEQ to determine chronotypes; SRQ-20 to minor psychiatric disorders; ESS to daytime sleepiness; AUDIT to alcohol use. 372 students participated in the study: 66.7% were female and 33.3% were male; aged 21.6 years + 3.08 (mean +SD). 92,2% did not use tobacco, 58.9% practiced physical activity and 58,6 showed risks of alcohol abuse; 19.7% reported working in third shift. Regarding the prevalence of chronotypes, it was found 55,9% of indifferent chronotypes, 39,5% of evening, and 4,6% of morning type. Evening chronotypes was associated that male gender odds ratio OR =1,72; poor sleep quality OR=1,89; minor psyquiatric disorders OR= 1,92 and tobacco use OR=3,65. So this study concluded that evening chronotype was related with gender, poor sleep quality, minor psychiatric disorders and tobacco use in the studied population and points to preventive actions and education for this vulnerable population.

The current increasing number of people with psychiatric disorders is followed not only economic but also social consequences. There are still prejudices against the mentally ill in our society, they are considered to be incompetent, sometimes dangerous, and thus discrimination and stigmatization of the mentally ill occur. Stigmatization can be prevented by awareness and health education provided to both the general public and medical staff coming into contact with the mentally ill. Health and social workers should be familiar with not only basic manifestations of mental disorders, but also basic principles of treatment and communication with clients with specific mental illnesses, since it is the only way how to achieve good cooperation and create a climate of trust. The aim of this thesis is to get to know the approach of health and social workers to clients with psychiatric disorders. The thesis is supposed to show how health and social workers regard the patients with mental illnesses, if they can recognize symptoms of mental disorders and if they know principles of the right approach to the mentally ill. To get the results, 25 interviews with health and social workers who do not specialize in treating the mentally ill were carried out. The research results show that health and social workers can define what all the term mental illness may involve, they are familiar with the issue of stigmatization and know the main symptoms of specific mental disorders and basic principles of approach to clients. Based on the research outcomes, two hypotheses can be stated: 1. Health and social workers respect the clients with mental illnesses and treat them with regard to symptoms of their illness. 2. Health and social workers are familiar with the specifics and particularities of the approach to clients with specific mental illnesses. The thesis will be used as feedback for health professionals.