There is a lack of academic knowledge concerning mechanisms through which sustainable transitions are promoted. Sustainable transitions in the infrastructure system are key to achieve multiple other SDGs, and the infrastructure development gap is particularly critical in developing countries. Agenda 2030 clearly states the importance of joint action. It is, therefore, relevant to investigate how sustainable transitions can be promoted through collaborations between public and private actors. Specifically, how sustainable transitions in the infrastructure system in low-income countries can be promoted. The notion of public-private partnerships (PPPs) was used to describe collaboration, and sociotechnical system (STS) transitions were used to describe transitions. To examine how PPPs can promote transitions in STS, an Ethiopian case study was conducted. The case used was a technical and vocational school called HDECOVA located in Addis Ababa. A collaborative project between public and private actors. The empirical data was obtained from key actors in the partnership surrounding HDECOVA, both in the form of interviews and documents. To analyze the empirical data, a theoretical and conceptual framework was synthesized borrowing from theories on STS, PPPs, the holistic transition framework Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) and Principal-Agent Theory. The result showed HDECOVA has affected sustainable transitions in the infrastructure system, mainly through effects on the labor market and the education system. The results showed that the mechanisms, through which HDECOVA has promoted shifts in systems, are mainly scaling up and decreasing skill gaps. The results suggest that HDECOVA has successfully promoted sustainable transitions by being aligned with identified development challenges in the infrastructure system. On this basis, it can be suggested that PPPs can promote sustainable transitions by affecting regime- and niche levels of the system.

We studied a live video conferencing project based in Ghana, because we wanted to determine whether this is one area where Information Communication Technology (ICT) can have an impact on communication for development. We also wanted to better understand whether live video conferencing is a viable way to go forward with Information Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) and, if so, what benefits it has to offer. To complement the study, we also looked at two other NGOs which are also using similar technology and have a purpose similar to the WPD live video-conference program, which is to create a space for knowledge and cultural exchange with the help of ICT. The additional programs will add a complementary comparative dimension to the analysis of the case study of WPD. It is important to have these two projects in mind since they use two vastly different methods and can provide a reflective understanding on how WPD can move forward as they are in a transitional phase and are currently exploring different ways to develop the project, mainly involving changes in management structure and technology. We studied the WPD project with the complementary information from the other two projects from an academic perspective to document and analyze the outcomes in order to determine which good practices are available when undertaking similar initiatives. From a theoretical perspective, we analyze the projects using research related to participatory communication, the public sphere, and the digital divide. From a practical perspective, we again examine issues related to the digital divide and the growing influence of communications technologies companies due to public-private partnerships.

No / The World Health Organization (WHO) was intended to serve at the forefront of efforts to realize human rights to advance global health, and yet this promise of a rights-based approach to health has long been threatened by political constraints in international relations, organizational resistance to legal discourses, and medical ambivalence toward human rights. Through legal research on international treatyobligations, historical research in the WHO organizational archives, and interview research with global health stakeholders, this research examines WHO's contributions to (and, in many cases, negligence of) the rights-based approach to health. Based upon such research, this article analyzes the evolving role of WHO in the development and implementation of human rights for global health, reviews the current state of human rights leadership in the WHO Secretariat, and looks to future institutions to reclaim the mantle of human rights as a normative framework for global health governance. (C) 2013 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Public sector organisations are established in order to promote the quality of citizen's lives through the provision of public services. However, the demands for public services often outstrip the limited resources at the disposal of the public sector for the delivery of such services. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are emerging as an important tool of public policy to deliver public infrastructure and the attendant services. The main aim of this study is to establish the extent to which PPPs can be used to improve the quality of the delivery of secondary education in the Gaborone City area in Botswana. The study includes a conceptual analysis of the nature of the public services in general, and in particular, the nature and the provision of secondary education in Botswana with specific reference to the Gaborone City area. The study also includes a conceptual analysis of PPPs as gleaned from published literature. Various dimensions of PPPs are analysed and these include but are not limited to definitions, benefits, models and the antecedents for the successful implementation of PPPs. Among the various models that are analysed in the study, the design, build, operate and finance (DBOF) model is preferred for improving the quality of the delivery of secondary education in the Gaborone City area in Botswana. In addition to the conceptual analysis, an empirical research study is undertaken in which the secondary school heads are the respondents to a structured questionnaire. The results of the empirical research support the conceptual analysis to the extent that in both cases, it is possible to improve the quality of the delivery of secondary education through PPPs. More secondary schools can be built and more facilities be made available to schools. Through the use of PPPs, most if not all learners can receive the entire secondary education programme, from junior to senior secondary education. Existing secondary schools can be modernised through PPPs. Ancillary services can be delivered by the organisations that have the necessary expertise. Certain antecedents for the successful implementation of PPPs are necessary. Through PPPs, secondary schools can be made attractive and intellectually stimulating. / Public Administration / (D.Litt. et Phil. ( Public Administration))

From its formation, the American federal government partnered with private organizations to accomplish state goals. With little formal organizational capacity, the American state relied on the resources and credibility of private organizations. This thesis investigates the success of public-private partnerships in American state-building. By looking at alternative enforcement mechanisms, this thesis adds to theories of state-building and private power. The American experience helps us conceive a more nuanced perspective on state formation that recognizes the state’s varying tools rather than focusing solely on the development of formal organizational capacity. The questions driving this thesis are: How can public-private partnerships expand state capacity? Are there systematic differences in the outcomes and purposes of partnerships based on the branch of government – whether legislative, presidential, bureaucratic, or judicial – that mediates the partnership? My case studies examine the use of partnerships in the early state’s interactions with American Indian tribes. The cases put these general questions into more focus by examining if these partnerships expanded state capacity to dictate the terms of engagement and the content of racial orders. When these partnerships expand capacity, I explore the ways in which this state goal is accomplished. However, I remain acutely aware of the potential for partnerships to both fail to build capacity or become merely means to service a private interest.

A travers cette thèse, notre objectif de départ a été de comprendre en quoi l'atteinte des objectifs sociaux des PPP dépend des mesures prises par les gestionnaires publics dans le cadre de l'exercice de leurs rôles et responsabilités en matière de contrôle.C'est pourquoi il a été question pour nous de comprendre comment les pouvoirs publics au travers des dispositifs institutionnels et contractuels ont exercé ce rôle de contrôle sur le partenaire privé. Sur la base d'une telle orientation, il a été souscrit aux méthodes qualitatives notamment à l'étude de cas pour appréhender le contrôle dans les PPP. Sur l'institutionnalisation des axes comme la prise en compte de toutes les parties prenantes, les différences d'objectifs, les rôles et responsabilités, l'absence de hiérarchie ont été tour à tour analysés. Ce qui a permis d'en faire des préalables des PPP. S'agissant de la contractualisation, il a fallu s'intéresser aux modèles de contrôle qui étaient basés sur la nécessité d'apporter des corrections au système, et sur ceux qui créent les conditions d'imputabilité. En conclusion de ce point, il apparaitra que les contrats devraient s'appuyer sur des éléments de performance. Enfin, sur le traitement des divergences entre partenaires les différences d'objectifs, de valeurs et de caractéristiques, l'opportunisme des partenaires surtout privés, la nécessité d'une alliance et d'une coopération, le pragmatisme des partenaires ont été mis en avant. Autrement dit dans les PPP, il est nécessaire de procéder au management de telles divergences. / Through this PhD thesis, our initial objective was to understand the control exercised by the government on their private partners in the Public-Private Partnerships. This was necessitated by the differences in objectives of the partner institutions and their different characteristics.This is why it has been the question for us to understand how the authorities through the institutional and contractual arrangements exercised this role of control over the private partner.On the basis of such an approach, it was subscribed to qualitative methods including case study to understand the control on the PPP.On the institutionalization, axis such as the inclusion of all the stakeholders, the differences in objectives, the roles and responsibilities, the lack of hierarchy were alternately analyzed. This allowing to make them prerequisites to PPPs.With respect to contracting, we had to look at the control models which were based on the need to correct the system and on those which create the conditions of accountability. To conclude this point, it will appear that contracts should be based on elements of performance.Finally, on the treatment of the differences between partners, the differences in goals, values and characteristics, the opportunism of partners especially the private ones, the need for an alliance and cooperation, the pragmatism of partners have been highlighted. In other words in the PPP, it is necessary to manage such differences.

Glasgow fut une ville pionnière en Grande-Bretagne dans la mise en place au début des années quatre-vingt d’une politique de régénération urbaine, sociale et économique basée sur les arts et la culture, exemplifiant le tournant vers une gestion entrepreneuriale de la ville. Les arts et la culture sont ainsi devenus le levier principal de sa reconversion déterminée vers une économie de services et de tou-risme. Ce travail de recherche se propose de démontrer que cette politique, qui s’installe de manière irréversible pendant la période de gouvernement conservateur de M. Thatcher, a non seulement engen-dré des transformations économiques et physiques de grande ampleur mais qu’elle a également très clairement œuvré dans le sens d’une transformation tout aussi radicale de l’identité de la ville. Il apparaît que c’est un processus voulu par les élites travaillistes de la ville et revendiqué, assumé, organisé de fa-çon consciente et méthodique qui puise ses fondements idéologiques dans une vision néolibérale du développement économique et du rôle de la culture. Nous tentons également de démontrer que, en dépit de la mise en place de partenariats public-privés sous la forme de sociétés locales de développe-ment, ce processus n’a guère réussi à inverser une dynamique de relégation en périphérie des popula-tions les plus défavorisées déjà fortement ancrée depuis les décennies précédentes. Enfin, nous mon-trons que ce processus de régénération urbaine a provoqué diverses formes d’opposition et de résis-tance qui renvoient indiscutablement au passé de luttes industrielles et de politique radicale de la ville, éléments majeurs de son identité. / Glasgow was one of the first cities in Great-Britain to place the arts and culture at the heart of its economic and social urban regeneration policy in order to move from an industrial economy to a service and tourism-led economy and to recreate a positive image that would lure investment and people. This research aims at demonstrating that this process of economic, social and urban regeneration, which took momentum during Margaret Thatcher’s term as British Prime Minister between 1979 and 1990, led not only to large-scale economic and physical changes but also to a radical change of the city’s identity. It appears that this policy of urban regeneration was willingly and consciously implemented by the local Labour administration in a very systematic and assertive way and that it can clearly be associated to a deeply-rooted process of neo-liberalisation of the city space. We also try to demonstrate that, although public-private partnerships were set up in the peripheral neighbourhoods to implement programmes of urban regeneration including physical, social and economic dimensions, very little has eventually been achieved regarding the high level of deprivation in some of the peripheral estates. We finally show that this process of urban regeneration induced different forms of resistance and opposition whose patterns undoubtedly refer to the strong legacy of industrial dispute and radical politics which are key components of the city’s identity.

A inovação é um dos fenômenos mais importantes na economia e nos negócios nos tempos atuais, e, neste contexto, as instituições de pesquisa são cada vez mais vistas como veículos para a transferência de tecnologia e um canal por meio do qual a troca de conhecimento se torna mais eficaz. No Brasil, um grande marco rumo à inovação foi a publicação da lei de inovação em 2004. No âmbito do Estado de São Paulo, a publicação de lei semelhante aconteceu em 2008. Dentre os benefícios trazidos com essas leis, está a criação dos Núcleos de Inovação Tecnológica - NIT. Apesar do interesse crescente no estudo a respeito dos NIT, há poucos estudos que discutem a estrutura desses NIT, e, ainda, no Brasil, não há estudo sobre estruturação e gestão de NIT na administração direta. Assim, este trabalho, através de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se o estudo de casos múltiplos, discute a estruturação dos NIT na administração direta do estado de São Paulo, de modo que esses NIT possam impactar positivamente nos resultados de inovação do Estado de São Paulo. No que se refere à estrutura dos NIT: compartilhamento, por meio de um escritório central e unidades; estrutura híbrida, ou semicentralizada; utilização das fundações de apoio existentes para fazer a gestão dos recursos financeiros e das atividades dos NIT. As áreas identificadas como prioritárias para os NIT são: propriedade intelectual, transferência de tecnologia ou parceria, e assessoria jurídica. Outros pontos que a autora recomenda que devem ser melhorados para refletir positivamente nos resultados de inovação do Estado de São Paulo são: existência, no âmbito do Estado de São Paulo, de uma Política de Inovação; as Instituições Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo devem fazer o planejamento estratégico da sua instituição, de modo a orientar as pesquisas que serão realizadas na ICTESP; definição dos objetivos a serem alcançados com a pesquisa, e implantação de um modelo estratégico para gerenciamento da Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; a atuação do NIT precisa estar alinhada com esse planejamento estratégico da ICTESP; alinhamento e engajamento das instâncias jurídicas; é desejável que o Estado promova a aproximação dos institutos públicos com a iniciativa privada; e existência de linhas de fomento para inovação. / Innovation is one of the most important phenomena in economics and business today. In this context research institutions are increasingly seen as a vehicle for technology transfer and a channel through which knowledge exchange becomes more effective. In Brazil, a major milestone towards innovation was the publication of the innovation law, in 2004. At the State of Sao Paulo, a similar law was published in 2008. One important benefit brought by these laws is the creation of the Technology Transfer Offices - TTO. Despite the increasing interest in the study about TTO, there is a gap in study about its structure. Moreover, there is no study in Brazil about the implementation and management of TTO in public research institutions. So, this paper, through a qualitative study with multiple cases discuss about structuring TTO in public research institutions in order to these TTO positively impact the innovation results of the State of São Paulo. Regarding the structure of the TTO: sharing the office, through a central office and units; hybrid or semi-centralized structure; using existing research support foundations to manage financial resources and the TTO activities. The main areas identified for the TTO are: intellectual property, technology transfer or partnership, and legal advice. Other recommendations of the author to booster the innovations results of the State of São Paulo are: existence of an Innovation Policy to the State of São Paulo; the scientific institutions must do the strategic planning of their institutions in order to guide the researches that will be conducted at the institution; definition of the objectives to be achieved with the research, and implementation of a strategic management for Research and Development activities; the TTO activities must be aligned with the strategic planning of the research institution; alignment and engagement of legal bodies; it is desirable that the State promote the approximation of public research institutes with private enterprises; and is essential the existence of funding for innovation projects.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-04-06T12:48:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintia Barudi Lopes.pdf: 777515 bytes, checksum: 625dd7caa3f233e5565a347b3cfc8513 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T12:48:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintia Barudi Lopes.pdf: 777515 bytes, checksum: 625dd7caa3f233e5565a347b3cfc8513 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-29 / The theme of this thesis is the administrative concession in the field of public health in Brazil. The purpose of this research is to analyze whether the contractual model of public-private partnerships of Federal Law 11,079 of 2004 in the form of administrative concession can be compatible with the actions and services of the Unified Health System and, consequently, Whether this hiring can be celebrated for the management of clinical medical hospital services. One of the great obstacles to this private alternative of offering public health services is the fact that it is extracted from the constitutional text that the participation of non-state entities in SUS actions and services is complementary. One of the assumptions of the research is to establish a differential between the administrative concessions made in the health sector and the other models of private offering of this service through the Unified System. The research also intends to address the issue of the complementarity of private participation in SUS actions and services and, if this characteristic, has the effect of preventing the conclusion of PPPs in the sector. The problem was tackled based on the specific doctrine and decisions recently issued by the Federal Supreme Court that allowed for the best interpretation of the constitutional provisions on the matter, as well as helping to identify the effective legal advantages obtained by the Government in the adoption of the model Of public-private partnerships in clinical health. The research is finished listing the conclusions that were obtained during the study regarding the private participation through administrative concession in the Unified Health System / O tema da presente tese é a concessão administrativa na área da saúde pública no Brasil. O que se busca nessa pesquisa é analisar se o modelo contratual das parcerias público-privadas da Lei federal nº 11.079 de 2.004 na modalidade de concessão administrativa pode ser compatível com as ações e os serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde e, por via de consequência, se essa contratação pode ser celebrada para a gestão dos serviços clínicos médicos hospitalares. Um dos grandes obstáculos para essa alternativa privada de oferecimento dos serviços de saúde pública está no fato de que se extrai do texto constitucional que a participação de entidades não estatais nas ações e nos serviços do SUS é complementar. Umas das premissas da pesquisa é estabelecer um diferencial entre as concessões administrativas realizadas no setor da saúde e os demais modelos de oferecimento privado desse serviço mediante o Sistema Único. A pesquisa pretende também enfrentar a questão da complementaridade da participação privada nas ações e serviços do SUS e, se essa característica, tem o condão de impedir a celebração de PPPs no setor. O enfrentamento do problema foi feito com base na doutrina específica e em decisões recentemente proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal que permitiram extrair a melhor interpretação dos dispositivos constitucionais sobre a matéria, bem como auxiliaram na identificação das efetivas vantagens jurídicas obtidas pelo Poder Público na adoção do modelo das parcerias público-privadas na área da saúde clínica. Finaliza-se a pesquisa elencando as conclusões que foram obtidas ao longo do estudo a respeito da participação privada via concessão administrativa no Sistema Único de Saúde

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mario Marcio Saadi Lima.pdf: 1730347 bytes, checksum: 751db18885682b7fa9c4deb824858321 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-04 / The expression of interest has been used by agencies and government entities to receive technical works that can be used for structuring concessions and permissions, granted in accordance with Federal Law No. 8,987/1995 and Federal Law No. 11,079/2004. In Brazil, is based on norms already edited by entities of the federation and there are many examples of its use. Nevertheless, the theme demands reflection and systematic academic research, especially in regard to its use for carrying out the preparatory phase of the biddings and of the aspects that should comply with. For this reason, the present work has as its object the study of the expression of interest in light of the Brazilian legal framework. Due to its specific characteristics and the need of proceeding with holistic analysis, the present work studies the expression of interest under various aspects. There is the need for proper planning of concessions in the country and for methods to accomplish it. The expression of interest is considered as one of the alternatives the Governmental Bodies can use to achieve the proper planning. In such context, the work characterizes the expression of interest and presents the main features of acts issued on federal, state and municipal levels concerning the mechanism, in addition to examples of its use. Furthermore, it is presented the aspects of the expression of interest as a form of extension of public biddings for the granting of concessions and as a consensual action of the Public Administration. On the other hand, the work covers the aspects that must be considered to the expression of interest be transparent, motivated and controlled / O procedimento de manifestação de interesse tem sido empregado pelos órgãos e pelas entidades da Administração Pública para receber trabalhos técnicos que podem ser utilizados para a estruturação de concessões e permissões, outorgadas com base na Lei Federal 8.987/1995 e na Lei 11.079/2004. No Brasil, possui fundamento em atos normativos já editados por entes da federação e há diversos exemplos de sua utilização. Entretanto, ainda se trata de tema que demanda reflexões e pesquisas acadêmicas sistematizadas, especialmente no que tange ao seu uso para a realização da fase preparatória das licitações e dos contornos concretos que deve tomar. Por esta razão, o presente trabalho tem por objeto o estudo do procedimento de manifestação de interesse à luz do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Devido tanto às suas particularidades quanto à necessidade de sua análise holística, optou-se por realizar o estudo sob vertentes diversas. Parte-se da constatação de necessidade de adequado planejamento de concessões no país e da forma de realizá-lo. O procedimento de manifestação de interesse é enquadrado como uma das formas à disposição da Administração Pública para tanto. Nesse bojo, é pontua-se a noção do procedimento de manifestação de interesse e expõem-se as principais características de atos normativos federais, estaduais e municipais a respeito do tema, bem como de exemplos concretos de sua utilização. Sequencialmente, são apresentados os contornos do procedimento de manifestação de interesse, encarado como forma de extensão da competição relativa à outorga de concessões e de atuação concertada do Poder Público. De outro lado, são delineados os aspectos para que seja utilizado de forma transparente, motivada e controlada