Thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University, 2008. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-58).

L’évaluation de la qualité de vie des patients avec méningiome revêt un intérêt clinique important pour les futures modalités de prise en charge. Néanmoins les outils les plus spécifiques à disposition des praticiens et chercheurs aujourd’hui ont été élaborés à destination de patients avec des pathologies cancéreuses. Le caractère bénin des méningiomes (95% des cas) tend à influencer différemment la qualité de vie de ces patients. Afin d’évaluer la qualité de vie des patients avec méningiome, nous avons élaboré et validé un questionnaire spécifique : le M-QoL. Un groupe composé de 25 spécialistes d’horizons différents ont participé à l’élaboration du questionnaire. Ce dernier a été administré à 128 participants, dont 85 ont également rempli le questionnaire une seconde fois dans les semaines suivantes. Les résultats des M-QoL ont été comparés aux questionnaires WHOQOL-Bref de l’OMS pour 122 participants. 70 participants ont également bénéficié d’une évaluation neuropsychologique. Les analyses démontrent les qualités psychométriques du questionnaire (validité, fidélité, sensibilité) et des corrélations ont été retrouvées avec les évaluations cognitives. L’évaluation de la qualité de vie avec le M-QoL permet de mieux appréhender les difficultés rencontrées par les patients dans leur vie quotidienne. En conséquence, il est possible d’améliorer l’orientation de ces patients pour une meilleure prise en charge de leurs difficultés. / Evaluation of quality of life of patients with meningioma is particularly important as a clinical aspect for medical and psychological cares. Nevertheless, the most specific tools available for practitioners and researchers nowadays were implemented for cancer patients. The benign nature of meningiomas (in 95% of cases) tends to influence differently the quality of life of those patients.In order to evaluate the quality of life of meningioma patient, we’ve made and validated a specific questionnaire: the M-QoL.A group of 25 experts with different specialities participated to the development of this questionnaire. It was administrated to 128 participants, 85 of them whom completed it a second time in the following weeks. M-QoL results were compared to WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire from the WHO for 122 participants. 70 participants had benefited of a neuropsychological assessment.Analyses demonstrated psychometric qualities of the questionnaire (validity, reliability, sensitivity) and correlations were found with cognitive evaluations. Evaluation of quality of life through the M-QoL allows a better perception of the difficulties which impair the patients in everyday life.In consequences, it is possible to improve orientation of those patients for a better care of their difficulties.

Present data are gathered from a sample of civil population (n = 1003) and military cadets (n =488). The main objective of this study was to obtain the psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of the Organizational Description Questionnaire (Bass & Avolio, 1992). In reference to reliability, results show good levels of internal consistency for both dimensions, although they are a little bit lower for the transactional culture dimension for both populations. In reference to validity, the evidence allows affirming that the test is valid. The factorial analysis showed that the items group in 2 factors that respond to the theoretical proposal made by the authors of the test. Lastly, we have found differences between leaders and followers on the perception of organizatio-nal culture for both populations. / Se presentan datos correspondientes a un estudio realizado con población civil (n = 1003) y militar (n = 488) que tuvo como objetivo principal determinar las características psicométricas (fiabilidad y validez) del Organizational Description Questionnaire (Bass & Avolio, 1992). Con respecto a la fiabilidad, los resultados muestran buenos niveles de consistencia interna para ambas dimensiones aunque son algo bajos para la dimensión cultura transaccional para ambas poblaciones. Con respecto a la validez, se encontraron evidencias que permiten afirmar que la prueba es válida. El análisis factorial mostró que los ítems se agrupan en dos factores los cuales responden a la propuesta teórica hecha por los autores de la prueba. Por último, se encontraron diferencias en la percepción de la cultura organizacional que tienen líderes y seguidores de ambos contextos.

La maladie de Huntington est une maladie neurodégénérative pour laquelle il n’existe à l’heure actuelle pas de traitement curatif. Afin de récolter des données cliniques, économiques et de qualité de vie, une étude internationale transversale, l’Euro-HDB (pour European Huntington’s Disease Burden) a été mise en place en France, Italie, Etats-Unis, Pologne, Allemagne et en Espagne. Un ensemble de questionnaires a été développé à l’occasion de cette étude. Cette thèse se focalise sur le développement et la validation de deux questionnaires spécifiques : un questionnaire de qualité de vie nommé H-QoL-I (pour Huntington Quality of life Instrument) et un questionnaire clinimétrique nommé H-CSRI (pour Huntington Clinical self-reported instrument). Des groupes de discussion et des entretiens semi-structurés avec des patients atteints de la maladie de Huntington, des aidants et des professionnels de santé spécialisés ont permis d’établir le cadre conceptuel et le développement de la première version de l’instrument de mesure de qualité de vie. Le questionnaire clinimétrique est une adaptation sous forme auto-reporté d’un outil standard habituellement utilisé par les cliniciens pour évaluer le statut clinique du patient (l’UHDRS). La théorie classique des tests et la théorie de réponse aux items sont employées pour l’évaluation des propriétés psychométriques (validité et fiabilité).Globalement, les deux outils ont démontré de bonnes propriétés psychométriques et une bonne validité transculturelle. H-QoL-I et HCSR-I sont désormais des outils disponibles et sont un moyen validé pour suivre la progression de la maladie du patient. / Huntington's disease is a neurological disease for which there is presently no cure. Huntington’s disease causes gradual physical, emotional and cognitive deterioration. In order to collect clinical, economic and quality of life data, an international cross-sectional study called the Euro-HDB (for European Huntington’s Disease Burden) was set in France, Italy, the United Sates, Poland, Germany and Spain. A set of questionnaires has been developed for that data collection. This thesis focus on the development and the validation of two specific questionnaires: a quality of life questionnaire named H-QoL-I (for Huntington Quality of life Instrument) and a clinimetric questionnaire named H-CSRI (for Huntington Clinical self-reported instrument). Discussion groups and semi-structured interviews with Huntington’s disease patients, caregivers and specialised health professionals allowed to establish the conceptual framework and the development of the first version of the questionnaire of quality of life. The clinimetric questionnaire was an adaptation to allow self-reporting of a tool usually used by clinicians to evaluate the clinical status of the patient (the UHDRS). Both classical test theory and item response theory were used to assess the psychometric properties of the questionnaires (validity and reliability). Globally, both tools demonstrated good psychometric properties and a good cross-cultural validity. H-QoL-I and H-CSRI are now available and are a validated mean to follow patient's disease progression.

Les aidants naturels sont un élément de plus en plus important dans l'appui et la gestion des soins des patients atteints de cancer. Cependant cela n'est pas sans conséquence pour l'aidant naturel. Notre thèse vise donc d'une part à évaluer la qualité de vie (QdV) des aidants en oncologie et d'autre part à s'interroger sur ses pistes d'amélioration.Ces objectifs nous ont conduit à valider un instrument de QdV fiable et spécifique aux aidants: le Caregiver Oncology Quality of Life Questionnaire (CarGOQoL). Nous avons étudié la stabilité de ce questionnaire dans différents sous-groupes, examiné la relation entre la QdV de l'aidant et celle du patient en prenant en compte le phénomène de response shift, et réalisé des études visant à évaluer l'impact de la maladie et de son traitement dans la QdV des aidants en Oncologie dans différents contextes et sous-groupes. Les principales propriétés de fiabilité et de validité du CarGOQoL sont satisfaisantes. Grâce aux indices d'adéquation, nous pouvons affirmer que le CarGOQoL est stable. Les résultats de nos études montrent une association positive entre la QdV des patients et des aidants et l'influence du bien-être psychologique du patient sur celui de l'aidant. Les études spécifiques des aidants en oncologie nous montrent la pertinence de la mesure de la QdV des aidants au moyen du CarGOQoL.En conclusion, nos résultats suggèrent que le cancer impacte sur la QdV des aidants. Le maintien de la QdV des aidants naturels est un facteur important dans leur volonté de fournir de l'aide. Les professionnels de santé doivent mettre en place des dispositifs pour soutenir les aidants parfois demandeurs de répit afin de maintenir leur QdV. / Family caregivers are an important element in the support and care management of patients with cancer. However this is not without consequences for the caregiver who is affected by the disease and the treatment of his beloved one. Therefore, this thesis aims firstly to assess the quality of life (QoL) of caregivers in oncology and secondly to question possible suggestions for its improvement. These goals have led us to validate a reliable and specific QoL instrument for caregivers: the Caregiver Oncology Quality of Life Questionnaire (CarGOQoL). We studied the stability of this questionnaire in different sub-groups, we examined the relationship between QoL of the caregiver and the patient, taking into account the phenomenon of response shift. and we carried out studies to assess the impact of the disease and its treatment in the QoL of caregivers in oncology in different contexts and sub-groups.The main properties of reliability and validity of CarGOQoL are satisfactory. Moreover, using the suitability indices, we can say that the CarGOQoL is stable. The results of our studies show a positive association between the QoL of patients and caregivers. In addition, the influence of psychological well-being of the patient on the caregivers' one was reported. The two specific studies of caregivers in oncology showed us the relevance of measuring the QoL of caregivers through the CarGOQoL. In conclusion, our results suggest that cancer impacts on the QoL of caregivers. Maintaining the QoL of caregivers is an important factor in their willingness to provide assistance. Health professionals must put in place interventions to support caregivers in order to maintain their QoL.

The primary aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the practice of transformational leadership and a high-performance culture.The study hypothesized a positive relationship between transformational leadership and a high-performance culture. It also examined the predictive value of transformational leadership behaviours to the different dimensions of a high-performance culture. The survey included a sample of 209 leaders fromvarious South African organisations. The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ5X Form 5X) was completed by these leaders and their subordinates. The High-performance Culture Questionnaire was completed by the subordinates only. Findings indicated positive correlations between transformational leadership and a highperformance culture. Furthermore, differences were found to exist in the predictive value of transformational leadership behaviours to the various dimensions of a high-performance culture. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings were discussed. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / tm2016 / Human Resource Management / MCom / Unrestricted

Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka upplevelser lagmedlemmar inom ett manligt ishockeylag har kring sammanhållning, samt vilka faktorer som upplevs vara betydande för social sammanhållning och uppgiftsorienterad sammanhållning. Syftet med studien var även att få en fördjupad kunskap kring hur lagets upplevda sammanhållning påverkar den idrottsliga prestationen. Studiens teoretiska ramverk baseras på en begreppsmodell över lagsammanhållning i idrottslag, vilket är en modell som förklarar social sammanhållning och uppgiftsorienterad sammanhållning samt de två huvudgrupperna; gruppintegration och individens attraktion till gruppen. För att undersöka studiens syfte så använde sig författarna till denna studie av semistrukturerade intervjuer som metod. Åtta personer deltog i studien och intervjuades utifrån en intervjuguide vilken var inspirerad av mätinstrumentet Group Environment Questionnaire. Studiens deltagare var mellan 20-28 år. Det insamlade materialet analyserades utifrån en tematisk analys. Studiens resultat visar att manliga idrottare upplever sammanhållning som en central del av ett idrottslag och anser att det finns ett samband mellan lagsammanhållning och prestation. Undersökningsdeltagarna uppmärksammade främst social sammanhållning som en framgångsrik faktor kopplat till prestation. Slutsatsen är att sammanhållning som helhet är en central faktor för ett fungerande och framgångsrikt idrottslag. / The purpose of the study was to investigate what experiences team members within a male ice hockey team have about cohesion, as well as what factors are perceived to be important for social cohesion and task-oriented cohesion. The purpose of the study was also to gain an indepth knowledge of how the team's perceived cohesion affects athletic performance. The study's theoretical framework is based on a conceptual model of team cohesion in sports teams, which is a model that explains social and task-oriented team cohesion as well as the two main groups; group integration and the individual's attraction to the group. To investigate the purpose of the study, the authors of this study used semi-structured interviews as a method. Eight people participated in the study and were interviewed through an interview guide which was inspired by the measuring instrument Group Environment Questionnaire. The participants of the study were between 20-28 years old. The collected material was analyzed through a thematic analysis. The results of the study show that male athletes experience cohesion as a central part of a sports team and believe that there is a connection between team cohesion and performance. The participants of the study paid particular attention to social cohesion as a successful factor linked to performance. The conclusion is that cohesion as a whole is a central factor for a functioning and successful sports team.

The purpose of this study was to validate the Spanish version of the Dallas Pain Questionnaire (DPQ). Not only does the DPQ offer the potential of statistical and clinical diagnostic value but also is easily interpretable across cultural lines. No such instrument has presently been validated for the Mexican-American population. A total of 81 Spanish speaking subjects participated in this study. Of these subjects, 56 were classified as chronic pain patients by nature of their medical diagnosis and duration of pain. The 25 normal subjects were family members of the chronic pain patients and members of the Northern New Mexico Hispanic community chosen at random. Hypothesis one predicted that reliability would be obtained on Spanish speaking populations based on test-retest with correlation coefficients of the items. The second hypothesis predicted that the Spanish DPQ would have content validity or consistent internal structure on those items that measure the trait or behavior of interest based upon factor analysis approaches and internal consistency measures. Hypothesis three predicted that the Spanish version of the DPQ would significantly correlate with the English version of the DPQ on all four factors. All four hypotheses were supported. The Spanish DPQ showed reliability over time based on test-retest. The statistics revealed an internally reliable test, alpha coefficient analysis and factor analysis. The validity was supported by significant correlations with the English DPQ and discrimination between chronic and nonchronic pain patients. While all four hypotheses were upheld, interpretation of the present findings should be moderated by recognition of the limitations of the studies. Future studies should test larger samples to improve confidence in the psychometric properties of the instrument. Still notable limitations of the questionnaire are that the Spanish DPQ is a form that is more accurately viewed as a global measure.

Objectives. This study reanalyzed data from Burlingame and colleagues’ (2018) randomized controlled trial on the effect of adding Group Questionnaire (GQ) to Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45) feedback. These data were assessed for the feedback effect using the amount of GQ alerts in one session reported by the group member to track change in GQ subscales as a measure of reversing therapeutic relationship failure.Methods. 374 participants engaged in 58 psychotherapy groups. Every participant provided GQ measurements after every group session. These GQ measurements formed ‘person-session units’ representing whether or not each type of alert was present following each group meeting. Person-session units showing one, two, and three or more GQ alerts were selected for analysis. The GQ subscales of positive bond (PB), positive work (PW), and negative relationship (NR) were tracked over the following two sessions using hierarchical linear models (HLMs) to correct for group membership and analyze slopes of change between GQ feedback and no-feedback conditions.Results. Insignificant results were shown in condition by session interactions for every GQ subscale following every specified amount of co-occurring GQ alerts. These results contrast with Burlingame and colleagues’ (2018) findings that half of all condition by session interactions shown were significant using GQ change and status alerts to trigger analyses.Conclusions. The results of this study do not appear to better discriminate the effect of adding GQ to OQ feedback for group leaders. Thus, it does not appear that group leaders can better reverse the tide of relationship failure in psychotherapy groups when there are specific numbers of GQ alerts presented to them versus the alert types offered in GQ feedback reports.

As principais desordens dos membros superiores e cervical (CANS - Complaints of arms, neck and shoulders) podem ser definidas como queixas musculoesqueléticas nas regiões de membro superior, ombro e pescoço não atribuídas a trauma agudo ou a desordens sistêmicas. Essas desordens são comuns entre trabalhadores usuários de computador. O Maastricht Upper Extremity Questionnaire (MUEQ) é uma das poucas ferramentas existentes na literatura para avaliação de risco ergonômico e psicossocial em trabalhadores, além da vantagem de ser específico para usuários de computador, porém não está validado no português-brasileiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a adaptação transcultural para o português-brasileiro e validação do MUEQ em trabalhadores de escritório usuários de computador e verificar a prevalência das CANS na amostra recrutada. A tradução e adaptação transcultural seguiram as diretrizes do Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments nos estágios: tradução, síntese, retrotradução, revisão pelo comitê de especialistas e pré-teste. Na etapa do teste da versão pré-final, foram aplicados 55 questionários em trabalhadores usuários de computador, que relataram dificuldades de compreensão abaixo do valor estipulado de 20%, não sendo necessária a reformulação da ferramenta. Para testar a confiabilidade, outros 50 sujeitos preencheram o questionário, em dois momentos, com nível de reprodutibilidade considerado excelente (ICC>0,75). A amostra para a análise da consistência interna e análise fatorial do questionário contou com 386 trabalhadores usuários de computador de mesa entre 18 e 60 anos. Para a consistência interna foram observados valores de de Cronbach maiores que 0,7 para todos os domínios. Na análise fatorial os domínios/subdomínios apresentaram valores de eigenvalue superiores a 1 e os valores de variância explicada acumulada dos fatores de cada domínio variou entre 40% e 60%. A prevalência das CANS nos últimos três meses por pelo menos uma semana foi de 73,32% (IC=0,69-0,77) na amostra total (n=283) e 82% (IC=0,76-0,87) das mulheres e 62% (IC=0,55-0,69) dos homens relataram alguma das CANS. Os domínios foram mantidos iguais à versão original do MUEQ. A queixa musculoesquelética mais observada foi a dor no pescoço (51%). A partir deste trabalho disponibilizou-se um instrumento abrangente e confiável para a avaliação ergonômica e psicossocial relacionado às queixas em cervical e membro superior em trabalhadores usuários de computador brasileiros e foi observada alta prevalência de CANS na população observada. / Complaints of the Arm, Neck and Shoulder (CANS) have a multifactorial etiology, and, therefore, its assessment should take into consideration work-related ergonomic and psychosocial aspects. The Maastricht Upper Extremity Questionnaire (MUEQ) is among the few specific tools available to evaluate the nature and occurrence of CANS in computer office workers. The purpose of the present study was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the MUEQ to Brazilian Portuguese and verify the psychometric properties of the MUEQ-Br in Brazilian computer office workers and to assess the prevalence of CANS in a sample of Brazilian computer office workers. The translation and cultural adaptation followed the guidelines of the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments in six stages: translation, synthesis, back translation, review by the expert committee, pre-test and submission of documents to the committee. In the test of pre-final version, 55 questionnaires were administered to computer workers who reported difficulties in understanding below the stipulated 20%, without the need for redesign of the tool. The pre-final version test counted on the participation of 55 computer office workers. For reproducibility, it was considered a sample of 50 workers who answered the questionnaire twice with a one-week interval. A sample comprised by 386 (37.44 years, Confidence Interval (CI) 95%:36.50-38.38, 216 women and 170 men) workers from the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto campus to validate the structure of the questionnaire, verify internal consistency and CANS prevalence. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used for the statistical analysis of reproducibility, Cronbachs Alpha for Internal Consistency, and the Principal Component Analysis method for Exploratory Factor Analysis. The psychometric properties of the MUEQ were assessed using exploratory factor analysis, which revealed 14 factors. The calculation of internal consistency, reproducibility and cross validation provided evidence of reliability and lack of redundancy. It was verified ICC values greater than 0.75 and cronbachs alpha greater than 0.7. Factor analysis was conducted for every section of the questionnaire and 14 factors were found, two for each section accounting for approximately 40 to 60% of the variance. The prevalence rate of CANS indicated that 73% (IC=0,69-0,77) of the respondents reported at least one complaint in the arm, neck and/or shoulder in the total sample (n=283), 82% (IC=0,76-0,87) of the women and 62% IC=0,55-0,69) of the men. The highest prevalence rates were found for neck symptoms (51%). The MUEQ-Br demonstrated to be a valid tool for the assessment of risk factors related to pain in the upper extremity among Brazilian computer office workers.