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Since the coronavirus occurred, the number of people working from home has increased by almost 400%, which may cause some confusion. The purpose of this essay is to describe the legal situation regarding the psychosocial work environment when working from home and gain an insight into how male and female workers experience the psychosocial work environment when working from home during Covid-19. The purpose is further to apply a gender perspective by analysing the differences between male and female experiences. In order to fulfil the purpose, a legal dogmatic method has been used, and the sociology of law by collecting data using surveys and interviews. The regulation regarding the psychosocial work environment when working from home is found in EU law and in the Work Environment Act (1977:1160), which in turn is supplemented by the Swedish Work Environment Authority’s regulations. According to the Work Environment Act, the employer must take necessary measures to prevent accidents or ill health of workers. By analysing the data collected from the surveys and interviews, it can be concluded that there are differences between male and female experiences. A significant difference arises, for example, in the issue of workload, where women experience a higher workload than men, both at the office and when working from home. A possible reason for this difference may be that women have a higher total workload as they have more responsibility in the home environment. In general, there seem to be quite positive experiences of working from home, among both men and women, as the workload and stress decrease.

Since the coronavirus occurred, the number of people working from home has increased by almost 400%, which may cause some confusion. The purpose of this essay is to describe the legal situation regarding the psychosocial work environment when working from home and gain an insight into how male and female workers experience the psychosocial work environment when working from home during Covid-19. The purpose is further to apply a gender perspective by analysing the differences between male and female experiences. In order to fulfill the purpose, a legal dogmatic method has been used, and the sociology of law by collecting data using surveys and interviews. The regulation regarding the psychosocial work environment when working from home is found in EU law and in the Work Environment Act (1977:1160), which in turn is supplemented by the Swedish Work Environment Authority’s regulations. According to the Work Environment Act, the employer must take necessary measures to prevent accidents or ill health of workers. By analysing the data collected from the surveys and interviews, it can be concluded that there are differences between male and female experiences. A significant difference arises, for example, in the issue of workload, where women experience a higher workload than men, both at the office and when working from home. A possible reason for this difference may be that women have a higher total workload as they have more responsibility in the home environment. In general, there seem to be quite positive experiences of working from home, among both men and women, as the workload and stress decrease.

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Denna uttpsats utforskar frågan om hur nödvärnssituationer med flera angripare ska bedömas i svensk straffrätt. Det huvudsakliga temat är dels vad som kan sägas om rätt till nödvärn i relation till respektive angripare, dels vad som kan sägas gällande försvarlighetsbedömningen av det våld som riktas mot respektive angripare  när en person utsätts för ett brottsligt angrepp från flera personer. Uppsatsen är skriven inom ramen för den rättsdogmatiska metoden, vilket innebär att det material som används utgörs av författning, förarbeten, rättspraxis, och juridisk litteratur. Uppsatsen inleds med en översikt av motiven och principerna för rätten till nödvärn. Det konstateras att frågan om nödvärnssituationer med flera angripare inte har behandlats av lagstiftaren, i rättspraxis, eller i doktrinen. Uppsatsen tillhandahåller sedan tre förslag på faktorer som kan vara relevanta i bedömningen av nödvärnssituationer med flera angripare: gemensamt uppsåt hos angriparna; graden av kausalt bidrag till den skada som åsamkas; och den aggregerade våldsutövningen sedd från den angripnes perspektiv. I uppsatsen förs argumentet att det främst är graden av deltagande i det brottsliga angreppet som avgör hur mycket våld som får användas i nödvärn gentemot respektive angripare. / This paper explores self-defense situations with multiple aggressors in the context of Swedish criminal law. The main focus of the work is to see what can be said about the right to self-defense and the proportionality assessment when a person faces an unlawful attack from several people. The theoretic framework for the paper is the jurisprudential dogmatic method, entailing that the source material that is used in the work are legislation, preparatory works, case law and legal doctrine. The paper starts by giving an overview of the motives for and the principles limiting the right to self-defense. It is stated that the issue of multiple aggressors is not explicitly discussed at length by the legislator, in the case law or by legal scholars. The paper then gives three suggestions to what factors could be relevant for assessing self-defense situations with multiple aggressors. These suggestions include a common intent among the aggressors; the degree of causal contribution to the harm inflicted on the assailed; and the aggregated harm or risk as seen from the perspective of the assailed. In the paper it is argued that it is primarily the degree of participation in the unlawful attack that decides how much force the attacked person may use in self-defense.

The essay is about the conditions for employers and employees when the home functions as the workplace. During Covid-19, more and more people were forced to work from home, and now after the pandemic, the flexible way of working continues. The new work-situation will be studied from both a legal and a societal perspective to examine the employer's work management, work environment responsibility and remote monitoring possibilities. The purpose is to investigate how the prevailing working conditions can change when the home is seen as a workplace. The essay will be based on a legal dogmatic method in order to interpret and systematize regarding law, based on accepting legal sources. The sources that will be used are laws, directives, propositions, public inquiries, practice, case law from the European Court and Swedish Labor Court, literature and electronic sources to analyze the legal aspects. Furthermore, a qualitative study will be used to broaden the perspective and provide more understanding for employers and employees who work or have employees who work at home. Legislation regarding the working environment is primarily based on a workplace where the employee is on the employer's premises. The situation has changed, laws are needed to clarify which rights and obligations employers and employees have. The essay will highlight how the physical, organizational and social work environment affects employees when working from home. As a result of working from home, electronic services and means of communication are now used to continue their daily work and maintain contact. Technological developments have expanded rapidly, and it is readily available for employers to be able to monitor the performance of the employee at home. Thereby will limitations and opportunities for employers to monitor their employees at home be highlighted.

This essay is based on a case of a Swedish student with dyslexia who was denied the right to his aid during the national exam in Swedish. The purpose of the study is to shed light on the problems in how practice is interpreted and how future cases can behandled. In order to examine the current law in discrimination that dyslectics experience within the school system. The study has used the legal dogmatic method,the right as it is “de lege lata'' as well as “de lege ferenda”, as the right should be. The study has concluded that even if the student is not denied the right to a free education,the study wishes to draw attention to the fact that the student may have been exposed to discrimination based on the European Convention Art.14. What the study has discovered by analyzing the material is that the adaptations offered to the student did not compensate for the absence of the compensatory aid for the national test.

The stock market has proven to offer satisfactory means of raising capital for public companies. One behaviour that rather frequently can be observed is that companies on the stock market are becoming the subject of so-called takeover-offers. Immediately upon the commencement of a takeover-process the board of directors of a target-company is responsible for certain obligations stipulated in the legal framework for the stock market. An obligation of quite substantial significance for the shareholders in the target-company is the board of directors’ duty to make a statement on the takeover-offer. Since the said statement is of such significance for the shareholders, the question arises whether the board of directors can be held liable for irresponsible statements with regards to an imminent takeover-offer. This thesis aims to answer this question whilst examining closely related questions such as which obligations the board of directors has when making a statement on a takeover-offer as well as what basis of liability is applicable to the board of directors. Due to the nature of the Swedish capital market regulation the thesis also aims to illustrate and problematize the relationship between legislation and what is commonly referred to as self-regulation. By the means of a legal dogmatic method the thesis concludes that the boards of directors in some cases are liable for their statements on a takeover-offer. The conditions for which a basis of liability is applicable differs depending upon which ground of liability is chosen to establish said liability, this circumstance turns out to be of critical importance in a procedural sense. Although the basis of liability differs from one another the thesis displays that legitimate reasons speak for basing a claim for damages on the rule regarding tortious liability that the Swedish Supreme Court (Högsta domstolen) has developed. In addition to how the board of directors can be held liable the research has also demonstrated the importance of the statements the board of directors make on a takeover-offer. This provides support to the belief that the board of directors should be able to be held responsible for careless statements with regards to an impending takeover-offer. Furthermore, the research shows that a lack of distinct conjunction between self-regulation and legislation could generate an inconsistent construction of what the content of the current law is at any given time.

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