The concept of accountability has grown to become an integral part of a broader political and socio-economic transformation. Closely associated to it is the concept of "auditing" which has established itself as a main driving force of accountability and a core means of delivering it. The extent of the rise and expansion of "auditing" has subsequently come to influence every aspect of modern life and this has led to a situation in which practices have had to adapt to the principles of "auditing" processes. Auditing has become prevalent in both the public and private spheres and this impact has far reaching consequences. The concept of "auditing" is evident in the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) and is central to its review process. This thesis focuses on the concept of "auditing" in order to illustrate how the APRM has borrowed and applied insights from other disciplinary practices so as to enhance an understanding of accountability and transparency as features of "good governance" and to explicate how these concepts are conceived within the framework of the New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD). It also clarifies the relationship that exists between "peer review" and "auditing" and argues that rather than being considered as two poles marked by distance from each other "auditing" and "peer review" are closely related and mutually constitutive.

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Book Review: Mirza, Sarah & Margaret Strobel (ed.) 1989. Three Swahili Women. Life Histories from Mombasa. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. and Mirza, Sarah & Margaret Strobel (ed.) 1989. Wanawake watatu wa Kiswahili hadithi za maisha kutoka Mombasa, Kenya. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press.

It is heartening to note that the number of contemporary Swahili scholars whose work is receiving attention in books and university theses is steadily on the increase. This volume adds Abdilatif Abdalla to the list containing, so far as I know, the names of Muhammed Said Abdulla, Ebrahim Hussein and Euphrase Kezilahabi It is a volume on the poetry of Abdalla which Nyaigotti-Chacha writes with wrumth, understanding and a desire to place in perspective the poet`s works, in particular, Utenzi wa maisha ya Adamu na Hawaa (1971) and Sauti ya dhiki (1973) For this reason, perhaps, it tends to be less critical and more informative Nyaigotti--Chacha divides his work into four chapters. The first chapter introduces the reader to the author`s reasons for undertaking to Wiite it, originally his M A thesis at the University of Nairobi (1980) A bdefbut useful biography of Abdilatif Abdalla (ppJ-9), and a theoretical orientation to the author`s analysis of the works (pp 9--11) - socialistic in the Marxian mould - furnishes the reader with the background required fm a better understanding of what follows in the next two chapters which examine Utenzi and Sauti .. respectively The final chapter investigates the skills of Abdalla as a poet

Book Review of: Johannes Fabian (ed.), History from below. The vocabulary of Elisabethville. By Andre Yav. Text, Translations and interpretive essay (Creole Language Library, Vol.7). Edited, translated and commented by Johannes Fabian with assistance from Kalundi Mango. With linguistic notes by W. Schicho. Amsterdam- Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1990. 236 pp. Review of Noel-Jacques Gueunier (ed.), La chroniques Swahilie du Cad/Umari de Mayotte. Edition critique. (Recherches et Documents, 2).(Madagascar\''): Etablissement d\''Enseignement Superieur des Lettres (CEDRATOM),1989.

Introduction: Testicular microlithiasis is an uncommon condition characterized by calcifications within the seminiferous tubules. The true prevalence in a normal population has not been defined. Methods: A review of the literature with emphasis on the connection between testicular microlithiasis and testicular malignancy was carried out. Results: Testicular microlithiasis is associated with different testicular pathologies, including testicular cancer. However, a direct causative connection between testicular microlithiasis and testicular pathologies is not supported by the literature. Conclusions: Patients with testicular microlithiasis should be followed up regularly. Further investigations concerning the etiology of testicular microlithiasis remain to be done. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Inledning. Den demografiska utvecklingen leder till ett ökat vårdbehov för de äldre. Hemsjukvården idag är en växande del av hälso- och sjukvården i Sverige. Teknisk utveckling leder till att fler sjukvårdsinsatser kan göras i hemmen, av både sjukvårdspersonal, närstående eller patienten själv. Ett avancerat tekniskt hjälpmedel är läkemedelsrobot. Evidensen för effekterna av läkemedelsrobot är mycket liten. Syftet med studien är att sammanställa befintlig forskning om erfarenheter av läkemedelsrobotar i hemsjukvård ur patienters, närståendes och vårdpersonalens perspektiv. Metod En scoping review där16 artiklar inkluderades i studien. Resultat Utifrån syftet identifierades följande teman; Att ha behov av och komma ingång med en läkemedelsrobot, Att använda en robot i vardagen, Att känna sig självständig, Att bli påmind om att ta läkemedel, En ökad adherence, Att lita på en robot och En robot tar över vårdpersonalens arbete. Slutsats Läkemedelsrobotar är ett sätt att förenkla vården och avlasta arbetsbördan för personalen men också öka självständigheten och säkerhet för patienter.

Data-driven approaches to decision making are today applied far and wide. With origins in the field of judgment and decision making (JDM), data-driven decision making (DDDM) has become an emergent topic within I-O psychology, especially within the fields of people analytics and human resource analytics. In light of the current AI revolution, it is evident that the next steps in JDM research include data- driven approaches. The purpose of this Master’s thesis was to compile the research on data-driven decision making conducted across disciplines into a comprehensive overview. Main research questions: based on systematic reviews and scoping reviews about implementations of DDDM affecting individuals, groups, or organizations, what areas of research can be identified? How and to what extent are they linked? To address these questions, this thesis utilizes a scoping meta-review design and bibliometrics. After rigorous search and screening processes, the final sample consisted of n = 1,008 systematic and scoping reviews. The results indicated that there are research areas within the included reviews that are isolated to a varying extent. Based on a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), five areas of research were identified: business intelligence; learning analytics/education; mHealth/telemedicine; general decision making/decision support; and clinical decision support/diagnosis/healthcare. As a scoping meta-review encompassing a large number of scientific fields and methodologies, this thesis contributes to the progression of DDDM research at large. The results highlight the scattered nature of current research practices within DDDM and identify an opportunity for scientific advancement through interdisciplinary research.

Earlier research on the topic of inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) seems to be standing on ground too fragmented to constitute a solid basis for future research. Additionally, this research seems to be far too generic and not sufficiently detailed for any municipality to make reasonable use of. Therefore, the existing knowledge is reviewed and put together in a manner that makes the identified determinants of IMC sufficiently complarable so as to enable proper and exhaustive deliberation on the matter. Once this question is settled for the time being, the determinants themselves are examined as to their own determinants, related mechanisms and how these variables all relate to each other. The attained results are not enough to generate any widely generalizable conclusions. However, the combination of exhaustive width and detailed empirical descriptions makes for a basis that somewhat enables the construction of a tentative framework for understanding the drivers behind IMC and their nature.

Background: A recent surge in interest for psychedelic-assisted therapy has manifested itself in exponential increases of subject-related academic publications as well as broad media attention. However, a lot is still to be wished for regarding the question of how the therapy actually works. Objective: To map the current empirical literature regarding “mechanisms of change” and corresponding relevant measures of these mechanisms. Method: The present essay is a scoping review. The process involves systematically acquiring relevant literature by conducting a literature search on two different platforms, Pubmed and PsychInfo, in order to extract and map the data seen as relevant to the research question. Results: Putative “mechanisms of change” and associated measures are successfully mapped and presented in a chart as well as in a basic qualitative content-analysis. The content analysis presents three separate categories used to conceptualize different mechanisms of change: Acute subjective experience, psychological flexibility and neural flexibility. Conclusion: Psychedelic-assisted therapy involves a number of complex mechanisms of change which can be studied both from a psychological as well as neurobiological perspective. These mechanisms can be thought to be dependent on processes in the acute subjective experience and consist in the form of increased psychological flexibility. Relevant measures include psychometric instruments that can be well complemented by FMRI-data. In order to gain a better understanding of these processes regarding the way they relate to one another, what moderates their outcome on depressive symptoms and how clinical application is optimized, further research is warranted. / SammanfattningBakgrund: Ett förhöjt intresse för psykedelisk assisterad terapi har på senare tid visat sig i exponentiella ökningar av ämnesrelaterade akademiska publikationer såväl som bred medieuppmärksamhet. Det finns emellertid mycket att önska när det kommer till frågan om hur terapin faktiskt fungerar. Syfte: Att kartlägga den aktuella empiriska litteraturen angående förmodade ”förändringsmekanismer” och motsvarande relevanta mått på dessa mekanismer. Metod: Föreliggande uppsats är en omfattningsgranskning (scoping review). Processen inbergrep systematisk inhämtning av relevant litteratur genom att genomföra litteratursökningar på två olika plattformar, Pubmed och PsychInfo, för att sedan extrahera och kartlägga den data som ansågs relevant för forskningsfrågan. Resultat: Förmodade "förändringsmekanismer" och tillhörande mått kartläggs framgångsrikt och presenteras i såväl tabell som i en grundläggande kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Innehållsanalysen presenterar tre separata kategorier som används för att konceptualisera olika förmodade förändringsmekanismer: Akut subjektiv upplevelse, psykologisk flexibilitet och neural flexibilitet. Slutsats: Psykedelisk assisterad terapi involverar ett antal komplexa förmodade förändringsmekanismer som kan studeras både ur ett psykologiskt såväl som neurobiologiskt perspektiv. Relevanta mått inkluderar psykometriska instrument som väl kan kompletteras med FMRI-data. För att få en bättre förståelse för dessa processer när det gäller hur de förhåller sig till varandra, vad som dämpar deras resultat vid depressiva symtom och hur klinisk tillämpning optimeras, är ytterligare forskning motiverad.