This study supported Schon's notions of reflective practice as being applicable to teachers involved in teaching physical activities in the context of unforgiving learning environments and specifically to teachers in the sport diving community. According to Schon, one's ability to recognize patterns and act effectively and efficiently in situations of uniqueness and uncertainty depends upon one's capacity to frame problems. In doing so, one draws upon a repertoire of past experience arid ways of capturing that experience which enables the development of the ability to reframe problems in light of information gathered from the direct experience. Reframing occurs through the processes of reflection-in-action and reflection-onaction and is a response to an internal dialogue related to the action setting, in which something has not happened as expected, thus producing a curious or intrigued response. A number of issues specific to teacher reflection in unforgiving learning environments emanated from the analysis of one sport diving teacher engaged in teaching an entry-level sport diving course which involved three different teaching environments (the classroom setting, the confined water [pool] and open water [ocean] environments). Three research questions guided the analysis. In answer to the first research question: What factors do sport diving practitioners reflect upon in each of the three environments? six reflective themes were identified in this case study with five being common across the three teaching environments and the remainder being specific to the classroom environment. The common themes were: a trusting relationship, the necessity of teacher control, to see the 'unforgivingness' of the environment, learning from one's practice, challenges to one's practice and understanding one's practice. In answer to the second research question: What influences the reflective process? the analysis revealed thirteen underlying or influencing factors or dispositions across the three teaching environments with eight of them being common to either two, or all three, of the environments. In answer to the third research question: What is the nature of sport diving practitioners' reflective practice? five categories have been used to address the analysis: 1) across environment related, 2) classroom and confined water (pool) related, 3) confined water (pool) and open water (ocean) related 4) classroom and open water (ocean) related and 5) specific to one environment. The reflection process documented in this study suggested that Schon's notion of reflective practice is very applicable to the professional development of sport diving as his conception of reflection applies to the three areas of teaching which exist in unforgiving learning environments: the problem solving disposition of teacher reflection, the learning from one's practice, and the probing of internal dialogue.

Vienas iš efektyviausių medžiagos savybių tyrimo būdų yra praėjusios pro medžiagą ir atsispindėjusios nuo jos šviesos parametrų analizė. Darbe išnagrinėtas šviesos sklidimas anizotropine medžiaga,analizuojami būdai, suskaičiuojantys atsispindėjusios, praėjusios pro anizotropinę plėvelę atspindžio ir pralaidumo matricų elementai. / On purpose about structure of the light, you must to make measurement of light reflections and transmission parameters.In this work we finding following parameters with the help of the program “Mathematica 6”. I with “Mathematica 6 “can find the light reflection from anisotropic media and transmission through anisotropic media slab coefficient by the anisotropic media to matrixs.

This paper deals with developing pragmatic competence in the English as a second language classroom, mainly through speaking activities. In Part One the theoretical background of pragmatics and its various aspects are discussed. Views of a number of authors on pragmatics are presented, witnessing the necessity of pragmatic upbringing at schools and other educational establishments in the world of globalization. Some examples are given why pragmatic awareness is inseparable from grammatical or vocabulary knowledge of a particular language. The importance of reflective teaching and its types is stressed. Next, the paper focuses on ways to stimulate learner pragmatic growth, critical thinking and self-awareness, the role of questions, also the role of the mother tongue in the pragmatically oriented classroom. In Part Two possible activities for raising pragmatic competence, as proposed by various linguists, are described. Some specific examples are given here. In this part of the paper the reader gets acquainted with ways of developing pragmatic competence that are effective and convenient to implement in the classroom. Finally, in Part Three the coursebooks Twist 1 and Twist 2 (Student’s Books and Teacher’s Books) are analyzed as means to be used by teachers having specific aims for learner pragmatic development. All the chapters (Issues) are overviewed (each separately and all of them as one whole), general tendencies and peculiarities are discerned, specific tasks are... [to full text]

Baigiamasis bakalauro darbas yra apie lietuviškus televizijos serialus ir moters įvaizdį juose. Teorinėje darbo dalyje nagrinėjama televizijos serialų samprata, būdingi bruožai, jų tematika. Analizuojamas realybės ir iliuzijos santykis. Atliekama lietuviškų televizijos serialų apžvalga: aptariamos būdingos temos, kritika. Antroje teorijos dalyje aptariamas moters personažas lietuviškuose meniniuose filmuose, televijoje ir serialuose. Atskleidžiami būdingi moters personažo serialuose kūrimo metodai, bruožai. Kūrybinis projektas – hibridinio žanro videofilmas, kuriame jungiasi dokumentika, performansas ir instaliacija. Šio dokumentinio filmo kūrimo metodas – slapta kamera fiksuoti trijų moterų reakcija į kasdien rodomą tv serialą. Tas pats kambarys, šeima, trys moterų kartos: močiutė, mama ir aš. Trijų moterų gyvenimo fragmentai – čia, bute ir įsivaizduojamo gyvenimo projekcija TV ekrane: santykis tarp būties ir iliuzijos. / Bachelor thesis is about Lithuanian television series and women’s image in them. Theoretical work includes the analysis of Lithuanian television series conceptions, features and subjects. The ratio between reality and illusion is analyzed. Overview of the Lithuanian television series. Critics and popular subjects are discussed. The second theoretical work includes women’s character in Lithuanian artistic films, television series. The development of women’s character is revealed. Creative project – a hybrid video film, in which documentary, performance and installation is combined. The method of this documentary film is to secretly film the exposure of women to daily TV series. The same room and family, but different generations: grandmother, mother and me. The fragments of these people’s lives, is here and the projection of an imaginary life in a TV screen: the difference between the mood of life and illusion.

Esminiai žodžiai: pasitenkinimas darbu, savirefleksija, pedagogai. Šio tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti pedagogų pasitenkinimo darbu sąsajas su poreikiu savirefleksijai ir įsitraukimu į savirefleksijas. Tyrime dalyvavo 122 Utenos ir Švenčionių pedagogai. Respondentams buvo pateikta anketa, sudaryta darbo autorės ir naudota demografiniams kintamiesiems rinkti. P. E. Spector (1994) pasitenkinimo darbu klausimynas (Job Satisfaction Survey ) ir A. M. Granto (2001) sukurta SRIS skalė (Self-reflection and Insight Scale). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad amžius susijęs su pasitenkinimo darbu aspektais: bendradarbiai ir komunikacija; pedagoginis stažas susijęs su pasitenkinimo darbu aspektais: vadovavimas, bendradarbiai ir komunikacija; pedagogų turimas darbo krūvis susijęs su bendru pasitenkinimu darbu ir pasitenkinimu darbo aspektais: bendradarbiai ir komunikacija. Tiek bendras pasitenkinimas darbu, tiek ir pasitenkinimas jo aspektais skiriasi priklausomai nuo auklėjamosios klasės turėjimo bei kvalifikacinės kategorijos. Taip pat tyrimo metu buvo nustatyta, kad poreikis savirefleksijai yra susijęs su pedagogų turimu darbo krūviu ir kvalifikacine kategorija. Įsitraukimas į savirefleksijas yra susijęs su amžiumi. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė ir pedagogų poreikio savirefleksijai sąsajas su bendru pasitenkinimu darbu bei jo aspektais: vadovavimas, darbo pobūdis bei komunikacija. Įsitraukimas į savirefleksijas yra susijęs su pasitenkinimo darbu aspektais: darbo pobūdžiu ir pripažinimu. Tyrimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study was to evaluate teacher satisfaction with work associations with need for self-reflection and involvement into self-reflections. The subjects of the study were 122 teachers from Utena and Švenčionys towns. The study subjects were given a questionnaire that included demographical questions, Job Satisfaction Survey by P. E. Spector (1994) and Self-reflection and Insight Scale (SRIS) by A. M. Granto (2001). Results of the study showed that participant age is related to satisfaction with work in aspects of associates and communication; pedagogical experience correlates with satisfaction with work in aspects of leadership, associates and communication; teacher‘s workload is associated with general satisfaction with work and satisfaction with work in aspects of associates and communication. General satisfaction with work and satisfaction with work in separate aspects differs depending on having educating class and pedagogical qualification category. The research found that the need for self-reflection is related to teacher‘s workload and pedagogical qualification category. Involvement into self-reflection is associated with participant‘s age. It was discovered that the need for self-reflection is correlated to work satisfaction in aspects of leadership, work specification and communication. Involvement into self-reflections is related to satisfaction with work in aspects of work specification and acceptance. The predictive models revealed that... [to full text]

No description available.

The main objective of this study was to find out what pedagogical documentation does and to get knowledge of what you may need to consider in order starting a process of change with a focus on pedagogical documentation. To get answers to my questions, the study is based on pedagogical theories from scientists and interviews with three preschool teachers who have different experience on documentation. My main questions were: What characterizes a pedagogical documentation? What tools / materials do I need to do a pedagogical documentation? What is important to consider when starting the process of change with pedagogical documentation? The result shows that pedagogical documentation is an approach that is based on that one is curious, interested, observant, listens, talking and researching with children and colleagues. You give the kids great participation which you can then pick up the children's learning processes and reveals that the business and the children develop according to curriculum objectives. Prior to this change you need to have an organization that ensures time for reflection with colleagues is for the work to develop further, and thereby become a pedagogical documentation. Each educator must demonstrate a shared interest and responsibility in which all knowledge is of value.

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka äldre människors upplevelser av åldrande och vad samtal kan ha för betydelse för dem. Studien avser att skapa en ökad förståelse för vilka faktorer som kan påverka upplevelsen av åldrandet och vilken funktion samtal kan ha när det gäller äldre människors livskvalitet. Då gruppen äldre i Sverige fortsätter att öka behövs mer kunskap om hur samhället skall bemöta de utmaningar som följer och kunna främja äldres livskvalitet. Av denna anledning har studien hög relevans för socialt arbete och utvecklingen inom äldreomsorgen både som praktik och forskningsfält. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ ansats där empirin har insamlats genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Materialet har sedan analyserats och bearbetats i en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, där likheter och olikheter urskilts för att sedan delas in i kategorier och teman. De teoretiska utgångspunkterna i studien är teorin om gerotranscendens och det interaktionistiska perspektivet. Den forskning som studien tar avstamp ifrån handlar om äldre människors upplevelser av åldrande, betydelsen av samtal, reflektion, självständighet och förändringar. I studiens resultatredovisning och analys återfinns de intervjuade personernas berättelser indelade i tre teman; Åldrande & identitet, Förändringar och Samtal & reflektion. Åldrande & identitet inbegriper synen på den egna åldern, identitet, meningsfullhet samt farhågorna inför att åldras. Under Förändringar behandlas de förändringar som åldrandet kan medföra vad gäller den äldre själv, personer i den äldres omgivning samt inställningen till att ta emot hjälp. Det sista temat Samtal & reflektion innefattar vilka de äldre pratar med, vad de reflekterar över och vilken funktion samtal fyller. I resultatet framkommer det bland annat att samtal spelar en viktig roll både när det gäller att hantera förändringar och för den äldres upplevelse av livskvalitet. Även inställningen till åldrandet tycks ha en avgörande betydelse.

Bakalauro darbe analizuojamos J. Šliūpo pažiūros tautiniu klausimu ir savirefleksija. Taip pat apibūdinamas lietuvių tautinis atgimimas bei nustatoma J. Šliūpo vieta jame. Vis dėlto didžiausias dėmesys darbe skiriamas pažiūrų tautiniu klausimu analizei. Pastarosios pateikiamos per lietuvių, lenkų, rusų, vokiečių, latvių ir žydų tautų vertinimą ir pastarojo kaitą. Požiūrio kitimą bene didžiausia dalimi įtakojo besikeičiančios istorinės aplinkybės. / The bachelor paper analyses the views of J. Šliūpas on the national question and self-reflection. It also describes Lithuanian national Revival and establishes J. Šliūpas’ place in it. However, the paper focuses on the analysis of the views on the national question. They are provided through assessment of Lithuanian, Polish, Russian, German, Latvian and Jew nations and its alteration. Variation of the views is mostly influenced by changing historical circumstances.

Carbonatites are carbonate-rich magmatic rocks that are rare and of great relevance for our understanding of crustal and mantle processes. Although found on all continents and in settings ranging from Archaean to present-day, their deeper plumbing system is still poorly understood. Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is to broaden the existing knowledge of carbonatite systems, often limited to surface geological observations, by providing depth constraints using a number of geophysical methods and petrophysical measurements. The Alnö alkaline and carbonatite complex in central Sweden was chosen for this purpose. Data from three reflection seismic lines, ground gravity and magnetic measurements are presented. These data are complemented by a series of petrophysical measurements, including ultrasonic velocities, density, magnetic bulk susceptibility, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), and magnetic remanence, to aid in the interpretation of the geophysical data. The reflection seismic data indicate a solidified saucer-shaped fossil magma chamber at about 3 km depth. Caldera-style volcanism, constrained by surface geological observations, provides a plausible scenario to explain the emplacement of the complex, suggesting that carbonatite magmas have been stored, transported and erupted in a similar manner to known emplacement mechanisms for silicic calderas, although these are compositionally different. The AMS data from most of the carbonatite sheets in Alnö show a strong degree of anisotropy and oblate-shaped susceptibility ellipsoids. A set of syn- and post-emplacement processes that may control the AMS signature is evaluated based on the dataset. Overprinting of the primary flow patterns by processes related to sheet closure at the terminal stage of magma transport may explain the AMS observations. A complementary study using 3D inversion of ground gravity and aeromagnetic data was then carried out to better delineate the 3D internal architecture of the complex. Resulting models indicate a depth extent of the complex to about 3-4 km, consistent with the interpretation of the reflection seismic data. The modelling results of a ring-shaped magnetic anomaly observed in the Klingefjärden bay adjacent to Alnö Island further suggest that the complex may extend laterally about 3 km towards the north.