Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender os significados das crenças religiosas e do gênero incorporados às práticas pedagógicas de professoras do ensino fundamental I e como esses significados interferiram na escolha e permanência na docência. As crenças religiosas e o gênero foram tomados como algumas das estruturas que produziam significados, interferindo nos modos de agir e pensar das professoras. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma Escola Municipal de Ensino Básico (EMEB) da Região do Grande ABC paulista. Foi realizado por meio da metodologia qualitativa tendo como abordagem o estudo de caso. Buscou-se realizá-la à luz da perspectiva etnográfica, utilizando-se de observações e de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O grupo estudado foi composto por cinco professoras do ensino fundamental I. Duas delas pertenciam à religião católica, duas eram evangélicas e uma se considerava espiritualista. Três temas foram destacados após o campo: a busca do controle sobre comportamentos considerados inadequados (indisciplina e violência) de meninos e meninas e o autocontrole das professoras; idealizações e cobranças às famílias: família ideal e família real e, a escolha e permanência na docência: da submissão à missão. Gênero e crenças religiosas produziram significados que perpassaram as atitudes e comportamentos nos processos de interações sociais e nas práticas pedagógicas das professoras. Essas práticas apontaram para a busca de sentidos da docência diante de condições adversas com que se deparavam no dia-a-dia escolar. Além disso, gênero e crenças religiosas, ao produzirem significados, mostraram-se como alguns dos elementos que interferiram na escolha e justificaram a permanência na docência. / This research aimed to understand the meanings of religious beliefs and gender incorporated into the pedagogical practices of teachers of elementary school, and how these meanings influenced the choice and permanence in teaching. Religious beliefs and gender were taken as some of the structures producing meanings, interfering modes of acting and thinking of teachers. The study was conducted in a Municipal Basic School of the ABC region in São Paulo state. It was conducted through qualitative methodology. We attempted to perform it in the light of the ethnographic approach, using observations and semi-structured interviews. The group of study was composed of five elementary school teachers. Two of them were Catholic, two Protestant and one Spiritualist. Three themes were highlighted after the field study: the attempt to control inappropriate behavior (indiscipline and violence) of boys and girls, and teachers self-control; idealizations and family accountability ideal/real family ; and the choice and stay in teaching from submission to mission. The study revealed that gender and religious beliefs produced meanings that permeate attitude and behaviors in processes of social interactions and in the teachers pedagogical practices. Those practices point to the search of directions facing the school everyday adverse conditions. Furthermore, when gender and religious beliefs produced meanings they were revealed as being some of the elements that have influenced the choice and justified staying in teaching.

Estuda a mediunidade de incorporação entre médiuns de Umbanda em sua dimensão psicossocial, a partir da teoria de papéis proposta por Hjalmar Sundén. Os Ss são 12 médiuns de incorporação, entre 16 e 61 anos de idade, 11 do sexo feminino e 1 do sexo masculino, do Templo Espírita de Umbanda Xangô Agodô, situado na cidade de São Paulo. Os médiuns passam por entrevistas semi-dirigidas e são observados durante rituais de incorporação. Com o objetivo de reconhecer a cultura do grupo ao qual pertencem, realizam-se, ainda, entrevistas informais com pessoas não médiuns que também participam regularmente das atividades do referido templo. Apresenta um modelo interpretativo interdisciplinar da mediunidade de incorporação, considerando: a) a importância da dimensão grupal ampla, da dimensão social dos grupos e da dimensão individual, e da relação entre estas dimensões para a compreensão da mediunidade de incorporação; b) a importância da linguagem, em sentido amplo, como meio de interação social necessário para a existência e manutenção da mediunidade de incorporação; c) o processo de construção tanto social quanto individual da mediunidade de incorporação; d) o processo de adoção e assumição de papéis por parte dos médiuns de incorporação; e) a função social da mediunidade de incorporação; e f) os possíveis ganhos psicológicos por parte dos médiuns de incorporação. Conclui que a mediunidade de incorporação pode , ser compreendida como um papel social complexo em queestão em jogo tanto elementos sociais quanto individuais em que as entidades incorporadas são consideradas como constructos psicossociais e, assim, os médiuns são, ao mesmo tempo, seus intérpretes e coautores / This dissertation analyses the psychosocial dimension of mediumship related to the embodiment of spirits, from the point of view of Hjalmar Sundén\'s Role Theory. The subjects studied were 12 Umbanda mediums, 11 of whom were female and 1 male, between 16 and 61 years-of-age, all participants of the Spiritist Temple of Umbanda Xangô Agodô, in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. The mediums were submitted to semioriented interviews and were observed during the rituals in which they claimed to incorporate spirits. In order to examine cultural aspects of their social group, other subjects who were not mediums but who participated regularly in the activities of that temple were informally interviewed. An interdisciplinary interpretative model of \"incorporative\" mediumship is presented which considers the following points: (a) the importante of the wider group dimension, the social dimension of small groups, of the individual dimension, and of the relationships established between these dimensions to an understond of \"incorporative\" mediumship; (b) the importante of language - considered in its broadest sense - as a way of social interaction which is necessary to the existente and maintenance of \"incorporative\" mediumship; (c) the process of social and individual construcion of \"incorporative\" mediumship; (d) the process of roletaking and role-adopting by \"embodiment\" mediums; (e) the social function of \"incorporative\" mediumship; and (f) the possible psychological benefitsobtained by \"incorporative\" mediums from their mediumship. It is concluded that mediumship which includes the embodiment of \"spirits\" can be understood as a complex social role that is comprised of both social and individual elements. The \"incorporated\" entities are considered to be psychosocial consctructs, therefore the mediums are, at the same time, their interpreters and their co-authors

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2012 / Refer to document

With the background that Jewish women stay in abusive marriages twice as long as their non-Jewish American counterparts, we attempt to understand the religious and cultural factors that may inhibit Jewish women from leaving violent relationships, and examine Scriptural and Rabbinic texts as to Jewish beliefs regarding spousal violence. A variety of academic sources and primary scriptural texts were analyzed for religious and cultural attitudes towards Jewish intimate partner violence. Eight Jewish victims of spousal abuse, five Rabbis and seventeen community support workers were interviewed. Jewish women face a variety of unique issues with regard to how domestic violence is experienced. Issues of communal shame, fear of anti-Semitism, learned accommodation, community disapproval, divorce law and other cultural and religious factors act as barriers to leaving. Biblical, Talmudic, and Rabbinic texts, however, speak clearly against marital violence and support a community effort toward victim support. There are thus conflicts between actual Jewish religious doctrine, and the interpretation of Jewish values amongst Jewish community members. There are social and cultural barriers to Jewish women leaving their abusive relationships, but an analysis of religious doctrine offers a source of strength for women to leave. The onus is on the Jewish community to effect change by breaking the silence and renouncing abuse.

Research has consistently demonstrated a negative association between religiosity and college students’ alcohol consumption. However, few studies have explored the unique roles religious beliefs and behaviors might play in this relationship. Using 283 underage college students, we investigated the influence of internal and external factors on drinking behaviors for students with differing combinations of religious beliefs and religious behaviors. Tests of mediation and mediated-moderation were used to help explain the unique influences beliefs and behaviors have on alcohol consumption. Results indicated that religious beliefs only functioned as a protective-factor against underage drinking when accompanied by religious behaviors; students with high religious beliefs but low religious behaviors exhibited the highest rates of alcohol consumption. Positive affect experienced during alcohol consumption mediated the relationship between religious beliefs and alcohol consumption. Drinking norms and social availability of alcohol mediated the association between religious behaviors and alcohol consumption. Both positive affect and negative affect were found to partially mediate the interaction between religious beliefs and behaviors on student alcohol consumption. Findings from this study may aid in the formulation of a more comprehensive model for the relationship between religiosity and alcohol consumption in young college students.

This thesis presents a cross-sectional study of psychological meaning making processes involving religious beliefs and the construction of a sense of purpose in life. Previous research has studied the connection between religiosity and purpose in life, but has failed to adequately represent the multidimensionality of meaning and religion, resulting in a lack of understanding of the psychological processes involved in the construction of a sense of purpose in life.  The purpose of this study was to research the connection between specific religious beliefs and a sense of purpose in life in individuals aged 25-40, by testing one hypothesis: There is a significant, positive correlation between the strength of religious belief and purpose in life, and answering two research questions: 1. What specific religious beliefs show a significant correlation to purpose in life?, and 2. How are religious beliefs used in a meaning system for the construction of purpose in life? The study employed a two-phase, mixed methods sequential exploratory design, and a meaning system theory framework, complemented by additional theoretical perspectives in phase 2. The weighting of the data was on the first, qualitative phase of the study  and the data were mixed in the final, joint analysis of both types of data.  Phase 1 consisted of a survey, measuring the strength of religious beliefs (measured by the BVS scale) and sense of purpose in life (measured by the LAP-R and one item of the WHOQOL-BRIEF). The survey was completed by 40 respondents who self-identified as Christian and were members of various Christian congregations in the city of Stockholm and surrounding areas. The results of phase 1 of the study firstly showed a significant, moderate, positive correlation between the strength of religious belief and purpose in life, confirming the hypothesis. The results also showed that purpose in life was positively and significantly correlated to a belief that God is an all pervading presence (tau = 0.35, p<0.05), belief in forces for evil in the universe (tau = 0.40, p<0.01), belief that human physical contact can be a spiritual experience (tau = 0.27, p<0.05), belief in life after death (tau = 0.31, p<0.05), belief that one's life has been planned out (tau = 0.33, p<0.05), belief that there is a heaven (tau = 0.30, p<0,05), belief that the human spirit is immortal (tau = 0.30, p<0.05), and belief that there is a God (tau = 0.32, p<0.05). Phase 2 consisted of interviews with 9 of the survey respondents, yielding qualitative data that were analysed through an interpretative framework based on two hermeneutic theories. The qualitative analysis showed that religious beliefs are used to construct purpose in a meaning making process consisting primarily of three elements in a meaning system. Beliefs regarding what is ultimately good (ultimate concerns) and beliefs regarding the purpose and role of humanity (overall purpose) provides a foundation for the construction of purpose in life. The individual constructs purpose by locating himself/herself (self-definition) in relation to ultimate concerns and overall purpose. The results of phase 2 also showed that both the content and conviction of religious beliefs influence their use in the construction of purpose in life, further explicating the results of phase 1.  The joint analysis of the two phases showed that the results from phase 2 supported the results from phase 1, both regarding the beliefs involved in the construction of purpose in life and the importance of both content and conviction in meaning making processes.  Suggestions for further research include additional research on the connections between the various elements of a meaning system, research on the connection between religious beliefs, purpose and the development of self-definition, as well as further theoretical developments of meaning system theory, and harmonisation of meaning system theory with other, complementary theoretical perspectives.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-17T15:02:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 974638 bytes, checksum: 03a947ec95d64a62056c1838c26f9b4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Death is part of life cycle of the human being, and it is interpreted through culture, values and religious beliefs. However, what is universal in human beings is the search for the meaning of death, and religiosity has a leading role in this process. In view of the above considerations, two studies were conducted in order to understand the relationship between religious beliefs, sense of life and attitudes towards death. The first study had the objective of validating an instrument of religious beliefs. To achieve that, we relied on a sample of 126 participants, respondents were 8,7% from the Christian Conscience s Meeting, 56,5% from the New Consciousness s Meeting and 34.8% were students of Science of Religions from UFPB and 51.6 % were female. To collect data we used the Scale of Religious Beliefs, proposed for this study, and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The result suggested its factorial validity distinguishing two factors called Occidental Belief and Oriental Belief. The precision of the scales was satisfactory (α> 0.70), indicating the relevance of this measure as an index to measure religious beliefs. The second study aimed to investigate the relationship between beliefs and the perception of sense in life, identify the associations between beliefs and attitudes towards death and, finally, to verify the relationship between perception of sense and attitudes towards death. The sample consisted of 121 participants, that 57% were female. Respondents were 5% from the Christian Conscience s Meeting, 61.1% from the New Consciousness s Meeting and 33.9% were students of Science of Religions from UFPB. For collecting data we used three scales: religious beliefs, Sense of Life Questionnaire and Profile of Attitudes Against Death, in addition we inserted an socio-demographic instrument. The results suggested that the sense of achievement was directly associated with the occidental belief, while the search for meaning is a correlates positively with oriental belief. The conception of finitude in occidental belief is understood by religious acceptance and escape, but in the oriental belief this result was the opposite. And the greater the sense of accomplishment the perception of death is accepted by a religious vision and less understood as fear and avoidance, and the greater the search for meaning greater the perception of death as fear. The results were discussed based on the theory of Viktor Frankl as well as from the fundamentals of the conceptions of science of religions. / A morte faz parte do ciclo vital do ser humano sendo interpretada por meio da cultura, dos valores e das crenças religiosas. Contudo, o que há de universal no ser humano seria a busca de sentido da morte, tendo a religiosidade um papel preponderante nesse processo. Tendo em vista as considerações supracitadas, foram realizados dois estudos buscando compreender a relação entre crenças religiosas, sentido de vida e as atitudes perante a morte. O primeiro estudo teve por objetivo validar um instrumento de crenças religiosas. Para tanto, contou-se com uma amostra de 126 participantes, que foram 8,7% do Encontro da Consciência Cristã, 56,5% do Encontro da Nova Consciência e 34,8% foram estudantes de Ciência das Religiões na UFPB e 51,6% do sexo feminino. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado a Escala de Crenças Religiosas, proposta para este estudo, e um questionário sócio-demográfico. O resultado sugeriu a sua validade fatorial distinguindo dois fatores denominados de Crença Ocidental e Crença Oriental. A precisão das escalas foi satisfatória (α > 0,70) indicando a pertinência dessa medida como um índice para a aferição das crenças religiosas. Já o segundo estudo teve como objetivo averiguar as relações entre as crenças e a percepção de sentindo na vida, identificar as associações entre as crenças e as atitudes perante a morte e, por fim, verificar as relações entre percepção de sentido e atitudes perante a morte. A amostra foi composta por 121 participantes, sendo 57% do sexo feminino. Os entrevistados eram 5% do Encontro da Consciência Cristã, 61,1% do Encontro da Nova Consciência e 33,9% foram estudantes de Ciência das Religiões na UFPB. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados três escalas: Escala de crenças religiosas, Questionário de Sentido de Vida e o Perfil de Atitudes Perante a Morte, sendo acrescido um instrumento sócio-demográfico. Os resultados sugeriram que a realização de sentido se associou diretamente com a crença ocidental, enquanto que a busca de sentido se correlaciono positivamente com a crença oriental. A concepção da finitude na crença ocidental é compreendida através da aceitação religiosa e escape, na crença oriental esse resultado foi inverso. E quanto maior é a realização de sentido a percepção de morte é aceita em uma visão religiosa e menos compreendida como evitação e medo e quanto maior for a busca de sentido maior será a percepção de morte como medo. Os resultados foram discutidos à luz da teoria de Viktor Frankl bem como a partir dos fundamentos das concepções acerca das ciências das religiões.

abstract: Collaborative learning is a common teaching strategy in classrooms across age groups and content areas. It is important to measure and understand the cognitive process involved during collaboration to improve teaching methods involving interactive activities. This research attempted to answer the question: why do students learn more in collaborative settings? Using three measurement tools, 142 participants from seven different biology courses at a community college and at a university were tested before and after collaborating about the biological process of natural selection. Three factors were analyzed to measure their effect on learning at the individual level and the group level. The three factors were: difference in prior knowledge, sex and religious beliefs. Gender and religious beliefs both had a significant effect on post-test scores. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction 2012

O sucesso indiscutível do uso da terapêutica medicamentosa com os antirretrovirais na redução da morbimortalidade relacionada à AIDS tem provocado alterações nas prioridades para a manutenção da saúde das pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS, cuja sobrevida tem aumentado significativamente. Entretanto, surgem as doenças degenerativas e os eventos adversos dos antirretrovirais, tais como as modificações corporais, as alterações do metabolismo das gorduras e da glicose, dentre outras. Estes efeitos colaterais têm gerado estigmatizações, podendo gerar resistência à adesão ao tratamento. Partindo desses pressupostos, o presente estudo teve como objetivos: (01) verificar o perfil sócio-epidemiológico, comportamental e religioso, bem como os impactos da adesão aos antirretrovirais nos indivíduos adultos com HIV/AIDS em acompanhamento; (02) traçar o perfil sócio-epidemiológico dos indivíduos com HIV/AIDS em terapia medicamentosa; correlacionando as crenças religiosas e a adesão à terapia com os antirretrovirais, e (03) observar os impactos da lipodistrofia na aderência do tratamento medicamentoso. Foi um estudo do tipo transversal, de natureza quantitativa, analítica e descritiva. Os dados foram coletados no Centro de Atenção e Apoio à Vida Dr. David Capistrano Filho (CAAV), em Vitória da Conquista BA, a investigação literária foi realizada na Escola Superior de Teologia, de São Leopoldo RS, as variáveis utilizadas foram as sócio demográficas comportamentais, as terapêuticas e as religiosas e os dados foram tratados no EPI-INFO versão 3.5.2. A pesquisa envolveu 31 indivíduos, sendo o gênero feminino o mais alcançado, identificados como pertencentes à faixa etária mais acometida pelo HIV/AIDS os indivíduos entre 30 a 39 anos. Destes, 52,9 % apresentando lipodistrofia associada ao uso do TARV. No entanto, esse efeito colateral não interferiu na adesão à terapia medicamentosa. Dos 90,3 % dos entrevistados que expuseram crença religiosa, 45,2 % são católicos, 22,6 % são evangélicos, 19,4 % de outras religiões, 9,7% são espíritas e 3,2 % são de religiões afro-brasileiras. A pesquisa apontou o suporte religioso como fator relevante no enfretamento da doença e na adesão medicamentosa. / The indisputable success in the use of drug therapy with the antiretroviral medications in the reduction of the mortality related with AIDS has provoked alterations in the priorities of maintenance of the health of the people living with HIV/AIDS, whose survival rate has increased significantly. However, degenerative illnesses and adverse reactions related to the antiretroviral medications are arising such as corporal changes, alterations in the metabolism of the fats and glucose, among others. These collateral effects have generated stigmatizations, which can cause resistance to the adherence to the treatment. Starting from these presuppositions, the current study had as goals: (01) verify the social-epidemiological, behavioral and religious profile as well as the impacts of adhering to the antiretroviral medications in the adult individuals with HIV/AIDS being accompanied; (02) trace the social-epidemiological profile of the individuals with HIV/AIDS in drug therapy; correlating the religious beliefs and the adhesion to the therapy with the antiretroviral medication and (03) observe the impacts of lipodystrophy on the adhesion to the drug treatment. It was a transversal type of study, of a quantitative, analytical and descriptive nature. The data was collected at the Centro de Atenção e Apoio à Vida Dr. David Capistrano Filho (CAAV) [Dr. David Capistrano Filho Center for Attention and Support for Life] in Vitória da Conquista BA, the literary investigation was carried out at the Escola Superior de Teologia in São Leopoldo RS, the variables used were the behavioral, therapeutic and religious social demographic variables and the data was treated in the EPI-INFO 3.5.2 version. The research involved 31 individuals, being that the feminine gender was the one most reached. They were identified as belonging to the age group that is most affected by HIV/AIDS which are the individuals between 30 and 39 years of age. Of these 52.9% presented lipodystrophy associated with the use of the TARV. However, this collateral effect did not interfere in the adhesion to the drug therapy. Of the 90.3% interviewed who expressed a religious belief, 45.2% are Catholic, 22.6% are Evangelical, 19.4% are of other religions, 9.7% are Spiritists and 3.2% are from the Afro Brazilian religions. The research pointed to religious support as a relevant factor in confronting the disease and the drug therapy.

Home Sweet Home is a short horror film that tells the story of Gavin and his encounters with supernatural energies after he moves to a new room. In the end, the story reveals that his roommate is the initiator. The movie draws inspiration from a variety of classic horror films, with an emphasis on those that are set in homes and bedrooms. Home is usually considered the safest place, but when this familiar place is haunted, it tortures us, and we have nowhere to run. Taiwanese religious elements along with urban legends, are featured prominently in the video as a source of the terror. / Master of Fine Arts / Home Sweet Home is a short horror film produced by a group of Virginia Tech students. The film tells the story of Gavin following his encounters with the paranormal following his relocation to a new room. In the end, the story reveals that his roommate is the initiator. The film is inspired by many classic horror films with a concentration on films containing scenes in the bedroom and at home in particular, such as the Japanese movie" Ju On," the "A Nightmare on Elm Street" series, and "It Follows," etc. Home is usually considered the safest place, but when this familiar place is haunted, it tortures us, and there is nowhere we can flee. Taiwanese religious elements and urban legends are featured prominently in the video as a source of terror. Details in the film show Taiwanese's unique religious belief culture: a blend of Taoism, Buddhism, and some Hinduism and local beliefs.