Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-10T18:01:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KEYTT AMARAL DA SILVA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2015..pdf: 1966719 bytes, checksum: d55ff8700252c9540c54209c808e22a3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T18:01:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KEYTT AMARAL DA SILVA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2015..pdf: 1966719 bytes, checksum: d55ff8700252c9540c54209c808e22a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08 / Neste trabalho apresentamos a construção detalhada da solução do Problema de Riemann associado à um sistema de leis de conservação de um problema não estritamente hiperbólico, proveniente da modelagem matemática de um escoamento unidimensional bifásico num meio poroso em que as fases são óleo e água com polímero dissolvido, para dados iniciais arbitrários no espaço de estados. A construção da solução do sistema é baseada na solução da equação de Buckley−Leverett para cada nível de concentração constante de polímero e nas curvas integrais de uma campo característico linearmente degenerado que dá origem as chamadas ondas de contato. / We present the detailed construction of the Riemann problem solution associate to a system of conservation laws of a non−strictly hyperbolic problem, from mathematical modeling of a one-dimensional two-flow in a porous medium filled by oil and water with dissolved polymer, for arbitrary initial data in the state space. The construction of the system solution is based on the solution Buckley−Leverett equation for each level constant polymer concentration and on the integral curves of a linearly degenerated field characteristic that gives rise to the so-called contact waves.

The Eulerian description of dispersed two-phase flows results in a system of partial differential equations describing characteristics of the flow, namely volume fraction, density and velocity of the two phases, around any point in space over time. When pressure forces are neglected or a same pressure is considered for both phases, the resulting system is weakly hyperbolic and solutions may exhibit vacuum states (regions void of the dispersed phase) or localized unbounded singularities (delta shocks) that are not physically desirable. Therefore, it is crucial to find a physical way for preventing the formation of such undesirable solutions in weakly hyperbolic Eulerian two-phase flow models. This thesis focuses on the mathematical analysis of an Eulerian model for air- droplet flows, here called the Eulerian droplet model. This model can be seen as the sticky particle system with a source term and is successfully used for the prediction of droplet impingement and more recently for the prediction of particle flows in air- ways. However, this model includes only one-way momentum exchange coupling, and develops delta shocks and vacuum states. The main goal of this thesis is to improve this model, especially for the prevention of delta shocks and vacuum states, and the adjunction of two-way momentum exchange coupling. Using a characteristic analysis, the condition for loss of regularity of smooth solutions of the inviscid Burgers equation with a source term is established. The same condition applies to the droplet model. The Riemann problems associated, respectively, to the Burgers equation with a source term and the droplet model are solved. The characteristics are curves that tend asymptotically to straight lines. The existence of an entropic solution to the generalized Rankine-Hugoniot conditions is proven. Next, a way for preventing the formation of delta shocks and vacuum states in the model is identified and a new Eulerian droplet model is proposed. A new hierarchy of two-way coupling Eulerian models is derived. Each model is analyzed and numerical comparisons of the models are carried out. Finally, 2D computations of air-particle flows comparing the new Eulerian droplet model with the standard Eulerian droplet model are presented.

<p>U doktorskoj disertaciji posmatrani su Rimanovi problemi kod strogo i slabo hiperboličnih&nbsp;nelinearnih sistema PDJ. U uvodu je predstavljena jednačina zakona održanja u jednoj prostornoj&nbsp;dimenziji i definisani su Ko&scaron;ijevi i Rimanovi problemi. U drugoj glavi, date su osnovne osobine&nbsp;nelinearnih hiperboličnih zakona održanja, uvedeni supojmovi stroge hiperboličnosti i slabog re&scaron;enja&nbsp;zakona održanja. Definisani su Rankin-Igono i entropijski uslovi kao i op&scaron;te re&scaron;enje Rimanovog problema&nbsp;(za dovoljno male početne uslove). U trećoj glavi detaljno je obja&scaron;njena Glimova diferencna &nbsp;&scaron;ema. Metod&nbsp;praćenja talasa predstavljen je u četvrtoj glavi. Pokazano je da se ovom metodom, za dovoljno male&nbsp;početne uslove, dobija stabilno i jedinstveno re&scaron;enje koje u svakom vremenu ima ograničenu totalnu&nbsp;varijaciju. U petoj glavi, posmatrana je jednačina protoka izentropnog gasa u Lagranžovim koordinatama.&nbsp;Uz pretpostavku da je početni uslov ograničen i da ima ograničenu totalnu varijaciju, pokazano je da&nbsp;Ko&scaron;ijev problem ima jedinstveno slabo re&scaron;enje ako je totalna varijacija početnog uslova pomnožena sa &nbsp;0&lt;&epsilon;&lt;&lt; 1 dovoljno mala. Slabo re&scaron;enjedobijeno je metodom praćenja talasa. U glavi &scaron;est ispitana je&nbsp;interakcija dva delta talasa koji su posmatrani kao specijalna vrsta shadowtalasa. U glavi sedam,&nbsp;pokazano je da za proizvoljno velike početne uslove, re&scaron;enje Rimanovog problema jednodimenzionalnog&nbsp;Ojlerovog zakona održanja gasne dinamikepostoji, daje jedinstveno i entropijski dopustivo, uz drugačiju<br />ocenu snaga elementarnih talasa. Data je numerička verifikacija interakcije dva delta talasa kori&scaron;ćenjem&nbsp;metode praćenja talasa.</p> / <p>In this doctoral thesis, Riemann problems for strictly and weakly nonlinear hyperbolic PDE&nbsp;systems were observed. In the introduction, conservation laws in one spatial dimension were presented&nbsp;and the Cauchy and Riemann problems were defined. In the second chapter, the basic properties of&nbsp;nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws were intorduced, as well as the terms such as strictly hyperbolic&nbsp;system and weak solution of conservation law. Also, Rankine -Hugoniot and entropy conditions were<br />introduced and the general solution to the Riemann problem (for sufficiently small initial conditions) were&nbsp;defined. Glimm&rsquo;s difference scheme was explained in the third chapter. The wave front tracking method&nbsp;was introduced in the fourth chapter. It was shown that, using this method, for sufficiently small initial&nbsp;conditions, it could be obtained a unique solution with bounded total variation for t &ge;0. In the fifth&nbsp;chapter, the Euler equations for isentropic fluid inLagrangian coordinates were observed. Under the&nbsp;assumption that the initial condition was bounded and had bounded total variation, it was shown that the&nbsp;Cauchy problem had a weak unique solution, provided that the total variation of initial condition&nbsp;multiplied by 0&lt;&epsilon;&lt;&lt;1 was sufficiently &nbsp;small. Weak solution was obtained by applying the wave front&nbsp;tracking method. In the sixth chapter, the interaction of two delta shock waves were examined. Delta&nbsp;shock waves were regarded as special kind of shadowwaves. In the chapter seven, it was shown that for&nbsp;arbitrarily large initial conditions, solution to the Riemann problem of one-dimensional Euler&nbsp;conservation laws of gas dynamics existed, it was unique and admissible. New bounds on the strength of&nbsp;elementary waves in the wave front tracking algorithm were given. The numerical verification of two&nbsp;delta shock waves interaction via wave front tracking method was given at the end of the thesis.</p>

In this Thesis we explore, both theoretically and numerically, splitting strategies for a hyperbolic system of one-dimensional (1D) blood flow equations with a passive scalar transport equation. Our analysis involves a two-step framework that includes splitting at the level of partial differential equations (PDEs) and numerical methods for discretizing the ensuing problems. This study is inspired by the original flux splitting approach of Toro and Vázquez-Cendón (2012) originally developed for the conservative Euler equations of compressible gas dynamics. In this approach the flux vector in the conservative case, and the system matrix in the non-conservative one, are split into advection and pressure terms: in this way, two systems of partial differential equations are obtained, the advection system and the pressure system. From the mathematical as well as numerical point of view, a basic problem to be solved is the special Cauchy problem called the Riemann problem. This latter provides an analytical solution to evaluate the performance of the numerical methods and, in our approach, it is of primary importance to build the presented numerical schemes. In the first part of the Thesis a detailed theoretical analysis is presented, involving the exact solution of the Riemann problem for the 1D blood flow equations, depicted for a general constant momentum correction coefficient and a tube law that allows to describe both arteries and veins with continuous or discontinuous mechanical and geometrical properties and an advection equation for a passive scalar transport. In literature, this topic has been already studied only for a momentum correction coefficient equal to one, that is related to the prescribed velocity profile and in this case corresponds to a flat one, i.e. an inviscid fluid. In the case of discontinuous properties, only the subsonic regime is considered. In addition we propose a procedure to compute the obtained exact solution and finally we validate it numerically, by comparing exact solutions to those obtained with well-known, numerical schemes on a carefully designed set of test problems. Furthermore, an analogous theoretical analysis and resolution algorithm are presented for the advection system and the pressure system arising from the splitting at the level of PDEs of the complete system of 1D blood flow equations. It is worth noting that the pressure system, in case of veins, presents a loss of genuine non-linearity resulting in the formation of rarefactions, shocks and compound waves, these latter being a composition of rarefactions and shocks. In the second part of the Thesis we present novel finite volume-type, flux splitting-based, numerical schemes for the conservative 1D blood flow equations and splitting-based numerical schemes for the non-conservative 1D blood flow equations that incorporate an advection equation for a passive scalar transport, considering tube laws that allow to model blood flow in arteries and veins and take into account a general constant momentum correction coefficient. A detailed efficiency analysis is performed in order to showcase the advantages of the proposed methodologies in comparison to standard approaches.

Neste trabalho é apresentada uma nova modelagem matemática para a descrição do escoamento de um líquido incompressível através de um meio poroso rígido homogêneo e isotrópico, a partir do ponto de vista da Teoria Contínua de Misturas. O fenômeno é tratado como o movimento de uma mistura composta por três constituintes contínuos: o primeiro representando a matriz porosa, o segundo representando o líquido e o terceiro representando um gás de baixíssima densidade. O modelo proposto possibilita uma descrição matemática realista do fenômeno de transição insaturado/saturado a partir de uma combinação entre um sistema de equações diferenciais parciais e uma desigualdade. A desigualdade representa uma limitação geométrica oriunda da incompressibilidade do líquido e da rigidez do meio poroso. Alguns casos particulares são simulados e os resultados comparados com resultados clássicos, mostrando as consequências de não levar em conta as restrições inerentes ao problema. / This work is concerned with a new mathematical modelling for describing the flow of an incompressible fluid (a liquid) through a rigid, homogeneous and isotropic porous medium, from a Continuum Mixtures point of view. The phenomenon is regarded as the motion of a mixture composed by three overlaping continuous constituents: the first one representing the porous matrix, the second one representing the liquid and the third one representing a (very) low density gas. The proposed mathematical modelling allows a realistic mathematical description for the unsaturated/saturated transition process by means of a combination between a system of partial differential equations and an inequality. This inequality represents a geometrical constraint arising from the liquid incompressibility merged with the porous matrix rigidity. The simulation of some interesting particular cases is carried out presenting a comparison between the obtained results and the classical ones, showing the consequences of disregarding the constraints associated to the phenomenon.

Title: Numerical Solution of the Three-dimensional Compressible Flow Author: Martin Kyncl Department: Department of Numerical Mathematics Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Jiří Felcman, CSc. Abstract: This thesis deals with a fluid flow in 3D in general. The system of the equations, describing the compressible gas flow, is solved numerically, with the aid of the finite volume method. The main purpose is to describe particular boundary conditions, based on the analysis of the incomplete Riemann problem. The analysis of the original initial-value problem shows, that the right hand-side initial condition, forming the Riemann problem, can be partially replaced by the suitable complementary condition. Several modifications of the Riemann problem are introduced and analyzed, as an original result of this work. Algorithms to solve such problems were implemented and used in code for the solution of the compressible gas flow. Numerical experiments documenting the suggested methods are performed. Keywords: compressible fluid flow, the Navier-Stokes equations, the Euler equations, boundary conditions, finite volume method, the Riemann problem, numerical flux, tur- bulent flow

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-11T13:32:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ERIVALDO DINIZ DE LIMA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2015..pdf: 2368610 bytes, checksum: 3db3b8e45efcb83c955dae60371f8f4b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T13:32:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ERIVALDO DINIZ DE LIMA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2015..pdf: 2368610 bytes, checksum: 3db3b8e45efcb83c955dae60371f8f4b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08 / Neste trabalho consideramos um sistema de leis de conservação proveniente da modelagem matemática de um escoamento bifásico unidimensional num meio poroso, preenchido de óleo e água com polímero dissolvido nela e levando em conta a adsorção de parte do polímero pela rocha. Usando a técnica das curvas de onda apresentamos a construção detalhada da solução do problema de Riemann para dados iniciais arbitrários no espaço de estados. Usamos a condição de entropia do per l viscoso para as ondas de choque com salto na concentração do polímero e a condição de Oleinik-Liu para os choques com concentração constante do polímero e salto na saturação da água / In this work we consider a system of conservation laws from the mathematical modeling of a one-dimensional two-phase flow in porous media, filled with oil and water with dissolved polymer in it and taking into account the adsorption of part of the polymer by the rock. Using the wave curves technique, we present a detailed construction of the Riemann problem solution for arbitrary initial data on the state space. We use the entropy condition of the viscous pro le for the shock waves with jumps in the polymer concentration and Oleynik-Liu condition for the shocks with constant concentration of polymer and jumps on the water saturation.

Neste trabalho é apresentada uma nova modelagem matemática para a descrição do escoamento de um líquido incompressível através de um meio poroso rígido homogêneo e isotrópico, a partir do ponto de vista da Teoria Contínua de Misturas. O fenômeno é tratado como o movimento de uma mistura composta por três constituintes contínuos: o primeiro representando a matriz porosa, o segundo representando o líquido e o terceiro representando um gás de baixíssima densidade. O modelo proposto possibilita uma descrição matemática realista do fenômeno de transição insaturado/saturado a partir de uma combinação entre um sistema de equações diferenciais parciais e uma desigualdade. A desigualdade representa uma limitação geométrica oriunda da incompressibilidade do líquido e da rigidez do meio poroso. Alguns casos particulares são simulados e os resultados comparados com resultados clássicos, mostrando as consequências de não levar em conta as restrições inerentes ao problema. / This work is concerned with a new mathematical modelling for describing the flow of an incompressible fluid (a liquid) through a rigid, homogeneous and isotropic porous medium, from a Continuum Mixtures point of view. The phenomenon is regarded as the motion of a mixture composed by three overlaping continuous constituents: the first one representing the porous matrix, the second one representing the liquid and the third one representing a (very) low density gas. The proposed mathematical modelling allows a realistic mathematical description for the unsaturated/saturated transition process by means of a combination between a system of partial differential equations and an inequality. This inequality represents a geometrical constraint arising from the liquid incompressibility merged with the porous matrix rigidity. The simulation of some interesting particular cases is carried out presenting a comparison between the obtained results and the classical ones, showing the consequences of disregarding the constraints associated to the phenomenon.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-11T14:36:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 edwinmarcosmaravipercca.pdf: 1012447 bytes, checksum: f4600cdbca54aedbb08335b949e92788 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-17T20:09:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 edwinmarcosmaravipercca.pdf: 1012447 bytes, checksum: f4600cdbca54aedbb08335b949e92788 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-17T20:09:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 edwinmarcosmaravipercca.pdf: 1012447 bytes, checksum: f4600cdbca54aedbb08335b949e92788 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / As leis de balanço expressam de uma maneira mais geral as leis de conservação e, portanto, é natural que coincidam em algumas definições ou resultados que vamos mostrar aqui. Um sistema de leis de conservação estritamente hiperbólico numa dimensão espacial sob certas condições é um sistema simetrizável, portanto, possui uma entropia convexa. Isto induz a definiroparentropia-fluxodeentropiaeaproduçãodeentropia,ingredientesmínimospara usar o critério de admissibilidade da taxa de entropia e conferir se a solução do problema de Riemann respectivo é ótimo. A taxa de entropia definida aqui em termos da entropia é um funcional que pode ser minimizada nos leques de ondas com estados constantes do problema de Riemann, usando as equações de Euler-Lagrange. Primeiramente, mostramos que as soluções do problema de Riemann são funções de variação limitada, resultando num método variacional para resolver o problema. Neste trabalho será mostrado que a solução obtida pelo método variacional, coincide com a solução obtida pelo método das curvas caraterísticas. / The balance laws express in a more general way the conservation laws and therefore it is naturalthattheycoincideinsomedefinitionsorresultsthatwewillshowhere. Thestrictly hyperbolic systems of conservation laws in a spatial dimension under certain conditions is a symmetrizable system, therefore it has a convex entropy. This induces to define the entropy-entropy flux pair and the entropy production, minimum ingredients to use the Entropy rate admissibility criterion and check whether the solution of the respective Riemann problem is optimal. The entropy rate defined here in terms of entropy is a functional that can be minimized in the wave fans with constant states of the Riemann problem using the Euler-Lagrange equations, we show that the solutions of the Riemann problem are functions of bounded variation, resulting in a variational method to solve the respective problem. In this work it will be shown that the solution obtained by the variational method, coincides with the solution obtained by the method of characteristics.

Dans la production d'électricité, un des leviers centraux pour réduire les détériorations et les pertes causées par l'humidité dans les turbines à vapeur est l'étude des films liquides. Ces films minces, sont créés par la déposition de gouttes et sont fortement cisaillés. Des gouttes peuvent ensuite être arrachées du film. A l'heure actuelle, aucun modèle complet et valide n'existe pour décrire ce phénomène. Un modèle 2D à formulation intégrale associé à des lois de fermetures a été dérivé pour représenter ce film. Comparé aux équations classiques de Saint-Venant, le modèle prend en compte davantage d'effets : le transfert de masse, l'impact des gouttes, le cisaillement à la surface libre, la tension de surface, le gradient de pression et la rotation. Une analyse des propriétés du modèle (hyperbolicité, entropie, conservativité, analyse de stabilité linéaire, invariance par translation et par rotation) est réalisée pour juger de la pertinence du modèle. Un nouveau code 2D est implémenté dans un module de développement libre du code EDF Code Saturne et une méthode de volumes finis pour un maillage non-structure a été développée. La vérification du code est ensuite effectuée avec des solutions analytiques dont un problème de Riemann. Le modèle, qui dégénère en modèle classique de Saint-Venant pour le cas d'un film tombant sur un plan inclinée, est validé par l'expérience de Liu and Gollub, 1994, PoF et comparé à des modèles de références (Ruyer-Quil and Manneville, 2000, EPJ-B et Lavalle, 2014, PhD thesis). Un autre cas d'étude met en scène un film cisaillé en condition basse-pression de turbine à vapeur et, est validé par l'expérience de Hammitt et al., 1981, I. Enfin, le code film est couplé aux données 3D du champ de vapeur autour d'un stator d'une turbine basse-pression du parc EDF, issues de Blondel, 2014, PhD thesis. Cette application industrielle montre la faisabilité d'une simulation d'un film en condition réelle du turbine à vapeur. / In the electricity production, one central key to reduce damages and losses due to wetness in steam turbines is the study of liquid films. These thin films are created by the deposition of droplets and are highly sheared. This film may then be atomized into coarse water. At the moment, no comprehensive and validated model exists to describe this phenomenon. A 2D model based on a integral formulation associated with closure laws is developed to represent this film. Compared to classical Shallow-Water equation, the model takes into account additional effect : mass transfer, droplet impact, shearing at the free surface, surface tension, pressure gradient and the rotation. The model properties (hyperbolicity, entropy, conservativity, linear stability, Galilean invariance and rotational invariance) has been analyzed to judge the pertinence of the model. A new 2D code is implemented in a free module of the code EDF Code Saturne and a finite volume method for unstructured mesh has been developed. The verification of the code is then carried out with analytical solutions including a Riemann problem. The model, which degenerates into classical Shallow-Water equations for the case of a falling liquid film on a inclined plane, is validated by the experiment of Liu and Gollub, 1994, PoF and compared to reference models (Ruyer-Quil and Manneville, 2000, EPJ-B et Lavalle, 2014, PhD thesis). Another study depicts a sheared film under low-pressure steam turbine conditions and is validated by the experiment of Hammitt et al., 1981, FiI. Lastly, the code film is coupled to 3D steam data around a fixed blade of a BP100 turbine, from Blondel, 2014, PhD thesis. This industrial application shows the feasibility of liquid film's simulation in real steam turbine condition.