Global ETD Search

161	Development of an M-Payment system prototype for a marginalized region (Dwesa case study) Mpofu, Handsome C January 2011 (has links) Wireless technologies, such as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), are making it easier to provide the much needed telecommunications infrastructure in marginalized areas worldwide. These technologies enable the rapid deployment of network services as well as their redistribution throughout these marginalized areas. The ability to bring Internet connectivity to previously underserviced and marginalized areas has the potential to leap-frog socio-economic development and improve participation in the global knowledge economy. This study investigated how wireless access technologies, such as WiMAX and WiFi, can be integrated and used to deliver ubiquitous distributed Internet connectivity with increased capillarity in rural areas. The research was undertaken within an ICT for Development (ICT4D) intervention called Siyakhula Living Lab (SLL) which is based in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The research further eliminated the accessibility constraints associated with long distances and remoteness from the Digital Access Nodes (DANs) and provided increased penetration in the network in contrast to the traditional Telecentre model which has been used extensively in ICT4D interventions. This was achieved by deploying WiFi hotspots around the DANs and extending the existing SLL WiMAX backbone to increase the network footprint to neighboring communities. The technical result of the research has been the provision of increased capillarity on the network and service redistribution throughout the entire Dwesa community. Consequently, this has given local community members an opportunity to access network services easily and ubiquitously. Finally, the research investigated and presented the benefits of such wireless network deployment configurations on ICT4D activities in marginalized areas.
162	Feminization of poverty within rural households of Thulamela Municipality in South Africa Ngonyama, Matimba George 05 1900 (has links) PhDRDV / Institute for Rural Development / See the attached abstract below Households Poverty Feminization Rural areas 362.50968257 Poor women -- South Africa -- Limpopo Women -- South Africa -- Limpopo Poverty -- South Africa -- Limpopo Poor -- South Africa -- Limpopo Basic needs -- South Africa -- Limpopo Begging -- South Africa -- Limpopo Rural poor -- South Africa -- Limpopo
163	Rural youth poverty alleviation in the Zambezi Region: problems and possibilities Sisinyise, Nico Liswani 09 1900 (has links) The objectives of the study were to analyse rural youth poverty alleviation in the Zambezi Region, problems, and possibilities in order to determine how rural youth agricultural and non-agricultural livelihood activities have improved their livelihood and alleviated poverty. The Sustainable Livelihoods Framework has helped the researcher to understand and explain rural youth poverty alleviation, problems, and possibilities in the study area. The study employed a mixed-method approach, with more emphasis on qualitative research. The study had a total size sample of 223, respondents, including focus group discussions. The findings indicate that no livelihood analysis was carried out for rural youth in agriculture and non-agricultural activities in the Zambezi Region. For this reason, agricultural and non-agricultural programmes and projects have not addressed rural youth poverty alleviation. The findings also show that rural youth in agriculture and non-agricultural activities are exposed to numerous factors affecting their livelihood, as most of them cannot efficiently affect the vulnerability context. Furthermore, rural youth depends on their families and friends for livelihood support since they lack access to most livelihood assets. Despite livelihood improvement, rural youth faces problems that impede poverty alleviation in both agriculture and non-agricultural livelihood activities; lack of participation in policy deliberations, access to markets, Information Communication Technologies, training in both agriculture and non-agricultural activities, limited access to financial services and limited access to land. The study demonstrates that successful agricultural and non-agricultural programmes need to take rural youth sincerely to influence rural youth poverty alleviation. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the limited literature on rural youth poverty alleviation and also provide a rural youth critique in agriculture and non-agricultural activities in Namibia. / Development Studies / D. Phil. (Development Studies) Rural youth Agriculture Non-agricultural activities Livelihood Sustainable livelihoods approach Sustainable livelihoods framework Poverty alleviation 338.1096881 Rural youth -- Namibia -- Zambezi Region Rural poor -- Namibia -- Zambezi Region
164	Rural energy systems and the rural development process: a case study from Limpopo Province Ntobeng, Ntwampe Albert 30 April 2007 (has links) The rapid and sustained development of the rural regions of South Africa continues to pose an extraordinary challenge to the development community of the country. Policy makers continue to be overwhelmed by the lack of development in the rural areas in spite of the various efforts made to develop them. A review of the publications and development plans of the study region indicates that the planners have for long been pre-occupied with taking limited perspectives of the development planning problems. Development plans have been conceived and implemented in terms of individual sectors instead of looking at their relations with other sectors and regions. This study seeks to make a contribution to the solution of the development problems of the rural areas of the former homeland regions by demonstrating how an integrated approach to the research process and to development planning could make a difference to the lives of the rural communities. This theme is illustrated with reference to the rural energy sector and its relations with the broader regional development problems, challenges and plans of the Sekhukhune district municipality of the Limpopo Province. / GEOGRAPHY / MA (GEOGRAPHY) Critical realist methodology Rural electrification Reification Energy city Environmental degradation Integrated development planning Rural energy system Rural poverty 307.14120968255 Energy policy -- South Africa --Limpopo Rural poor -- South Africa --Limpopo
165	The impact of east coast fever on African homestead society in the Natal colony 1901-1910 Thabede, Mfanimpela Ishmael 08 1900 (has links) This dissertation looks at the impact of East Coast Fever on African homestead society in Natal in the period 1901-1910. The disease broke out in Natal at the beginning of 1904. With the realization that East Coast Fever was another lethal epizootic, the Natal Colonial Government introduced measures to control the spread of the disease and finally eradicate it. The campaign was, however, not successful. The disease thus spread throughout the colony and led to the loss of many cattle owned by Africans. By 1909 not more than four divisions in the colony remained free of the disease. The death of many cattle deprived Africans of the means of extensive cultivation, the source of income for the payment of rents and taxes, and Ilobolo. Many African males were forced to leave their homesteads for the towns and the mining sector in search of work. This eventually changed the nature of the homestead society. / History / M.A. (History) 636.2089684
166	Enhancing project sustainability beyond donor support : an analysis of grassroots democratisation as a possible alternative Mazibuko, Jacob Brighton 30 November 2007 (has links) This research, has relevance in the wake of dwindling aid channelled to the third world rural poor. This study has explored ways of breaking away from benevolence and economism. The research explores four objectives that are focussed on scanning the boundary, in terms of challenges and possible solutions. This provides some in-depth understanding of challenges that face the process of establishing self-sustaining institutions of development. In the last two objectives, the research explores some programming alternatives that would enhance the establishment of democratic and participatory organisations that maximise social capital and grassroots democratisation. A list of guidelines specific to institutions has been drawn. The results of the survey reveal that sustainability cannot be predicted due to the uncertainties and ambiguities associated with project success. The hypothesis that participation and grassroots democratisation facilitates project success has been validated and there was greater project success in participatory organisations, given the baseline context. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies) Sustainability challenges Scanning the boundary Economism Surge Project designs Participation Memocracy Nationalisation Liberalisation Capitalism Classical socialism Democratic socialism Participatory organisations Hierarchical Solidaristic Localism Giantism Globalism Localisation Villagisation Ujamma Harambee Social praxis 338.96897 Democratization -- Malawi Rural development -- Malawi Sustainable development -- Malawi Rural poor -- Services for -- Malawi Development economics -- Malawi Community development -- Malawi
167	Some issues affecting participation of the poor in development projects in Inkosikazi communal lands in Zimbabwe Khanye, Bhekimpilo 30 June 2005 (has links) This study investigates some of the issues affecting participation of the poor in two development projects in Inkosikazi communal lands in Zimbabwe. Recent trends in participatory development are reviewed and discussed in the study. Some definitions of the concept of participation are explored, including its historical background, importance and challenges. Fieldwork was undertaken in Inkosikazi communal lands in July 2004. Two projects were randomly sampled, and in one of them involving goat-rearing, some of the participants were classified as being very poor, while in the other, a heifer loan-scheme project, none of the participants could be classified as very poor. The possible reasons for these variations are explored in the study. The conclusion of the thesis is that the study succeeds in examining certain key issues affecting participation of the poor in Inkosikazi communal lands in Zimbabwe and recommendations thereof are made. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies) Gender issues Types of participation Development facilitators Participatory rural appraisal People-centred development projects Participation Indigenous knowledge Poor Poverty Participatory development approach 307.1412096891 Rural poor -- Zimbabwe Traditional farming -- Zimbabwe
168	Inpact of livelihood diversification on household food security : the case of Hurungwe District, Zimbabwe Ncube, Admiral 23 October 2012 (has links) This study examines the role of livelihood diversification in promoting household food security with particular reference to Hurungwe District in Zimbabwe. This focuses on assessing the contribution and impact of predominant livelihood diversification strategies in study area. The study employed qualitative methods of research entailing focus group discussions, observation, key informant interviews and literature review as methods of data collection. The study revealed that limited access to credit, skills development, markets and transport infrastructure weaken the efficacy of nonfarm livelihoods to improve food security. Key recommendations are that government, NGOs and communities must work in tandem to increase livelihood options for food insecure communities. Suggested strategies include increasing access to micro finance, vocational skills training and other support services paying attention to gender considerations. Areas requiring further investigation which emanated from the study include the impact of the shift to tobacco farming and how biotechnology has affected smallholder farmers. / Development Studies / M.A. (Development Studies) Livelihoods Livelihood diversification Food security Non-farm livelihoods Self-employment Wage labour Drought 333.316891 Land reform -- Zimbabwe Land settlement -- Zimbabwe Food security -- Zimbabwe Sustainable development -- Zimbabwe Right of property -- Zimbabwe Rural development -- Zimbabwe Income distribution -- Zimbabwe Poverty -- Zimbabwe Rural poor -- Zimbabwe Equality -- Zimbabwe Zimbabwe -- Economic conditions
169	School management imperatives in addressing the needs of impoverished secondary school learners in rural areas Tekete, Zoleka Mizper 01 1900 (has links) The study focuses on management strategies of the highly impoverished secondary schools of the Mount Fletcher District in the Eastern Cape. Challenges facing the impoverished learners and managerial experiences of principals of these schools have been discussed in the study. A literature review provided a conceptual framework and covered definitions of poverty, school management strategies, leadership styles and qualities required for a successful principal heading a secondary school with impoverished learners. An empirical investigation using a qualitative approach was conducted and data gathered by means of interviews with principals, Life Orientation teachers and parents. Finally a synopsis of findings and recommendations were made to assist the policy makers, Departmental officials, principals, teachers and parents in proper management of secondary schools in the poor rural communities. / Educational Leadership and Management / M. Ed. (Education Management) Impoverished learners Qualitative research Poverty Socio-economic conditions Poverty effect on learning Teenage pregnancy Learner drop-out rates Unemployment Management strategies Leadership styles Interviews Community upliftment 373.1200968759
170	Determinants of rural household food security in drought-prone areas of Ethiopia : case study in Lay Gaint District, Amhara Region Berlie, Arega Bazezew 11 1900 (has links) This study examines rural household food security and its determinants in drought-prone Amhara Region of Ethiopia by focusing on Lay Gaint district as a case study site. A range of factors from physical environmental circumstances to policy and institutions-related issues determine households‟ vulnerability to food insecurity and livelihood outcomes. The survey results showed that the majority (74%) of the sampled households experienced food insecurity. The situation was worse among female-headed households such that 86% of them were food insecure. The study revealed that, despite the low level of productivity related to local environmental constraints, rural livelihoods remain undiversified with small scale rain-fed agriculture to provide the primary source of livelihood for the large majority of households (~93% of respondents). Only about 25% of the respondents participated in some form of non-farm or off-farm activities, but with only little contribution to their total annual incomes. Food insecurity is a chronic problem in that, on average, households in the study area consume from own production for only about six months. The study found out that the majority of households (about 80%) perceived annual rainfall to be inadequate to support the growing of crops and grazing of animals. The main adaptive strategies employed by the majority of households included diversifying livestock kept, planting trees and diversifying crops. The study revealed that incidence, depth and severity of food insecurity of the food insecure households showed that Woina-Dega and Kolla agro-ecologies are prone to vulnerability to food insecurity. This suggests that development interventions that are geographically differentiated; and build household assets will improve household food security in the study area, and in other similar environments in the country. / Geography / D.Phil. Livelihoods SLF Food insecurity Vulnerability Smallholder farmers Perceptions Climate change Drought Adaptive strategies Lay Gaint Amhara Ethiopia 363.80963 Rural poor -- Ethiopia Sustainable development -- Ethiopia Nutrition surveys -- Ethiopia Etiopia -- Economic conditions Environmental policy -- Ethiopia Food relief -- Ethiopia

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