A implementação das regras de negócio em sistemas de informação não é uma atividade trivial. Isso acontece porque os modelos utilizados para representá-las não determinam como elas podem ser efetivamente implementadas em situações reais. Neste trabalho é proposta um método para a transformação das regras de negócio descritas em SBVR para um modelo de implementação. Essa tradução é feita mapeando todos os elementos relevantes do modelo em SBVR em um modelo em $\\pi$-calculus baseado em eventos. Neste modelo, existe uma representação explícita de todos os eventos que precisam ser monitorados a fim de identificar quando a regra pode ter sido violada. O objetivo é facilitar o gerenciamento das regras de negócio ao permitir que elas permaneçam separadas dos outros elementos da arquitetura e com isso possam ser gerenciadas de forma independente. / The implementation of business rules in an information system is not an easy task. This happens because most of the models used to represent them capture only the meaning of the rules and do not provide means to make them to be effectively implemented. In this work we provide an approach for the translation from a SBVR semantic description of business rules into a implementation model. This was done by mapping all relevant elements of the SBVR semantic representation into a $\\pi$-calculus event-driven model. On this model will be described explicitly all the events that must be monitored in order to identify when some rule may have been violated. This makes the business rule implementation easier because there is a explicit indication of the moment when make sense to do a verification in order to see if any rule was violated. Besides that, it easier the business rule management since the rules stay separate from the others elements of the system architecture and in this way can be managed independently.

A implementação das regras de negócio em sistemas de informação não é uma atividade trivial. Isso acontece porque os modelos utilizados para representá-las não determinam como elas podem ser efetivamente implementadas em situações reais. Neste trabalho é proposta um método para a transformação das regras de negócio descritas em SBVR para um modelo de implementação. Essa tradução é feita mapeando todos os elementos relevantes do modelo em SBVR em um modelo em $\\pi$-calculus baseado em eventos. Neste modelo, existe uma representação explícita de todos os eventos que precisam ser monitorados a fim de identificar quando a regra pode ter sido violada. O objetivo é facilitar o gerenciamento das regras de negócio ao permitir que elas permaneçam separadas dos outros elementos da arquitetura e com isso possam ser gerenciadas de forma independente. / The implementation of business rules in an information system is not an easy task. This happens because most of the models used to represent them capture only the meaning of the rules and do not provide means to make them to be effectively implemented. In this work we provide an approach for the translation from a SBVR semantic description of business rules into a implementation model. This was done by mapping all relevant elements of the SBVR semantic representation into a $\\pi$-calculus event-driven model. On this model will be described explicitly all the events that must be monitored in order to identify when some rule may have been violated. This makes the business rule implementation easier because there is a explicit indication of the moment when make sense to do a verification in order to see if any rule was violated. Besides that, it easier the business rule management since the rules stay separate from the others elements of the system architecture and in this way can be managed independently.

Ontologijos užklausų rašymas paprastiems vartotojams yra per daug sudėtingas. Vartotojai labiausiai mėgsta pateikti užklausas natūralia kalba. Tačiau dar nėra sukurtų programų, kurios suprastų tikrą natūralią kalbą. Šiuo metu galimas sprendimas yra naudoti ribotą (struktūrizuotą) natūralią kalbą, kuri sudaroma pagal tam tikrus šablonus. Sukūrus SBVR metamodeliu grindžiamą struktūrizuotos natūralios kalbos užklausų redaktorių, vartotojui nereikėtų specialistų pagalbos norint peržiūrėti ontologijų duomenis. Informaciją būtų galima peržiūrėti rašant klausimus struktūrizuota natūralia kalba. Šiame darbe nekeliamas tikslas iš struktūrizuotos kalbos klausimų gauti SPARQL užklausas, kadangi tai būtų per didelis uždavinys. Šio darbo tikslas yra atpažinti ir struktūrizuoti įvedamą tekstą, kad vėliau būtų galima generuoti XMI schemą ir transformuoti ją į SPARQL užklausas. / Ontology query writing for ordinary users too complicated. People mostly like to submit queries in natural language. However, software systems that could understand natural language do not exist yet. A possible solution is to use a limited (structured) natural language, which is formed according to certain patterns. Users having a structured natural language question editor based on SBVR metamodel would be able to analyse ontology data without help of professionals. They could write questions in structured natural language which is understandable for humans and computers. This work is not intended to transform structured questions into SPARQL queries, since it would be too big task. The aim of this work is to identify and formalize textual questions, typed by users, for subsequent generation of XMI schema and transforming them into a SPARQL queries.

Context. Automation of conversion of business rules into source code in software development project can reduce time and effort in phase of development. In this thesis we discuss automatic conversion of behavioral business rules defined in Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Rules (SBVR) standard, to fragments of Unified Modeling Language diagrams: activity, sequence and state machine. It is conversion from Computation Independent Model (CIM) into Platform Independent Model (PIM) levels defined by Model Driven Architecture (MDA). PIM in MDA can be further transformed into Platform Specific Model which is prepared for source code generation. Objectives. Aim of this thesis is to initially explore field of automatic conversion of behavioral business rules - conversion from SBVR representation to fragments of UML diagrams. It is done by fulfilment of objectives defined as following: -To find out properties of SBVR behavioral rule which ensure that the rule can be automatically converted to parts of UML behavioral diagrams (activity, sequence, state machine). -To propose mapping of SBVR contructs to constructs of UML behavioral diagrams. -To prepare guidelines which help to specify SBVR behavioral business rules in such way that they can be automatically transformed into fragments of selected UML behavioral diagrams. Methods. Expert opinion and case study were applied. Business analysts from industry and academia were asked to convert set of SBVR behavioral business rules to UML behavioral diagrams: activity, sequence and state machine. Analysis of the set of business rules and their conversions to UML diagrams was basis for fulfilment of objectives. Results. 2 syntax and 3 semantic properties were defined. Conversion rules which define mapping for SBVR behavioral business rules constructs to UML constructs were defined: 5 rules for conversion to activity diagram, 6 for conversion to sequence diagram, 5 for conversion to state machine diagram. 6 guidelines which are intended to help in specification of behavioral business rules that can be automatically transformed into UML diagrams according to the presented conversion rules, were defined. Conclusions. Research performed in this thesis is initial study of automatic conversion of behavioral business rules from SBVR notation to UML behavioral diagrams notation. Validation of defined properties, conversion rules and guidelines can be done in industry as future work. Re-execution of research for larger and more diverse set/sets of behavioral business rules taken from industry projects, sufficiently broad access to business analysts from industry and academia could help to improve results.

Šiuo metu vis daugiau įmonių nori apibrėžti organizacijose vykstančius veiklos procesus (toliau VP) atvaizduojant juos grafiškai, tačiau VP modeliuojantis analitikas ne visuomet nustato visus procese esančius apribojimus. Kadangi šių apribojimų jis negali peržiūrėti ir jų patvirtinti sumodeliuotame VP modelyje, padidėja rizika atsirasti neatitikimams ir klaidoms. Tai gali sutrikdyti organizacijos veiklą. Vadovaudamasis pateiktais VP modeliais kiekvienas dalyvis žino, kokia yra jo pozicija organizacijoje bei kokios jam deleguotos atsakomybės. Todėl ir yra svarbu, kad nubraižyti VP modeliai atitiktų realius organizacijos procesus. Taip pat svarbu išlaikyti informacijos vieningumą, modeliuojant kitus veiklos aspektus bei aiškumą bendradarbiaujant organizacijoje. Dėl šių priežasčių reikalingas veiklos žodynas (toliau VŽ), apibrėžiantis organizacijoje naudojamus pagrindinius terminus, faktus ir sinonimus, bei veiklos taisyklės (toliau VT), apibrėžiančios visus apribojimus organizacijoje. Dėl VP pokyčių ir didelės apimties, VŽ ir VT sudarymui turi būti naudojamas automatinis VŽ formavimo ir VT sudarymo metodas, kurio pagalba verslo atstovas sutaupo laiko ir užtikrina jo atitikimą realiai vykstantiems VP. Metodo realizacijai analizuojami VP modeliavimo (BPMN2, UML, Workflow) ir VŽ bei VT (SBVR, SRML ir PRR) formavimo standartai, įvertinant suprantamumą vartotojams, informacijos pateikimą, bei kitas funkcijas (pavyzdžiui, modelių transformavimas į vykdomąjį kodą, XML failo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / There are many organizations that want to represent their business processes (BP) using modeling notations, such as BPMN, UML and Workflow but usually the analyst cannot identify all necessary constraints of BP. Therefore responsibilities for the representatives of the organization cannot be correctly specified which leads to poor quality of work. In order to avoid such problems business process diagrams (BPD) must meet the real world processes. The research area of thesis covers various BP and business rules (BR) modeling notations, the intersection of BP and BR (the relevance and formation of BP and BR, applicability and integration of BR, the extraction of BR and business vocabulary (BV) from BPD). The main issue is the automated extraction of BV and BR from BPD which is used not only to compare business model to real organization processes but also it is useful to have BV in organization for more effective collaboration. The main tasks to solve the identified issue are the analysis of BP with their constraints, analysis of the structures of BR and their applicability in BP, the analysis of structures of BR in BP and finally the formation of the algorithm for the automated result’s extraction, creation and evaluation of prototype. The analysis of existing methods revealed that there is no such method that allows user to form BP and BR effectively integrating all necessary aspects. BPMN and SBVR standards are chosen as main knowledge resources because of their ability to... [to full text]

Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas – naujausių OMG (Object Management Group) veiklos taisyklių standartų tyrimas ir jų standartų taikymo, kuriant informacines sistemas, metodikos sudarymas bei jos eksperimentinis įvertinimas. Pagrindiniai darbe keliami uždaviniai yra: 1) Išnagrinėti veiklos taisyklių koncepciją ir jos taikymo principus. 2) Ištirti standartus, skirtus reikalavimų specifikavimo stadijai (akcentuojant SBVR ir PRR). 3) Apibrėžti pasirinktų standartų charakteringąsias savybes ir jų ryšius. 4) Sukurti pasirinktų standartų taikymo metodiką. 5) Ištirti pasiūlytos metodikos realizavimo galimybes. 6) Išbandyti metodiką pasirinktos dalykinės srities pagrindu. Iš OMG siūlomų standartų išskirti SBVR (Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules) ir PRR (Production Rule Representation), kurie aktualūs veiklos taisyklėms. Tyrimo metu apibrėžtos pasirinktų standartų charakteringosios savybės bei ištirtos jų susiejimo bei PRR išraiškų generavimo iš SBVR šablonų galimybės. Pagrindiniai darbo metu gauti moksliniai/taikomieji rezultatai yra: - Analitinis SBVR ir PRR standartų įvertinimas jų tarpusavio santykio atžvilgiu; - SBVR ir PRR panaudojimo IS kūrimo metu specifikuojant veiklos žodyną ir produkcines taisykles metodika, standartų sulietuvinimo galimybių analizė; - Sukurtąją metodiką palaikančių saugyklų struktūros apibrėžimas. - Atviro kodo įrankio SBeaVeR analizė bei jo modifikavimo rekomendacijos, siekiant jį pritaikyt darbe siūlomai metodikai. Nors veiklos taisyklių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of this paper is the analysis of the new OMG (Object Management Group) business rules standards, the creation of methodology for their application and its practical evaluation. The main tasks of the work are: 1. Analysis of business rules conception and application. 2. Analysis of the standards designed for requirement specification phase (emphasizing SBVR and PRR). 3. Definition of the main characteristics of the selected standards. 4. Creation of the standards application methodology. 5. Investigation of the implementation possibilities of the created methodology. 6. Practical evaluation of methodology. From the analyzed OMG standards two have been distinguished - SBVR (Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules) and PRR (Production Rule Representation), which are relevant to the production rules. The study defined the selected standards fundamental properties and investigated the binding of PRR and SBVR expressions and the options of the generation of templates. The main results of the work are: - Analytical evaluation of SBVR and PRR standards and their interaction; - The methodology of SBVR and PRR application during the specification of the concept dictionary and production rules; - Definition of the repository structures for the developed methodology; - The analysis of the open-source tool SBeaVeR and the recommendations for its modification to fit the created methodology; The application of business rules approach for the creation of IS is very... [to full text]

Companies today are required more and more to interconnect their information systems with partners and suppliers in order to be competitive in a global marketplace. A problem of how to compare a security policy between two different companies when they need to agree upon a single security policy has been raised. Can a comparison of two access control policies made through Semantic of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules (SBVR) be more appropriate than the traditional way of intuitively comparing two information security policies? In this research, a case study has been conducted along with the questionnaires as a data collection approach. In the case study, a calculation for a degree of policy statement similarity of Company A’s and Company B has been done. Both calculations were based on the questionnaire results of the Company A and Company B in form of SBVR and traditional policy statements separately. This research has revealed that SBVR applied policy is more appropriate for comparing two company policies than a traditional written policy. By applying SBVR to the policy statements, Company A and Company B had their policy in the same structure, which is in the SBVR format. They could get a very clear similar part of the policy statements (70% calculated by the results of the second questionnaire in this case study) agreed by both companies.

Orientador: Manuel de Jesus Mendes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T10:49:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kamada_Aqueo_D.pdf: 3886405 bytes, checksum: 8e4f2791cf72214eac7fe3d18c8bc794 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: No atual mundo globalizado, com interações fortemente baseadas na Web, as relações entre pessoas, empresas e aos orgãos de governo estão sujeitas a mudanças cada vez mais rápidas. Esse cenário torna ainda mais crítico o já antigo problema de manutenção de sistemas, uma vez que as atualizações precisam ser realizadas para contemplar novos modelos de negócio, no contexto destas mudanças rápidas. Esta situação justifica a necessidade de uma abordagem que consiga capturar as mudanças nos negóios e rapidamente implementá-las nos sistemas computacionais. Considera-se que existem porções da lógica de negócio que são bastante voláteis e suscetíveis às mudanças e outras porções que são bastante estáveis e muito pouco suscetíveis às mudanças. Neste contexto, propõe-se um modelo para desenvolvimento rápido e execussão de serviços, baseado em regras de negócio. Neste modelo as porções voláteis são externalizadas como regras de negócio e as porções estáveis como serviços. A prova de conceito desta abordagem traduz regras modeladas em linguagem natural para regras no modelo da máquina de regras instanciada, que invoca os serviços / Abstract: In the current globalized world, characterized by strong Web based interactions, relationships between people, companies and government organizations are subject to changes that occur faster and faster. This scenario makes the old problem of system maintenance even more critical, as the updating of these systems needs to contemplate new business models in the context of these fast changes. This situation justifies the need for an approach that can capture business changes and quickly implement them into computational systems. It is considered that some business logic portions are quite volatile and susceptible to the changes and other portions are quite stable and less susceptible to the changes. In this context, a model for fast development and execution of services based on business rules is proposed. In this model the volatile portions are externalized as business rules and the stable portions as services. The proof of concept of this approach translates rules which are modeled in a natural language to rules in the model of the instantiated rule engine that invokes the services / Doutorado / Engenharia de Computação / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

Notre thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre des langages contrôlés pour le génie logiciel. Elle a pour but de faciliter l’adoption de l’approche par règles métier (ARM) par les entreprises en créant un langage contrôlé en vue d’aider à la spécification des règles métier par les experts métier. Notre solution va permettre de réduire la distance sémantique entre les experts métier et les experts système afin de répondre non seulement au besoin d’intercompréhension entre ces derniers mais aussi pour réaliser un transfert automatique de la description des règles métier vers les systèmes d’information (SI). Ce langage contrôlé que nous avons créé permettra d’assurer en plus la consistance et la traçabilité de ces règles avec leur implantation / Our thesis focuses on controlled natural languages (CNL) for software engineering. It aims at facilitating the adoption of the business rule approach (BRA) by companies by creating a CNL in order to help business experts in the specification of their business rules. Our solution will allow reducing the semantic gap between business experts and system experts to meet not only the need for mutual understanding between them but also to achieve an automatic transfer of the description of business rules to information systems (IS). The CNL that we have created will also ensure the consistency and the traceability of these rules together with their implementation

Diplomová práce se zabývá problematikou návrhu vysokoúrovňového jazyka pro popis grafického uživatelského rozhraní. Teoretická část rozebírá současné technologie uživatelských rozhraní zejména pro stanovení požadavků na nový jazyk. Z těchto poznatků násladně jsou shrnuty zásadní požadavky, které se nutně musí zakomponovat při návrhu samotného jazyka. Jsou zde zmíněny i požadavky z pohledu osob se specifickými vzdělávacími potřebami dle tzv. návrhových principů \textit{počítačové terapie}. Následně práce dle analyzovaných požadavků navrhuje jazyk pro vysokoúrovňový popis uživatelského rozraní. Součástí návrhu jazyka je také popis algoritmu pro kompozici jednotlivých komponent definovaných v jazyce do výsledného uživatelského prostředí. Navržený jazyk je implementován v programovacím jazyce C\#. Implementace je demonstrována na reprezentativních příkladech. Nakonec se práce věnuje dalším možným rozšířením jazyka.