近年來環保意識興起，越來越多國家、政府開始重視環境保護，隨著越來越多相關環保法令規章的通過，企業不得不將環保因素納入企業營運考量。考量到環保因素許多的原料不能再使用，有些原料則是必須回收後再使用來達到環境保護，所以企業不能再獨善其身，企業必須負責將自己售出的產品回收再處理，因此逆向物流(reverse logistics)漸漸地受企業重視。近幾年來越來越多學者投入逆向物流相關議題的研究，但大部份都是針對某單一供應鏈管理策略做探討，例如：楊昭峯(2002),”製造策略對逆向供應鏈績效之影響”。張嘉恆、蘇純繪、林君維(2005),”綠色供應鏈模擬存貨採購策略之研究”。郭文清(2004),”逆向供應鏈製造策略之探討”。本次的研究便是探討比較全面性的供應鏈策略組合造成的影響，希望找出在逆向物流下這些供應鏈管理策略組合對成本之影響？研究目的有二點： 一、 逆向物流下不同策略組合對成本的影響度。 二、 建議企業在哪種逆向物流環境下該採用何種策略組合。 本次的研究方法主要是透過模擬的方式來達成，藉由模擬的方式得知各種供應鏈管理策略組合對成本所造成的影響，而主要的策略架構於供應鏈協會(Supply Chain Council, SCC)所發展的SCOR Model，SCOR Model提供了供應鏈管理中的參考流程如Source(採購)、Make(製造)、Deliver(配送)、Return(回收)，這次研究的策略主要分成這四大區塊，再探討相關策略文獻應用於本研究。決定了相關策略後，再建立成本項目用來評估每一種組合所產生的影響，最後建立實驗模型與流程進行模擬實驗。 關鍵字﹕逆向物流、供應鏈管理、策略組合

ITC/USA 2013 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Ninth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 21-24, 2013 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV / The flight test mission services need higher data rates due to increased system complexity and the need for more accurate, higher rate, and better data acquisition. The existing L or S band frequency spectrum allocation was a limiting factor to meet this increased data rate requirement. The World Radio-communication Conference (WRC 2007) attributed new additional frequency spectrum allocations in the C band for Aeronautical Mobile Telemetry (AMT). The international flight test community has taken this opportunity to immediately take advantage of the new C-band range 5091-5250MHz. This paper presents the multi-band feed product designed by the RF & Antenna Laboratory of ZODIAC DATA SYSTEMS company. This feed is foreseen to be used in prime focus configuration on any diameter parabola dish providing telemetry and tracking channels in three L, S, and C bands. Here, are described the concept and the technology achieved taking into consideration the performance and industrial constraints. Moreover, this contribution focuses on the electromagnetic simulations of radiating elements, the feed network and RF system integration. This paper is structured as follows: firstly, the objectives and the motivation for developing a prime focus feed which works in L, S, C bands are presented. In particular, the market constraints and approach to find the best solution satisfying the feed RF requirements, and mechanical constraints, such as weight, size and cost, are discussed. The second section describes the 5 step development cycle: principle and technology, design of the telemetry channels and tracking function, cohabitation of the different radiating elements, and problems of the channels isolations. The third section discusses the performance achieved using electromagnetic simulations. The fourth section talks about the integration of RF system feed. The paper concludes by discussing future work using the same concept that is applied to other telecommunication or telemetry frequency bands.

Background: Companies of today commonly search to gain competitive advantages throughout different forms of co-operation, one of which is referred to as Supply Chain Management. Although little research has been assigned to the topic of how to manage and control this type of relation, lately a growing number of academics has been arguing that ABC is an appropriate mean of controlling this type of relationships. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate to what degree the ongoing debate on the use of ABC as a mean of control within SCM correspond to the present theories related to ABC and SCM respectively. Research method: The thesis takes it’s starting point within the literature, meaning that the empirical information consists of published articles in the ongoing debate. This information is put in relation to the original theories concerning both topics. Conclusions: The results shown in the thesis in some content agrees with the ongoing debate referring to the positive aspects that could result from using ABC as a mean of control within SCM. However the main result of the study is the discovery of a lack of discussion concerning the problems that implementing ABC within SCM might implicate, a fact that we believe contributes to the mainly positive view on using ABC within Supply Chain Management. / Bakgrund Företag av idag ingår i allt större utsträckning i någon form av samarbete för att på så vis skapa sig konkurrensfördelar på marknaden, en av dessa samarbetsformer går under beteckningen Supply Chain Management. Hur styrningen i denna typ av relation bör se ut är ett relativt outforskat ämne, dock finns det i dagens forskningsdebatt flera forskare som förespråkar ABC-kalkylering som ett lämpligt styrinstrument för denna typ av relationer. Syfte Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur väl den pågående forskningsdebatten gällande användandet av ABC som styrverktyg inom SCM överensstämmer med befintlig teoribildning inom de respektive forskningsområdena. Genomförande Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i litteraturen, med detta avses att den empiri som studeras består av publicerade artiklar i den aktuella debatten. Informationen ställs sedan i relation till den existerande teoribildningen inom ABC respektive SCM. Slutsats De resultat som framkommer ur studien visar på att den aktuella debatten i vissa avseenden har rätt i de positiva effekter ett ABC-system skulle kunna generera inom SCM. Men vad studien huvudsakligen kommer fram till är att det i forskningsdebatten saknas en ordentlig problematisering av ämnet, vilket enligt oss också förklarar den övervägande positiva syn som föreligger till användandet av ABC inom SCM.

The past years in Lithuanian business surroundings witnessed an explosion in the awareness and use of management tools and techniques. Supplemented by the effects of the superfluity of information, rapid development of IT, continuously increasing expectation from the interested parties, rational selection of the most efficient strategy oriented management tools became one of the important challenges faced by the executives nowadays. In order to put a foundation for the solution of this complex problem in the future, the author purposely narrowed the focus of a master’s thesis concentrating on the sub-problem related to non-existence of any research-based knowledge on the current management tools’ usage peculiarities in Lithuania. The goal of this research paper is to define the current situation in Lithuania regarding the spread, use and satisfaction rate with the strategy oriented management tools benchmarking results with the global trends. This study has also a clearly defined pragmatic objective – to provide the practical guidelines for the executives of various organizations in their management tools’ selection considerations. To achieve this, the author pursued 4 key objectives. The overview of scholarly literature and other secondary sources of information enabled gathering, analyzing and systemizing the main findings related to the strategy oriented management tools: illustration of a variety of more than 70 management tools, exploration of their application... [to full text]

Gesellschaftliche Verantwortung (CSR) nimmt für Unternehmen bedingt durch steigenden Druck seitens verschiedener Stakeholder sowie veränderte gesellschaftliche Erwartungshaltungen und politische Rahmenbedingungen eine immer bedeutenderer Rolle im gesamten Wertschöpfungsprozess ein. CSR geht über die Unternehmensgrenzen hinaus und umfasst die mit dem eigenen Unternehmen verbundenen Leistungsersteller. Die Einkaufsfunktion übernimmt mit einem hohen Anteil am Wertschöpfungsprozess die wichtige Aufgabe, Leistungserstellung bei dritten Unternehmen (Lieferanten) einzukaufen. Häufig sind dies Lieferanten in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern mit teilweise stark abweichenden Produktionsbedingungen. Um fehlende Gesetze und nicht zertifizierbare Standards zu kompensieren, sind insbesondere große Unternehmen dazu angehalten, ihre Lieferantenbasis hinsichtlich CSR-Kriterien zu überprüfen und ein regelkonformes Verhalten sicherzustellen. Die vorliegende Dissertation verfolgt die Idee, die Notwendigkeit einer Integration von CSR als Bewertungskriterium in bestehende Prozesse zu untersuchen, um geeignete Lieferanten für eine strategische Beziehung bewerten zu können. Hierfür wird zunächst anhand von Experteninterviews die praxisorientierte Messmethode „CSR-IndexSA“ auf Basis einer Selbstauskunft entwickelt. Eine Überprüfung auf Reliabilität dieser Messmethode erfolgt mittels einer empirischen Erhebung bei einer hohen Anzahl von Zulieferunternehmen. Eine umfangreiche statistische Analyse bestehender Bewertungskriterien und -prozesse mit der erhobenen CSR-Performance dieser Lieferanten zeigt als Ergebnis eine notwendige eigenständige Integration von CSR als Bewertungskriterium mit einer nur geringen Auswirkung auf bestehende Prozesse. Anhand der empirischen Erhebung konnten desweiteren CSR-Risikofaktoren, wie Unternehmensgröße und Region bestätigt werden. Die Erkenntnisse der Untersuchung zeigen zudem, dass jene Lieferanten mehr Wert auf eine strategische Kunden-/ Lieferantenbeziehung legen, die auch eine hohe CSR-Performance aufweisen. Neben der Überprüfung und Sicherstellung von CSR rückt vermehrt die Information, Schulung und Weiterbildung zu CSR insbesondere von SMEs als Aufgabe für große Unternehmen in den Mittelpunkt. / Based on increased pressure on the part of different stakeholders, changed expectations on social issues as well as political frameworks, corporate social responsibility (CSR) gains more importance within the whole process of value add. Social responsibility extends the limits of the focal enterprise and includes the whole supply chain. The purchasing function is responsible for the important task (within the value add process) to source goods and services from third parties, the suppliers. Often production partners in emerging countries follow different legal and social standards. In order to compensate missing legal requirements and standardized norms, large MNE need to regularly supervise their supply base and secure CSR by themselves. This doctoral thesis aims to investigate the necessity of the integration of CSR as evaluation criterion in existing processes, with the result to be able to evaluate suitable suppliers for strategic relationships. Therefore based on expert interviews the method „CSR-IndexSA“ is being developed. This CSR-IndexSA allows the suppliers’ evaluation with a self assessment. The method is being proved for its reliability and is being adopted in a large scale empirical study involving numerous suppliers. The broad statistical analysis of existing evaluation criteria and processes with the measured suppliers’ CSR performance shows the need of the integration of CSR as independent criterion within the supplier evaluation process. The effects on existing processes are proven to be minor. Those results point to further relations between the “classical” criteria for evaluation and various CSR dimensions (e.g. environmental management) and give advice for an improved supplier evaluation. Furthermore CSR risk factors such as company size or region can be identified through the empirical survey. Long-term partnerships mean an increasingly important success factor in customer supplier relationships. The survey’s results show also that those suppliers who value a strategic relationship as important also have a high rating regarding CSR performance.

[pt] A gestão da cadeia de suprimentos (Supply Chain Management - SCM) é um novo conceito de gerenciamento dos processos de negócios empresariais que extrapola os limites das companhias para incluir também seus principais clientes e fornecedores. Com esse conceito a integração e a troca da informação entre as empresas tornam-se cada vez mais importante para performace destas empresas e de suas cadeias de suprimentos. A consolidação da SCM em diferentes industrias tem-se desenvolvido com o auxílio de Sistemas de Informação (SI). Nesse contexto, a presente dissertação tem como objetivo mapear e analisar os principais processos de negócio da Castrol do Brasil (subsidiária de uma multinacional inglesa do segmento de petróleo, a British Petrolium) sob a perspectiva de seus Sistemas de Informação (SI) - tanto os sistemas limitados às fronteiras desta empresa, como também os sistemas responsáveis pela interface desta empresa com alguns dos membros mais importantes de sua cadeia de suprimento, focando, porém, na parte produtiva e nas operações logísticas (outbound). A partir deste estudo elabora-se uma crítica à SCM da Castrol do Brasil sob a perspectiva dos SI. / [en] The Supply Chain Management (SCM) is a new concept of enterprise business processes management that surpasses the limits of the companies to also include its main clients and suppliers. With this concept the integration and information exchange among companies has become more and more important for these companies performance and their supply chains systems. The SCM consolidation in different industries has been developed with the Information Systems (IS) assistance. In this context, the current dissertation aims to map and analyse the main businesses processes of Castrol do Brasil Ltda (which is a British multinational subsidiary of Petroleum segment - BP) under the perspective of its Information Systems (IS). The dissertation will consider either those systems limited to this company boundaries, as well as the systems responsible for this company`s interface with some of its most important supply chain members, focusing, however, on productive part and logistic operations (outbound). From this study, a critic can be elaborated to Castrol do Brasil Ltda SCM, under IS perspective.

Logistics and Supply Chain Management are known in a professional public awareness more and more as activities which give a competitive advantage to companies which handle it well. The main objective of my diploma was to create a coprehensive guideline for logistics projects. This guideline shows the way how to manager logistics and supply chain management projects. In the theoretical part, I tried to cover the main areas of logistics and supply chain management in conjunction with the project management.The aim of my analysis was to apply the logistics guideline in a specific project for Jednota, spotřebitelské družstvo Ceske Budejovice, from the perspective of consultancy firm which was responsible for the solution of this project.

This thesis offers an overview of essential trends in the field of enterprise information systems. It analyses trends in separate parts of information system, as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Supply Chain Management (SCM), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and Business Intelligence (BI). Then it follows trends like cloud computing, virtualisation, enterprise mobility and Web 2.0.

The thesis is focused on SCM and information support for supply chain managers with emphasis on modelling and simulation. The first main aim of the work is to verify the method for applicability in SCM problem solution. The second main aim is to analyse supply chains by means of modelling and simulation and find the most suitable supply chains for the area of The New economics. The third main aim is to analyse behaviour of supply chains under changing factors on which the supply chains are initially modelled. The output of this work is applicable in the theory, practice and education

Master thesis deals with the selection of a suitable information system for company ELKOV elektro a.s., which deals with the sale of electronic material and luminaries. A Suitable system is selected using rough and fine selection according per company's requirements. The thesis also contains timetable for implementation and economic evaluation.