Allt fler socialarbetare väljer idag att åka ut i världen för att arbeta med olika projekt. Det internationella perspektivet är av stor relevans för socialt arbete då globaliseringen av världen gör länder allt mer beroende av varandra och sociala problem kräver internationella lösningar. Kunskaper om hur man arbetar med sociala problem på en strukturell nivå är mycket viktigt inom det internationella fältet för att uppnå hållbara förändringar. Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att bidra med en förståelse för hur socialarbetare arbetar med förändring utifrån ett strukturellt perspektiv inom socialt arbete i utvecklingsländer. Det vi frågat oss är vilka möjligheter som finns, vilka utmaningar och hinder som kan uppstå samt vilka metoder och kunskaper som är viktiga vid socialt förändringsarbete i utvecklingsländer då man arbetar utifrån ett strukturellt perspektiv. För att svara på uppsatsens syfte och frågeställningar har vi valt att genomföra fem kvalitativa intervjuer med socialarbetare med erfarenhet av strukturellt socialt arbete i utvecklingsländer. Intervjumaterialet har bearbetats och analyserats utifrån: Teorier kring Social Mobilisering, Systemteori och Maktteorier samt utifrån tidigare forskning. Intervjumaterialet visar på att det finns stora möjligheter att uppnå förändring på strukturell nivå men att det kan uppstå utmaningar och hinder på vägen. Makt och hierarkier är exempel på sådana hinder. Viktiga metoder för att öka dessa möjligheter är exempelvis att arbeta på flera nivåer i samhället och att arbeta tillsammans med de människor som hjälpen åsyftar. Kunskaper om helhetsperspektiv som inkluderar individ, grupp och samhälle är av betydande vikt för socialarbetaren i det strukturella förändringsarbetet i utvecklingsländer och vikten av att vara lyhörd, respektfull och ödmjuk lyfts fram.

Cette thèse interroge les effets de l’intégration de l’impératif participatif dans les organismes HLM à partir de trois terrains de recherche complémentaires : les discours des dirigeants du « Mouvement HLM », les dispositifs de « concertation locative » et les actions de « développement social ». Nous mettons tout d’abord en évidence la manière dont les dispositifs participatifs viennent accompagner le tournant néolibéral de l’action publique à partir de la fin des années 1970 et montrons ce faisant l’ancienneté de la coexistence entre deux formes de participation - la première mettant l’accent sur l’évaluation du service rendu et la seconde sur l’accompagnement social des locataires. Le regard est ensuite porté sur les pratiques actuelles des organismes HLM, étudiées à partir d’une enquête menée au sein d’un organisme HLM dans le cadre d’une convention industrielle de formation par la recherche (CIFRE). En caractérisant les attendus attachés aux dispositifs, les conditions de leur mise en en œuvre et leurs effets sur le système d’acteurs, la démonstration met en lumière le sens donné à la participation dans le milieu HLM, caractérisé par la coexistence de logiques patrimoniale, entrepreneuriale et sociale. Ce faisant, elle enrichit la compréhension des logiques qui président à la formalisation et à la diffusion de dispositifs participatifs dans les sociétés contemporaines d’une part, de leurs effets sur les pratiques professionnelles et les relations entre institutions et individus d’autre part. Cette thèse entend ainsi contribuer à l’analyse des transformations systémiques produites par l’intégration de la participation dans les structures sociales. / This thesis examines the effects of the integration of the participatory imperative in social housing organizations. It is grounded in three complementary fieldworks: "Mouvement HLM"’s speeches, the "rental consultation" settings and "social development"’s actions. This work first demonstrates how participatory mechanisms support the neoliberal turn in public action that started in the late 1970s. In so doing, it shows the historical coexistence between two forms of participation. The first form emphasizes on the evaluation of service delivery. The second insists on social assistance for tenants. The analysis then focuses on social housing organizations’ contemporary practices and is based on a survey conducted in a social housing organization under an Industrial Research Training Convention (CIFRE). Looking at the participatory settings’ expected outcomes, their implementation’s prerequisites and their effects on the system of actors, the demonstration highlights the meaning of "participation" in social housing organizations which are characterized by the coexistence of patrimonial, entrepreneurial and social logics. On the one hand, this thesis broadens the understanding of the logics that govern the formalization and the propagation of participatory settings in contemporary society. On the other hand, it deepens the comprehension of participatory setting’s effects on professional practices and relationships between individuals and institutions. Therefore, this thesis aims to contribute to the analysis of systemic transformations produced by the integration of participation in social structures.

Orientador: Neide Aparecida de Souza Lehfeld / Banca: Edilson Carlos Caritá / Banca: Sebastião Geraldo / Banca: Mário José Filho / Banca: Cirlene Aparecida Hilário da Silva Oliveira / Resumo: O presente estudo apresenta as idéias que conduziram a pesquisa realizada no entre os anos 2007 e 2010, no município de Corumbataí do Sul, no Paraná, junto aos associados da Associação dos Produtores Rurais de Corumbataí do Sul - APROCOR. O intuito de discutir políticas públicas, oportunidades e limites voltados ao fortalecimento do associativismo nesse município, por meio de um conjunto de iniciativas para o enfrentamento das diferenças e para a promoção do desenvolvimento local, só foi possível pela identificação da APROCOR como espaço associativo de desenvolvimento da economia solidária e como alternativa viável de desenvolvimento social. A identificação de medidas e características desse sistema de economia solidária pode contribuir para que o meio rural se torne um processo de desenvolvimento local e social, além de identificar a construção de vínculos sociais para formação de identidade coletiva (construção da cidadania; organização e participação social). Com base nestes objetivos, levantaram-se os dados que deram subsídios à investigação, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, observação direta e entrevistas semiestruturadas. As entrevistas efetuadas com associados (produtores), diretores (gestores) da APROCOR, comunidade e dirigentes públicos indicaram que encontrar alternativas de desenvolvimento e torná-las instrumentos viáveis são medidas importantes que poderão representar vantagens competitivas para o desenvolvimento social local e regional / Abstract: This study presents the ideas that led to the research accomplished between the years 2007 and 2010 in the municipality of Corumbataí do Sul in Parana, along to the members of Rural Producers Association of Corumbataí do Sul - APROCOR. The purpose of discussing public policy, opportunities and limits turned to the strengthening of the associations in this municipality, by mean of a set of initiatives to confront the differences and to promote the local development, it was only possible by the recognition of APROCOR as associative space of development in solidarity economy and as an alternative viable social development; by identifying the measures and characteristics of this solidary economy system contributing, in order to the rural areas become a process of local and social development. Identify the construction of social bonds for the formation of collective identity (citizenship construction, organization and social participation). Based on these goals, rose up the data that contributed to the research, by means of bibliographic research, direct observation and semi-structured interviews. The interviews conducted with members (Producers), directors (managers) of APROCOR, community and public leaders indicated that finding alternative of development and make them instruments viable are important measures that could represent a competitive advantage for local, social development and regional / Resumen: El presente trabajo presenta ideas que llevaron a la pesquisa realizada entre los años 2007 y 2010, en el municipio de Corumbataí do Sul, en Paraná, junto a los asociados de la Asociación de los Productores Rurales de Corumbataí do Sul - APROCOR. El intuito de discutir políticas públicas, oportunidades e límites hacia el fortalecimiento del asociativismo en el municipio, por medio de un conjunto de iniciativas para enfrentar las diferencias y para promover el desarrollo local, solo fue posible con el reconocimiento de la APROCOR como espacio asociativo de desarrollo de la economía solidaria y como alternativa viable del desarrollo social. La identificación de medidas y características de este sistema de economía solidaria pude contribuir para que el medio rural se torne un proceso de desarrollo local y social, además identificar la construcción de lazos sociales para la formación de la identidad colectiva (construcción de la ciudadanía, organización y participación social). Con base en estos objetivos, se levantaran datos que darán subsidios a la investigación, por encuestas efectuadas con asociados (productores), directores (gestores) de la APROCOR, comunidad y dirigentes públicos indicaron que encontrar alternativas de desarrollo y hacer-las instrumentos viables son medidas importantes que podrán representar ventajas competitivas para el desarrollo social local y regional / Doutor

Submitted by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2016-07-01T20:14:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Brandão, Wilton Neves.pdf: 2023905 bytes, checksum: 1ee37e5037c416cd4f45d475d5b3d8cc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima (tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2016-07-05T20:22:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Brandão, Wilton Neves.pdf: 2023905 bytes, checksum: 1ee37e5037c416cd4f45d475d5b3d8cc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-05T20:22:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Brandão, Wilton Neves.pdf: 2023905 bytes, checksum: 1ee37e5037c416cd4f45d475d5b3d8cc (MD5) / A valorização do conhecimento no mundo contemporâneo tem exigido cada vez mais dos governos a adoção de estratégias para aprimorar e potencializar os investimentos em ações de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação. Como fato relevante a se considerar no processo de construção dessa política pública no Brasil, cita-se o ingresso na agenda atual de CT&I de temas como redução das desigualdades, inclusão social e desenvolvimento social, revelando uma inovação política. O presente estudo se propôs a analisar o processo de implantação e os resultados do Programa de Apoio às Tecnologias Sociais e Ambientais em uma Instituição Pública de Fomento à Ciência e Tecnologia, a Fapesb – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia. Para isso, buscou-se descrever as especificidades dos Editais e ações implementadas pelo Programa, os projetos apoiados, as áreas de conhecimento e as instituição contempladas, bem como os recursos aportados no Programa. A estratégia metodológica adotada, portanto, foi a do estudo de caso único, em reconhecimento ao seu pioneirismo na adoção de uma política pública de fomento de tecnologias sociais em nível estadual no País. Foram utilizadas técnicas de coletas de dados de fontes primárias, a exemplo da observação direta e participante do gestor e relator do caso, e de fonte secundária, mediante análise documental e de relatórios internos gerados pela organização, bem como com a pesquisa bibliográfica em livros, artigos e legislação específica. O recorte temporal da pesquisa compreendeu o período da criação da Coordenação de Apoio às Tecnologias Sociais e Ambientais – CTSA – e da implementação do programa, de 2007 até o ano de 2013. Procedeu-se ao levantamento de todas as ações executadas no período, ano a ano, englobando todas as ações e os Editais lançados em cada ano, com os seus respectivos objetivos e resultados. Os resultados foram analisados descritiva e analiticamente, sendo também apontados os limites e desafios de um programa desta natureza. O estudo de caso oferece insumos para aperfeiçoamento do Programa de Apoio às Tecnologias Sociais e diretrizes para consolidação de Políticas Públicas de fomento às Tecnologias Sociais no âmbito do estado. / Nowadays the valorization of the knowledge all over the world has demanded of the governments some strategies in order to implement investments in actions of Science, Technology and Innovation in order to reduce inequalities, help the social inclusion and social development through of an innovation politics which is the implementation of public policies in Brazil. Such a study intends to analyse the results of program of help to social technologies and surrounding at FAPESB- Public Foundation for research of the State of Bahia, therefore, the actions implemented by the program, its projects as well as the knowledge areas. The methodology strategy is the case study through data collect, direct observation, documents analysis, bibliography research in books, articles and specific legislation due to the public policy for social technologies in Brazil. The research time has been comprehended by creation of coordination of help for social technologies and surrounding and the implementation of the program from 2007 to 2013 through all actions every year with its goals and results. Such results have been analysed with the limits and challenges of a program like that. The case study has offered everything to improve the program of help for social technologies in order to implement public policies for social technologies in State.

The research study was determined by the fact that child development is important and that teachers/caregivers must acknowledge every child's level of development, age, individuality, social and cultural background when planning a program. Children are complex beings and therefore the literature study focused on pre-schooler, three to five years, child development during this stage and domains and principles of development. Semi-structured interviews were based on literature study and used to guide the interviews. After analyzing the data themes and sub-themes was identified and verified with literature. The teachers/caregivers were able to share knowledge, experiences, needs and concerns. To conclude recommendations were made to help teacher/caregivers to plan how to include child development in their daily program. / Social Work / M.Diac (Play Therapy)

The study contributed to preschool education by highlighting the attitudes and perceptions of parents and preschool teachers and practitioners concerning preschool education in general, and the teaching of thinking skills in particular. Furthermore, information with regard to developing guidelines for a preschool learning programme to assist unqualified and underqualified preschool practitioners in predominantly rural areas was generated. The literature study revealed that all areas of development, that is, cognitive, physical, social, moral and emotional are interrelated. Therefore, development in cognition is influenced by, and influences the other areas. Cognitive development in particular, is most rapid during the preschool years and should be stimulated at this stage. A qualitative study was undertaken to determine the attitudes and perceptions of preschool teachers/practitioners and parents with regard to preschool education in general, and the teaching of thinking skills to enhance cognitive development in particular. Four preschools in Region 3 of the Northern Province were observed to investigate the teaching of thinking skills and also the learning programmes used in these institutions. The findings from the literature and research studies led to the following conclusions: * Parents are uninformed concerning their role in stimulating the cognitive development of their children. * Preschool education is regarded as being very important for children. * There are no prescribed learning programmes or explicitly stated guidelines underlying preschool education. * Thinking skills are taught to a greater or lesser extent in preschools, although the intentional mediation is missing. *The training of preschool practitioners is a neglected area. In view of the conclusions, the following recommendations were made: * Underqualified and unqualified preschool practitioners should receive training. * Partnership between parents and preschool practitioners should be encouraged to ensure continuity between the home and the preschool. * Parents' support programmes should be developed to empower them as their children's most significant mediators. * Thinking skills should be infused in preschool learning programmes and activities. * Remote, rural areas should be supported by the goverment and NGOs with the provision of preschool education. * Prescribed guidelines and learning programmes should be developed to assist unqualified and underqualified practitioners in rural and disadvantaged areas in the Northern Province. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

Critical studies and creative works in the Sesotho novel have made some of the important contributions in Sesotho literary history in particular, and African literary history in general. However, such contribution has been dictated by a particular history and an ideology. The world-view in literary practice that emerged from that history is the one that tends to divorce literature, literary study and language from society. Consequently, this study identifies this practice as a problem that needs to be addressed. This study argues from this perspective that literature, literary study and language should be re-established as integral parts in a manner that pedagogical practice would translate into positive social practices. To realise this ideal the study approaches the study of the Sesotho novel from the perspective of literary production. The theory of literary production insists that literature is a form of social production. This argument becomes even more pertinent to the study of the novel, which is viewed as having profound elements of realism that mirror society. A consideration of the Sesotho novel as a form of literary production that is linked to other forms of social production immediately leads to the question of the development of the Sesotho novel. The possibilities that are identified include external influence and internal evolution in the development of the Sesotho novel. These possibilities also have a bearing on the study of the Sesotho novel in particular and the study of the African novel in general. In order to pursue the argument to its logical conclusion, the development of the Sesotho novel is divided into three periods: 1900-1930; 1930-1960 and the 1960s- 1990s. Each of these periods demonstrates a particular ideological leaning that is akin to the material conditions of each period. Taking this trend as a pattern in the development of the Sesotho novel, this study advocates an approach that links literature and literary studies to society. / African Languages / D.Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

This thesis deals with the personality and social development of the child, focusing on interpersonal relationships. The theoretical part describes the environment, methods, games and forms that are important in education. The practical part includes creative drama lessons that were created on the basic of theoretical knowledge. The project aims to strengthen personal and social development of children and identify changes in human relations school center, including questionnaires and observation. The thesis is to verify each part of the project in practice. The youth center, as facilities for children?s leisure time, the development of personality to social conditions and education to prepare the to implement the various project tasks.

Submitted by Lafaiete Santos Santiago (lafaiete.santiago@ucsal.br) on 2016-11-23T14:16:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARDOSO_M_F_2009.pdf: 6483232 bytes, checksum: 5c06e57e842e852f41914fe4b4e6b1d9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2017-01-14T17:28:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CARDOSO_M_F_2009.pdf: 6483232 bytes, checksum: 5c06e57e842e852f41914fe4b4e6b1d9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-14T17:28:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Maria.pdf: 6483232 bytes, checksum: 5c06e57e842e852f41914fe4b4e6b1d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-30 / As intervenções em áreas urbanas degradadas, nas grandes Metrópoles, têm sido objeto de inúmeros estudos e discussões. Buscase, por meio delas, encontrar formas de reduzir os quadros de degradação física e social representados pelas favelas. Nas intervenções voltadas para a recuperação das áreas ocupadas informalmente, têmse praticado diversas estratégias de promoção social através de ações integradas. Algumas experiências vêm sendo destacadas no cenário nacional, e uma delas é o Programa Ribeira Azul, implementado pelo Governo do Estado da Bahia, na cidade de Salvador, em parceria com outros organismos nacionais e internacionais. Esta dissertação descreve esse Programa integrado, implementado na capital baiana, onde está localizada uma das piores formas de moradia, representada pelas palafitas. O trabalho mostrará também que as dificuldades de acesso à infra estrutura e aos serviços sociais básicos não enfraqueceram os moradores, que, com determinação, fortaleceram os seus vínculos organizativos, desenvolveram formas de minimizar os principais problemas cotidianos e vêm desenvolvendo, juntamente com o poder público, projetos de intervenção para melhorar a qualidade de vida. Também serão apresentadas as experiências e as formas de parceria estabelecidas, que visam a fortalecer as organizações comunitárias e dar prosseguimento ao processo de desenvolvimento social da região. / The many interventions in urban areas in degradation in any large metropolis have been the object of a number of studies and discussions, by means of which it is aimed to find ways of reducing the condition of both social and physical degradation, represented by slums or shanty towns. By intervening to recover areas informally occupied, several strategies of social promotion through integrated actions have been put into practice. Some of those stand out nationally, such as "Programa Ribeira Azul", implemented by the State of Bahia in the city of Salvador, in partnership with domestic and foreign organisms. This thesis describes the integrated Programme in question in Salvador, where one of the worst and most degrading forms of dwelling persists: houses on stilts. This work also highlights the power of people from such areas to overcome the difficulties of access to infrastructure and basic social services, people who strengthened their organizational bonds so as to create ways of minimizing their everyday problems; together with the authorities in charge, they develop projects to improve their quality of life. The experiences throughout and the forms of partnership which fortified the community organizations, as well as the process of social development in the area, are also presented.

Submitted by Rômulo Aguiar (romulo.aguiar@ucsal.br) on 2018-05-04T19:45:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESEJACQUELINEJESUS.pdf: 3253726 bytes, checksum: 11d79bfe25a5931030fe2360ef0a7c52 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rosemary Magalhães (rosemary.magalhaes@ucsal.br) on 2018-05-04T19:56:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESEJACQUELINEJESUS.pdf: 3253726 bytes, checksum: 11d79bfe25a5931030fe2360ef0a7c52 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-04T19:56:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESEJACQUELINEJESUS.pdf: 3253726 bytes, checksum: 11d79bfe25a5931030fe2360ef0a7c52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-05 / Esta tese tem por objetivo avaliar o microcrédito na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS) no período compreendido entre 2010 e 2014. Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação a partir de dados coletados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA), Banco do Nordeste (BNB), Banco Central (BACEN), Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE), dentre outros. Através da análise de dados, mostrou-se que tanto a população quanto os empreendimentos da região metropolitana buscam cada vez mais pelo microcrédito e, que os microempreendimentos individuais, solidários ou não, são vistos como a saída para geração e complementação da renda familiar. A pesquisa realizada também revela que o microcrédito é uma atividade importante na economia baiana e brasileira, especialmente se comparada a outros países da América Latina. Mostra ainda que a ampliação da oferta do microcrédito é parte do modelo que tem por objetivo a gestão da pobreza e seus efeitos na sociedade, e que a oferta de serviços de microfinanças cresce fundamentada nas orientações caracterizadas por procedimentos de rentabilidade tipicamente financeiros. Os resultados revelam que, entre 2010 e 2014, houve desenvolvimento social na Região Metropolitana de Salvador, porém não foi possível associar as melhorias aos programas de microcrédito ofertados na região. / This thesis aims to evaluate microcredit in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador (RMS) in the period between 2010 and 2014. This paper presents an investigation based on data collected from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA), Banco do Nordeste (BNB), Banco Central (BACEN), Brazilian Service to Support Micro and Small Enterprises (SEBRAE), among others. Through the analysis of data, it was shown that both the population and the enterprises of the metropolitan region are increasingly seeking microcredit and that individual microenterprises are seen as the output for generation and complementation of family income. The research also reveals that microcredit is an important activity in the Bahia and Brazilian economy, especially when compared to other Latin American countries. It also shows that the expansion of the microcredit supply is part of the model that has the objective of managing poverty and its effects on society, and that the supply of microfinance services grows based on guidelines characterized by typically financial profitability procedures. The results show that, between 2010 and 2014, there was social development in the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, but it was not possible to associate the improvements to the microcredit programs offered in the region.