O espaço urbano é percebido de diferentes maneiras pelos atores que participam de sua produção. No modelo de produção capitalista o espaço tornou-se uma mercadoria diferenciada, com alto grau de liquidez, propiciando elevados rendimentos àqueles que o possuem. Contudo, numa sociedade, cujo modelo prima pela diferenciação, nem todos pode usufruir do espaço de maneira igual. Em Boa Vista, capital do Estado de Roraima, ao observarmos os diferentes espaços, percebemos que o processo de urbanização caracterizou-se por uma forte segregação sócio espacial, que impulsiona para as áreas menos propicias a ocupação parcela significativa da sociedade. Nesse trabalho, objetivamos compreender essa dinâmica de exclusão a partir da análise da atuação dos agentes que coordenam a produção do espaço urbano. É fundamental nesse processo percebermos o papel do Estado, como agente regulador do uso e ocupação do solo urbano, utilizando-se dos mecanismos legais que lhe estão disponíveis. Para tanto, amparamo-nos numa metodologia de pesquisa exploratória, utilizando-se de questionários para capturar os dados necessários para nossa análise, além da observação direta da paisagem. O recorte espacial proposto, a área de ocupação irregular Monte das Oliveiras, propiciou-nos um melhor entendimento da dinâmica de expansão urbana impulsionada pela segregação, condicionando homem e meio a impactos, muitas vezes, irreversíveis. É nessa perspectiva que, por fim, apresentamos, após uma criteriosa análise dos dados obtidos, algumas considerações sobre o processo de produção do espaço urbano de Boa Vista-RR, destacando a influencia da especulação imobiliária, o papel do Estado e da sociedade. / The urban space has been seen of different ways by the actors that have participate in its production. In the model of capitalist production space has become a commodity differentiated, with a high degree of liquidity, providing high income to those who possess it. However, in a society whose material model for differentiation, not everyone can enjoy the space equally. In Boa Vista, Roraima State capital, we observe the different spaces, to find that the urbanization process was characterized by a strong socio-spatial segregation, which impels it to areas less conducive to occupation significant portion of society. In this study, we aimed to understand the dynamics of exclusion from the analysis of the activities of agents who coordinate the production of urban space. It is vital to this process to realize the state's role as a regulator of the use and occupation of urban land, using the legal mechanisms available to you. For that, we took on a methodology for exploratory research, using questionnaires to capture the necessary data for our analysis beyond the direct observation of the landscape. The spatial area proposed, the area of irregular occupation Monte das Oliveiras, allowed us a better understanding of the dynamics of urban expansion driven by segregation, conditioning the middle man and impacts, often irreversible. In this perspective, finally, we present, after a careful data analysis, some considerations about the production process of urban areas of Boa Vista-RR, highlighting the influence of speculation office, the paper of state and society.

Submitted by Isaac Francisco de Souza Dias (isaac.souzadias@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-02T18:07:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Fábio Peixoto de Arruda.pdf: 5295110 bytes, checksum: c8f31493d21b641b0ec933f0d37b6d6d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-02T18:07:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Fábio Peixoto de Arruda.pdf: 5295110 bytes, checksum: c8f31493d21b641b0ec933f0d37b6d6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-26 / O presente trabalho busca estudar e analisar a dicotomia entre a especulação imobiliária e o ecologismo dos pobres no bairro do Pina. Logo, discute e localiza no espaço e no tempo o paradigma ambiental, destacando seu surgimento histórico e atribuindo tais elementos ao bairro do Pina. Aproximamos-nos da ordem complexo-pervesa do crescimento urbano e situamos a legislação ambiental brasileira. Como área de pesquisa optou-se, em particular as comunidades de baixa renda do Pina. Dessa forma, diligenciou-se levantar a trajetória histórica do bairro e relacionar especulação imobiliária e meio ambiente. Com isso, realizaram-se pesquisas empíricas e análise de dados secundários. A partir da análise dos dados, constatou-se a realidade do estado da questão, de modo que, ao final as particularidades territoriais relacionadas ao tema, foram evidenciadas, modificando e melhorando a visão de início. / This paper aims to study and analyze the dichotomy between real estate speculation and environmentalism of the poor in Pina district. However, it discusses and places in space and time the environmental paradigm, emphasizing its historical emergence and assigning such elements to Pina district. We approached of the complex-pervese order of urban growth and we situated Brazilian environmental legislation. It was chosen the Pina district as research area, specifically its low-income communities. Thus, it was endeavoured to survey historical trajectory of the district and relate real estate speculation and the environment. Therefore, it was carried out empirical research and analysis of secondary data. From data analysis, it was determined the reality of the state of the question, so that, at the end territorial features on the issue were evidenced, modifying and improving early vision.

Este trabalho visa a discutir aspectos centrais dos instrumentos derivativos, que têm ganhado importância crescente desde os anos 70, principalmente depois da crise do subprime em 2008. No Capítulo I, procura-se resgatar o debate sobre a natureza jurídica dos derivativos, tendo em vista sua função econômica. A partir deste ponto de partida, extraem-se conclusões práticas, como a não aplicabilidade das normas relativas à evicção, vícios redibitórios e teoria da imprevisão ou resolução por onerosidade excessiva. Ao fim, é proposta uma classificação dos derivativos. O objetivo do Capítulo II é destacar os principais aspectos da regulação dos derivativos. A partir da função econômica, legisladores e reguladores do mundo todo têm encontrado a necessidade de limitar a esfera de autonomia contratual, determinando o que pode ser negociado, de que forma e o modo como se deve dar a liquidação das obrigações. O Capítulo III visa a discutir os resultados da pesquisa de jurisprudência não enquadrados nos temas dos Capítulos I e II. Com isso, há maior transparência quanto aos resultados da pesquisa de jurisprudência e, ao mesmo tempo, discute-se possíveis pontos de atenção para a regulação. Por fim, o Apêndice descreve a metodologia utilizada na pesquisa de jurisprudência. / This paper aims to discuss key aspects of derivative instruments. Their importance has been increasing since the 70s, especially after the subprime crisis in 2008. Chapter I seeks to present the debate on the legal nature of the derivatives, highlighting its economic function. From this discussion, we found some practical conclusions, such as non-applicability of eviction, latent defects and rebus sic stantibus clause. In the end, we present a classification of derivatives. Chapter II highlights the main aspects of derivatives regulation. Due to their importance, legislators and regulators have been limiting contractual autonomy, determining what and in which way people can contract and settlement of obligations by clearinghouses or CCPs. Chapter III aims to discuss derivatives case law that have not fit the themes of Chapters I and II. It is a way of, at the same time, disclosing case law research findings and discussing possible improvements in regulation. Finally, the Appendix describes the methodology used in the case law research.

Essa pesquisa tem por objetivo verificar na obra de Sérgio SantAnna uma possível ruptura com a tradição literária que chegou ao seu tempo, a década de 1970. Observamos que nesse período havia uma forte tendência a uma literatura de reportagem, aos relatos de costumes, apontando diversas formas de violência na sociedade e as crises familiares. Essa é a literatura que chegou com a herança do Realismo, que exercia essas práticas na ficção, e, agora, na literatura contemporânea, podemos encontrá-las nos textos de Dalton Trevisan e José Louzeiro, por exemplo. Mas Sérgio SantAnna demonstra enveredar por outros caminhos, os das especulações. Ao invés de produzir essa literatura mais interessada no reflexo do social, com ação narrativa, SantAnna parte para os palcos interiores, realizando uma literatura mais cerebral, que questiona ainda, sim, os valores instituídos no social, mas o faz explorando estilos de escrita, flutuando pelos gêneros de discursos tornando-os literários, expondo as engrenagens do narrar. Com esse panorama, podemos pensar à luz de Nietzsche, filósofo que rompeu com a tradição filosófica que chegou ao seu tempo, e pensava a arte como forma de transvalorar os padrões estabelecidos, os valores estipulados, e via na arte uma nova possibilidade de estilo de vida. Assim, aprofundamos com Deleuze e Foucault o conceito nietzscheano de Vontade de Potência enquanto Arte, para estabelecermos um diálogo entre a literatura e a filosofia. Onde encontramos Sérgio SantAnna: um escritor conceitual. / This research aims to verify in Sérgio SantAnnas work a possible rupture with the literary tradition that reached his time, the 1970s. We note that in this period there was a strong tendency to a literature of reports and the accounts of customs, pointing out to various forms of violence in society and family crises. This is the literature that came with the legacy of Realism, which used to hold these practices in fiction, and now, we can find them in the contemporary literature, in the writings of Dalton Trevisan and José Louzeiro, for example. But Sergio SantAnna demonstrates to go toward other paths, the ones from speculation. Instead of producing this literature more interested in social reflex with narrative action, SantAnna proceeds to the inner stages creating a more cerebral literature that questions still, yes, the values established in the social, but he makes it exploring writing styles, hovering through genres of discourse making them literary, exposing the mechanism of the narrative. With this environment, we can think at light of Nietzsche, the philosopher who broke with the philosophical tradition that had arrived at his time, and considered art as a form of overvaluing the established standards, stipulated values, and perceived a new possibility of lifestyle in the art. Thus, we deepened the Nietzschean concept of the Will Power with Deleuze and Foucault as Art, to establish a dialogue between literature and philosophy. Where we find Sérgio SantAnna: a conceptual writer.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T17:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristiane_Bade.pdf: 4964600 bytes, checksum: 93c78610108ab1b51ed76e7977b8e9cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The study is to analyze the formation of urban space in the city of Marechal Cândido Rondon, during the period 1980 to 2008, questioning the practice of urban land speculation. To analyze the problem proposed, organized the essay into three chapters. In the first chapter we seek to understand the formation of political groups and real estate in the city, for we did a historical analysis of the colonization period addressed by the company Maripá. In the second chapter we emphasize urban land speculation, analyzing the political and business leaders. In this chapter, we analyze also the speculation in certain areas that remain "empty" in the city and in some cases we present photographs of these places. In the third chapter we study the urban land speculation in areas surrounding the Ecological Park Rodolfo Rieger, a public invest-ment projected for businessmen and politicians (investors). The sources of the study were oral sources, recording sessions of the City Hall (Minutes), news sources (newspaper O Presente and Radio Difusora do Paraná), documents that are part of the Administrative Procedure Min-isterial and bidding processes for the construction of the ecological park. With this study we tried to point out the relationships and links between speculators and the municipality in shap-ing society and the urban design of the city / O estudo consiste em analisar a formação do espaço urbano na cidade de Marechal Cândido Rondon, durante o período de 1980 a 2008, problematizando a prática da especulação do solo urbano. Para analisarmos a problemática proposta, organizamos a dissertação em três capítu-los. No primeiro capítulo buscamos compreender a formação dos grupos políticos e imobiliá-rios no município, para isso fizemos uma análise histórica do período da colonização dirigida pela empresa Maripá. Já no segundo capítulo damos ênfase à especulação do solo urbano, analisando as relações políticas e empresariais. Neste capítulo, também analisamos a especu-lação em determinadas áreas que permanecem vazias na cidade e, em alguns casos apresen-tamos fotografias desses locais. No terceiro capítulo estudamos a especulação do solo urbano nas áreas circundantes ao Parque Ecológico Rodolfo Rieger, um investimento público proje-tado por empresários e políticos (investidores). As fontes da pesquisa foram fontes orais, re-gistro das sessões da Câmara Municipal (Atas), fontes jornalísticas (jornal O Presente e Rádio Difusora do Paraná), documentos que fazem parte do Procedimento Administrativo Ministeri-al e processos licitatórios referentes à construção do parque ecológico. Com este estudo pro-curamos apontar as relações e vínculos existentes entre os especuladores e a municipalidade na formação da sociedade e do desenho urbano da cidade

The thesis deals with the analysis of the oil market with emphasis on the period from 2010 to May 2017. The aim of the thesis is to test the sensitivity of the oil price to the selected fundamental indicators and trading positions of the traders according to CFTC data. The work, in addition to the theoretical introduction, contains information on key fundamentals such as US oil production, the process of publishing reports on the state of oil stocks in the US, and the process of publishing reports on oil market traders' positions and subsequent data analysis. It confirmed that the price of oil correlates significantly with traders' positions, but the Granger test suggested that the change in the price of oil is causally affecting the position of traders and not vice versa.

La récente crise financière a mis en relief les failles d'un système financier international basé sur des opérations à haut degré de spéculation et une déconnexion entre l'économie réelle et l'économie financière. Elle a ainsi marqué l'avènement d'une ère nouvelle pour une finance éthique islamique. Visant principalement le bien-être de la société et le développement économique, la finance islamique consacre des principes de solidarité et de justice sociale. A ces fins, elle exige la licéité des secteurs de l'investissement, prohibe toute forme d'intérêt et d'incertitude excessive, favorise le partage des profits et des pertes entre les contractants et met aussi l'accent sur l'exigence de la tangibilité de l'actif financé. Sur la base de ces principes, elle adopte des montages contractuels de financement compatibles avec la charia, comme la moudaraba, moucharaka, ijara, mourabaha, etc. Toutefois, les piliers fondamentaux de cette finance ne lui sont pas proprement exclusifs. L'esprit général du droit français partage avec la finance islamique quelques principes et permet également de mettre en place des contrats de financement qui trouvent leurs correspondants dans la finance islamique. Ainsi, sans contredire la laïcité du droit français, la France peut ambitionner de devenir le « leader européen » de la finance islamique. Cette ambition se manifeste par un soutien fort de la part des autorités et par des aménagements dans son cadre juridique et fiscal. Notre étude démontre qu'il existe une concordance conceptuelle entre la finance islamique et la finance conventionnelle mais que leur mise en œuvre emprunte des voies différentes. L'accueil et la promotion de la finance islamique en France ne semblent pas impossibles mais peuvent évidemment se heurter à des obstacles en droit français et à des faiblesses en finance islamique. Certaines réformes sont souhaitables tant au niveau du droit français qu'au niveau de la finance islamique pour pouvoir s'adapter plus harmonieusement et améliorer le financement de l'économie mondiale. / The recent financial crisis has highlighted the fragilities of an international financial system based on operations with high-level of speculation and disconnect between the real and financial economy. It has then marked the approach of a new era of an ethical Islamic finance. Aiming primarily at the well-being of society and the economic development, Islamic finance embodies the principles of solidarity and social justice. For these purposes, it requires investing in the permissible sectors; prohibits any form of interest and excessive uncertainty; promotes the sharing of profit and loss between contracting parties and focuses on the tangibility of the financed assets. Based on these principles, it adopts sharia compliant financial mechanisms such as moudaraba, mousharaka, ijara, mourabaha, etc. However, such fundamental pillars are not strictly exclusive to the Islamic finance. The general spirit of the French law shares some principles with the Islamic finance and permits as well to implement financing agreements that have their correspondents therein. Thus, without prejudice to the secular nature of the French law, France can aspire to become the “European leader” of Islamic finance. This ambition is asserted through the strong support of the authorities and the amendments of its legal and fiscal framework. Our study shows that there is a conceptual similarity between Islamic finance and conventional finance but their implementation takes different paths. The introduction and the promotion of the Islamic finance in France do not seem to be impossible but may obviously face obstacles at the French level and weaknesses at the Islamic level. Some reforms are desirable in both the French law and the Islamic finance so that they can adapt more smoothly and improve the financing of the global economy.

Cette thèse parle de l'impact des comportements spéculatifs sur l'économie réelle. Les comportements spéculatifs peuvent avoir deux origines: les développements positifs de l'économie réelle et les perspectives économiques, les marchés financiers comme par exemple les marchés actions. Nous analyserons les deux origines. Par conséquent, nous allons mettre en ouvre des comportements réalistes dans un contexte évolutif en utilisant l’hétérogénéité grandissante, pour évaluer l'impact des comportements spéculatifs. En se basant sur la bulle dotcom, nous allons nous concentrer sur l'avancement technologique comme possible facteur de l'optimisme grandissant. Dans la première partie de cette thèse nous allons présenter les résultats obtenus via un modèle déterminé par des contraintes de financement, et utilisant les prix des actions. Nous allons nous concentrer sur 3 types de répercussions assez connues: l'information donnée par le marché de l'action en vue de déterminer la solvabilité, la valeur de marché du titre en vue de déterminer la probabilité de banqueroute, et la partie de la rémunération du management qui est adossée sur la performance. La seconde partie de la thèse parlera les contraintes de financement dans un cadre évolutif et soulignera les déterminants de l'offre de crédit qui impactent la fréquence des innovations. Ces déterminants sont basés sur les données de marché et concernent des aspects comportementaux. La troisième partie fournit en détail le comportement des banques et de deux secteurs industriels qui se battent pour le crédit. La troisième partie est donc un approfondissement de la seconde. / This dissertation deals with the impact of speculative behaviour on output patterns of the real economy. The impact may be twofold. Speculative behaviour occurs due to positive developments at the real economy and optimistic outlooks. Also, speculative behaviour may occur at other markets, like the stock market. We address both, a spill-over effect and the build up of speculation due to economic activity. Therefore, we implement realistic behaviour in an evolutionary framework and use emerging heterogeneity for the impact assessment. lnspired by the dotcom-bubble we focus on technological advancement as possible factor of growing optimism. ln the first part of this thesis we introduce feedback from stock prices into a model of economic growth determined by financing constraints. We focus on three known feedback channels: stock market information for the assessment of creditworthiness, stock market value as determinant in determining bankruptcy of a firm and performance based compensation of the firm management. The second part introduces financing constraints into an evolutionary framework and tackles determinants of credit supply for their impact on the occurrence of innovation. Those determinants are market based and also behavioural in nature. The third part provides a more detailed bank behaviour and two industrial sectors competing for credit. Therefore, the third part is a refinement of the second one.

With the advances in very large scale integration (VLSI) technology, hundreds of billions of transistors can be packed into a single chip. With the increased hardware budget, how to take advantage of available hardware resources becomes an important research area. Some researchers have shifted from control flow Von-Neumann architecture back to dataflow architecture again in order to explore scalable architectures leading to multi-core systems with several hundreds of processing elements. In this dissertation, I address how the performance of modern processing systems can be improved, while attempting to reduce hardware complexity and energy consumptions. My research described here tackles both central processing unit (CPU) performance and memory subsystem performance. More specifically I will describe my research related to the design of an innovative decoupled multithreaded architecture that can be used in multi-core processor implementations. I also address how memory management functions can be off-loaded from processing pipelines to further improve system performance and eliminate cache pollution caused by runtime management functions.

The following study aims to examine the success of using option-implied volatility to forecast realized volatility in derivative markets as the preferred market practice. The approach adopted by this study was to compare realized volatility against the monthly average forecast over the period 2005 to 2010. The data selection spanned across currency and commodities markets; short and long-term horizons; before and after the global financial crisis; as well as developed and developing (emerging) markets. To test the success of the forecasting technique, the study used the T-test to test the sample means for any statistical differences between the means of the forecast variable (optionimplied volatility) and the realized variable. The data for the study was obtained from BloombergTM. The findings across all research question showed that this forecasting technique has performed poorly in general for various reasons. There are different arguments in literature as to which forecasting method works best and under what conditions, some practitioners prefer using historical data methods others prefer more technical methods such as the GARCH 1.1. The use of financial derivatives to mitigate financial risk has become a common practice for organizations with a global presence; however market volatility poses a great risk to the financial stability of these organizations. Forecasting volatility continues to be a challenge for market practitioners. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted