The primary aim of this diploma thesis is to describe the activities of the State Veterinary Administration of the Czech Republic (SVA) during the control of foods of animal origin and to find out the results of controls in the years 1995 to 2008. In the first part, there is solved the question of food safety in the Czech Republic (CZ) and the whole European Union (EU). In EU as well as in the CZ there exist a lot of controlling mechanisms which guarantee food safety. The second part is concentrated on the system of controls called Hygiene Supervisor, which is executed by SVA, and the analysis of the results of the controls in each year.

In the first part of this essay, the author describes the regulatory regime governing the issuance of opinions by the Supervising Agency of the Government Procurement (OSCE) in Peru. In the second, there is a series of interpretative elements of the binding nature of opinions of OSCE that were provided by the legislature and that institution. The third is a review of the doctrinarian characteristics that defined the institution of the Administrative Advisory Service. And finally, in the fourth part, the author proposes an interpretation of the meaning and scope of the binding nature of opinions of OSCE, with focus on their application across the various stages of government procurement in Peru. / En la primera parte de este artículo se describe el régimen normativo que regula la emisión de opiniones por parte del Organismo Supervisor de las Contrataciones del Estado en el Perú. En la segunda, se recogen una serie de elementos interpretativos del carácter vinculante que el legislador nacional le ha dado a esas opiniones. La tercera hace una revisión de las características con que la doctrina define a la Función Administrativa Consultiva. Y en la cuarta, finalmente, se propone una interpretación del sentido y alcance del carácter vinculante de las opiniones, con especial énfasis en su aplicación durante las diversas etapasde la contratación pública en el Perú.

The thesis named "Current practice and possible ways of implementing clinical supervision in nursing" is the first doctoral dissertation establishing the concept of supervision in the Czech nursing environment. Itscentralresearch questionis as follows: How do nurses and university educators in nursing construct, interpret and practically apply theconcept ofclinical supervision and the supervisor's role in the context of nursing education at specific institutions of tertiary education and clinical nursing practice in the Czech Republic? The author draws on international theoretical literature and local empiricalevidence.Her qualitative research took the form of 26 semi-structured interviews with academic nursingeducators from the entire Czech Republic. In justified cases those are supplemented with qualitative data obtained through the study of legislative, policy and strategic documents in nursing and health care, including publicly available information and sources on clinical supervision, in order torefine the resulting picture of her interpretation of current clinical supervision practice in Czech nursing. A shift to the constructivist paradigm enabled one to conceive the term "clinical supervision" mainly in relation to learning, training and professional development of supervisees, also in the context of transformation of education and supervision not only of nurses but also of supervisors themselves in the Czech Republic. The author also focuses on the philosophical and theoretical foundations of clinical supervision and application of the postmodern approach in egalitarian clinical supervision. The empirical part of this dissertation is based on the qualitative research conducted. The author gradually presents her results as individual categoriesand relations between them that ensued from the analysed data in the process of open coding. The author draws a link between the category of implementation of clinical supervision in the context of nurses' professional education andexternal conditions, the environment and a broader professional and social-cultural context. Clinical supervision in nursing is constructed mainly as a unidisciplinaryconcept and a part of the nursing profession. The university nursing educatoris typically constructed as a role professional, but there is also an ongoing process ofdiversification, stratification, profiling and professionalization of non-academic nursing educators. Based on a content analysis of documents and post-modern philosophical-theoretical foundations and strategies of legitimizingclinical supervision, the author views the concept of clinical supervision in nursing as socially constructedand discursively legitimated. The author also defines the limitations of her research that arise from the choice of a qualitative research design. In the conclusion she outlines some future trends of clinical supervision in particular educational institutions that can be interesting and inspiring not only for supervisors but also for teachers of supervision themselves. Based on the results of her empirical analysis the author emphasises the need to integrate the theory and practice of education, clinical supervision and nursing. A comprehensive structure and methodology of system-wide implementation of clinical supervision, based on the situation of clinical nursing practice and supervision needs in the Czech Republic,should in future formthe basis of innovation of existing university programmes in nursing and approaches to the education and training of supervisors, as well as the subject of new research in clinical supervision.

Submitted by Juliana Mansur (juliana.kopp@fgv.br) on 2016-02-22T13:14:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_JULIANA MANSUR_VERSÃO DIGITAL.pdf: 1961862 bytes, checksum: c1bd07a7bcc2dfd3f04c3b85b4581a3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2016-02-25T14:29:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_JULIANA MANSUR_VERSÃO DIGITAL.pdf: 1961862 bytes, checksum: c1bd07a7bcc2dfd3f04c3b85b4581a3a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2016-02-29T11:47:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_JULIANA MANSUR_VERSÃO DIGITAL.pdf: 1961862 bytes, checksum: c1bd07a7bcc2dfd3f04c3b85b4581a3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-29T11:47:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE_JULIANA MANSUR_VERSÃO DIGITAL.pdf: 1961862 bytes, checksum: c1bd07a7bcc2dfd3f04c3b85b4581a3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-03 / Although cross-cultural leadership research has thrived in international business literature, little attention has been devoted to understanding the effectiveness of non-western theories beyond their original contexts. The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-cultural endorsement of paternalistic leadership, an emerging non-western leadership theory, using data from GLOBE project. Using multigroup confirmatory factor analyses we found measurement equivalence of a scale derived from GLOBE’s data, which enabled us to compare the endorsement of paternalistic leadership dimensions across 10 cultural clusters and 55 societies. Our study revealed that there are significant differences in the importance societies give to each dimension, suggesting that paternalism as leadership style is not universally nor homogeneously endorsed. Furthermore, results suggest that different patterns of endorsement of each of these dimensions give rise to idiosyncratic shades of paternalistic leadership across societies. Implications for theory and future research on international business are discussed. / Paternalistic leadership is a flourishing area in leadership literature, traditionally assumed to be culture bounded. However, empirical evidences have suggested that rather than national cultures, the conditions under which paternalistic leaders are effective can be related to the fit between the style of a leader and that of his or her followers. In the present research, we focus on paternalistic leadership and contrast it with empowering leadership, as two opposite ways on how leaders influence followers, to explore the individual conditions under which both styles can be effective. Adopting a follower-centered approach, we base our arguments on person-supervisor (P-S) fit theory and regulatory focus theory to propose that leadership effectiveness may be contingent to followers’ own values and motivational needs. We expected paternalistic leadership behaviors (e.g, authority, benevolence, support) to supply motivational needs for predominantly prevention-focused followers, and empowering leadership behaviors (e.g. empowerment, encouragement and autonomy) to supply motivational needs for predominantly promotion-focused followers. Using data collected from two experimental studies and a business simulation, we found support for these ideas, showing that fit increased followers’ perception of attitudinal and behavioral outcomes, such as in-role and creative performance.

The dissertation deals with the disciplinary process of the South African Police Service - perceptions and preferences of members in the North Rand area of the Gauteng Province. A research question " How members of the SAPS in the North Rand area of the Gauteng Province perceive the disciplinary process" is investigated in this study. The researcher has conducted a quantitative research in the North Rand area of the Gauteng Province using questionnaires and literature study as the research method. The answer to the research question in this study is that members of the SAPS have a negative attitude towards the disciplinary process of the SAPS. There is also uncertainty about the duties of certain role players during the disciplinary process. / Public Administration and Management / M.A. (Public Administration)

Dans l’environnement hospitalier, les infirmiers jouent un rôle pivot dans la prestation de soin, cette population est particulièrement exposée à des niveaux élevés de demande émotionnelle ce qui peut entraîner à terme une insatisfaction, un épuisement professionnel (Dal Santo, Pohl & Battistelli, 2013), un sentiment d’impuissance et d’incapacité à accomplir un travail au niveau attendu (Davezies, 2007). Le soutien organisationnel perçu (SOP) a été supposé et démontré avoir la capacité d’atténuer les effets néfastes des tensions émotionnelles (Pohl, Battistelli & Librecht, 2013; Battistelli, Pohl & Dal Santo, 2012; George, Reed, Ballard; Halbesleben, 2006). Rhoades et Eisenberger (2002) ont ajouté que le soutien du supérieur hiérarchique (SSP) est défini par la perception qu’a le salarié de la manière dont son supérieur valorise sa contribution, et qui est considéré comme la variable qui contribue le plus significativement à la perception du soutien organisationnel. Rhoades et al (2001) ont observés un effet positif du SSP sur l’engagement organisationnel affectif ; (Wayne et al., 1997 ; Moorman et al., 1998) ont démontrés un effet direct du SSP sur le bien-être, la qualité de vie au travail et sur les comportements de citoyenneté organisationnelle. Enfin, le développement récent de la recherche confirme les effets tangibles du soutien du supérieur hiérarchique sur l’engagement affectif, l’intention de quitter et l’épuisement professionnel en témoignent Simons & Jankowski; 2008). Notre réflexion théorique s’articule en trois points. (1) Etudier les tensions psychologiques (conflit travail/famille-famille/travail) et les caractéristiques du travail (Demande psychologique, Contraintes physiques Complexité du travail…) constitue une clé d’entrée qui nécessite (2) une réflexion sur le soutien émotionnel au travail ainsi que les stratégies de régulation émotionnel comme variables modératrices, pour (3) étudier les effets de ces variables modératrices dans les modèles de recherche intégrant l’épuisement professionnel, l’engagement organisationnel, satisfaction au travail, la dissonance émotionnelle et le comportement de citoyenneté organisationnelle . Mots clé: Tensions au travail (conflit travail/famille-famille/travail) – Caractéristiques du travail (Demande psychologique, Contraintes physique, Complexité du travail) Burnout – Engagement organisationnel– Dissonance émotionnelle – comportement de citoyenneté_ Soutien émotionnel au travail –Stratégies de régulation émotionnelle. / The increasing demands of work and their impact on the quality of life of employees are timely. In this perspective, the reflection on the managerial practices deserves to be thorough. This research project has three objectives: to conceptualize, measure and predict the influence of emotional support at work (ESW) on organizational commitment, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour. Our reflection is based on three points. (1) Study the psychological tensions ( conflicts Work / family -life / work) and job characteristics (psychological demand, physical constraints, Complexity of work ... ) is a key input that requires (2) a reflection on the emotional support at work and emotional regulation strategies as moderating variables for ( 3) study the effects of moderating variables in integrating research models incorporating burnout, organizational commitment , emotional dissonance, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviour. The hospital raises an exemplary manner the dynamics and challenges of local management. We will consider three cases: The University Hospital of Bab El Oued (Algeria), University Hospital of Brugmann, (Belgium) and The University Hospital of Bordeaux (France). To provide some answers, we mobilize two methods: qualitative and quantitative (more about a double measure of perceived SET and a measure of emotional regulation strategies) with a comparison of the target institutions. Key words : Emotional support at work_ psychological tensions (conflict work / life and family / work) - Work Characteristics (psychological demand, physical constraints, Labor Complexity ) Burnout – organizational commitment - emotional dissonance - organizational citizenship behaviour _ Strategies work emotional regulation .

This researcher investigates the role of communication satisfaction in job satisfaction in the Department of Communications, a government policy-making institution that deals with post, telecommunications, and broadcasting services in South Africa. This study describes communication satisfaction as the overall degree of satisfaction an employee perceives in his total communication environment and job satisfaction as the degree of satisfaction the individual feels with his job. Focus groups are used to explore the role of communication satisfaction in job satisfaction in the Department of Communications because they are appropriate and suitable in capturing the discussions reflecting emotions, particularly uncovering individuals' feelings about their environment. The emphasis is on finding out how communication motivates and makes employees satisfied in their jobs. Qualitative content analysis, based on transcriptions from audiotapes, is used for interpretation and analysis of the data. These transcnptions reflect the descriptive nature of the data and people's own spoken words. / Communication Science / M. A. (Communication)

This study examined the varying roles of individual members of the teaching practicum triad, comprising the university supervisor, the student teacher and the school support teacher, during the practicum component of primary teacher education at the University of Namibia’s Katima Mulilo Campus. The research sought to establish the perceptions of the school support-teachers, university students and university lecturers about the effectiveness of pre-deployment preparedness of trainee teachers before their attachment to schools for teaching practice and to establish the facets of the school participation within the triad which are most effective in supporting trainee teachers throughout their school based practicum. The practicum partnership matrix, as well the pre-teaching campus-based studies and pre-deployment preparations by the university, were closely examined. Suggestions from practicum schools, trainee teachers and the University of Namibia’s Faculty of Education were collated in efforts to develop effective partnership models. This study thus posits a view that school-based teaching practica should provide the pre-service trainee teachers with opportunities to be exposed to the realities of teaching and other related professional activities through the development of sustainable norms and a continuum of realistic practicum partnerships which should take on board all stakeholders. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-03-01T18:49:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Vania Cristina Selarin.pdf: 1509461 bytes, checksum: 291e537d3d3720793afc70365c5ba493 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-01T18:49:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vania Cristina Selarin.pdf: 1509461 bytes, checksum: 291e537d3d3720793afc70365c5ba493 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-14 / The main goal of this study is a general objective to characterize the supervising action of the the Coordenadoras de Serviços Educacionais (CSE) – Educational Services Coordinators – from the municipal educational system of Santo André – SP. The research problem was raised from the need for investigate the point of view of the Educational Services Coordinators on their supervisory action and on the knowledge they have on the assignments that are legally attributed to them in this function. This qualitative research uses the methodology of case study. The data was collected by Focus Groups: focus groups I and II and also by analysis of documents from Secretaria de Educação (SE) - Municipal Education Department - and legislation concerning the subject. The social subjects of the research were the Educational Services Coordinators (CSE) from the Departamento de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental (DEIEF) – Department of Early Childhood Education and Elementary Education – of Santo André's Municipal Education Department. For the data analysis, the methodology of content analysis was used. The theoretical foundation of this research was referenced in studies of authors that deal with educational supervision as Alonso (2008), Alarcão (2015), Ferreira (2008, 2015), Lima (2015), Rangel (2008, 2015) and Saviani 2008). Also from the authors that deal with the coordination of teams such as Almeida and Placco (2009) and Placco and Gouveia (2013). Freire (1967, 1987, 2002, 2007) refers to discussions about reflection on practice; methodological rigor in supervisory action; ethics, esthetics and political action in the making of educational supervision. Romão (2010), subsidizes the discussion about education systems. The analysis of educational policies and public policies was referenced by Mainardes (2006) and Souza (2006). The mais results were organized in 7 (seven) distinct categories, based on the specialized literature, and they indicate that both groups of CSE analyzed have similar concepts and practice supervisory action of monitoring focusing specifically on the schools. The research also revealed that the CSEs are unaware of the duties that are legally instituted, and this lack of knowledge promotes concerns, possible overloads of work and misalignments. Conclusively, it was evidenced that the practice of supervised action of the researched, concentrates, essentially, on the fiscalizing, formative, articulating and transforming action, as essential roles to the function of educational supervision. Finally, this study allowed the characterization of the supervisory action of the Coordenadoras de Serviços Educacionais, and made clear the importance of their role in Santo André's educational system as well as helped identify the importance of actualizing this educational policy in order to ensure a good educational performance of the municipal education system. / Este estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la acción de los coordinadores del supervisor de Servicios de Educación (CSE), vinculada a la enseñanza de la municipal de San Andrés - SP. El problema de investigación se originó a partir de la necesidad de investigar el punto de vista de los coordinadores de la Educación Los servicios de red municipal sobre su actuación supervisora y el conocimiento que tienen sobre lo que están asignados legalmente este papel. Esta investigación, cualitativa, utiliza el método del caso. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de grupos de enfoque: grupos de enfoque I y II y el análisis de documentos del Departamento de Educación (SE) y la legislación pertinente. Los sujetos de investigación social fueron el Departamento CSE de Educación Infantil y Educación Primaria (DEIEF), el Departamento de Educación Municipal de San Andrés. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la metodología de análisis de contenido. La base teórica de esta investigación que se hace referencia en los estudios de los autores que se ocupan de vigilar su educación como Alonso (2008), Alarcão (2015), Ferreira (2008, 2015), Lima (2015), Rangel (2008, 2015) y Saviani (2008). También los autores que se ocupan de la coordinación de los equipos como Almeida y Placco (2009) y Placco y Gouveia (2013). Freire (1967, 1987, 2002, 2007) hace referencia a las discusiones de la reflexión sobre la práctica; el rigor metodológico en la acción de supervisión; la ética, la estética y la acción política en las acciones de supervisión educativa. Romão (2010), subvenciona la discusión sobre los sistemas educativos. El análisis de las políticas educativas y las políticas públicas se hace referencia por Mainardes (2006) y Souza (2006). Los principales resultados, organizados en siete (7) diferentes categorías en la luz de la literatura indica que ambos grupos CSE encuestados, tienen conceptos similares y practican una acción de supervisión de seguimiento con enfoque limitado en las escuelas. Ellos tienen una comprensión de lo que es una acción de supervisión, vinculándolo a una mera supervisión. La encuesta también reveló que el CSE conscientes de los derechos que están establecidos legalmente y esta ignorancia promueve preocupaciones, la sobrecarga de trabajo y la asignación de las desviaciones. En conclusión, se hizo evidente que la práctica de la acción de supervisión encuestados, se centra principalmente en el seguimiento y control de la formación, la articulación y la transformación de los roles como esenciales para la función de vigilar su educación. Por último, este estudio permitió caracterizar el supervisor de la acción de los servicios educativos coordinadores, la comprensión de la importancia de su papel en el municipal de Santo André, para la realización de las políticas educativas en apoyo de un buen rendimiento educativo de las escuelas de la red. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral caracterizar a ação supervisora das Coordenadoras de Serviços Educacionais (CSE), vinculadas à rede municipal de ensino de Santo André – SP. O problema de pesquisa originou-se a partir da necessidade de investigar a visão das Coordenadoras de Serviços Educacionais da rede municipal acerca de sua ação supervisora e do conhecimento que têm acerca do que lhes é atribuído legalmente nessa função. Esta pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, usa o método de estudo de caso. Os dados foram coletados por meio de Grupo Focal: grupos focais I e II e por análise de documentos da Secretaria de Educação (SE) e da legislação pertinente. Os sujeitos sociais da pesquisa foram as CSE do Departamento de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental (DEIEF), da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Santo André. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se a metodologia de análise de conteúdo. A fundamentação teórica desta pesquisa referenciou-se em estudos de autores que tratam da supervisão educacional como Alonso (2008), Alarcão (2015), Ferreira, (2008, 2015), Lima (2015), Rangel (2008, 2015) e Saviani (2008). Também das autoras que tratam sobre a coordenação de equipes como Almeida e Placco (2009) e Placco e Gouveia (2013). Freire (1967, 1987, 2002, 2007) referencia as discussões acerca da reflexão sobre a prática; o rigor metodológico na ação supervisora; a ética, a estética e a ação política nos fazeres da supervisão educacional. Romão (2010), subsidia a discussão sobre os sistemas de ensino. A análise de políticas educacionais e políticas públicas foi referenciada por Mainardes (2006) e Souza (2006). Os principais resultados, organizados em 7 (sete) categorias distintas à luz da literatura especializada, indicam que ambos os grupos de CSE pesquisados, possuem conceitos similares e praticam uma ação supervisora de acompanhamento com foco estreito nas escolas. Apresentam uma compreensão do que seja uma ação supervisora, associando essa a uma ação meramente fiscalizadora. A pesquisa revelou, também, que as CSE desconhecem as atribuições que lhes são instituídas legalmente e esse desconhecimento promove inquietações, eventuais sobrecargas de trabalho e desvios de atribuições. Conclusivamente, evidenciou-se, que a prática da ação supervisora das pesquisadas, concentra-se, essencialmente, na ação fiscalizadora, formadora, articuladora e transformadora, como papéis essenciais à função da supervisão educacional. Por fim, esse estudo permitiu caracterizar a ação supervisora das Coordenadoras de Serviços Educacionais, compreendendo a importância do seu papel na rede municipal de Santo André, para a efetivação das políticas educacionais em apoio ao bom desempenho educacional das escolas da rede.

Along this dissertation I propose to walk the reader through several macroeconomic<p>implications of information asymmetries, with a special focus on financial<p>issues. This exercise is mainly theoretical: I develop stylized models that aim<p>at capturing macroeconomic phenomena such as self-fulfilling liquidity dry-ups,<p>the rise and the fall of securitization markets, and the creation of systemic risk.<p>The dissertation consists of three chapters. The first one proposes an explanation<p>to self-fulfilling liquidity dry-ups. The second chapters proposes a formalization<p>of the concept of market discipline and an application to securitization<p>markets as risk-sharing mechanisms. The third one offers a complementary<p>analysis to the second as the rise of securitization is presented as banker optimal<p>response to strict capital constraints.<p>Two concepts that do not have unique acceptations in economics play a central<p>role in these models: liquidity and market discipline.<p>The liquidity of an asset refers to the ability for his owner to transform it into<p>current consumption goods. Secondary markets for long-term assets play thus<p>an important role with that respect. However, such markets might be illiquid due<p>to adverse selection.<p>In the first chapter, I show that: (1) when agents expect a liquidity dry-up<p>on such markets, they optimally choose to self-insure through the hoarding of<p>non-productive but liquid assets; (2) this hoarding behavior worsens adverse selection and dries up market liquidity; (3) such liquidity dry-ups are Pareto inefficient<p>equilibria; (4) the government can rule them out. Additionally, I show<p>that idiosyncratic liquidity shocks à la Diamond and Dybvig have stabilizing effects,<p>which is at odds with the banking literature. The main contribution of the<p>chapter is to show that market breakdowns due to adverse selection are highly<p>endogenous to past balance-sheet decisions.<p>I consider that agents are under market discipline when their current behavior<p>is influenced by future market outcomes. A key ingredient for market discipline<p>to be at play is that the market outcome depends on information that is observable<p>but not verifiable (that is, information that cannot be proved in court, and<p>consequently, upon which enforceable contracts cannot be based).<p>In the second chapter, after introducing this novel formalization of market<p>discipline, I ask whether securitization really contributes to better risk-sharing:<p>I compare it with other mechanisms that differ on the timing of risk-transfer. I<p>find that for securitization to be an efficient risk-sharing mechanism, it requires<p>market discipline to be strong and adverse selection not to be severe. This seems<p>to seriously restrict the set of assets that should be securitized for risk-sharing<p>motive.<p>Additionally, I show how ex-ante leverage may mitigate interim adverse selection<p>in securitization markets and therefore enhance ex-post risk-sharing. This<p>is interesting because high leverage is usually associated with “excessive” risktaking.<p>In the third chapter, I consider risk-neutral bankers facing strict capital constraints;<p>their capital is indeed required to cover the worst-case-scenario losses.<p>In such a set-up, I find that: 1) banker optimal autarky response is to diversify<p>lower-tail risk and maximize leverage; 2) securitization helps to free up capital<p>and to increase leverage, but distorts incentives to screen loan applicants properly; 3) market discipline mitigates this problem, but if it is overestimated by<p>the supervisor, it leads to excess leverage, which creates systemic risk. Finally,<p>I consider opaque securitization and I show that the supervisor: 4) faces uncertainty<p>about the trade-off between the size of the economy and the probability<p>and the severity of a systemic crisis; 5) can generally not set capital constraints<p>at the socially efficient level. / Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished