The general aim of this dissertation is to describe and analyse how public old-age care in Sweden has developed and changed during the last century. The study applies a provider perspective on how care has been planned and professionally carried out. A broader social policy perspective, studying old-age care at central/national as well as local/municipal level, is also developed. A special focus is directed at the large local variation in care and services for the elderly. The empirical base is comprised of official documents and other public sources, survey data from interviews with elderly recipients of public old-age care, and official statistics on publicly financed and controlled old-age care and services. Study I addresses the development of old-age care in Sweden during the twentieth century by studying an important occupation in this field – the supervisors and their professional roles, tasks and working conditions. Throughout, the roles of supervisors have followed the prevailing official policy on the proper way to provide care for elderly people in Sweden; from poor relief at the beginning of the 1900s, via a generous level of services in the 1960s and 1970s, to today’s restricted and economy-controlled mode of operation. Study II describes and compares two main forms of public old-age care in Sweden today, home help services and institutional care. The care-load found in home-based care was comparable to and sometimes even larger than in service-homes and other institutions, indicating that large care needs among elderly people in Sweden today can be met in their homes as well as in institutional settings. Studies III and IV analyse the local variation in public old-age care in Sweden. During the last decades there has been an overall decline in home help services. The coverage of home help for elderly people shows large differences between municipalities throughout this period, and the relative variation has increased. The local disparity seems to depend more on historical factors, e.g., previous coverage rates, than on the present municipal situation in levels of need or local economy and politics. In an introductory part the four papers are linked together by an outline of the demographic situation and the social policy model for old-age care in Sweden. Trends that have been apparent over time, e.g. professionalisation and market orientation, are traced and discussed. Conflicts between prevailing ideologies are analysed, in regards to for instance home-based and institution-based care, social and medical culture, and local and central levels of decision-making. ’Welfare municipality’, ‘path dependency’, and ‘decentralisation’ are suggested as a conceptual framework for describing the large and increasing local variations in old-age care. Finally, implications of the four studies with regard to old-age care policy and further research are discussed. / <p>Härtill 4 uppsatser</p>

Hierdie navorsing handel oor die maatskaplikewerksupervisor wat as laervlakbestuurder sekere take en verantwoordelikhede het. Die doel van die navorsing is om vas te stel of die supervisor toegerus is om die take en verantwoordelikhede verbonde aan die pos van laervlakbestuurder suksesvol uit te voer. Vir die navorsing is ‘n kwantitatiewe benadering en ‘n beskrywende navorsingsontwerp gevolg. In die eerste gedeelte van die studie (Hoofstukke 1 en 2) is gefokus op onder andere die agtergrond tot die navorsingsprobleem en rasionaal, probleemstelling, navorsingsmetodologie en literatuurstudie. Die tweede gedeelte van die studie (Hoofstukke 3 en 4) hou verband met die bevindinge en dataverifiëring en word afgesluit met gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings wat op die studie van toepassing is. / Social Work / M.A. (Social work)

Die Nutzung von Umgebungsenergie ermöglicht bei einer zunehmenden Anzahl von Anwendungen drahtloser Sensorknoten eine autarke Energieversorgung. Wartungseingriffe sowie unvorhergesehene Energieengpässe begrenzen den autarken Einsatz derartiger Sensorknoten oder erfordern eine deutliche Überdimensionierung der Energy Harvester und Energiespeicher. Anwendungen, wie der Einsatz in unzugänglichen Bereichen, Sensornetzwerken mit einer großen Anzahl von Knoten oder sehr kleinen Knoten / Smart Dust, können unwirtschaftlich werden, wenn kein wartungsfreier Betrieb gewährleistet werden kann. Erreicht ein drahtloser Sensorknoten einen energetisch niedrigen Zustand, ist es für einen erneuten Start erforderlich, dass zusätzlich zu einer ausreichenden Spannung genügend Energie für den Startvorgang zur Verfügung steht. Bei zu zeitiger Aktivierung wird der Startvorgang aufgrund der einbrechenden Spannung nicht abgeschlossen und verhindert die Aufnahme des Betriebs. Ein Voltage Supervisor wird benötigt, um den Startvorgang so lange zu verzögern, bis ausreichend Energie für diesen zur Verfügung steht. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Voltage Supervisor für das Energiemanagement umgebungsenergieversorgter Sensorknoten vorgeschlagen. Die Herausforderungen liegen in der Realisierung einer definierten Abschalt- und Startcharakteristik, auch bei langsamen oder variablen Spannungsanstiegen, in der Implementierung einer Kaltstartfähigkeit und im zuverlässigen Schaltverhalten unter widrigen Umgebungsbedingungen oder niedrigem Energieeintrag. Für eine hohe Effizienz wird bei jeder Spannung ein geringer Eigenleistungsverbrauch gefordert. Im Ergebnis wird ein Konzept vorgestellt, welches einen zuverlässigen wartungsfreien Betrieb ermöglicht. Funktionen, wie die Abschaltung des Mikrocontrollers nach Erledigung der Aufgabe, ermöglichen darüber hinaus, weniger Energie als im Schlafmodus zu verbrauchen. Mit dieser Methode kann ein intermittierender Betrieb in Abhängigkeit der verfügbaren Energie realisiert werden. Simulation, experimentelle Untersuchung und die Einbettung in einen umgebungsversorgten drahtlosen Sensorknoten validieren die Funktionsfähigkeit unter allen gestellten Anforderungen. Der mittlere Eigenleistungsverbrauch der vorgeschlagenen Schaltung liegt bei 5,58 µW. Bei niedrigen Spannungen von 0 V – 1,4 V werden lediglich 568 nW benötigt. / The use of ambient energy enables an autonomous energy supply for an increasing number of wireless sensor node applications. Maintenance interventions or unforeseen energy input drops limit the autonomous use of such sensor nodes or require significantly oversized energy harvesters and energy storages. Applications such as the use in inaccessible areas, sensor networks with a large number of nodes or very small nodes / Smart Dust can become uneconomical, if no maintenance-free operation can be guaranteed. If a wireless sensor node reaches an energetically low state, it is necessary for a restart, that sufficient voltage and in addition sufficient energy is available for the starting process. In the case of too early activation, the starting process will not be completed due to the voltage drop and will prevent the start of operation. A Voltage Supervisor is required to delay the start until sufficient energy is available. Within the scope of this thesis, a voltage supervisor for the energy management of environmental-powered wireless sensor nodes is proposed. The challenges are in the realization of a defined switch-off and start characteristic even with slow or variable voltage slopes, a cold start capability and in reliable behaviour under adverse environmental conditions or low energy input. For high efficiency, a low power consumption is required at every voltage. As result, a concept is presented which enables reliable maintenance-free operation. In addition, the microcontroller can switch itself off completely after completion of the task and thus consume even less energy than in sleep mode. With this method, intermittent operation depending on the available energy, can be realized as well. Simulation, experimental investigation and inclusion in an energy harvesting supplied wireless sensor node validate the functionality under all given conditions. The average power consumption of the proposed circuit is 5.58 µW. At low voltages in the range 0 V - 1.4 V only 568 nW are required.

The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of male community service officers during midwifery clinical training. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual design was used in order to achieve the study objectives. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews. Data analysis elucidated analogous themes and categories which translated into the overall experiences of the participants. The study found that whilst the experience was described as beneficial, there were overwhelming challenges in providing intimate care to female clients, dealing with ethno-cultural aspects, meeting clinical practice requirements and the right to choose to be part of midwifery clinical training. Recommendations to nurse educators, clinical midwives and midwifery clinical supervisors with regard to better support for male nurses during midwifery clinical training emanated from the study findings / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

This thesis deals with design and implementation of new version of web portal for master's thesis supervisioin. The website is written in PHP using Nette framework. The goal of this application is to simplify the work of theses supervisors. The application provides supervisors with overview of students' activity by weekly reports. It allows students to cooperate and share information and motivation. The main reasons for creating a new implementation were improvement and extension of functionality and improvement of user interface and user experience. Results of testing show that all the above-mentioned changes were successful. Users are more satisfied, especially with the user interface.

This dissertation originates in research project Potřeby a podpora pracovníků poskytujících paliativní péči v hospicích (FHS_P19_2014_068) (Paliative Hospices Care Staff Needs and Support) which was implemented in 2015. The dissertation deals with needs of hospices staff. These are derived from demands and requirements placed on the staff and correlate with their workload. I express management strategies and attitudes related to staff support. In the theoretical part of the dissertation I survey organization culture and ways and means of staff care. One of the care forms may be supervision. I⁠ focus on its possible form (shape) and supervisor's function. The empirical part of the dissertation is based on the research performed in two hospices. I focus on facility description and provided care. It is based on conversations with staff and management of these facilities. I try to depict the way management views the staff support, demanding situations they are exposed to and their idea of management support. Last but not least I⁠ focus on the supervision area, the way the staff perceives it, to what extent they see it as a contribution (benefit) and what do they expect of it. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Mgr. Jana Majzlíková - Ideál hasiče a ideál supervizanta - snášejí se? ABSTRACT The work focuses on the question whether it is appropriate to the environment work with firefighters to implement supervision and, if so, how. For this purpose, the work compared the ideal of firefighters, what firefighters have themselves, and the ideal of supervisee what have supervisors, and examined their mutual compatibility. The research design was based on a qualitative approach. The data obtained from interviews with firefighters, supervisors, and from the focus group with firefighters were analyzed using analysis of qualitative data (open coding, thematic analysis). First, research has shown that the ideal of firefighters dominates gratitude for their work and willingness to help others. There is experience in supervision and open sharing stories about clients in the first place of the ideal of supervisee. Next, in both cultural ideals in addition include a common interest in people, understanding for others, tolerance, responsiveness to the needs of clients and people affected by a critical incident, empathy, empathic listening, interest in discussion and accessibility to the opinions of others. In both studied cultural environments courage is also appreciated. The supervisee must have the personal bravery "have skin...

I denna rapport undersöks vilka problem det finns i samarbetet mellan JM Entreprenad AB och dess underentreprenörer. Med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer med arbetsledare och platschefer, från både underentreprenörer och JM Entrepren ad AB, har vi fått synpunkter på vilka dessa problem är, vad konsekvenserna blir och eventuella lösningar på problemen.  Åtta stycken punkter som vi kallar ”teman” i rapporten, har framförts från intervjukandidaterna. Det är punkter som påverkar samarbetet mellan parterna ute i produktionen. De lyder som följer:  -     Säkerhet (arbetsmiljösäkerhet -     Lagbas kontra arbetsledare   -     Arbetsberedningar   -     Samarbetet mellan olika underentreprenörer   -     Möten (byggmöte och basmöte)   -     Arbetslivserfarenhet   -     Ändrings- och tilläggsarbeten   -     Tidsplanering   Den insamlande informationen är analyserad och presenterad enligt ovanstående teman med en tematisk analys. På så sätt blir resultatet överskådligt och lättare att presentera för läsaren.  Vår slutsats är att samarbetet mellan JM Entreprenad A B och underentreprenörerna kan påverkas i positiv riktning om de åtta punkterna beaktas. Vi styrker denna slutsats med att samtliga teman är hämtade direkt från idag aktiva arbetsledare och platschefer. / In this report we investigate the problems in the cooperation between JM Entreprenad AB and its subcontractors.  With the aid of semi constructed interviews with supervisors and foremen, from both the subcontractors and JM Entreprenad AB, we have received point of views on what these problems are, what the consequences are and eventual solutions to solve the problems.  Eight points that we refer to as “themes” in the report, has been brought forth by interviewed supervisors and foremen. These are points that affect the cooperation between the two sides out in the production. They list as follows:   -     Safety   -     Foreman or Supervisor   -     Work preparations   -     The cooperation between different subcontractors   -     Meetings   -     Work experience   -     Change and added work   -     Planning   The information received is analyzed and presented according to themes derived with a thematic analysis. That ensures that the results become easier to present to the reader.  Our conclusion is that the cooperation between JM Entreprenad AB and its subcontractors can be influenced in a positive direction if these eight themes are considered. We underline this conclusion with the point that all these themes derive s directly from supervisors and site managers.

This research aimed to qualititavely identify any new dimensions of job satsfaction , gender differences among black middle level managers as well as the impact of afrocentric values. Content and process theories provided the theoretical framework in the identification of determinants of job satsfaction. Semi-structured interviews were administered to eight employees in the educational and finacial sector. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the data. The results indicated that no 'new' dimensions of job satisfaction were identified in the selected sample. Behaviour, perceptions and actions, however, manifested against the background of the South African political and socio-economic history, as well as highlighting the process of acculturation. Findings referred to the importance of social needs against the background of ubuntu. The role of the supervisor and the necessity of open communication in the workplace were emphasised. Language issues were highlighted as significant in the perception of exclusion in the workplace. The need for recognition of qualifications and skills against the background of affirmitive action policies was clear. Participants suggested the significance of personal development as manifested in their need for self-actualisation and self-efficacy. Gender differences were prevalent in all determinants of job satisfaction bar recognition of qualifications in the work environment. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

Bc. Jana Vyskočilová, FHS Řízení a supervize, Abstrakt k diplomové práci. ABSTRACT The first part of the study deals with theoretical issues of supervision, especially supervision in cognitive behavioral therapy. The practical part is focused to mapping the expectations of supervision of trainees of CBT training in various phases of their training (after 1 year of training and after the fourth year of training, prior to training) and expectations of supervision of trainees training in CBT supervision. ABSS (Attitudes and Beliefs about Supervision Scale) was used as an evaluation instrument to assessed the expectations and beliefs of supervision. The expectations of probands with different experience in supervision were compared to find out where are consensual and where differ. The results show that trainees in supervision (Supervisors) emphasize particularly the importance of self-reflection and structures, Intermediate and advanced training students differ in their attitudes and expectations of supervision minimally (increased emphasis on counter-transference in intermediate students). Probands who are just going into training and have no previous experiences with supervision generally have higher expectations of supervision than trainees, who are already undergoing training. The finding that...