Dans les années vingt, au moment de l’institutionnalisation du cinéma classique hollywoodien, discours critiques et pratiques publicitaires maintiennent actif un plaisir spectatoriel lié à la présence sensationnelle de réel dans le film. La notion de « réalisme » que ces discours utilisent est un concept fragmenté qui vise d’une part à asseoir la légitimité du cinéma sur le sérieux des arts réalistes, et d’autre part à mettre l’accent sur les liens que le film entretient avec la réalité, dans son tournage, sa fabrication en studio, ou les techniques de l’illusion réaliste. Ces discours révèlent donc tout ce qu’il y a de réel dans le travail de la fiction des films. Il y a donc derrière ces discours un projet réaliste de construction d’un regard spectatoriel anti-illusionniste et actif qui est invité à analyser le film comme une illusion artificielle. Ces discours sont étendus dans le quotidien des spectateurs par des pratiques publicitaires qui visent à créer un espace de réception ludique où réel et romanesque s’interpénètrent dans le ballyhoo aux accents forains, les décorations des entrées de salles de cinéma, et les prologues joués sur scène avant (ou pendant) le film. Ce regard réaliste que ces discours et pratiques développent nous permet d’analyser la réception des films muets hollywoodiens comme un moment ludique et participatif. En visant au réveil des sens et à l’acuité du regard chez le spectateur, ces discours et pratiques permettent de poser la question d’un réalisme hollywoodien dont l’objectif serait un jeu actif, conscient et critique avec l’illusion cinématographique. / In the 1920s, as Hollywood cinema is undergoing industrial institutionalization, critical and advertising discourses maintain active a spectatorial pleasure derived from the sensational presence of reality in fiction films. The notion of « realism » used in those discourses is a « cluster concept » aiming on the one hand to derive cinema’s legitimacy from the serious purpose of realistic arts, and on the other to emphasize the relationship between film and the reality of on location or studio shooting, of the manufacturing of films, and of the tricks behind the realistic illusion. Those discourses therefore reveal all that is real in how fiction works in films and support a realistic project to construct an active and non-illusionistic spectatorial gaze that is invited to analyze film as an artifical illusion. These discourses are extended to spectators’ daily life through advertising practices that aim to create a playful space of reception where reality and romance merge in circus-inspired ballyhoo, in lobby decorations, and in on-stage prologues before, or during, the film. This realistic gaze developped by such discourses and practices allows us to analyze the reception of Hollywood silent films as a playful and participative moment. Aiming to awaken spectators’ senses and sharpen their attention, such discourses and practices allow us to raise the question of a Hollywood realism that would aim to create an active, conscious and critical game with the filmic illusion.

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-14T13:45:08Z No. of bitstreams: 4 Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P4.pdf: 4962338 bytes, checksum: 20bb76fee6bbd3d1dbfc6a26d62f4fdf (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P3.pdf: 6414148 bytes, checksum: 57203b43a4cb1c5c196cdf7bf30cd6bd (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P2.pdf: 5648304 bytes, checksum: 4addb9bb85f3d0dbebd3827c1a7ab314 (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P1.pdf: 1133509 bytes, checksum: 0ffab81706795507fc820fb78f13902e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alda Lima da Silva(sivalda@ufba.br) on 2013-05-16T17:48:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P4.pdf: 4962338 bytes, checksum: 20bb76fee6bbd3d1dbfc6a26d62f4fdf (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P3.pdf: 6414148 bytes, checksum: 57203b43a4cb1c5c196cdf7bf30cd6bd (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P2.pdf: 5648304 bytes, checksum: 4addb9bb85f3d0dbebd3827c1a7ab314 (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P1.pdf: 1133509 bytes, checksum: 0ffab81706795507fc820fb78f13902e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-16T17:48:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P4.pdf: 4962338 bytes, checksum: 20bb76fee6bbd3d1dbfc6a26d62f4fdf (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P3.pdf: 6414148 bytes, checksum: 57203b43a4cb1c5c196cdf7bf30cd6bd (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P2.pdf: 5648304 bytes, checksum: 4addb9bb85f3d0dbebd3827c1a7ab314 (MD5) Norma Suely da Silva Pereira P1.pdf: 1133509 bytes, checksum: 0ffab81706795507fc820fb78f13902e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / A pesquisa de fontes em periódicos do início do século XX revelou a existência de uma outra face do poeta Arthur de Salles, não mais apenas o poeta do mar, mas um Salles cronista e crítico. Com o objetivo de conhecer melhor esse outro lado de sua vasta produção, procedeu-se ao resgate de suas paginas de crítica, de modo a colaborar para a sua justa reinserção no cânone. A pesquisa objetiva ainda analisar as estratégias de enunciação presentes nos textos selecionados, a partir do que, espera-se poder ajudar a ampliar o perfil do poeta baiano. Para tanto, selecionou-se um corpus que compreende 11 textos de discurso crítico, todos em prosa, sendo nove textos veiculados em periódicos e dois textos de natureza epistolar. O corpus foi editado, conforme a tradição de cada texto, seguindo-se uma orientação conservadora. A obra crítica de Arthur de Salles insere-se numa tendência do período em que a crítica literária tem muitas vezes a feição de recensão crítica. Trata-se da apresentação relativamente breve de novas publicações, analisadas sob um ponto de vista, sobretudo, impressionista, de teor mais descritivo do que propriamente interpretativo veiculada em periódicos literários e de divulgação. Para dar um testemunho da importância dos periódicos no início do século passado, faz-se uma breve descrição dos jornais e das revistas nas quais foram publicados os textos editados, salientando-se a relação existente entre os periódicos, os poetas e a sociedade de então, com destaque para os caminhos percorridos pela crônica e pela crítica literária, e a participação de Arthur de Salles na crítica literária do período. A partir da análise dos textos críticos do autor são apresentadas as tendências de linhas temáticas seguidas, observando-se as estratégias de enunciação realizadas, à luz da teoria bakhtiniana e as estratégias utilizadas na construção do ethos discursivo, a partir de uma ótica pragmática da linguagem, através da concepção proposta por Maingueneau, que utiliza o conceito retórico na análise de discurso, adaptando-o para análise de textos escritos e não necessariamente argumentativos. Salles demonstra em seus textos críticos erudição, conhecimento enciclopédico e literário, que fazem dos seus textos mais que simples recensão informativa de obras publicadas. Contudo, não possui critérios objetivos de análise, sua crítica é de simpatia, predominantemente elogiosa. Na construção da argumentação as vozes do poeta e do crítico se confundem e o texto, não raro, toma feições de prosa poética. A análise das escolhas lexicais, assim como das demais estratégias discursivas utilizadas revelam a intenção do locutor de garantir a adesão do interlocutor, a legitimação do discurso. As marcas presentes na enunciação mostram um ethos parcial, erudito e de estilo eclético. / Salvador

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho procura analisar os discursos de Francisco de Salles Torres Homem, produzidos na imprensa entre 1840 e 1849, momento em que fez parte da facção política liberal. No Período Regencial iniciou a sua atuação no jornalismo, e nos primeiros anos do Segundo Reinado, já aparecia como um importante redator de jornais, panfletário e político. Durante a Revolução Liberal de 1842, participou ativamente do conflito, e no período da Revolução Praieira em 1848, e escreveu o seu mais inflamado e comentado panfleto O Libelo do Povo, onde fez duras críticas ao governo, recebendo grande repercussão na imprensa da época. Esta foi considerada pelos seus biógrafos como a sua fase mais revolucionária, seus discursos foram produzidos em momentos específicos de grande debate de ideias, e expressavam as concepções políticas e ideológicas dos liberais. Naquela época, Salles Torres Homem utilizou à palavra impressa, para defender os interesses dos liberais ao poder. / This paper analyzes the speeches of Francisco de Salles Torres Homem, produced in the press between 1840 and 1849 when it was part of the liberal political faction. In Regencial Period began operating in journalism, and in the early years of the Second Empire, has appeared as an important writer for newspapers, and political pamphleteer. During the Liberal Revolution of 1842, participated actively in the conflict, and the period of Praieira Revolution in 1848, and wrote his most inflamed and commented pamphlet The Libel of the People, which has heavily criticized the government, receiving great attention from the press of the time. This was considered by his biographer as his stage more "revolutionary", his speeches were made at specific times of great debate of ideas, and expressing the political and ideological conceptions of liberals. At that time, Salles Torres Homem used the printed word to defend the interests of the Liberals to power.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-05T12:08:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T16:14:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T16:14:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T16:14:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissSE.pdf: 5735177 bytes, checksum: 402ed66b1ad084da0464cec7b3aa81db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The research aims to think over about the overlaps between fiction and documentary in the film The Motorcycle Diaries (2004) by Walter Salles, using intermediality as method. We will use the intermedial phenomena proposed by Rajewsky (2012) as methodologi cal tools, thinking about intermedial transposition, combination of media and intermedial references. So, it's possible think over what kind of reading instruction is been triggered by the film, from the perspective proposed by Odin (2012): fictivizante or documentarizante. Our interest here is to think how literature transposed into film triggers such statements, relating the use of an open script to the reality of filming and also considering the influences between fiction and documentary related to road movie. We also seek to understand instructions that the film gives to emulate the photo and refer to documentary photography in three black and white sequences and using archival footage in the end credits. / A pesquisa se propõe a refletir sobre as imbricações entre ficção e documentário no filme Diários de motocicleta (2004) do diretor Walter Salles, por meio da intermidialidade. Usaremos os fenômenos intermidiáticos propostos por Rajewsky (2012) como instrumentos metodológicos, pensando a transposição intermidiática, a combinação de mídias e as referências intermidiáticas. Dessa forma, será possível refletir quais instruções de leitura o filme estará acionando, dentro da perspectiva proposta por Odin (2012): fictivizante ou documentarizante. Interessa-nos aqui pensar como a transposição da literatura para o cinema aciona tais instruções, relacionando o uso de um roteiro aberto à realidade das filmagens e pensando também as influências entre ficção e documentário relacionadas ao road movie. Buscamos entender também que instruções o filme dá ao emular a fotografia e referenciar a fotografia documental em três sequências em preto e branco e ao utilizar imagens de arquivo nos créditos finais.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O presente trabalho procura analisar os discursos de Francisco de Salles Torres Homem, produzidos na imprensa entre 1840 e 1849, momento em que fez parte da facção política liberal. No Período Regencial iniciou a sua atuação no jornalismo, e nos primeiros anos do Segundo Reinado, já aparecia como um importante redator de jornais, panfletário e político. Durante a Revolução Liberal de 1842, participou ativamente do conflito, e no período da Revolução Praieira em 1848, e escreveu o seu mais inflamado e comentado panfleto O Libelo do Povo, onde fez duras críticas ao governo, recebendo grande repercussão na imprensa da época. Esta foi considerada pelos seus biógrafos como a sua fase mais revolucionária, seus discursos foram produzidos em momentos específicos de grande debate de ideias, e expressavam as concepções políticas e ideológicas dos liberais. Naquela época, Salles Torres Homem utilizou à palavra impressa, para defender os interesses dos liberais ao poder. / This paper analyzes the speeches of Francisco de Salles Torres Homem, produced in the press between 1840 and 1849 when it was part of the liberal political faction. In Regencial Period began operating in journalism, and in the early years of the Second Empire, has appeared as an important writer for newspapers, and political pamphleteer. During the Liberal Revolution of 1842, participated actively in the conflict, and the period of Praieira Revolution in 1848, and wrote his most inflamed and commented pamphlet The Libel of the People, which has heavily criticized the government, receiving great attention from the press of the time. This was considered by his biographer as his stage more "revolutionary", his speeches were made at specific times of great debate of ideas, and expressing the political and ideological conceptions of liberals. At that time, Salles Torres Homem used the printed word to defend the interests of the Liberals to power.

L'objectif général de cette thèse est de contribuer à l'exploration de la qualité sonore des salles de concert à partir d'une approche centrée sur l'identification de l'expérience sensible des mélomanes. Nous montrons d'abord les limites de l'approche traditionnelle de l'évaluation perceptive, principalement centrée sur des attributs reliés à la salle ou à la musique, et définis a priori à partir des connaissances des expérimentateurs, le plus souvent acousticiens, dans les termes de leur domaine scientifique ou avec des mots dont ils pensent partager avec les sujets les mêmes significations. Puis, reprenant les trois méthodes d'exploration de l'expérience subjective -enquêtes "hors situation d'écoute" (basées sur la mémoire), questionnaires dans les salles lors de concerts, et tests d'écoute en laboratoire-, nous les avons implémentées, mais dans un cadre théorique et méthodologique explicitement positionné en psychologie et en linguistique sur l'étude du sensible comme objet psychologique autonome. De plus, pour notre approche expérimentale en laboratoire, nous avons implémenté un système de décodage paramétrique basé sur le système SIRR (spatial impulse response rendering), permettant la reproduction de champs sonores à partir de réponses impulsionnelles des salles mesurées au format Ambisonics de premier ordre. La contribution de ce travail consiste à repérer les facteurs psychologiques reliés à l'écoute d'un concert dans une salle à partir de l'objectivation de l'expérience subjective des mélomanes et de leur évaluation de la qualité acoustique de la salle, et à partir de là, établir des relations avec les mesures acoustiques des salles étudiées. / The general purpose of this thesis is to explore the sound quality of concert halls by approaching it through the listeners’ sensory experience. We first show the limitations of the traditional approach to perceptual evaluation, principally centred on attributes related to hall or music, from the knowledge of experimenters, usually acousticians, and therefore pre-defined by their scientific field, or in common language they believe is shared by the subjects in terms of use and equivalence of meaning. Then, re-using the three methods for exploring subjective experience –extra-auditory enquiries “from memory”, questionnaire surveys within auditoria for given concerts, and laboratory listening tests–, we have implemented them, but within a theoretical and methodological framework, explicitly rooted in psychology and linguistics, and respecting sensibility as an autonomous psychological object of study. Furthermore, in our experimental laboratory approach, we have implemented a parametric decoding system based on SIRR (spatial impulse response rendering), and permitting the reproduction of sound fields from first-order Ambisonics room impulse responses. The contribution of this work thus consists in identifying the psychological factors related to concert listening in a hall by objectivising the subjective experience of listeners (music-lovers) and their evaluation of the acoustic qualities of an auditorium; and in establishing relationships between the psychological factors and the acoustic measurements in the studied auditoria.

La gestion des suites chirurgicales joue un rôle central pour permettre aux hôpitaux d’offrir l’accès aux soins à des coûts raisonnables. L'informatisation et l'automatisation sont des évolutions conventionnelles pour améliorer l’efficacité. Toutefois, un soutien inadapté ne peut améliorer l'activité de gestion et peut nuire à son action. Notre hypothèse est que des fonctionnalités interactives, utilisables, flexibles et adaptée aux spécificités des activités locales peuvent créer un environnement de travail dans lequel le personnel médical est capable de réagir à des événements inattendus et de s’approprier la technologie. Nos contributions comprennent en une analyse de l'activité de l'équipe chirurgicale, basée sur des entretiens, observations, une revue de la littérature et une analogie avec l'aviation civile. Nous avons participé à la construction d'un modèle mathématique du flux chirurgical et d'une visualisation de ce modèle. Nous avons identifié les exigences et principes de conception nécessaires au développement, à l'intégration et à l'appropriation d'un outil pour soutenir la gestion du flux chirurgical. Nous avons conçu des interactions multi-utilisateurs sur une grande surface et développé un prototype de tableau blanc électronique, OnBoard, qui démontre l'intégration des spécifications et des défis techniques. OnBoard appartient à un système cyber-physique comprenant des capteurs dans les salles d'opération. Enfin, nous avons déployé et évalué OnBoard dans une suite chirurgicale. L'expérience de OnBoard suggère que la conception des interactions est primordiale pour offrir un environnement collaboratif efficace au personnel médical. / Surgical suite management plays a key role in the endeavor of hospitals: patients’ health at sustainable cost. Computerization and automation of processes are conventional solutions to support resource management and efficiency. However, unsuitable support might not improve the management activity, and can even be detrimental to it. Our hypothesis is that usable and flexible interactivity tuned to local particularities can create a working environment in which the medical staff can cope with unexpected surgery events and appropriate the technology. Our contributions comprise an analysis of the activity of the surgical team, based on interviews, observations, review of the literature and an analogy with civil aviation. We participated in the construction of a mathematical model of the surgical workflow and a visualization of the mathematical model. We conducted an experimentation to identify bottlenecks of workflow inefficiencies and delays. We identified scenarios, requirements and design principles necessary to the development, integration and acceptation of a tool to support surgical workflow activities. We designed multi-users interactions on a large surface and made a prototype of electronic whiteboard, OnBoard, for the surgical suite which demonstrates the integration of the specifications and technical challenges. OnBoard belongs to a larger cyber physical system including activity sensors in every operating room of the surgical suite. Finally, we deployed the prototype in a surgical suite and evaluated it. The OnBoard experience suggests that the design of interactions is paramount to provide the medical staff an efficient collaborative environment.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roseane Silveira de Souza.pdf: 9178822 bytes, checksum: e991654ea40614b936cabb44497a3ed5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation is founded on the life journey of Vicente Juarimbu Salles (1931 2013), an anthropologist, historian and folklorist of Pará, Brazil, and on his pioneering studies about the African descendant s presence in Pará s History. This research is circumscribed to the Cultural History s realm, in the line of Culture and Representation. It aims to identify how this theme is intertwined to Vicente Salles life history, relying on his historiography as the object of study concerning the subjects who were excluded from History. The investigation s accomplishment counted on interviews with the author, his family members, friends and scholars who research the African descendant s culture. Readings and interpretations were also conducted through Salles work books and titles from the Author s series MicroEdição , as well as his correspondence with several interlocutors. From these sources it was possible to collect the historian s childhood, youth and adult life data in both personal and professional spheres, which try to show how this intellectual built a view over the subjects placed in the margins of History, like the African descendants in Amazon. The work approaches his first steps in Pará s research, encouraged by the local poet and folklorist Bruno de Menezes and by Edison Carneiro, an anthropologist from Bahia. Later on, it encompasses the project development in the Academic sphere at the National Philosophy Faculty of Brazil s University in Rio de Janeiro, but overall, at the Campaign in Defense of Brazilian Folklore, in which Salles worked from 1961 to 1972. The research also approaches the theoretical scenery of Social Sciences and Humanities, that were undergoing transformation in the 1960 s decade, when Salles developed the investigation resulting in the work: The African descendant in Pará: under the slavery regimen, that showed that the African descendant, contrary to an imperative vision of those times, was remarkably important to the formation of Pará s society. Altogether, five historiographic works that build the researcher s journey through the theme are presented, and amongst them, diverse objects were selected. The study also gathers Salles dialogues with Pará s guitarist and composer Tó Teixeira in the studies about folklore and African descendant music, as well as the historian s struggle for the publication and propagation of his vast work. Ultimately, the dissertation exposes over 50 years of studies about the African descendant theme in Pará, revealing that it was a life project for Vicente Salles / Esta tese fundamenta-se na trajetória de vida do antropólogo, historiador e folclorista paraense Vicente Juarimbu Salles (1931 2013) em seus estudos pioneiros sobre a presença do negro na história do Pará. Trata-se de uma pesquisa circunscrita ao domínio da História Cultural, na linha Cultura e Representação, e busca identificar como aquele tema se entrelaça à história de vida de Vicente Salles, tendo como objeto a sua historiografia em torno dos sujeitos excluídos da história. Para isso, foram realizadas entrevistas com o autor, familiares, amigos e estudiosos da cultura do negro. Também foram feitas a leitura e a interpretação de obras de Salles (livros e títulos da série MicroEdição do Autor), e de sua correspondência com interlocutores diversos. Dessas fontes foram obtidos dados da infância, juventude e vida adulta do historiador, nas esferas familiar e profissional, que tentam mostrar como esse intelectual constituiu um olhar para os sujeitos à margem da história, como o negro na Amazônia. O trabalho aborda os primeiros passos da pesquisa no Pará, estimulada pelo poeta e folclorista Bruno de Menezes e pelo antropólogo baiano Edison Carneiro. Depois, o desenvolvimento do projeto, em âmbito acadêmico, na Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia da Universidade do Brasil, no Rio de Janeiro, mas, sobretudo, na Campanha de Defesa do Folclore Brasileiro, onde Salles trabalhou de 1961 a 1972. Aborda, ainda, o panorama teórico das ciências sociais e humanas em transformação na década de 1960, quando Salles desenvolveu a investigação, resultando na obra O negro no Pará: sob o regime da escravidão, um clássico da historiografia da Amazônia, que mostrou que o negro, ao contrário de uma visão imperante à época, teve importância fundamental para a formação da sociedade paraense. No total, são apresentadas as cinco obras historiográficas que compõem essa trajetória do pesquisador em torno do tema, recortado por objetos diversificados. O estudo abrange, ainda, a interlocução de Salles com o violonista e compositor paraense Tó Teixeira nos estudos sobre folclore e música do negro, e a batalha do historiador pela publicação e difusão de sua vasta obra. A tese, enfim, expõe mais de 50 anos de estudos sobre a temática do negro no Pará, mostrando que se tratava de um projeto de vida de Vicente Salles

La recherche propose de faire la démonstration qu'il existe une certaine relation de cause à effet entre la prise en compte des paramètres du confort visuel dans la conception des établissements scolaires et la performance scolaire des utilisateurs. Dans ce sens, nous essaierons de montrer comment la façon dont l'éclairage naturel sera introduit dans une salle de classe sera un facteur déterminant du confort visuel. En termes de méthodologie, nous avons retenu une approche qualitative qui permet de répondre, de manière simple et efficace, aux objectifs de cette recherche. Dans un premier temps, nous établissons un état de l'art du concept de l'éclairage naturel et du confort visuel en milieu scolaire. Ensuite, nous proposons une méthode d'analyse et d'évaluation qui s'articule autour de deux phases : - l'une consiste à analyser la qualité environnementale des établissements scolaires en Libye. L'objectif de cette phase est d'arriver à une classification typologique des salles de classe existantes dans notre zone d'étude ;- l'autre consiste à incorporer des simulations par maquette, qui nous permettent la collection des informations maximales dans le temps le plus court, par une série de photos enregistrant les conditions de confort visuel. Cela nous permet de montrer de façon simplifiée l'impact des caractéristiques des salles de classe étudiées, notamment leurs orientations, qui peuvent avoir une influence directe ou indirecte, positive ou négative, sur le confort visuel et par extension sur la performance scolaire de ces utilisateurs.D'après les résultats obtenus, nous avons constaté que les établissements scolaires en Libye, tels qu'ils sont conçus et réalisés actuellement, ne répondent guère aux besoins de leurs utilisateurs et ont sur eux un impact considérablement négatif. Enfin, à la lumière de l'ensemble des constatations, nous discutons les conséquences de nos résultats obtenus pour la conception architecturale des futurs établissements scolaires en Libye, et nous proposons ensuite d'établir une liste des recommandations appropriées au contexte climatique de la zone d'étude pour la conception des salles de classe, afin de les mettre à la disposition des architectes et des autorités pour d'éventuelles utilisations et approfondissements, qui permettent non seulement de rénover des édifices existants mais aussi d'améliorer la conception des futures constructions.

Cette thèse dont le sujet porte sur les espaces couplés en acoustique des salles s'articule selon trois axes : le point de vue mécanique qui considère les champs acoustiques en régime stationnaire et transitoire ; le traitement des signaux émis et enregistrés permettant de caractériser l'acoustique de tels espaces ; et un aspect perceptif adoptant la position d'un auditeur. Ces travaux ont pour objectif d'obtenir une compréhension plus fine des phénomènes acoustiques mis en jeu dans les espaces couplés et de donner un point de vue global sur le sujet, de la modélisation à la perception. L'étude des champs acoustiques dans les espaces couplés a été réalisée en comparant plusieurs approches. Des modèles analytiques basés sur l'acoustique statistique et une équation de diffusion ont été développés et comparés à des mesures sur maquette acoustique à l'échelle 1:20, à des simulations numériques basées sur le principe du lancer de rayons ainsi qu'aux méthodes ondulatoires d'éléments frontière (BEM) et de différences finies en domaine temporel (FDTD). Par ailleurs, des indices acoustiques ont été définis, décrivant précisément les spécificités des courbes de décroissance et un code de traitement semi-automatisé a été réalisé afin d'analyser les réponses impulsionnelles. La perception du son réverbéré dans les espaces couplés est fortement influencée par les taux de décroissance multiples de l'énergie sonore. Deux types d'expériences perceptives basées sur des tests d'écoute ont été menées, l'une sur la capacité de discrimination de différents environnements réverbérants, l'autre sur l'adéquation subjective entre ces réverbérations et différents ensembles musicaux.