The factors of psychological training of athletes are researched not sufficiently enough. Many authors underline that psychological training of athletes is a complicated process, without which the enhancement of modern sports is impossible. The problem of the study is that data, which would reveal the influence of psychological training on the self-regulation and self-control of the athletes, is still lacking. Ability to control precipitation states can be characterised by indicators: self-regulation and self-control. This study is meant to analyse the peculiarities of self-confidence, self-control and self-regulation among basketball players of Lithuanian student‘s basketball league. The scientific problem is that we still lack information of how psychological skills training programs could help elite basketball players' train their psychological skills. During the research it was tried to unfold if there is a statistically reliable difference between female and male basketball players. The purpose of this study is to establish the peculiarities of self-confidence, self-control and self-regulation among basketball players of Lithuanian student‘s basketball league. Objectives: to establish the peculiarities of self-confidence and it‘s components, self-control and self-regulation among athletes. The following research methods have been applied in the study: P. Kelly, M. Snaider and J. J. Kiseliov questionnaires, data has been analysed by means of the mathematical statistics... [to full text]

Life-long learning determines the possibilities of learning and improving the needs of all the citizens of the country. Health care personnel who have to improve their professional qualification are becoming active participants of this process. While associating to a common European nursing space, nurses are facing new requirements and this influences their professional competence. This is the reason why it is very important to find out how nurses improve their professional qualification considering the notions of life-long learning. The aim of this report is to reveal the features of nurses’ professional qualification in the context of life-long learning. According to the analysis of legal aspects of the development of nurses’ professional qualification, the professional development of this group of specialists is regulated by the state. It is as well formalized and inflexible. Incomplete national attitude towards adult learning suggests that the distribution of financial resources in health care system is not properly settled as far as the improvement of nurses’ qualification is concerned. It also causes restrictions of learning accessibility in social, financial and economical aspects. The data of the research has highlighted the salient problems that nurses face with. Among others, one is that the existing system of professional improvement is not adjusted to the implementation of notions of life-long learning. Nurses do not feel secure because of permanent changes in... [to full text]

Šiame darbe aptariant socialinių ir ekonominių struktūrų ypatumus pagrindinė analizė sutelkiama ties esminiu – savireguliacijos - principu. Pasitelkus socializmo, istoricizmo, psichologizmo, racionalizmo, biurokratinės ir verslinės tvarkos teorijas analizuojama kaip savireguliacijos mechanizmo principas veikia įvairiose visuomenės struktūrose. Aptariant bendrus šių teorijų bruožus siekiama atskleisti ir bendrus jų principus bei prigimtį. Kiekvienos teorijos mechanizmas funkcionuojantis pagal savus dėsnius tarnauja vienai ar kitai tvarkai. Vienos teorijos yra sureguliuojančios, t.y., jos būtinos ten, kur netinka savireguliacinė tvarka, o kitos yra spontaniškos prigimties ir joms negalioja su-tvarkymo mechanizmas. Centralizuoto valdymo siekis yra sukontroliuoti bendros tvarkos principų laikymąsi. Egzistuoja prieštara ir perskyra tarp centralizuoto valdymo ir saviregualicijos – savivaldos principų. Tie būdai, kurie tinka susireguliuojančiai tvarkai palaikyti, negali būti pritaikomi ir reguliuojančioje tvarkoje, todėl viena tvarka negali būti pakeista kitu tų pačių reikalų tvarkymo būdu. Savireguliacinis mechanizmas yra būdingas toms tvarkoms, kurioms negalioja su-reguliuojančios tvarkos būdas, tačiau tuo pačiu šios tvarkos visada yra koegzistuojančiame santykyje. Kai viena tvarka įgyja kitos tvarkos bruožų ji praranda savo esmines funkcijas. Iracionalumo principu paremtos teorijos priskiria vienai tvarkai kitos tvarkos bruožus. Šiame darbe aptariama socialinių ir ekonominių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this paper, in which the structure of the social and the economic aspects are being discussed, the main analysis is based on the fundamental principal of self-regulation. Using theories of socialism, historicism, psichologism, rationalism, bureaucratic and business order the analysis of how the mechanism of self-regulation behaves in different social is being proceeded. In order to find out about the nature and the features of these theories, several discussions are being processed. Each single feature of a theory is dependant on some orders. Some theories are controlling which means they are required when self-regulation order is not appropriate. The others have spontaneous nature and no rules of the controlling mechanism can be applied to them. The purpose of centralist order is to control the following of the rules of the main order. There are the face off and distinction between the principles of centralist order and self-regulation (self-control). The methods that can be applied to the self-controlling order can never be applied to the controlling order and because of that, one order can not be replaced to another. Self-regulation mechanism is inherent to the orders to which the controlling order can not be applied. But at the same time, these two orders are always in a co-existent relationship. When one of them takes over some features from another, it loses its’ key functions. Theories based on the principal of irrationalism attribute the features of one order... [to full text]

Operative feedback between authors of publications and readers as well as between readers themselves determines considerable growth of portals with commenting functions. Unfortunately, the advantages of commenting are not used in the portals of public institutions. Therefore, this paper surveys internet commenting influence in the e-democracy development, involving the communities into decision making processes. The paper investigates, if the electronic discussions can support realization of principles of publicity, society interests importance and community involvement into the public management, mainly highlighted in theory of public administration and new public management. The main problem, why commenting functions are not being deployed in the portals of institutions, is inefficiency of commenting process regulation. So far used methods of comments regulation – simple moderation and automoderation – are inefficient (slow, subjective) when there are huge amount of users, consequently, these methods do not fit to the portals of public institutions. This paper surveys new method of commenting regulation – comoderation – which is based on user self-regulation and comment rating, consequently, more efficient. So, adopting of comoderation in the portals could provide a powerful tool for fast and purposeful changing of ideas between officials and citizens. The investigation of commenting and comment rating needs in the portals of institutions is performed due to purpose to... [to full text]