Syftet med studien var att undersöka livskvaliteten hos barn och ungdomar med cerebral pares. 56 barn och ungdomar med cerebral pares i åldern 10-18 år med Gross Motor Function Classification system (GMFCS) tillhörighet I-III, som gick i grundskola, grundsärskola eller gymnasieskola och som erbjöds insatser från Skånes 11 olika barn- och ungdomshabiliteringar har undersökts via en enkät: Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ-87). CHQ-87 är ett självskattningsformulär bestående av 87 frågor, indelade i två huvudområden som tillsammans täcker individens fysiska och psykosociala hälsa. Enkäten skickades ut per brev under våren 2008. Totalt skickade 167 enkäter ut och 56 enkäter inkom besvarade. Resultatet visar ingen signifikant skillnad mellan den fysiska och den psykosociala hälsan. Skolsituationen och kamratrelationer upplevs positivt av flertalet som svarade och merparten svarar att de har det bra i sina familjer. De upplever att de har en god hälsa och att de inte oroar sig mera över sin hälsa än andra barn. Flera barn och ungdomar besväras av värk både ofta och mycket. Känslolivet upplevs stabilt, självkänslan är god och många upplever att de är glada och tillfreds med sig själva och sin kropp. / The aim of this study was to examine the quality of life in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. 56 children and adolescents, diagnosed with cerebral palsy, ages 10-18, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I-III, attending primary or secondary school in Sweden have been asked about their quality of life using a questionnaire, Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ-87). All children and adolescents have attended the 11 child habilitation centers in Skåne. The CHQ-87 is self reported, and consists of two main domains of questioning, covering both the physical and psychological health of the individual.  A total of 167 questionnaires were sent out and 56 were returned and answered. The results show no significant difference between the physical and psychological health.    The situation in school and having friends was highly ranked by most of the children and adolescents and many of them respond that they lead a good life within their families. They express that they are in good health and that they worry no more about their health than others. Many experience frequent and intense pain. They express a stable emotional life, good self esteem, happiness, and that they are satisfied with themselves and their own body.

Kort Upprepad Skattning av Ätstörningssymptom- Patientversion (KUS-P) är ett självskattningsformulär, avsett att mäta de vanligaste symptomen hos personer med ätstörningar. Formuläret har använts i forskningssammanhang samt i kliniska sammanhang. De psykometriska egenskaperna har inte tidigare undersökts. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att validera och normera formuläret. Självskattningar från en normalpopulation bestående av 945 gymnasie- och universitetsstuderande samlades in för studiens analyser. Data på 270 patienter från en ätstörningsenhet fungerade som klinisk jämförelsegrupp. Det insamlade materialet undersöktes avseende könsskillnader. Resultaten visar att KUS-P har god reliabilitet och validitet samt klassificerar 84 % korrekt, med ett gränsvärde på 22 poäng för kvinnor. Det visade sig finnas signifikanta skillnader mellan könen, på hela skalan samt på de symptomfrågor som rör tankar och känslor. / Kort Upprepad Skattning av Ätstörningssymptom - Patientversion (KUS-P) is a self-report questionnaire, intended to measure the most common symptoms in people with eating disorders. The questionnaire has been used in research and in clinical contexts but its psychometric properties have not yet been reported on. The aim with this study was to validate and standardize the questionnaire. Self-reports from a normal population comprising of 945 upper secondary school and university students was gathered for the study's purposes. Records from 270 patients in an eating disorder unit served as a clinical comparison group. The collected material was examined with regards to sex differences. The result shows that KUS-P has good reliability and validity. The questionnaire classifies 84% correctly and has a cutoff value at 22 points for women. There were significant differences between sexes, on the entire scale and on those symptom questions concerning thoughts and feelings.

Att arbeta med kommunikativ förmåga är en av grundstenarna i logopedens yrkesutövning. Syftet med denna studie var att utveckla ett självskattningsinstrument som kan mäta kommunikativ förmåga, med möjlighet att fånga upp både positiva och negativa aspekter av förmågan. Instrumentet utvecklades i enlighet med klassisk mätteori. En första utvärdering av instrumentet gjordes i ett pilottest med 13 respondenter. Resultatet ledde till att antal items, det vill säga frågor, minskades från 133 till 78 och individuella items förändrades vid behov. 254 respondenter fyllde sedan i det reviderade formuläret på internet. Fyra faktorer kunde uttydas ur materialet. Dessa var: beteende i sociala situationer, funktionell kommunikation, lingvistisk kunskap och receptiv förmåga samt röst. De fyra faktorerna förklarade 30,4% av variansen i materialet. Cronbachs alfa för alla 78 item var α = 0,76. Resultatet av denna studie är ett instrument i behov av ytterligare revidering och utveckling, främst med avseende på validering. / Working with communication is a key element in professional speech and language therapy. The aim of this study was to develop a self-report instrument that measures communicative ability, with a possibility to capture both positive and negative aspects of communication. The instrument was developed in accordance with classical measurement theory. A first evaluation of the instrument with 13 respondents was conducted. As a result the number of items, ie questions, was reduced from 133 to 78 and individual items were altered when needed. 254 respondents then answered the revised form on the internet. Four factors could be extracted from the material. These were: behavior in social situations, functional communication, linguistic skills and receptive skills plus voice. The four factors explained 30,4% of the variance within the material. Cronbach's alpha for all 78 items was α = 0,76. The result of this study is an instrument in need of further revision and development, primarily with respect to validation.

Objectives: The primary objective of this research was to inform the criterion validity of the single self-report depression screening question in the interRAI-Contact Assessment (CA) against the validated Depression Rating Scale (DRS) in the RAI-Home Care (HC) instrument. To achieve this objective, two overarching research questions were addressed: 1) What is the DRS cut-point best suited for the detection of a possible depressed mood state?; and 2) What are the consistencies in the prevalence rates of the CA’s single self-report depression question and the HC’s DRS detection measure? A secondary objective of this research was to explore the relationships of multiple depression-related outcomes with selected possible predictor variables to indirectly aid in the identification of a possible depressed mood state. Methods: Four datasets were obtained from the interRAI organization to inform this research. Three datasets, which house and concurrently administer both the self-report item and the DRS, were used to determine the best-suited DRS detection threshold through both univariate and bivariate analyses. The validity of the CA’s self-report item was informed through bivariate analyses with the HC’s DRS measure using the phi-correlation and the c statistic from the bivariate logistic regression model. Spearman and point biserial correlations and bivariate logistic regression modeling informed the relationships of the possible predictor variables with the depression-related outcomes. Results: The DRS one-plus threshold was determined to be the cut-point best-suited for the detection of a possible depressed mood state. Several predictor variables proved statistically significant but were not consistent across the three datasets. The CA’s single question did not evidence a strong association with the HC’s DRS measure. Conclusions: According to the resulting significance of the predictor variables, the experience and expression of depression across the three explored samples differ; the results from one sample cannot be generalized to explain the experience of the other samples. The DRS one-plus threshold is supported for the detection of a possible depressed mood state. However, the validity of the single self-report question in comparison to the DRS measure cannot be supported with the study’s results. However, due to recognized study limitations, the overall validity of the measure is not conclusive. Future research directions are recommended.

The effect of gender-neutral language in a survey designed to measure unwanted sexual experiences was examined. Methodological issues pertaining to survey design and significant variability in prevalence estimates of sexual violence demonstrate that further refinement of self-report instruments is necessary. As a variety of macrolevel forces influence individual behavior, the current study contends that coercive tactics used to obtain sex in mixed-gender interactions are normalized by the traditional heterosex script and conveyed through gender-specific language. Reference to respondents’ sexual partners in gender-neutral, as opposed to gender-specific terms, was hypothesized to result in more disclosure of sexually coercive victimization and perpetration experiences. Logistic regression analyses revealed no statistically significant differences in disclosure between language conditions. Null findings are interpreted with reference to the broader gender-neutral language literature and implications for future research are suggested.

The present study examined the relation between self-report mindfulness and performance on tasks measuring abilities for three aspects of attention: sustained, selective, and attention switching. Because attention regulation has been described as a core component of mindfulness, and past research suggests that experience with mindfulness meditation is associated with improved attentional skills, the present study predicted that higher self-report mindfulness would be positively related to performance on tasks of attention. Fifty undergraduate students completed self-report mindfulness questionnaires and completed a battery of attention tasks. There was mixed support for the relation between mindfulness scores and sustained attention, such that higher mindfulness scores as measured by the MAAS and CAMS-R were negatively related to target omissions on the CPT-II, but were not related to RT variability on the CPT-II or PASAT performance. Findings are discussed in the context of the measurement of self-report mindfulness, and directions for future research are considered.

Objectives: The primary objective of this research was to inform the criterion validity of the single self-report depression screening question in the interRAI-Contact Assessment (CA) against the validated Depression Rating Scale (DRS) in the RAI-Home Care (HC) instrument. To achieve this objective, two overarching research questions were addressed: 1) What is the DRS cut-point best suited for the detection of a possible depressed mood state?; and 2) What are the consistencies in the prevalence rates of the CA’s single self-report depression question and the HC’s DRS detection measure? A secondary objective of this research was to explore the relationships of multiple depression-related outcomes with selected possible predictor variables to indirectly aid in the identification of a possible depressed mood state. Methods: Four datasets were obtained from the interRAI organization to inform this research. Three datasets, which house and concurrently administer both the self-report item and the DRS, were used to determine the best-suited DRS detection threshold through both univariate and bivariate analyses. The validity of the CA’s self-report item was informed through bivariate analyses with the HC’s DRS measure using the phi-correlation and the c statistic from the bivariate logistic regression model. Spearman and point biserial correlations and bivariate logistic regression modeling informed the relationships of the possible predictor variables with the depression-related outcomes. Results: The DRS one-plus threshold was determined to be the cut-point best-suited for the detection of a possible depressed mood state. Several predictor variables proved statistically significant but were not consistent across the three datasets. The CA’s single question did not evidence a strong association with the HC’s DRS measure. Conclusions: According to the resulting significance of the predictor variables, the experience and expression of depression across the three explored samples differ; the results from one sample cannot be generalized to explain the experience of the other samples. The DRS one-plus threshold is supported for the detection of a possible depressed mood state. However, the validity of the single self-report question in comparison to the DRS measure cannot be supported with the study’s results. However, due to recognized study limitations, the overall validity of the measure is not conclusive. Future research directions are recommended.

Previous research has indicated that aggression is generally detrimental to performance in the occupational domain (Campbell, 1990; James et al., 2005; Sackett, 2002; Viswesvaran et al., 1999). In certain athletic contexts, however, aggression may serve to enhance performance at the team level. For this analysis, team-level aggression is hypothesized to be positively related to team performance in basketball. Aggression in this context is defined as "the desire to inflict harm on another individual, group, or entity" (James, 2005, p.71). Both implicit (CRT-A) and explicit (NEO-PI-R) aggression were measured, and team performance was represented primarily by team scores. The data demonstrate that team-level implicit aggression is significantly and positively related to team performance, however team-level explicit aggression does not have a significant relationship with team performance.

Because of the outcomes associated with employee turnover, few areas have been researched as extensively in the field of Industrial/Organizational Psychology (Cotton&Tuttle, 1986). Correlates and consequences of employee turnover have been widely examined, though less expansive research has been dedicated to identifying (and potentially screening) turnover prone candidates. To address this concern, the comparative utility of three personality measures for predicting voluntary turnover in law enforcement was assessed. Self-report predictor measures consisted of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, the most widely used instrument in this industry, and the Personality Research Form-E. The implicit personality measure for this investigation was the Conditional Reasoning Test for Aggression (James, 1998). In line with previous research (e.g., Hough, 1998), self-report job applicant scores indicated a defensive or self-presentation bias, whereas the CRT-A did not. Normative and comparative data for all predictor measures are presented to further knowledge for the researcher and practitioner. The importance of context, in this case the influence of the economy on attrition rates, is also discussed.

The effect of Socially Desirable Responding (SDR) and response distortion on personality and selection measures has been debated for decades (Edwards, 1957b; Messick&Jackson, 1961; Morgeson et al., 2007, Ones, Viswesvaran,&Reiss, 1996). One area of this broad topic that has received less attention over the years has been the effectiveness of the scales used to measure SDR when evidence of potential response distortion is present. Using a MANOVA, this study found significant differences between job candidate and incumbent responses on the scales of the 16PF (Cattell&Cattell, 1995), which can be indicative of SDR (Rosse et al., 1998). However, no difference between the groups was found on the Impression Management scale used to measure SDR. Differences based on the job function of the respondents were also explored.