Orientador: Heloisa Gagheggi Ravanini Gardon Gagliardo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T23:22:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Favilla_Marcela_M.pdf: 3194858 bytes, checksum: fd183ccd36001c11bd55adc90e043dfb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A institucionalização é considerada uma medida de proteção às crianças que se encontram em condição de risco e vulnerabilidade social. No entanto, o afastamento da família e as condições oferecidas pelos abrigos podem interferir no desenvolvimento físico e emocional saudável. Durante a primeira infância ocorre um intenso desenvolvimento de habilidades e aquisição de conhecimentos essenciais para os avanços desenvolvimentais. Considerando que nesse período, há significativa interação entre as características biológicas e as experiências ambientais, que intervirão no desenvolvimento da criança, este estudo teve por objetivo descrever o perfil de crianças institucionalizadas e o seu desenvolvimento. Para atender esse propósito, definiu-se como objetivos específicos: caracterizar as crianças; caracterizar o contexto institucional; e avaliar o desenvolvimento de crianças de 2 a 24 meses de idade. Delineou-se como estudo seccional e descritivo. Os sujeitos da pesquisa constituíram dois grupos: a) três coordenadores institucionais; b) 16 crianças na faixa etária entre 2 e 24 meses, de ambos os sexos, nascidas a termo ou pré-termo, e que estavam institucionalizadas em abrigos há mais de dois meses. Aos coordenadores institucionais foram aplicados dois questionários, elaborados especificamente para o estudo. O primeiro levantou dados referentes às características institucionais e o segundo sobre as características pessoais das crianças, complementado por consulta aos prontuários institucionais. Para avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil foi utilizado o roteiro da "Vigilância do desenvolvimento da criança de 2 meses a 2 anos de idade", proposto pelo Manual para Vigilância do Desenvolvimento Infantil no Contexto da Atenção Integrada das Doenças Prevalentes na Infância (AIDPI). Os dados levantados foram registrados em planilhas do programa Microsoft Excel, cujos resultados foram apresentados em tabelas e quadros. Os resultados mostraram que em relação às características pessoais das 16 crianças participantes, a média de idade foi de 10,38 meses, 62,5% era do sexo feminino e 68,8% era da cor branca. Muitas crianças apresentaram problemas de saúde ao nascer e no momento da coleta de dados. O principal motivo de institucionalização foi a violência doméstica (negligência) e grande parte das crianças estava institucionalizada desde o primeiro mês de vida. A maioria das crianças com problemas de saúde ao nascer eram filhas de mães usuárias de substância psicoativa durante a gestação ou prematuras. Verificou-se que todos os três abrigos eram compostos por uma equipe técnica multiprofissional e ofereciam atividades lúdicas de caráter pedagógico. O resultado da avaliação infantil apontou que 50% das crianças participantes apresentou possível atraso no desenvolvimento, sendo a linguagem a área com maior defasagem. Alerta para as crianças maiores de 12 meses, que foram as que apresentaram pior desempenho. Ao considerar o histórico pregresso e o contexto da criança institucionalizada, destaca-se a importância da qualidade do cuidado, a fim de minimizar os fatores de risco oferecidos pelo ambiente e contribuir para a promoção do seu desenvolvimento / Abstract: Institutionalization is considered a measure of protection to children who are in a vulnerable condition, however, the separation from family and the shelter¿s conditions may interfere with a child¿s healthy development. During infancy there is intense skill development and knowledge acquisition essential to developmental advances. During this period there is a significant interaction between biological characteristics and environmental experiences that impacts child development. This study aims to describe the institutionalized children profile and their development. In order to elaborate on this topic, specific objectives were established, such as: to characterize children; to characterize the institutional context; and to evaluate the child¿s development between ages 2 and 24 months old. It is outlined as a cross-sectional and descriptive study. The study consists of individuals in two groups: a) three institutional directors, and b) 16 institutionalized children aged between 2 and 24 months old. The first lifted data is from institutional characteristics and the second about the children¿s characteristics, complemented by checking their institutional files. The script of "Child Development Vigilance from 2 Months to 2 Years Old", proposed by the Manual for Child Development Vigilance in the Context of Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses was used to evaluate the children¿s development. The data collected was registered in Microsoft Excel, whose results were presented in tables and charts. The results showed that in relation to the personal characteristics of the 16 participating children, the average age was 10.38 months, 62.5% were female and 68.8% were caucasian. Many children had health problems at birth and at the time of data collection. The main reason for institutionalization was domestic violence (negligence) and most of the children were institutionalized since the first month of life. Most children with health problems at birth were children of psychoactive substance users during pregnancy or were premature. It was found that all the shelters were composed of a multidisciplinary technical team and offered ludic activities with pedagogical characteristics. The result of evaluation indicated that 50% of the participating children had possible developmental delay, with language being the area with greatest lag. Greatest risk was shown in children older than 12 months, who exhibited the worst performance. Considering the past history and the context of institutionalized child, this study highlights the importance of quality of care in order to minimize the risk factors provided by the environment and contribute to the promotion of development / Mestrado / Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação / Mestra em Saúde, Interdisciplinaridade e Reabilitação

En el Perú, la violencia, específicamente hacia las mujeres, se viene incrementando con el paso de los años, tal es así que, actualmente el país ocupa el tercer lugar a nivel mundial con más violencia de género y el segundo lugar en Latinoamérica (Organización Mundial de la Salud, 2016). Existen en Lima trece casas de refugio para mujeres de las cuarenta y seis que hay en el país (Centro de la Mujer Peruana “Flora Tristán”, 2016), pero lamentablemente su capacidad está en función a la infraestructura existente a la cual adaptaron el uso, más no a la cantidad de mujeres que necesitan ser albergadas. Al estar adaptadas, generalmente en viviendas unifamiliares, solo presentan ambientes de acogida y no brindan los servicios de salud necesarios que contribuyen a la recuperación y rehabilitación integral de las mujeres y niños. Por este motivo, el Centro de Rehabilitación Integral para Mujeres y Familias Vulnerables en Villa El Salvador plantea un lugar de acogida con múltiples servicios de salud, capacitación y albergue, entre otros, con el fin de contribuir a la rehabilitación de las mujeres, y reinsertarlas a la sociedad. / In Peru, violence, specifically against women, has been increasing over the years, up to the point that it is currently ranked third place worldwide and second place in Latin America as the country with the most gender violence (World Health Organization, 2016). There are thirteen shelter houses for women in Lima out of 46 that exist in the country as a whole (Center for Peruvian Women “Flora Tristán”, 2016). Unfortunately, their capacity depends on that of the existing infrastructure which was adapted for this new function, and is not tailored for the number of women that need to be sheltered. This adapted buildings are mostly single family houses that only have reception environments and do not provide the necessary health services that contribute to the recovery and integral rehabilitation of women and children. For this reason, the center for integral rehabilitation for women and vulnerable families in Villa El Salvador district proposes a welcoming place with multiple health, training, and shelter services, in order to contribute to their recovery and reintegration to society. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

El proyecto Complejo veterinario para animales menores en La Molina, se desarrolla ante la falta de una infraestructura adecuada para la atención y tratamiento de animales domésticos en la ciudad de Lima. Tiene como finalidad mostrar un prototipo de complejo veterinario que pueda satisfacer las necesidades del cliente y de su mascota. El proyecto tiene un énfasis en permeabilidad lo cual muestra la importancia de que al tener mascotas como usuarios junto con sus dueños, estos no deben sentirse “prisioneros” sino más bien, tener el mayor contacto posible con áreas verdes para su recreación. El programa está organizado según necesidades y flujos: Lo público se encuentra al frente del proyecto y lo semipúblico en la parte posterior. Consta de cinco paquetes funcionales: Clínica veterinaria, Centro de adopción, Hospedaje para mascotas, SUM o zona de adiestramiento y el paquete de servicios ubicado en el sótano. / The Veterinary Complex for minor animals project in La Molina is developed due to the lack of an adequate infrastructure for the care and treatment of domestic animals in the city of Lima. Its purpose is to show a prototype of a veterinary complex that can meet the needs of the client and their pet. The project has an emphasis on permeability which shows the importance of having pets as users together with their owners, they should not feel "prisoners" but rather, have as much contact as possible with green areas for recreation. The program is organized according to needs and flows: The public is at the front of the project and the semi-public at the back. It consists of five functional packages: Veterinary Clinic, Adoption Center, Pet Lodging, SUM or training area and the service package located in the basement. / Trabajo de investigación

This thesis presents a research effort aimed at developing using construction methods and techniques in army tactical shelter. The beginning step focuses on developing and identifying different activities and work breakdown structure applicable in shelter prototype. The next step focuses on identifying resource allocation. This include allocate resources based on the delivered project as per alternative one and for the second alternative as optimization, resource allocation modified and tried to level and minimize resource peak. In addition, the cost calculated for the whole project as well as for each WBS and activities which consider as alternative one and in the second alternative, cost mitigation applied according to available resources and adjusting predecessors and successors of each activity. In conclusion, two alternatives compared, available outcome presents, and future work suggested for the project team to continue this effort.

The master thesis "Needs of families in the shelter and possibilities of social work with family" is divided into theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part consists of six chapters which answer the basic questions of the issue. Specifically, it defines the term homelessness, its types and causes. The next chapter is devoted to the concept of family, its function and manifestation in postmodern society. The following chapter explains family cohabitation disorders, in particular family with a substance abusing member, incomplete family, family abusing and neglecting their children, family at risk of domestic violence, family with a sentenced member, family with a mentally ill adult member, family with a problematic child, family with a disabled child, and family with multiple issues. Description of shelter (especially shelter for families with children), its legal definition, and shelter network in the Czech Republic is another integral component of the theoretical part. The theoretical part is concluded with description of possibilities of social work with family in a shelter. The empirical part contains results of interviews and focus groups. The interviews were carried out with clients of the shelter for families with children in Horní Počernice. Employees of the shelter Horní Počernice...

Die Verkleinerung der modernen Temperatursensoren ermöglicht die Volumenreduzierung der bisher angewandten Stevenson-Wetterhütten. Insbesondere bei automatischen Stationen finden wir wesentlich kleinere Strahlungsschutzeinrichtungen. Langjährige Beobachtungsreihen sind nicht mehr vergleichbar und müssen angepaßt werden. Es werden Einzelwertabweichungen für Temperaturen von mehr als 1 K genannt. Zur Lösung dieses Problems sind Vergleichsuntersuchungen und Anpassungsrechnungen erforderlich. / The minimisation of modern temperature sensors allows to reduce the volume ofthe up to now used Stevenson screens. Especially for automatic stations we found essential smaller radiationshields. Temperature observations of many years arc incomperable and had to be adapted. Errors of more as 1 K for single temperatures are mentioned. For the solution of this problem comparisons and adaptations are necessary.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur kvinnojourspersonal arbetar med barn som lever på skyddat boende samt hur de uppfattar att arbetet fungerar i praktiken. Studien utgick ifrån barnperspektivet som teoretisk tolkningsram. Data samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med kvinnojourspersonal som arbetar på skyddat boende. Materialet analyserades därefter med hjälp av tematisk analys. Sammantaget visade resultatet att arbetet med barnen som lever på skyddat boende ser väldigt olika ut. Viktiga arbetsområden visade sig vara miljön på boendet, att erbjuda olika typer av samtalsstöd, att stötta mammorna och att bedriva någon form av pedagogisk verksamhet. Andra delar i arbetet med barnen som personalen upplevde vara mindre fungerande var samverkan med socialtjänst och skola, resursbrist och inkluderande av förövaren i form av vårdnad- och umgängesfrågor. / Every year thousands of children are forced to flee their homes to women’s shelters due to domestic violence. This study aimed to explore how staff at women’s shelters work with the children. The aim was also to explore the workers experiences of the work with the children at the shelter. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight workers at different women’s shelters in Sweden. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. The results showed that the environment at the shelter, supporting the mothers, pedagogic activities and counseling are important aspects of the work with the children. The staff also raised some barriers in the work with the children at the women’s shelters, such as cooperation with social services and the children's schools, lack of resources and inclusion of the perpetrator in terms of contact and custody.

No description available.

<p>Small modular reactors (SMRs) are expected as a suitable candidate to fulfill energy needs in the future. The regulation of the emergency planning zone (EPZ) has been a controversial issue. The possibility of smaller EPZs because of their small core size and passive safety functions is still under discussion. The major emergency responses to radiological incidents in the early phase are evacuation from the area and shelter-in-place within a building. Comparison between the dose incurred during evacuation and that with shelter-in-place is necessary to consider the proper protective actions. The effect of shelter-in-place from small modular reactor hypothetical accident was studied. The source term came from a long-term station blackout (LTSBO) and loss of cooling accident (LOCA), and the time change of air concentration and the ground deposition data through the atmospheric spread around the plant was calculated with Radiological Assessment System for Consequence Analysis (RASCAL), a software developed by United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) to provide dose projection around the plant. Then general one-story and two-story houses were set up, and 6 wall materials were selected for calculating indoor doses. Cloudshine and groundshine were calculated with Monte Carlo methods. In addition, the conservation of mass, air flow model was established to evaluate the inhalation for sheltered cases. The shielding function of each house for each pathway was evaluated by comparing the indoor dose with outdoor dose. The projected dose for sheltered cases was much smaller than that for unsheltered cases. Even though the projected dose will not completely perish, it was quite effective to reduce radiation exposure and can be superior to evacuation. The result will be a basis for calculating the radiological dose for sheltered cases in case of nuclear emergency for SMRs, which will be valuable to have a more effective emergency planning.</p>

Homelessness has been a problem in New York City (NYC) for decades. Part of the problem is children who grew up in the shelter system and then returned as adults, a phenomenon known as 2nd-generation homelessness. Literature indicates that no researchers have interviewed second-generation homeless adults about their experiences. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of 2nd-generation homelessness from the perspective of homeless adults returning to the shelter system. The sample included 1 second-generation homeless adult and 10 case managers at Tier II homeless shelters. Interviews were conducted and data were analyzed using hand coding to uncover themes amongst the interviews. The themes found were: lack of information and resources, generational homelessness is passed down, people should learn from their parents' mistakes, comfort in the homeless shelter system, money, parental abuse and neglect, the role of the case manager, taking advantage of the shelter system, and mental health. The other topics that were discussed on multiple occasions but did not fit into larger categories are: education, drugs and alcohol, lack of family assistance, and activities of daily living. Findings from this study inform social change by indicating a clear need for input from homeless families and case managers when developing interventions to address second-generation homelessness. Future policymakers should include staff and clients when developing ways to address homelessness in New York City. The views and opinions expressed in this manuscript reflect the personal views of the researcher and interviewees; they do not represent the views of NYC Department of Homeless Services or its providers.