Cities are concentrations of diverse populations that undergo continual transformation over time. This thesis deals with the question, how does the individual make place in a constantly changing environment? The entry point for this study was looking at neglected places in urban environments. I looked specifically at the Don River Valley in Toronto, Ontario and how it has developed as an open-ended and complex system. The site research is presented through a series of stories describing specific events or places in the Don Valley that have taken place over the past 200 years. This thesis offers a mongrel approach to design for a site within the Don Valley. “The Mongrel Approach” is an opportunistic way of building that is committed to survival and open as to how this can be achieved. The design proposes a series of intimate yet public infrastructural devices; a toilet, water fountain, shelter and bridge that are presented in a set of hand drawings as well as through an “Explanatory Tale.” A magpie narrates this short story, which is part true, part fiction and part wishful thinking. As the earth’s population becomes more urban than rural and increasingly mobile, contemporary cities are becoming home to a diverse range of individuals with complex and layered identities. The Mongrel Approach offers a way of building that can handle difference and contradiction and accommodate incongruous or inharmonious parts. It positions the designer as a conjurer or first mover. This thesis proposes Mongrel buildings that respond to change by transforming slowly and incrementally over time with the involvement of multiple authors; but at each moment, a register of time and human ritual.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of Toronto, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 274-312).

Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-122) and index.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-122) and index.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-122) and index.

Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Primärvårdsjourens personal bistår hälsocentralernas patienter vid behov av såromläggningar när hälsocentralerna är stängda under helger samt helgdagar. Patienterna blir främst bokade för såromläggning från sin egen hälsocentral till primärvårdsjour. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa patienters upplevelse av såromläggningar på primärvårdsjour Metod: Som metod användes induktiv kvalitativ ansats där både enkäter och telefonintervjuer användes. Enkäterna besvarades av patienter som kom på bokade besök för såromläggningar på primärvårdsjouren. Intervjuerna genomfördes med semistrukturerade telefonintervjuer. Enkäterna och intervjuerna analyserades med manifest kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Vid analysen av enkäterna och intervjuerna framkom följande kategorier; Utförande och förbandsmaterial samt vårdmötet på Primärvårdsjour. Patienterna var nöjda med bemötandet från vårdpersonalen på primärvårdsjouren, vårdpersonalen ansågs trevlig professionell och effektiv vid såromläggningarna. Väntetiden beskrevs av patienterna som obefintlig eller minimal.  Även om såromläggningarna upplevdes olika av patienterna mellan primärvårdsjouren och patientens hälsocentral var patienterna nöjda med sina såromläggningar på primärvårdsjour. Patienterna upplevde en stor tacksamhet att få hjälp att lägga om sina sår på primärvårdsjouren. Slutsats: Patienterna upplevde sig bli väl bemötta på primärvårdsjouren. Väntetiderna upplevdes som minimala eller obefintliga. Utförandet av såromläggningarna på primärvårdsjouren upplevdes som mera tidseffektivt utförda och förbanden applicerades bättre i jämförelse med andra vårdenheter, enligt patienternas utsagor / Abstract Background: The personal at primary shelter assist all primary care centers patients when they need with wound dressing care during the weekends when their own primary care center is closed. The patients are booked by their primary care center to the primary shelter. Purpose: The purpose was to illuminate the patient’s experience of wound care dressing at primary shelter.  Method: An inductive qualitative method was used. Both questionnaires and telephone interviews was made. Questionnaires were answered by the patients who came to primary shelter for wound care dressing. The interviews were performed by semi structured telephone interviews. The questionnaires and interviews were analyzed with manifested qualitative content analysis.  Results: At the analyzing of results there were categories that was obtained as execution and dressings and care meeting on the primary care center. The patient were pleased with the treatment from the personal at the primary shelter, the personal was considered nice, professional and efficient during the wounds dressing. Time of waiting describes by the patients as minimal or no waiting at all. The experience of wounds dressing was different among the patients of their experience between their primary care center and the primary shelter was the patient pleased by their experience on the primary shelters operation with the wounds dressing. The patients experienced a great attitude towards the primary shelter. Conclusion: Patients experience being well treated at the primary care emergency service. The waiting times are perceived as minimal or non-existent. The performance of wound dressings at the primary care emergency service was perceived as more time-efficiently performed and the dressings were applied better in comparison to other care units, according to the patients' statements.

En 1724, le chapitre d’Utrecht rompait définitivement avec Rome en se dotant d’une hiérarchie propre. Or précisément au même moment, les persécutions anti-jansénistes augmentaient en France, particulièrement contre les religieux. Depuis longtemps cette Église entretenait des liens avec les milieux port-royalistes et elle devint rapidement et logiquement le lieu où l’on pouvait envoyer ces religieux à couvert des persécutions. La naissance et les premières péripéties de ce refuge, créé dans l’urgence, sont l’objet particulier de notre étude. Les jansénistes français mirent rapidement tous leurs espoirs dans l’Église d’Utrecht, celle ci devant servir de modèle à une Église universelle obscurcie. Mais très vite les rêves et les espoirs se sont heurtés à une réalité bien moins reluisante. Les difficultés rencontrées furent multiples et les divisions croisées à divers niveaux, dans l’Église de Hollande ou dans les communautés, en France ou aux Provinces-Unies, individuellement ou en groupe, jusqu’à rendre la situation inextricable. Ces difficultés compromirent l’avenir de ce refuge mais aussi de l’Église d’Utrecht jusqu’à ce que l’interaction France-Hollande diminue sous l’épiscopat de Meindaerts (1739-1767), amenant l’apaisement. / In 1724, the chapter of Utrecht consecrated its own bishop, thus breaking up for good with Rome. And strikingly enough, at the same time in France, jansenists were increasingly persecuted, especially in congregations. The Dutch clergy of Utrecht has for long maintained close links with French jansenism circles so that it became naturally and quickly the best place to shelter these oppressed monks. The various episodes, including the genesis of this makeshift church, shall retain our attention and be the main topic of our study. French jansenists soon relied upon this new independent church which was expected to provide a good example for Rome to follow. Yet, pretty soon, all their dreams and hopes vanished and melted away as they faced reality. Division, added to several difficulties arose on different levels, be it in the Dutch Church, in communities, in France or in the United Provinces, and consequently aggravated the situation. Those latter hindrances threatened not only the existence and the future of the refuge but also compromised the Utrecht Church. However, the episcopate of Meindaerts (1739-1767) brought about relief and comfort.

Além de separar claramente os papéis de instituições voltadas ao acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes enquanto medida de proteção (abrigos) e os de instituições voltadas ao cumprimento de medidas sócio-educativas, o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA,1990) propõe novas diretrizes para o acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes que ainda estão longe de serem completamente implementadas por todas as instituições brasileiras. Esta pesquisa analisa o contexto institucional, rotinas, práticas cotidianas e estrutura física de dois abrigos voltados ao acolhimento de adolescentes do município de Porto Alegre – um governamental e uma ONG – com o objetivo de identificar possíveis diversidades nas práticas destas instituições e avaliar se esses ambientes de abrigo estão oferecendo um espaço referencial e reorganizador para os abrigados. A pesquisa investiga também se estes ‘novos’ ambientes estão conseguindo oferecer um espaço continente e de ressignificação das experiências traumáticas anteriores que levaram à situação de abrigamento, reconhecendo quais práticas se distinguem das executadas nas grandes instituições. A pesquisa segue uma metodologia qualitativa, de caráter descritivo, denominada ‘descrição de cunho etnográfico’. Para a análise dos dados, utilizou-se o método de Análise de Conteúdo das narrativas dos adolescentes e adultos entrevistados. Os resultados apontam para a importância de um acolhimento personalizado e em pequenas unidades onde é possível oferecer um acolhimento mais continente ao processo adolescente, e o reconhecimento da importância dos adultos cuidadores, especialmente monitores, como pessoas significativas para os adolescentes. Ainda em relação ao importante papel dos monitores, a pesquisa levanta vários questionamentos em relação aos papéis atribuídos a estes monitores e sobre as dificuldades no atendimento quando ao invés de serem cuidadores, no sentido mais amplo da palavra, esses adultos se tornam apenas pessoas destinadas a controlar e monitorar a vida dos abrigados. A pesquisa investiga ainda a intricada relação entre o caráter provisório da medida de proteção, preconizada pelo ECA, e a necessidade do estabelecimento de vínculos entre cuidadores e abrigados e de realizar um trabalho de médio e longo prazo, visando ressignificar suas histórias. / In addition to clearly separating the roles of institutions oriented towards the protection of children and adolescents between those which serve as measures of protection (shelters) and those of a social-educative orientation, the Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA, 1990) proposes new directives for sheltering children and adolescents, although, as of the present date, not all Brazilian institutions have fully implemented these guidelines. This current research analyses the institutional context, routines, daily practices and physical structures of two shelters that receive children and adolescents in the town of Porto Alegre – one governmental and the other non-governmental (NGO) – with the principal goal of identifying possible differences between the practices of these two institutions and evaluating if these shelter environments are offering referential and reorganising spaces to the sheltered. This research also investigates whether these ‘new’ environments are offering a continent space, capable of promoting resignification of the previous traumatic experiences that lead to sheltering, whilst identifying the practices which are distinct from those conducted at large institutions. The research follows a descriptive, qualitative methodology, called 'description of an ethnographic nature', based on the Content Analysis method of the narratives of interviewed adults and adolescents. The results point towards the importance of both personalised attendance and the use of small units, where it is possible to offer a more continent holding of the adolescent process, and shows the importance of the caring adults, especially the monitors, as meaningful figures to the adolescents. With respect to the important role of the monitors, this research raises several questions related to the roles attributed to these monitors and to the difficulties observed when, instead of taking care of the adolescents, the monitors are focus purely on the control and observation of the sheltered ones lives. This research also investigates the intricate relationship between the provisory nature of the measure of protection, as praised by ECA, and the need to establish bonds between the carers and the sheltered, as well as the necessity of a medium and long-term continuation of the holding process, as a means of permitting a resignification of the sheltered-one’s life stories.

A presente dissertação analisa narrativas de jovens que estiveram abrigados numa instituição pública, entre os anos de 1992 a 2001 e problematiza as práticas de Assistência em Abrigos. Este período foi marcado pela transição entre o Código de Menores e o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), quando várias ações foram propostas para mudanças nas instituições de abrigagem. Nesse sentido, a permanência de crianças e adolescentes em abrigos suscita discussões entre os operadores de direitos. Através do método da história oral, realizei entrevistas com três jovens, que falam sobre suas experiências com a abrigagem. As narrativas destes jovens são a via escolhida para analisar práticas que constituíam a proteção especial em abrigos naquele período, as formas como os jovens experimentaram a passagem por abrigos e as condições de subjetivação de jovens abrigados. Além das narrativas, considerei registros de documentos, de reportagens de jornais, relatórios de conferências sobre as políticas de assistência no país. Valendo-me do referencial teórico foucaultiano, analiso as relações de poder que estão presentes nestas práticas, capazes de produzir subjetividades, que se pautam por lógicas que não apenas dividem, excluem, mas também incluem jovens nas estatísticas da criminalização, da marginalização e da vulnerabilidade. Constatamos no abrigo a existência de políticas antagônicas e divergentes no atendimento aquela população. As marcas da institucionalização e a transitoriedade habitam suas vidas, possuem dificuldades de concluir ou fixar-se em atividades, em construir histórias diferentes das prescritas nas experiências de abrigados. O período de transição do Código de Menores para o ECA na proteção em abrigos apresenta marcas de uma política pública fragmentada, com dificuldade de articular-se tanto no processo de ingresso, como de saída destes jovens do abrigo. / The present dissertation examines the narratives of young people who were housed in a public institution, from 1992 to 2001 and discusses the practice of assistance in shelters. This period was marked by the transition between the Code of Children and the Statute of the Child and Adolescent, when several actions were proposed for changes in the shelters. In this sense, the permanence of children and adolescents in shelters enables discussions among the operators of rights. Using the method of oral interviews with three youngsters about their history, they talk about their experiences in shelters. The narratives of these young people was the chosen method to analyze practices that constitute the special protection in shelters during that period, the ways in which young people experience the passage through shelters and the conditions of subjectivity of the sheltered youngsters. Besides the narratives, I have considered records from registries of documents, newspapers reports, conferences reports on the policies in the country. Using the Foucaultian theoretical referential, I analyze the power in relationships that is present in these practices, able to produce subjectivities that are governed by logic, which not only divide, exclude, but also include young people in the statistics of criminalization, marginalization and vulnerability. We found the existence of divergent and antagonistic policy in attendance to that population in the shelter. The marks of institutionalization and the transitory lives they live, having difficulties in completing or setting up activities, to build different stories from those prescribed for the sheltered. The transition period between the Code of the Minor to the Child and Adolescent Statute in the protection in shelters presents marks of a fragmented public policy, with difficulties related to the joining and the leaving of young people.

Submitted by PPGE PPGE (pgedu@ufba.br) on 2017-01-24T13:24:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final completo paginas iniciais.pdf: 2985674 bytes, checksum: 322b39cd8191e45812cfa60874f34803 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2017-01-25T19:49:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final completo paginas iniciais.pdf: 2985674 bytes, checksum: 322b39cd8191e45812cfa60874f34803 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-25T19:49:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final completo paginas iniciais.pdf: 2985674 bytes, checksum: 322b39cd8191e45812cfa60874f34803 (MD5) / O objetivo desta tese é o de estabelecer relações entre as circunstâncias sócio-históricas que envolvem a criação dos internatos para menores na Bahia – a Escola Profissional de Menores (EPM) e o Instituto de Preservação e Reforma (IPR) – no contexto da política educacional vivenciada no período demarcado entre 1933 e 1949. No aspecto metodológico, trata-se de um estudo inscrito no campo da história da educação, na perspectiva de pesquisa das “instituições escolares”, que se utiliza de elementos da cultura escolar como categoria analítica do cotidiano das instituições estudadas. Evidencia-se que a inauguração da política do menor, mesmo que respaldada pelo Código de Menores desde 1927, só se inicia na Bahia a partir de 1933 com as mudanças de gestão do Estado impostas após a Revolução de 1930. Em meio à expansão da educação pública num período de tantas transformações de ordem política, social, cultural e econômica, os internatos para menores não integraram a rede pública de educação ainda que aparecessem no discurso oficial como escolas especializadas. Conclui-se que, sempre vinculados à segurança pública, na Bahia essas instituições desenvolveram uma pedagogia correcional própria que reproduziu os valores autoritários vigentes durante o Governo Provisório de Vargas e o Regime do Estado Novo. Portanto, atravessando o período conhecido como Era Vargas, seja como EPM ou IPR, a educação para preservação e reforma de menores na Bahia foi conhecida por políticos e intelectuais que pouco contribuíram para que a sua clientela superasse a invisibilidade imposta à sua condição forjada como em “erro social”. Palavras- / ABSTRACT This dissertation aims to establish a relationship between the 1933 to 1949 socio-historical, political and educational contexts that surround the Bahia Children’s Shelter-Escola Professional de Menores, and the Instituto de Preservacao e Reforma (IPR). The research examines social, cultural, historical and political contexts that influenced the daily education approaches implemented at the children’s shelter as unlawful and misdirected “socializing” efforts. This research suggests that the innumerable far reaching educational reforms mandated in the 1927 Minor’s Code which included “specialize schools” and the emergence of the menores politic of the 1930 Revolution were ignored at the Bahia Children’s Shelter. Instead, the Bahia Children’s Center continued an authoritarian pedagogy representative of the Interim Government of Vargas as EPM or IPR. Hence, an educational approach that imposed “invisibility” and forge the “social mistake” milieu.