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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

Fabrication and investigate the physical model with tungsten-based oxide resistance random access memory

Hung, Ya-Chi 13 July 2011 (has links)
In recent years, the conventional Flash memory with floating structure is expected to reach physical limits as devices scaling down in near future. In order to overcome this problem, alternative memory technologies have been widely investigated. And the resistance random access memory (RRAM) has attracted extensive attention for the application in next generation nonvolatile memory, due to the excellent memory property including lower consumption of energy, lower operating voltage, higher density, fast operating speed, simple structure, higher endurance, retention and process compatibility with CMOS. In this study, the tungsten-based oxide is chosen as RRAM switching layer because the tungsten is compatible with the present complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. The Pt/WOX/TiN structure device cells had the resistance switching property successfully. However, the experiment result revealed the inferior resistance switching property. The resistance switching characteristic of the WOX thin film is extremely unstable, it is impossible to become the products. Compared with WOX, the resistance switching property of WSiOX RRAM device is improved substantially such as stability of resistance states and reliability of device. In second parts, we purposed two methods to enhance the device switching characteristic, including controlling the filament formation/ interruption in the W doped SiOX layer and restricting oxygen movement in the WSiON layer. Finally, the transport mechanisms of carrier is analyzed and researched from the current-voltage (I-V) switching characteristic of the device. A designed circuit was used in this study to accurately observe the resistance switching process with a pulse generator and oscilloscope, which reveals that the switching process is related to both time and voltage. The oxygen movement will drift in the low temperature due to the electrical field and restricted the crystal lattice vibration. But, it will diffuse through thermal dynamics in the high temperature.
42

Thermodynamische und kinetische Untersuchungen der Reaktivität von Nickelsiliciden im System Ni-Si-Cl-H

Acker, Jörg 24 November 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Übergangsmetallsilicide, die geringe Mengen Chlor enthalten, dienen als Modellverbindungen für Katalysatoren in der technischen Siliciumchemie. Bei der Umsetzung von Nickelsiliciden mit NiCl2 entstehen solche chlorhaltigen Silicide. Die erhaltenen Verbindungen wurden chemisch, strukturell und spektroskopisch charakterisiert und thermodynamisch modelliert. Aus kinetischen und thermodynamischen Untersuchungen der Gesamtreaktion sowie der ablaufenden Teilreaktionen, wird ein Modell über den Reaktionsverlauf abgeleitet. Die Bildung chlorhaltiger Nickelsilicide verläuft über gekoppelte Gas-Fest- und Fest-Fest-Reaktionen, in denen metastabile, intermediäre chlorreiche Phasen entstehen. Rückschlüsse auf die technisch relevanten Prozesse werden gezogen.
43

Reaktionen im System Metall-Silicium-Chlor-Wasserstoff unter dem Gesichtspunkt der heterogenen Katalyse

Köther-Becker, Sven 05 August 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Die Hydrodehalogenierung von Siliciumtetrachlorid zu Trichlorsilan läuft bei moderaten Temperaturen von 700°C bis 900°C nur in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren mit hinreichender Geschwindigkeit ab. Die 5d- ÜM- Silicide sowie die unter den Reaktionsbedingungen stabilen Chloride der Erdalkalimetalle katalysieren selektiv die Hydrierung von SiCl4 zu HSiCl3. Ein erweitertes Katalysemodell mit Elektronentransferschritten innerhalb der festen Reaktionsschicht wurde postuliert. Voraussetzung dafür ist eine elektrische Leitfähigkeit in der quaternären M- Si- Cl- H- Reaktionsschicht. Dazu wurde die heterogene Bildung von ÜM- Siliciden unter einer H2/SiCl4-Atmosphäre mittels Widerstandsmessungen verfolgt. Die Aktivierungsenergie der Bildungsreaktion korreliert mit der Metallbindungsstärke. Eine Klassifizierung der Wachstumsmechanismen der ersten Silicidphase bezüglich Insel- oder Schichtwachstum ist möglich. Weiterhin ist die Abscheidung und Lösung von Silicium aus einer H2/SiCl4-Gasphase durch eine Metallchloridmatrix untersucht und die quaternäre M- Si- Cl- H- Mischphase chemisch, strukturell und thermodynamisch charakterisiert worden.
44

Strukturuntersuchungen von Chromdisilicid - Schichten

Henning, Anke 11 April 2002 (has links) (PDF)
CrSi2 ist eines der wenigen halbleitenden Silicide. Wegen seiner hohen thermischen und chemischen Stabilität ist es einerseits für thermoelektrische Anwendungen geeignet, andererseits kommt es auch für photovoltaische und mikro-elektronische Applikationen in Frage. Vorraussetzung ist oftmals eine definierte Silizium(001)-Silicid Grenzfläche. Aus diesem Grunde wurden dünne CrSi2-Schichten in einer MBE-Anlage unter UHV-Bedingungen auf n-Si(001) Substrat gewachsen. Die sich ergebene Schichtmorphologie wurde in Abhängigkeit von unterschiedlichen Herstellungsparametern mittels TEM und REM untersucht. Des weiteren wurden die Schichten mit Hilfe von Elektronen- und Röntgenbeugung hinsichtlich bevorzugt auftretender Epitaxiebeziehungen charakterisiert.
45

TEM-Untersuchungen an Silicidschichten

Schubert, Andreas 01 December 2005 (has links) (PDF)
In dieser Arbeit wurden Ni-Si-Ga-Schichten mit Hilfe der Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie charakterisiert.
46

Einfluss von Legierungselementen auf die Phasenbildung im System Co-Si

Händel, Frank 24 March 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Im Rahmen dieser Diplomarbeit erfolgte die Charakterisierung von dünnen Co-Al-Si-Schichten durch elektrische Messungen, RBS, REM, TEM, AES, MOKE sowie temperaturabhängige Messungen des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstandes. Es wurde die Phasenbildung in diesem ternären System und die Beeinträchtigung der Phasenbildung im System Co-Si in Abhängigkeit des Al-Gehaltes betrachtet. Die Co-Al-Schichten wurden duch Magnetronsputtern auf Si(001)-Substraten abgeschieden und im Temperaturbereich von 500°C bis 900°C getempert (30s).
47

Nickel Silicide Contact for Copper Plated Silicon Solar Cells

January 2016 (has links)
abstract: Nickel-Copper metallization for silicon solar cells offers a cost effective alternative to traditional screen printed silver paste technology. The main objective of this work is to study the formation of nickel silicide contacts with and without native silicon dioxide SiO2. The effect of native SiO2 on the silicide formation has been studied using Raman spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and sheet resistance measurements which shows that SiO 2 acts as a diffusion barrier for silicidation at low temperatures of 350°C. At 400°C the presence of SiO2 results in the increased formation of nickel mono-silicide phase with reduced thickness when compared to samples without any native oxide. Pre and post-anneal measurements of Suns Voc, photoluminescence and Illuminated lock in thermography show effect of annealing on electrical characteristics of the device. The presence of native oxide is found to prevent degradation of the solar cells when compared to cells without any native oxide. A process flow for fabricating silicon solar cells using light induced plating of nickel and copper with and without native oxide (SiO2) has been developed and cell results for devices fabricated on 156mm wafers have been discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Materials Science and Engineering 2016
48

Caracterização química, física e isotópica de Usub(3)Sisub(2) para fins forenses nucleares / Chemical, physical and isotopic characterization of Usub(3)Sisub(2) for nuclear forensics purposes

ROSA, DANIELE S. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:34:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
49

Caracterização química, física e isotópica de Usub(3)Sisub(2) para fins forenses nucleares / Chemical, physical and isotopic characterization of Usub(3)Sisub(2) for nuclear forensics purposes

ROSA, DANIELE S. 09 October 2014 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:34:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:10:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / No início dos anos 90, os primeiros indícios do tráfico ilícito de materiais nucleares e radioativos foram observados principalmente na região européia. Uma década marcada por inúmeros casos de apreensão desse tipo de material. Como resultado, esses atos passaram a ser alvo de investigações criminais forenses, desenvolvendo-se a partir daí, a ciência forense nuclear. No Brasil não há registros oficiais do tráfico ilícito de material nuclear, entretanto, é amplamente conhecida a extração e o transporte ilegal de materiais geológicos radioativos, assim como a apreensão de fragmentos de materiais utilizados como blindagem de fontes radioativas. Uma das principais ferramentas utilizadas na ciência forense nuclear consiste no estabelecimento de bancos de dados de materiais nucleares. Esses documentos devem conter o maior número possível de informações sobre as características físicas, químicas e nucleares do material apreendido, permitindo a identificação de sua origem, processo de fabricação ou mesmo a idade (age). Assim, se estabelecem padrões de composição característicos de cada material, denominados assinaturas químicas (chemical finger print). Nesse trabalho foi adotado o protocolo forense nuclear seguindo as três etapas de avaliação sugeridas pela Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (AIEA) na identificação da origem de Siliceto de urânio (U3Si2). Realizaram-se ensaios de caracterização física, química e isotópica dos materiais em estudo e compararam-se os dados com aqueles obtidos para outros compostos de urânio (Tetrafluoreto de urânio, UF4; óxidos de urânio, UO2 e U3O8; tricarbonato de amônio e uranila, TCAU) estabelecendo-se uma assinatura característica para cada um. A partir dos resultados foi possível classificar os compostos por grupos de origem, uma vez que são provenientes de diferentes processos de fabricação e/ ou origem. Demonstrou-se também a importância da criação e manutenção de um banco de dados nuclear na investigação de um evento forense nuclear. / Dissertação (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
50

Germanosiliciuration à base de Ni et d’alliage Ni1-xPtx pour le p-MOS 14 nm FDSOI / Ni and Ni1-xPtx based germanosilicidation for the development of p-MOS 14 nm FDSOI

Bourjot, Emilie 02 February 2015 (has links)
Pour le développement des nœuds technologiques 14 nm et en-deçà, la technologie planaire Fully Depleted Silicon-On-Isolator implémente des sources et drains (S&D) en Si1-xGex épitaxiés pour augmenter la mobilité des trous par induction d'une contrainte compressive dans le canal p-MOS. Le procédé de siliciuration auto-alignée est utilisé pour contacter les S&D avant le dépôt du diélectrique du premier niveau de contact. Cependant, le procédé de germanosiliciuration des S&D reste un défi majeur. En effet, le germanosiliciure de Ni souffre de la partition de Ge et de l'agglomération du film dès 400 °C qui dégradent irréversiblement les performances du transistor. La stabilité morphologique des siliciures de Ni a été considérablement améliorée par l'utilisation d'un alliage Ni1-yPty sur Si. Cependant, pour le système quaternaire Ni-Pt-Si-Ge, ainsi que pour les films ultra-minces de Ni ou Ni1-yPty à fort taux de Pt (> 10 at.%), les réactions à l'état solide sont complexes et leurs études restent rares. Dans ce travail, nous proposons une étude comparative des systèmes Ni/Si0,7Ge0,3 et NiPt(15 at.%)/Si0,7Ge0,3. La discussion est centrée sur les mécanismes de formation et de dégradation intervenant pendant la réaction Ni/Si0,7Ge0,3. Puis, l'impact du Pt sur la séquence de phase et la dégradation a été identifié. Finalement, la comparaison de ces réactions réalisées sur pleine plaque et dans des motifs a permis d'extraire l'impact du confinement. Afin de caractériser ces films très fins, la sonde atomique tomographique a été utilisée pour étudier la redistribution des éléments, ainsi que la diffraction des rayons X pour identifier la phase en présence et la texture du film. / For 14 nm node and beyond, planar Fully Depleted Silicon-On-Isolator (FDSOI) CMOS of STMicroelectronics implements Si1-xGex epitaxial layers in source/drain (S&D) areas to enhance the hole mobility by inducing a compressive stress in the pMOS channel. Salicide process is preformed to contact S&D prior pre-metal dielectric deposition. However, the Nickel based germanosilicidation of S&D remains more than ever a critical challenge. Indeed, Nickel germanosilicide suffers from Ge out-diffusion and film agglomeration from 400 °C which both degrade irreversibly transistor performances. Morphological stability of Ni based silicide has been considerably improved by using Ni1-yPty alloys on Si. Nevertheless, for the quaternary system with Ni-Pt-Ge-Si as well as for ultra-thin Ni or Ni1-yPty films and high Pt content (> 10 at.%), the solid state reactions are complex and remain poorly understood. In this work, we propose a comparative study between Ni/Si0,7Ge0,3 and NiPt(15 at.%)/Si0,7Ge0,3. We focused on the discussion on the formation and degradation phenomena occurring during the Ni/Si0,7Ge0,3 reaction. Then, the impact of Pt on both phase sequence and degradation has been identified. Finally, the comparison between reactions performed on blanket and patterned wafers permit to extract the impact of patterning. To characterize these very thin films, atom probe tomography was performed to study element redistribution, as well as X-rays diffraction to identify phase nature and texture.

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