A country’s education system is a vital component of the country’s success. Without an excellent education system, our social, economic and financial positioning becomes threatened. At the heart of our education system lie our educators. Good educators are the key to an excellent education system. The loss of educators to the education system is significantly more than the current influx of qualified educators into schools. A great concern is why the South African education system is losing such large quantities of qualified and experienced educators. The literature review of this study focused on the factors contributing to job (dis)satisfaction and how it impacts on educators. Various sources were used to complete the literature study. The empirical study was done by means of quantitative research by distributing questionnaires to participating schools in the Vaal Triangle District. The educators at each of these schools were asked to complete a questionnaire that focussed on the issues that may contribute to job (dis)satisfaction and were divided into different sub-sections. The results were analysed and interpreted and certain recommendations were made in terms of the direct results and conclusions raised by the empirical study. The primary objective of this study was to determine the level of job satisfaction among some educators in the Vaal Triangle schools. The researcher looked at various trends in the education system and collected data relating to the determinants of job (dis)satisfaction in the school environment. The study showed that educators within the study population were not satisfied with their working conditions and should these issues be addressed by Department of Education, it could lead to fewer educators leaving the education system to seek work elsewhere. / MBA, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

Afhandling, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architechture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2000. / Findes også på internet (kræver læseprogrammet Acrobat Reader): http://web.media.mit.edu/%7Ecavallo/Thesis-index.pdf. Litteraturhenvisninger s. 239-246.

Afrikaans language thesis. Abstract in Afrikaans and English. / Many learners in rural primary schools do not use the opportunities which exist or which are being created by schools to participate in sport. As learners grow older and proceed through school, a tendency of diminishing numbers of sports participants is being observed. These are not necessarily learners who do not have any talent or sporting ability, they simply do not participate. This study is focused on the reasons and problems why specifically grade seven learners of rural schools do not participate or have dwindling participating numbers. The study does not only focus on participation but also on effective participation. A thorough literature review has revealed that there are mainly three obstacles, namely: interest, embedded constraints and structural obstacles. Research has revealed several problems why learners do not participate in sport or physical activity. This supports the reasons for the diminishing number of participants which was found in the study. The literature also shows that knowledge of sport is needed for effective participation. Questionnaires were used to gather information from grade seven learners, teachers and school principals. The research period was from July to September 2009. The questionnaires were handled personally by the researcher to ensure a consistent approach. The data from the questionnaires were analysed through the use of tables. This study confirmed three main obstacles which were mentioned earlier as the reasons for the diminishing numbers of sport participants. The interest in sport is dwindling because learners indicated that they just don't like sport and that they do not enjoy it. With regard to the embedded constraints learners indicated that they are physically not always able because of a lack of potential and ability. The structural obstacles were the most common factors, such as time constraints, domestic and family responsibilities, finances and transport. Recommendations regarding this study are set out in Chapter Five.

The purpose of this study was to determine: * the nature of a state governed, state supported and private school, and those involved in the financial events in the three types of schools; and * the financial management task of a state governed, supported and private school. In the literature study the nature of state governed, state state supported and private schools was discussed from a financial management perspective. Attention was paid to organisations involved in the financial management of the different types of schools. In the literature the financial management task of state governed, state supported and private schools was also examined, with special reference to: - the principles of education management regarding finances; - the budget of education management regarding finances; - financial record-keeping, reporting and analysis; and - financial resources. An empirical investigation was undertaken by means of a structured mail questionnaire to determine the state of the financial management task in the three types of schools. The most important findings originating from the literature study and empirical investigation, was the fact that state supported and private schools are managed strictly according to scientific management principles, which is to a lesser degree the case with state governed schools. In spite of the fact that principals of state governed schools gave a positive indication of sound financial practices in their schools, there are aspects like parent involvement, that need to be addressed when compared to state supported and private schools. At many state governed schools there is no parent involvement, making the existence of parent management committees impossible. This is in contrast to a large degree of parent involvement in school activities• at state supported and private schools. Although state supported schools include Model C-type of schools as well as farm schools, there is an important difference between these two types of schools, which is evident in the empirical investigation. In conclusion, recommendations for further research were made. / Skripsie (MEd (Onderwysbestuur))--PU vir CHO, 1996

The aim of this study was to evaluate the "beautification of schools" programme as an environmental management tool with a view to facilitating the improvement thereof wherever necessary. An in-depth literature review on theoretical perspectives in environmental management indicated that these partially addressed the problem of the study, namely, to comply with some principles of environmental management system, but not to implement them fully. The theory developed from the literature review facilitated the development of an empirical research. Qualitative research was conducted to evaluate the "beautification of schools" programme as an environmental management tool with a view to facilitating the improvement thereof wherever necessary. It emerged from the findings of the research, that some schools do not have environmental policies. Those schools with environmental policies lack environmental policy objectives. They do not have time frames according to which environmental programmes of action need to be reviewed. Although some schools have used the environmental management strategies in the "beautification of schools" campaign as a management tool, they have never taken proactive measures to better manage the environment of their schools. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

The purpose of this study was to determine: * the nature of a state governed, state supported and private school, and those involved in the financial events in the three types of schools; and * the financial management task of a state governed, supported and private school. In the literature study the nature of state governed, state state supported and private schools was discussed from a financial management perspective. Attention was paid to organisations involved in the financial management of the different types of schools. In the literature the financial management task of state governed, state supported and private schools was also examined, with special reference to: - the principles of education management regarding finances; - the budget of education management regarding finances; - financial record-keeping, reporting and analysis; and - financial resources. An empirical investigation was undertaken by means of a structured mail questionnaire to determine the state of the financial management task in the three types of schools. The most important findings originating from the literature study and empirical investigation, was the fact that state supported and private schools are managed strictly according to scientific management principles, which is to a lesser degree the case with state governed schools. In spite of the fact that principals of state governed schools gave a positive indication of sound financial practices in their schools, there are aspects like parent involvement, that need to be addressed when compared to state supported and private schools. At many state governed schools there is no parent involvement, making the existence of parent management committees impossible. This is in contrast to a large degree of parent involvement in school activities• at state supported and private schools. Although state supported schools include Model C-type of schools as well as farm schools, there is an important difference between these two types of schools, which is evident in the empirical investigation. In conclusion, recommendations for further research were made. / Skripsie (MEd (Onderwysbestuur))--PU vir CHO, 1996

The aim of this study was to evaluate the "beautification of schools" programme as an environmental management tool with a view to facilitating the improvement thereof wherever necessary. An in-depth literature review on theoretical perspectives in environmental management indicated that these partially addressed the problem of the study, namely, to comply with some principles of environmental management system, but not to implement them fully. The theory developed from the literature review facilitated the development of an empirical research. Qualitative research was conducted to evaluate the "beautification of schools" programme as an environmental management tool with a view to facilitating the improvement thereof wherever necessary. It emerged from the findings of the research, that some schools do not have environmental policies. Those schools with environmental policies lack environmental policy objectives. They do not have time frames according to which environmental programmes of action need to be reviewed. Although some schools have used the environmental management strategies in the "beautification of schools" campaign as a management tool, they have never taken proactive measures to better manage the environment of their schools. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.

In Suid-Afrika verskil onderwysers en leerders se moedertaal dikwels van die taal van leer en onderrig (Engels in dié studie). Aangesien hoërskoolonderwysers as vakspesialiste opgelei is, het hulle onvoldoende kundigheid om leerders by te staan om kerngeletterdheidsvaardighede in Engels te verwerf. Hierdie verkennende studie by ʼn plattelandse hoërskool het ten doel gehad om te bepaal wat die invloed van ʼn geletterdheidsintervensie op onderwysers in ʼn plattelandse skool se taal van onderrigpraktyke is. Die deelnemende aksienavorsingstudie het ʼn konstruktivistiese paradigma gevolg en is teoreties gerig deur die sosiale leerteorie. ʼn Geletterdheidsintervensie is ontwikkel vanuit die fonetiese beginsel en is geïmplementeer met ses doelgerig geselekteerde hoërskoolonderwysers (n=6, mans=1, vroue=5) in ʼn gerieflikheidsgeselekteerde plattelandse hoërskool wat al geruime tyd deel vorm van ʼn langtermyn studie oor veerkragtigheid in plattelandse skole. Data van onderwysers se taal van onderrigpraktyke is voor en na afloop van die geletterdheidsintervensie ingesamel aan die hand van twee fokusgroeponderhoude met die deelnemende onderwysers, asook observasies in twee klaskamers. Observasiedata is gedokumenteer as veldnotas, visuele data en oudio-opnames. Fokusgroeponderhoude is verbatim getranskribeer. Al hierdie databronne is tematies geanaliseer en die volgende temas is geїdentifiseer: onderwysers se persepsie van Engelse geletterdheid as kernvaardigheid vir leerders, die plek van hulpbronne in niemoedertaalonderrigpraktyke (in Engels) in plattelandse skole, die effek van ʼn geletterdheidsintervensie op onderwysers se tweede taal onderrigpraktyke (in Engels) en die profiel van deelnemende plattelandse onderwysers. Leer en onderrig in ʼn plattelandse hoërskool word bemoeilik deur hoërskoolleerders se onvermoë om te lees, die leerplanvereiste vir die gebruik van ʼn addisionele taal (soos Engels) as taal van leer en onderrig, gebrekkige opleiding van hoërskoolonderwysers rakende die aanleer van kerngeletterdheidvaardighede, beperkte hulpbronne en geografiese isolasie wat dit moeilik maak om indiensopleidingsgeleenthede te benut, Alhoewel die deelnemende plattelandse hoërskool se onderwysers nie opgelei was om leerders geletterdheidsvaardighede te leer nie, het dit geblyk dat hierdie onderwysers wel (i) weet welke kerngeletterdheidskernvaardighede deur leerders benodig word, (ii) gretig is om opgelei te word en positief is oor geletterdheidsintervensies, en (iii) naburige skole en onderwysers betrek in sulke kapasiteitsontwikkeling. Verder het dit geblyk dat die deelnemende plattelandse hoërskoolonderwysers hulle taal van onderrig en leerpraktyke kon aanpas nadat hulle aan ʼn geletterdheidsintervensie deelgeneem het. In dié verband het die onderwysers die volgende spesifieke strategieë gebruik, naamlik fisiese hulpbronne as ondersteuning vir die aanleer van nuwe klanke; taalvermenging; betrek leerders by die aanbieding van lesse, byvoorbeeld deur dramatisering; die implementering van ʼn leesperiode; en ook die benutting van die skool se mediasentrum. Hierdie gewysigde taal van onderrig en leerpraktyke het moontlik ʼn positiewe effek gehad op leerders se selfvertroue om in Engels betrokke te wees tydens leersituasies; hulle akademiese persentasies (in Engels) het ook verbeter. Onderwysers se ingesteldheid jeens leerders se motivering om te leer het ook verander. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

AFRIKAANS : Voor 1994 was die skoolhoof aanspreeklik vir die beheer van die finansies van die skool. Met die instelling van die Suid-Afrikaanse Skolewet no. 84 van 1996 het die aanspreeklikheid ten opsigte van finansies drasties verander deurdat selfbestuur by skole geïmplementeer is. Daar bestaan groot onduidelikhede by departementele amptenare sowel as by skoolhoofde en beheerliggaamlede oor wie aanspreeklik vir die finansies van die skool is. Skole se begrotings het sedert 1994 van `n paar honderd duisend rand na `n paar miljoen rand toegeneem; meer personeel word aangestel wat deur die skoolbeheerliggaam vergoed word en dit alles plaas ekstra belading op die skoolhoof. Dikwels is die skoolhoofde en skoolbeheerliggaamlede nie opgelei om hierdie ekstra finansiële lading te hanteer nie. Daar word van die skoolbestuurspan verwag om kennis van finansiële bestuur te hê om hulle taak effektief te kan uitvoer, nie alleenlik vir hulle eie oorlewing nie maar ook tot die voordeel van die skool en die gemeenskap. Die doel van hierdie studie is om te bepaal watter faktore die beheer en bestuur van skoolfinansies in `n openbare skool beïnvloed en om `n model daar te stel wat die beheer en bestuur van skoolfinansies in `n openbare skool sal rig. ENGLISH : Before 1994 the principal of a school was accountable for the control of the school`s finances. Since the introduction of the South African Schools Act no. 84 of 1996 and the implementation of self management of schools, the accountability regarding finances has changed dramatically. Schools’ budgets have increased from thousands of rand to millions of rand since 1994; more teachers are being appointed and paid by the school governing body. Departmental officials, principals and school governing body members have no experience to handle the extra financial burden. Principals and school governing body members have no experience of carrying this extra financial burden. It is expected of school managers to have knowledge of financial management to enable them to execute tasks effectively, not only for their own survival but also in the best interest of the school and the community. The purpose of this study is to determine factors that influence the control and management of public schools’ finances and to present a model that will guide the control and management of a public school’s finances. Copyright / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Education Management and Policy Studies / unrestricted

This study is environmental in nature, occurring within a series of nested frameworks, namely school role players, sustainable development and greening schools. From a South African context, the day-to-day operations of the school activities and programmes are not solely the principal’s responsibility. It is a shared responsibility among every person involved in an educational school context. The principal has the overall responsibility of leading and professionally managing the school through the school management team (SMT) and is accountable to the employer, which is the provincial Head of the Department of Education. The principal is also accountable to the community through the school governing body (SGB), which consists of elected representatives from the school community. This study was guided by these research questions: (1) What is the nature of the knowledge of the role players in the Tshwane North District schools about greening the school? (2) How do the contextual factors in the Tshwane North District schools shape the greening of the school? The SMT and SGB are key role players and gatekeepers at the school level. They were purposefully and conveniently sampled at three Tshwane North District (TND) primary schools in Gauteng Province of South Africa according to their locations (rural, township, urban). They participated in focus group interviews, observations and document analysis. The study, qualitative in nature, explored strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in greening the school for sustainable development. The two role players might not be knowledgeable about green and sustainable development, however given the opportunity to explore their knowledge, provided insight about greening schools and how to possibly change to more sustainable practices. Data collected was subjected to thematic content analysis. The results revealed that schools’ funds are swiftly depleted on resources such as water, energy, transportation, paper, stationary, maintenance and equipment, to name but a few. The results also revealed limited green culture across institutions, due to little knowledge of greening and sustainability practices by school role players. This was attributed to a lack of policy framework by schools which was exacerbated by a lack of capacity building from expertise in greening schools for sustainable development. / Hierdie studie is omgewings van aard wat plaasvind binne 'n reeks nes raamwerke, naamlik skoolrolspelers, volhoubare ontwikkeling en vergroening van skole. Uit 'n Suid-Afrikaanse konteks is die dag-tot-dag-bedrywighede van die skoolaktiwiteite en -programme nie net die skoolhoof se verantwoordelikheid nie. Dit is 'n gedeelde verantwoordelikheid onder elke persoon wat in 'n opvoedkundige skoolverband betrokke is.Die skoolhoof het die oorhoofse verantwoordelikheid om die skool deur die skoolbestuurspan (SUT) te lei en professioneel te bestuur en is verantwoordbaar teenoor die werkgewer, wat die provinsiale hoof van die departement van onderwys is.Die skoolhoof is ook deur die skoolbeheerliggaam (SGB) aan die gemeenskap verantwoordbaar, wat uit verkose verteenwoordigers uit die skoolgemeenskap bestaan.Die SMT en SGB is sleutelrolspelers en hekwagters op skoolvlak.Hulle is volgens hul plekke (landelike, township, stedelike) doelgerigte en gerieflik by drie Tshwane-Noord-distrikskole (TND) in Gautengprovinsie van Suid-Afrika gemonster.Hulle het deelgeneem aan fokusgroeponderhoude, waarnemings en dokumentanalise.Die studie, kwalitatiewe van aard wat daarop gemik is om sterk punte, swakhede, geleenthede en bedreigings te ondersoek om die skool vir volhoubare ontwikkeling te verging Die twee rolspelers is dalk nie kundig oor groen en volhoubare ontwikkeling nie, maar gegewe die geleentheid om hul kennis te ondersoek, het hulle 'n insig gegee oor groen skole en moontlik verandering aan volhoubare gedrag.Data wat ingesamel is, is aan tematiese inhoudsanalise onderwerp. Die bevindinge het aan die lig gebring dat skole se fondse vinnig uitgeput is op hulpbronne soos water, energie, vervoer, papier, stilstaande, instandhouding en toerusting om maar net 'n paar te noem.Die bevindinge het ook min kennis van vergroenings- en volhoubaarheidspraktyke deur skoolrolspelers geopenbaar.Dit is toegeskryf deur 'n gebrek aan beleidsraamwerke deur skole wat vererger is deur 'n gebrek aan kapasiteitsbou van kundigheid in die vergroening van skole vir volhoubare ontwikkeling. / Thutong ena ke ea tikoloho e hlahang ka hara letoto la meralo, e leng, ba nkang karolo ea sekolo, ntshwetsopele ea nako e telele le likolo tse tala.Ho tsoa maemong a Afrika Boroa, tshebetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea mesebetsi ea sekolo le mananeo ha se feela boikarabello ba mosuoe-hlooho.Ke boikarabello bo arolelanoeng hara motho e mong le e mong ea amehang molemong oa sekolo sa thuto.Hlooho ea sekolo e na le boikarabello ka kakaretso ba ho etella pele le ho tsamaisa sekolo ka sehlopha sa botsamaisi ba sekolo (SMT) mme o ikarabella ho mohiri, e leng Hlooho ea profinse ea Lefapha la Thuto.Hlooho ea sekolo e boetse e ikarabella ho sechaba ka sehlopha se busang sa sekolo (SGB), se nang le baemeli ba khethiloeng ba tsoang sechabeng sa sekolo.SMT le SGB ke karolo ea bohlokoa le balebeli ba liheke boemong ba sekolo.Li ile tsa etsoa sampole ka morero le ka mokhoa o bonolo likolong tse tharo tsa mathomo tsa Tshwane North (TND) tse Profinseng ea Gauteng ea Afrika Boroa ho latela libaka tsa bona (mahaeng, metse-literopong, le toropong).Maloko a SMT le SGB ba nkile karolo lipuisanong tsa sehlopha se tsepamisitseng maikutlo, maikutlo le tlhahlobo ea litokomane.Boithuto bona, bo nang le boleng ba tlhaho bo ikemiselitse ho lekola matla, bofokoli, menyetla le litšokelo ho silafatsa sekolo bakeng sa ntshetsopele e tsitsitseng. Baetsi ba karolo ba babeli ba kanna ba se be le tsebo mabapi le ntshetsopele ea botala le bo tsitsitseng, empa ba fuoe monyetla oa ho lekola tsebo ea bona, ba fane ka leseli mabapi le likolo tse talafatsang mme mohlomong li fetohela mekhoeng e tsitsitseng.Boitsebiso bo bokelletsoeng bo ile ba hlahlojoa ka litaba tsa bona, mme liphuputso li senotse hore lichelete tsa likolo li felloa kapele ho lisebelisoa tse kang metsi, motlakase, lipalangoang, pampiri, tse emeng, tlhokomelo le lisebelisoa ho bolela tse maloa feela.Liphuputso li boetse li senotse tsebo e nyane ea tshebetso ea tikoloho le botsitso ke bankakarolo ba sekolo.Sena se bakiloe ke ho haelloa ke moralo oa leano ke likolo tse ileng tsa mpefatsoa ke khaello ea matlafatso ho tsoa boitseaning ba likolo tsa botala bakeng sa ntshetsopele e tsitsitseng / Environmental Sciences / D.Litt. Phil (Environmental education)