The research of the researching problems was grounded in via questionnaire (totally 270 questionnaires, 30 on each type of the school) which was conducted at Special Secondary School, Secondary Medical School and Grammar School with students of 1., 2., 3. graded in České Budějovice. Hypothesis assumed a heightened risk of arising disorder of food intake, bigger bias in their bodies and a heightened anxiety at the same time at Grammar School students which was also confirmed by the research. The conclusion includes a recommendation of precaution for parents, pedagogues and educators. It could provide them with sufficient amount of information about possible risks and curative procedures. It would be possilbe to emerge arising disorder of food ingake to obviate at all, thanks to.

The Diploma Thesis deals with the matters of children's musicality and the main factors influencing it. The thesis includes a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the musicality issue and its structure, as well as on the factors that participate in this matter. Special attention is put to the out-of-school influences on the development of musicality. There is an outline of the influence of a family and its members, characteristics of a contemporary family and a present-day lifestyle. The thesis also deals with a social group influence and the impact of mass media, such as television, computers and the Internet. One of the subchapters is dedicated to the out-of-school artistic interests of children; another one deals with how music around us can act in a form of commercials, or in a store, for example. The practical part of this thesis is formed through a research oriented to the out-of-school influences mentioned above. This research was held at Libčická Primary School, Prague. The research included a questionnaire; the next step was a musical ability test, which later served to the elaboration of case studies of selected children. Comparing the results of the questionnaire with the individual children performances in the musicality test, the thesis highlights the...

The Master thesis depicts a social climate in a classroom in Liberec region. The thesis is divided into two larger topic parts - theoretical part where basic terminology connected to the topic is explained and practical part. Theoretical findings introduce issues of classroom climate which partially originates from a larger superior topic of a school climate. The aim of the first part is to introduce each involved party that influences classroom climate daily and engages in measuring the climate. It answers why is important to watch and measure this phenomenon at school. The second part of the thesis describes practical usage of findings from the theoretical part. It deals with a quality research and comparison of results at selected primary schools in Liberec region. It examines differences which appear in a particular classroom in relation to school culture. Research results serve to realization of classroom climate at each school. The research was led in the sixth grades of each school and standardised questionnaire was used to measure the classroom climate MCI. KEYWORDSs: School Climate, Classroom Climate, Teacher, Pupil, Parent, Quality Research, Primary School, School Culture, Questionnaire MCI Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This thesis deals with social environment, especially its influence on out-of-school musical education of children. The thesis also examines factors, that influence out-of- school education of children. The thesis contains theoretical and practical part. In theoretical part the term of social environment and its possible influence on out-of- school musical education of children are defined and clarified. Different social groups, that children usually walks through in their lives, are described in individual chapters. Big attention is given to these social groups. In thesis problematics of influence of massmedia on children's musical development is delineate. The thesis also offer detailed list of institutions in which children have opportunity to musically educate themselves. The practical part consists of research of influence of social environment on out-of-school musical education of children and maps factors, that decide where children musically educate themselves, which musical instrument children play and also delineates problematics outlines of commuting to out-of-school music instititions. The research was realized in the form of questionnaire for parents of children, who study on three elementary art schools in cities, which significantly differ in size. It was ZUŠ Vimperk, ZUŠ Bohumila...

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Collaborative helping via social networking conversation threads can pose serious challenges in emergency situations. Interfaces that support complex group interaction and sense-making can help. This research applies human-computer interaction (HCI), computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), and collaboration engineering in developing an interactive design, the Mega-Collaboration Tool (MCT). The goal is to reduce the cognitive load of a group’s growing mental model, thus increasing the general public’s ability to organize spontaneous collaborative helping. The specific aims of this research include understanding the dynamics of mental model negotiation and determining whether MCT can assist the group’s sense-making ability without increasing net cognitive load. The proposed HCI theory is that interfaces supporting collaborative cognition motivate contribution and reduce information bias, thus increasing the information shared. These research questions are addressed: 1. Does MCT support better collaborative cognition? 2. Does increasing the size of the shared data repository increase the amount of information shared? 3. Does this happen because group members experience 1) a greater sense of strategic commitment to the knowledge structure, 2) increased intrinsic motivation to contribute, and 3) reduced resistance to sharing information? These questions were affirmed to varying degrees, giving insight into the collaborative process. Greater content did not motive group members directly; instead, half of their motivation came from awareness of their contribution’s relevance. Greater content and organization improved this awareness, and also encouraged sharing through increased enthusiasm and reduced bias. Increased commitment was a result of this process, rather than a cause. Also, MCT increased collaborative cognition but was significantly hampered by Internet performance. This challenge indicates MCT’s system components should be redesigned to allow asynchronous interaction. These results should contribute to the development of MCT, other collaboration engineering applications, and HCI and information science theory.

Text in Afrikaans / Egskeidings en daaropvolgende hersaamgestelde gesinne neem toe. Die literatuur sowel as praktykervaring van die navorser het bewys dat die aanpassing in 'n hersaamgestelde gesin veral vir die adolessent traumaties is. Uit 'n literatuurstudie is bepaal watter probleme/behoeftes adolessente in hersaamgestelde gesinne ervaar. Die nominale groepstegniek is gebruik ten einde probleme/behoeftes te verfyn. Dit het uitgewys dat probleme in hersaamgestelde gesinne voortspruitend is uit kommunikasieprobleme. Die groepwerkproram met stiefadolessente is dus daarvolgen opgestel. Psigodrama word beskou as die mees ideale benadering in groepwerk met adolessente. Twee meetskale is gebruik, te wete 'n kommunikasievraelys en die Hudson-indeks wat gewysig is vanaf ouerlike verhoudings na stiefouerlike verhoudings. 'n Voorondersoek groep is met vyf stiefadolessente oor vyf byeenkomste en 'n eksperimentele groep met tien stiefadolessente oor tien byeenkomste aangebied. Voor- en nameting is gedoen. Op beide meetskale is groei in vaardighede gemeet en is die navorser se doelstelling bereik / Divorces and remarriages are increasing. The literature study and practical experience of the researcher, has shown that the adaption to remarriage is the most traumatic for adolescents. A literature study was done to determine the problems/needs of adolescents in remarried families. The nominal group technique was then used to refine the problems/needs. The results showed clearly that problems in remarried families are a result of communication problems. The group work programme with stepadolescents was therefore composed. Psychodrama is the most ideal method in working with adolescents. Two measuring instruments were used, namely the communication questionnaire and the Hudson-index which was modified from parentchild relationships to step-parental relationships. A pilot study group with five step-adolescents over five meetings and an experimental group was then held with ten step-adolescents over a period of ten meetings were held. Measurement was done before and after the group meetings. Both measuring instruments recorded growth in skills and the researcher's objective was reached / Social Work / M.A. (Sosiale Wetenskappe)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an acquired physical disability through traumatic injuries such as car accidents and shooting incidents, and non-traumatic injury such as a tumour on the spinal cord, amongst others. Unlike other parts of the body, the spinal cord does not have the ability to repair itself if it is damaged. Consequently, a person who has acquired an SCI will have a physical disability and will be either a paraplegic – paralysis of the lower part of the body, including the legs, or a quadriplegic, which is paralysis of all four limbs. Acquiring a spinal cord injury (SCI) has devastating long-term negative outcomes for the injured person as well as his/her cohabiting partner on a physical, psychological, psychosocial and socio-economical level. Exposure to such prolonged adversity and resulting negative outcomes calls for resilience, namely the ability to positively adapt despite the adversity being exposed to. Not all individuals have the natural ability to “bounce back”, and consequently resilience promotion is imperative. In South Africa, the focus of service delivery in rehabilitation centres is mainly centred on the injured person and consequently the well-being of the spinal cord injured person’s partner (SCIPP) is neglected. Little information is available on resilience-promoting programmes for SCIPPs; thus the main aim of this study was to design and develop a group resilience-promoting programme (GRPP) for SCIPPs. The researcher mainly followed a qualitative research approach and included a small quantitative component. In the context of applied research, an intervention research model comprising six phases was employed. Phase 1, Problem analysis and project planning, was reported on in section A. Manuscript 1 reports on phase 2 (information gathering and synthesis), and consists of a qualitative research synthesis, and mainly aimed at organizing and synthesizing previous research on resilience-promoting processes in order to inform the design and development of a group resilience-promoting programme (GRPP) for SCIPPs. After a systematic review and quality appraisal a total of 74 papers were selected to be quality appraised after abstracts and titles were assessed for relevance. Twenty-one studies were included and synthesized where after an outline for the content of a GRPP for SCIPPs was formulated. Conclusions and recommendations highlight that the formulated GRPP for SCIPPs needs to be further developed into an intervention that could be implemented with SCIPPs. As such, the researcher therefore proceeded with the study (see manuscript 2), aiming in developing small-group programme content and activities (using knowledge gathered from pre-existing interventions; resilience literature; consultations with experts; people living with spinal cord injury (SCI) and personal experience) to promote resilience in SCIPPs. By means of purposive sampling six advisory panel members from a diverse background were interviewed before and after the pilot study with two SCIPPs and one observer to contribute towards the further development of the GRPP for SCIPPs. A six-session GRPP for SCIPPs was formulated, including the following: (1) Information on SCI and resilience; (2) Help SCIPPs understand that their reactions to/emotions regarding these huge changes are normal; (3) Caretaking and support; (4) My dual role; (5) Own caretaking by SCIPPs; and (6) Termination and way forward. The newly developed GRPP for SCIPPs however had to be formally evaluated. Recommendations were made by professionals in the field that the GRPP for SCIPPs should first be subjected to peer review prior to implementing it with the target population. Therefore in manuscript 3 (reporting on phase 5 – evaluation ) the evaluation purpose was to subject the GRPP for SCIPPs to peer review by means of an empirical study with professional role-players (social workers and psychologists) in the field of spinal cord injury, prior to exhibiting it to the target population. The six group sessions were presented to professional role-players (n=12) working within the field of SCI during two 2-day workshops, whereby they were requested to evaluate the content and procedural elements of the GRPP for SCIPPs mainly by means of qualitative research, with a small numerical (quantitative) component. Thematic content analysis and basic descriptive statistics were employed. Overall positive feedback regarding the newly developed intervention was received, with suggested adjustments that needed to be made to the GRPP for SCIPPs prior to formal evaluation with the target group. The GRPP for SCIPPs will further be subjected to expert review in other provinces in South Africa, as the current participants were all from Gauteng. Furthermore, postgraduate students will be recruited to test the programme with the target-population in South Africa for possible further improvement and suggestions, as well as possible expansion to adjust this intervention to meet the needs of male SCIPPs; SCIPs themselves; children of a parent/s living with SCI; and also for post-injury cohabiting relationships, as this intervention might be a starting point for above-mentioned research-opportunities.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an acquired physical disability through traumatic injuries such as car accidents and shooting incidents, and non-traumatic injury such as a tumour on the spinal cord, amongst others. Unlike other parts of the body, the spinal cord does not have the ability to repair itself if it is damaged. Consequently, a person who has acquired an SCI will have a physical disability and will be either a paraplegic – paralysis of the lower part of the body, including the legs, or a quadriplegic, which is paralysis of all four limbs. Acquiring a spinal cord injury (SCI) has devastating long-term negative outcomes for the injured person as well as his/her cohabiting partner on a physical, psychological, psychosocial and socio-economical level. Exposure to such prolonged adversity and resulting negative outcomes calls for resilience, namely the ability to positively adapt despite the adversity being exposed to. Not all individuals have the natural ability to “bounce back”, and consequently resilience promotion is imperative. In South Africa, the focus of service delivery in rehabilitation centres is mainly centred on the injured person and consequently the well-being of the spinal cord injured person’s partner (SCIPP) is neglected. Little information is available on resilience-promoting programmes for SCIPPs; thus the main aim of this study was to design and develop a group resilience-promoting programme (GRPP) for SCIPPs. The researcher mainly followed a qualitative research approach and included a small quantitative component. In the context of applied research, an intervention research model comprising six phases was employed. Phase 1, Problem analysis and project planning, was reported on in section A. Manuscript 1 reports on phase 2 (information gathering and synthesis), and consists of a qualitative research synthesis, and mainly aimed at organizing and synthesizing previous research on resilience-promoting processes in order to inform the design and development of a group resilience-promoting programme (GRPP) for SCIPPs. After a systematic review and quality appraisal a total of 74 papers were selected to be quality appraised after abstracts and titles were assessed for relevance. Twenty-one studies were included and synthesized where after an outline for the content of a GRPP for SCIPPs was formulated. Conclusions and recommendations highlight that the formulated GRPP for SCIPPs needs to be further developed into an intervention that could be implemented with SCIPPs. As such, the researcher therefore proceeded with the study (see manuscript 2), aiming in developing small-group programme content and activities (using knowledge gathered from pre-existing interventions; resilience literature; consultations with experts; people living with spinal cord injury (SCI) and personal experience) to promote resilience in SCIPPs. By means of purposive sampling six advisory panel members from a diverse background were interviewed before and after the pilot study with two SCIPPs and one observer to contribute towards the further development of the GRPP for SCIPPs. A six-session GRPP for SCIPPs was formulated, including the following: (1) Information on SCI and resilience; (2) Help SCIPPs understand that their reactions to/emotions regarding these huge changes are normal; (3) Caretaking and support; (4) My dual role; (5) Own caretaking by SCIPPs; and (6) Termination and way forward. The newly developed GRPP for SCIPPs however had to be formally evaluated. Recommendations were made by professionals in the field that the GRPP for SCIPPs should first be subjected to peer review prior to implementing it with the target population. Therefore in manuscript 3 (reporting on phase 5 – evaluation ) the evaluation purpose was to subject the GRPP for SCIPPs to peer review by means of an empirical study with professional role-players (social workers and psychologists) in the field of spinal cord injury, prior to exhibiting it to the target population. The six group sessions were presented to professional role-players (n=12) working within the field of SCI during two 2-day workshops, whereby they were requested to evaluate the content and procedural elements of the GRPP for SCIPPs mainly by means of qualitative research, with a small numerical (quantitative) component. Thematic content analysis and basic descriptive statistics were employed. Overall positive feedback regarding the newly developed intervention was received, with suggested adjustments that needed to be made to the GRPP for SCIPPs prior to formal evaluation with the target group. The GRPP for SCIPPs will further be subjected to expert review in other provinces in South Africa, as the current participants were all from Gauteng. Furthermore, postgraduate students will be recruited to test the programme with the target-population in South Africa for possible further improvement and suggestions, as well as possible expansion to adjust this intervention to meet the needs of male SCIPPs; SCIPs themselves; children of a parent/s living with SCI; and also for post-injury cohabiting relationships, as this intervention might be a starting point for above-mentioned research-opportunities.

每隔一段時間，就會有專家、學者出面預測中國大陸即將崩潰，只是實際情況的發展似乎與他們的預期有所出入。換言之，儘管中國大陸目前有許多問題，但是尚未有證據顯示，這些問題在短期內可能引發重大危機。 中國大陸曾經被視為約十年會有一個週期的政治危機週期，上次危機發生在一九八九年，在時序進入二○○五年之後，似乎已逐漸脫離危機週期的規律。 任何國家都可能發生各式各樣的危機，危機的結果卻不見得會帶來崩潰，其關鍵在於國家與社會如何面對及應付危機，雙方關係究竟在危機前後是如何彼此定位？ 以天安門民主運動事件為例，在事件發生之前，中國大陸正面臨自改革開放以來最大的經濟危機—通貨膨脹。 然而危機的結果是以軍隊鎮壓收場，使得中國大陸社會運動就此陷於沉寂之中，晚近社會抗議事件雖然有增加的趨勢，但距離真正形成持續性的社會運動尚遠。 由此可知，政權出現正當性危機進而使得社會自主性增加，就必須具備兩項條件：一是引發正當性危機的事件出現；二是正當性危機出現後，社會力量興起與各方政治勢力透過妥協安排後，增加其本身的自由性。 本研究的目的要解答的問題是「天安門事件後中國大陸國家能力與社會自主性的關係」，此外社會力量之興起及政治勢力會否妥協，牽涉到各種菁英及一舨民眾對政治的態度問題，故本文亦藉用政治文化的研究途徑來探討國家能力與社會自主性之關係。

Master's thesis "the climate of the school class" is divided into two parts - theoretical and empirical. Theoretical part deals with subject matter definition of school climate and subsequent analysis and characteristics of related areas. This is mainly an analysis of social class and school climate, mapping factors that contribute to the climate change. Conduction of the mechanisms involved in the formation of school climate closer to analysing in particular iterms of the actors, teachers and pupils. Furthermore, in this part of the work I explore the definition and description of approaches for investigating social climate with a brief analysis of the specific diagnostic methods. Part of the work is also a framework defining the results of current research activities of domestic and foreign research in the above mentioned area. Empirical part focuses on diagnosis of classrooms'climate at selected high schools in the region. Research is focused on mapping the climate changes with an emphasis on quantitative study through selected diagnostical methods. The aim of this part is to find out how the climate of the class differs at secondary technical schools and secondary vocational schools. Conclusion of the theoretical part is dedicated to the importance of the class climate, together with the...