Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-03-31T14:03:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 helderzimmermanndeoliveira.pdf: 2045615 bytes, checksum: 5fef0c84b93c5dca91d7d3e8f46cdef7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T02:57:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 helderzimmermanndeoliveira.pdf: 2045615 bytes, checksum: 5fef0c84b93c5dca91d7d3e8f46cdef7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T02:57:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 helderzimmermanndeoliveira.pdf: 2045615 bytes, checksum: 5fef0c84b93c5dca91d7d3e8f46cdef7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-20 / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os motivos pelos quais jovens atletas praticam o basquetebol baseado na Teoria da Auto-determinação, e também identificar e analisar as 9 Dimensões do Flow-Feeling e compará-las com a literatura existente. Para isto foram desenvolvidos três artigos. Em todos os estudos a amostra foi constituída de 59 jovens atletas praticantes da modalidade basquetebol, pertencentes a 5 clubes diferentes, sendo 2 desses considerados clubes de alto nível. No primeiro estudo buscou-se compreender a maneira como ocorre o processo de motivação segundo a Teoria da Autodeterminação. No segundo foi feita uma análise qualitativa dos aspectos do flow-feeling buscando compreender de que forma a modalidade basquetebol influencia nas dimensões do estado de flow. O terceiro artigo teve como objetivo compreender a relação da idade e do tempo de prática no estado de flow. De acordo com os resultados conclui-se que para a amostra estudada a motivação predominante é intrínseca e os atletas possuem baixos níveis de desmotivação. Com relação ao sentimento de fluidez as dimensões mais recorrentes no discurso foram Controle absoluto das ações; Experiência autotélica; Equilíbrio desafio-habilidade; Objetivos claros; Concentração Intensa na tarefa. Sendo que a primeira dimensão pode sofrer interferência do tempo de prática do atleta. As dimensões menos citadas foram : Perda da noção do tempo; Fusão entre ação e atenção; Perda da autoconsciência, feedback claro e imediato, bem como o flow total pode sofrer interferência da idade do atleta. / The aim of this research was to identify the reasons that young athletes to practice basketball based on the Self-determination theory and also identify and analyze the 9 Dimensions of Flow-Feeling and compare them with the existing literature. To answer such questions were developed three articles. In all studies, the sample consisted of 59 young basketball athletes belonging to 5 different teams, 2 of those being considered elite team. In the first study, it sought to understand how the motivation process occurs according to the Self-Determination Theory. The second was a qualitative analysis of the flow-feeling aspects of trying to understand how the basketball influence on the dimensions of flow state. The third study aimed to understand the relationship of age and time to practice in the state of flow. According to the results it is concluded that the sample is studied motivation predominant intrinsic and athletes have low levels of desmotivation. Regarding the Flow-feeling, the dimensions were most frequently in the speech of sense of control; autotelic experience, challenge-skill balance, clear goals; Concentration on the task hand. Since the first dimension may be interfered practical time the athlete. The dimensions quoted less was loss transformation of time; action-awareness mergim, loss of self-consciousness, unambiguous feedback as well as the total flow can suffer interference from the age of the athlete.

Med den ökande konkurrensen bland idrottare får mentala skillnader en allt större betydelse. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka om personlighet kan ha samband till prestation inom sporten bowling. För att undersöka detta fick svenska bowlingspelare besvara en enkät som inkluderade frågor om olika prestationsmått inom bowling samt personlighesformulär. Totalt inkom 121 svar vilka inkluderades i analyserna. Deltagarna hade ett åldersspann på 18 till 74 år (M = 41,89, SD = 14,24), samt en könsfördelning på 39 kvinnor (≈ 32,2 %) och 82 män (≈ 67,8 %). Personlighet har i denna studie utgått från The five-factor model of personality, även kallad femfaktormodellen, samt Grit. Resultaten från korrelations- och regressionsanalyser visade att spelare med höga värden på Grit generellt spelade i högre divisioner, medan personer med låga värden på neuroticism generellt sett hade högre snitt, vilket är ett mått på hur många poäng/serie spelaren har i genomsnitt. Resultaten visar därmed att vissa personlighetsdrag kan spela en roll för prestation inom bowling. Dock var resultaten inte helt entydiga då dessa personlighetsfaktorer endast var relaterade till specifika prestationsmått. Övriga personlighetsfaktorer kunde inte signifikant associeras med prestation inom bowling. Framtida studier bör undersöka om andra personlighetsfaktorer än de som inkluderades i denna studie, såväl som kognitiva aspekter som perception och beslutsfattande, kan relateras till prestation inom bowling. / With the intensifying competition among athletes', individual differences in mental attributes have a greater impact. This study aimed to investigate if personality traits have a relationship with performance in the sport of bowling. To investigate this, Swedish bowlers responded to a questionnaire that included questions about their their history as bowlers and as well questions about their personality. In total, 121 responses were received and included in the analyses. The participants had an age range of 18 to 74 years (M = 41,89, SD = 14,24), and a gender distribution of 39 women (≈32,2 %) and 82 men (≈ 67,8 %). In this study, personality was conceptualized accordning to The five-factor model of personality and Grit. Results from the correlation- and regression analysis overall showed that players with high levels of Grit played in higher divisions, while individuals with low levels of neuroticism generally had a higher series average, which is a measure on how many points the player has as an average taking all games into account. The results thus show that personality can have an impact on performance in bowling. However, the results were unequivocal because these personality traits were only related to specific performance outcomes.No other personality traits were significantly associated with performance within bowling. Future studies should investigate if other personality factors than those included in the present study, and as well as cognitive aspects such as perception and decision making, can be related to performance in bowling.

O tênis é uma das modalidades esportivas que mobiliza um conjunto de fatores alinhados com os estados psicológicos (mentais e emocionais). O presente estudo tem, como foco principal, investigar no âmbito do tênis de competição, o discurso do sujeito coletivo relacionado com fatores de ativação e regulação interna e suas relações com as tendências de comportamento de competências competitivas de tenistas juvenis em categorias de base. Uma abordagem mais aprofundada envolvendo a psicologia do esporte foi desenvolvida visando aclarar a presença dos fatores de regulação de ativação no comportamento e no desempenho de tenistas juvenis. Isto porque durante o período de desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central se torna fundamental para a realização de análises amplas e adequadas acerca dos estímulos ambientais influenciando no desenvolvimento motor, cognitivo e afetivo-social. A partir daí, foi utilizado o Método denominado \"Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo - DSC\", visando qualificar os discursos dos sujeitos através de quatro questões relacionadas com respostas a respeito dos estados de ansiedade e concentração no desempenho de 12 tenistas juvenis pertencentes a um clube - da cidade de São Paulo, que mantém equipes de tênis filiadas à federação e a confederação dessa modalidade no Brasil / Tennis is one of the sports that mobilizes a set of factors aligned with the psychological states (mental and emotional). This study has as its focus to investigate under competition tennis, the collective subject discourse related to activation and internal regulation factors and its relations with the competitive skills of behavioral tendencies of young tennis players in youth academies. A further approach involving sports psychology was developed to clarify the presence of activation regulatory factors in the behavior and performance of young tennis players. This is because in the central nervous system development period becomes essential for carrying out comprehensive and proper analysis regarding the environmental stimuli influencing motor, cognitive and affective-social development. From there, we used the method denominated \"Collective Subject Discourse - DSC\", aiming to qualify the discourse of the subjects through four issues with answers regarding the anxiety and concentration states in the performance of 12 youth tennis players belonging to a club - in the city of São Paulo, which keeps tennis teams affiliated to the federation and confederation of this modality in Brazil

This cross-sectional study presented two aims: 1) to examine whether associations could be found between athletes’ use of communication strategies conflict management, openness and support, and athletes’ perceptions of coach-athlete relationship quality, and 2) to examine whether athletes’ attachment style (secure, anxious-ambivalent or avoidant) would act as a moderator for this association. A sample of 396 athletes (males = 183, females = 210) whose age ranged from 15 to 60 years (mean age = 19.17, SD = 4.59 years). The sample was recruited from a variety of both individual and team sports. In order to participate, athletes responded a questionnaire, online or in paper version. Statistical analyses were performed in IBM SPSS 24 and Amos 24, and by using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results confirmed associations between athletes’ use of the selected communication strategies and their perceptions of the coach-athlete relationship quality. Regarding moderating effects, athletes’ attachment style was shown to have a significant moderation effect on a majority of the found associations. Suggestions for future research is to examine more of the communication strategies presented in the COMPASS model, in order to strengthen the model’s practical use. Also, longitudinal studies would complement these findings, as well as qualitative research for a deepened understanding of the communication strategies. / Denna tvärsnittsstudie hade två syften: 1) att undersöka om det fanns ett samband mellan idrottares användande av kommunikationsstrategierna konflikthantering, öppenhet och stöd och deras skattning av kvaliteten på relationen till tränaren, samt 2) att undersöka om idrottares anknytningsstil (trygg, ambivalent och undvikande) hade påverkan det sambandet. 396 idrottare (män = 183, kvinnor = 210 ) i åldrarna 15-60 år (medelålder = 19.17, SD = 4.59 år). Urvalet rekryterades från både individ- och lagidrott. För att delta fyllde idrottarna i ett formulär, i webb- eller pappersform. Statistiska analyser utfördes i IBM SPSS och Amos 24, samt genom Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Resultaten bekräftade samband mellan idrottares användande av de valda kommunikationsstrategierna och deras skattning av kvaliteten på tränar-idrottare-relationen. Idrottarnas anknytningsstil visade sig ha en statistiskt signifikant modererande effekt på de funna sambanden. Förslag för vidare forskning är att undersöka fler av de kommunikationsstrategier som presenteras i COMPASS-modellen, för att kunna stärka modellens praktiska användning. Dessutom skulle longitudinella studier kunna komplettera dessa resultat, liksom kvalitativ forskning för att få en djupare förståelse för kommunikationsstrategierna.

O tênis é uma das modalidades esportivas que mobiliza um conjunto de fatores alinhados com os estados psicológicos (mentais e emocionais). O presente estudo tem, como foco principal, investigar no âmbito do tênis de competição, o discurso do sujeito coletivo relacionado com fatores de ativação e regulação interna e suas relações com as tendências de comportamento de competências competitivas de tenistas juvenis em categorias de base. Uma abordagem mais aprofundada envolvendo a psicologia do esporte foi desenvolvida visando aclarar a presença dos fatores de regulação de ativação no comportamento e no desempenho de tenistas juvenis. Isto porque durante o período de desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central se torna fundamental para a realização de análises amplas e adequadas acerca dos estímulos ambientais influenciando no desenvolvimento motor, cognitivo e afetivo-social. A partir daí, foi utilizado o Método denominado \"Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo - DSC\", visando qualificar os discursos dos sujeitos através de quatro questões relacionadas com respostas a respeito dos estados de ansiedade e concentração no desempenho de 12 tenistas juvenis pertencentes a um clube - da cidade de São Paulo, que mantém equipes de tênis filiadas à federação e a confederação dessa modalidade no Brasil / Tennis is one of the sports that mobilizes a set of factors aligned with the psychological states (mental and emotional). This study has as its focus to investigate under competition tennis, the collective subject discourse related to activation and internal regulation factors and its relations with the competitive skills of behavioral tendencies of young tennis players in youth academies. A further approach involving sports psychology was developed to clarify the presence of activation regulatory factors in the behavior and performance of young tennis players. This is because in the central nervous system development period becomes essential for carrying out comprehensive and proper analysis regarding the environmental stimuli influencing motor, cognitive and affective-social development. From there, we used the method denominated \"Collective Subject Discourse - DSC\", aiming to qualify the discourse of the subjects through four issues with answers regarding the anxiety and concentration states in the performance of 12 youth tennis players belonging to a club - in the city of São Paulo, which keeps tennis teams affiliated to the federation and confederation of this modality in Brazil

Föreliggande tvärsnittsstudie är av kvantitativ design med syftet att undersöka hur olika typer av tränarbeteenden och olika typer av motivationsklimat påverkar psykologiskt välbefinnande hos ungdomsfotbollsspelare, samt hur väl de olika typerna av tränarbeteenden och motivationsklimat predicerar ungdomsfotbollspelares psykologiska välbefinnande. Den aktuella studien hade 95 deltagare i åldrarna 16 till 19 år (M= 16.97, SD= 2.6). Deltagarna självskattade sina upplevelser av tränarbeteenden, motivationsklimat och psykologiskt välbefinnande utifrån frågeformulären Coaching Behavior Scale for Sport, Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 och Ryff's Psychological Well-Being scales. Resultatet av en enkel regressionsanalys visade att tränarbeteendet tävling/-matchstrategi hade störst positiv effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande. Vidare visade analysen att tränarbeteendet negativ personlig kontakt hade en negativ effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande. Den enkla regressionsanalysen visade även på en positiv effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande av uppgiftsorienterat motivationsklimat, och en negativ effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande av resultatorienterat motivationsklimat. Studiens resultat anses kunna användas för att facilitera psykologiskt välbefinnande för ungdomsfotbollspelare genom lämpliga tränarbeteenden och uppgiftsorienterade motivationsklimat / This cross-sectional study is based on a quantitative method with the aim to investigate how different types of coaching behaviors and motivational climates affect psychological well-being in young football players, and how well the different types of coaching behaviors and motivational climates predict young football players’ psychological wellbeing. The current study had 95 participants aged 16 to 19 years (M=16.97, SD=2.6). The participants self-rated their experiences of coaching behaviors, motivational climate and psychological well-being based on the Coaching Behavior Scale for Sport, Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being scales. The results of a simple regression analysis showed that the coaching behavior competition/match strategy had the greatest positive effect on psychological well-being. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the coaching behavior negative personal contact had a negative effect on psychological well-being. The simple regression analysis also showed a positive effect on psychological well-being of task-oriented motivational climate, and a negative effect on psychological well-being of results-oriented motivational climate. The results of the study are considered to be used to facilitate psychological well-being of youth football players through appropriate coaching behaviors and task-oriented motivational climates.

This cross-sectional study is based on quantitative method with the aim to investigate how different types of coaching behaviors and motivational climates affect psychological well-being in youth football players, and how well the different types of coaching behaviors and motivational climates predict young football players' psychological well-being. The current study had 95 participants aged 16 to 19 years old (M=16.97, SD=2.6). The participants self-rated their experiences of coaching behaviors, motivational climates and psychological well-being based on the Coaching Behavior Scale for Sports, Percieved Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being scales. The results of a simple regression analysis showed that the coaching behavior competion/match strategy had the greatest postive effect on psychological well-being. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the coaching behavior negative personal contact had a negative effect on psychological well-being. The simple regression analysis also showed a positive effect on psychological well-being of task-oriented motivational climate, and a negative effect on psychological well-being of results-oriented motivational climate The results of the study are considered to be used to facilitate psychological well-being of youth football players through appropriate coaching bahviors and task-oriented motivational climates. / Föreliggande tvärsnittsstudie är av kvantitativ design med syftet att undersöka hur olika typer av tränarbeteenden och olika typer av motivationsklimat påverkar psykologiskt välbefinnande hos ungdomsfotbollsspelare, samt hur väl de olika typerna av tränarbeteenden och motivationsklimat predicerar ungdomsfotbollsspelares psykologiska välbefinnande. Den aktuella studien hade 95 deltagare i åldrarna 16 till 19 år (M=16.97, SD=2.6). Deltagarna självskattade sina upplevelser av tränarbeteenden, motivationsklimat och psykologiskt välbefinnande utifrån frågeformulären Coaching Behavior Scale for Sport, Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 och Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being scales. Resultatet av en enkel regressionsanalys visade att tränarbeteendet tävling-/matchstrategi hade störst positiv effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande. Vidare visade analysen att tränarbeteenden negativ personlig kontakt hade en negativ effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande. Den enkla regressionsanalysen visade även på en positiv effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande av uppgiftsorienterat motivationsklimat, och en negativ effekt på psykologiskt välbefinnande av resultatorienterat motivationsklimat. Studiens resultat anses kunna användas för att facilitera psykologiskt välbefinnande för ungdomsfotbollsspelare genom lämpliga tränarbeteenden och uppgiftorienterade motivationsklimat

This study examines the mental preparation of elite athletes using naturalistic action research. The focus of investigation was on the personal difficulty of dealing with the "expert issue" that existed in the consultative relationship. The unfolding research experience confronted the researcher with personal dilemmas that needed to be resolved; activating significant shifts in the direction of exploration. These shifts were triggered in conversational contexts, highlighting the impact of co-evolved intimate sharing. Quantum leaps in understanding occurred when the researcher; (a) realised that a research proposal had been formulated that was not congruent with ecosystemic philosophies, (b) discovered action research, thereby shifting from an isolated self-reflective position to embracing the phenomenon of shared inquiry, (c) formed an action research group to investigate consultative issues, (d) became aware that the action research process was a reflection of an individual's unique idiosyncratic interactive and thinking style, (e) had to deal with the impact of a work experience as the action group turned into a therapeutic team, and (f) aligned himself to a narrative writing style to formally report on the "fluid", "free-flow" conversational experiences that had occurred in the research context. "Reflective interactive exploration" written methodology to capture the ideas emerged as a formal that evolve conversation. This methodology became the vehicle to during (a) shift more responsibility onto the athlete to become the "researcher of self", (b) open up further conversation, and (c) to relieve the psychologist of the expert position. The methodology was also utilised in the action research group to explore issues and to exchange ideas with the supervisor. The theory of the "mask of competency" of the athlete existing in a "culture of competition" is forwarded. A therapeutic model that balances intervention techniques with therapeutic conversation is suggested when consulting with athletes. Therapeutic conversation is broadened to incorporate concepts such as "energy flow", "obstacles and resistances" and "connection and intimacy". The personal "expert issue" was found to be a "reflection" of the researcher's own unique perceptions and interactive tendencies. Addressing issues at this level of personal identity required special interpersonal conditions; a context of respectful, intimate conversation. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)

Mental träning har fått ett tydligare utrymme i skolan och i samhället där organisationer på olika håll påtalar den goda hälsan. Resultat av flera undersökningar visar att elever kan öka sitt välbefinnande och sina skolprestationer genom mentala träningsmetoder. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på vilka begrepp och metoder som kan vara relevanta inom området för mental träning och spänningsreglering inom gymnasiekursen Idrott och Hälsa 1. Studien är uppdelad i två delstudier där delstudie ett är en innehållsanalys som presenterar relevant litteratur. Delstudie två består av flera intervjuer som sedan kopplas samman med den innehållsanalys vi framställt. De båda delstudierna utgör sedan grunden för vårt resultat och analys. Vi presenterar resultat som skildrar hur undervisning inom området mental träning och spänningsreglering uppfattas utifrån ett lärar - respektive elevperspektiv på tre  skolor inom samma kommun. Resultatet tematiseras utifrån följande centrala begrepp, mentala träningsmetoder, motivation, spänningsreglering/avslappning, där vi jämför respondenternas svar emot varandra. Resultatet visar att undervisning inom mental träning är relativt okänt för eleverna medan lärarna menar att den sker kontinuerligt. Slutdiskussionen handlar vidare om hur undervisningen uppfattas och genomförs. / Mental training has been given a bigger space in schools and in society, where organizations in different parts denounce good health. Results of several studies show that students can improve their well-being and their school performance through mental training techniques. The purpose of this study is to find out what concepts and methods that are frequently used and relevant in the area of mental training and stress control within the subject Sports and Health 1. The study was divided into two sub-studies. The first sub-study is an analysis of this thesis literature. Study number two consists of several interviews that is connected with the content analysis we made. The two sub-studies form the basis of our results and analysis. We present results depicting how education in the field of mental training and stress control is perceived by the teacher - or student perspective on the three schools within the same municipality. The result is thematized by the central concepts, mental training techniques, motivation, stress control/relaxation where we also compare respondents’ answers to each other. The result shows that teaching about mental training is relatively unknown to the students while the teachers believe that it is continuously used. The final discussion is on how education is perceived and implemented.

This study examines the mental preparation of elite athletes using naturalistic action research. The focus of investigation was on the personal difficulty of dealing with the "expert issue" that existed in the consultative relationship. The unfolding research experience confronted the researcher with personal dilemmas that needed to be resolved; activating significant shifts in the direction of exploration. These shifts were triggered in conversational contexts, highlighting the impact of co-evolved intimate sharing. Quantum leaps in understanding occurred when the researcher; (a) realised that a research proposal had been formulated that was not congruent with ecosystemic philosophies, (b) discovered action research, thereby shifting from an isolated self-reflective position to embracing the phenomenon of shared inquiry, (c) formed an action research group to investigate consultative issues, (d) became aware that the action research process was a reflection of an individual's unique idiosyncratic interactive and thinking style, (e) had to deal with the impact of a work experience as the action group turned into a therapeutic team, and (f) aligned himself to a narrative writing style to formally report on the "fluid", "free-flow" conversational experiences that had occurred in the research context. "Reflective interactive exploration" written methodology to capture the ideas emerged as a formal that evolve conversation. This methodology became the vehicle to during (a) shift more responsibility onto the athlete to become the "researcher of self", (b) open up further conversation, and (c) to relieve the psychologist of the expert position. The methodology was also utilised in the action research group to explore issues and to exchange ideas with the supervisor. The theory of the "mask of competency" of the athlete existing in a "culture of competition" is forwarded. A therapeutic model that balances intervention techniques with therapeutic conversation is suggested when consulting with athletes. Therapeutic conversation is broadened to incorporate concepts such as "energy flow", "obstacles and resistances" and "connection and intimacy". The personal "expert issue" was found to be a "reflection" of the researcher's own unique perceptions and interactive tendencies. Addressing issues at this level of personal identity required special interpersonal conditions; a context of respectful, intimate conversation. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)