Violence against Indigenous women is a major public health concern worldwide and Canada is no exception. Multiple forms of violence inform the broader context of violence against Indigenous women. Nurses are likely to encounter Indigenous women in a variety of settings, but evidence suggests that nurses may lack understandings of violence. This thesis explored the following question: How does extant qualitative research conducted in Canada, contribute to understanding the health and wellbeing of First Nations, Métis and Inuit (Indigenous) women who have experienced violence? During the development of this thesis, significant gaps were highlighted including underrepresentation of Inuit women in the literature, limited focus on health promotion, and lack of methodological approaches to systematic reviews that were participatory and inclusive of the community. Therefore, a secondary aim of this thesis was to privilege perspectives of Inuit women and their communities, by developing a study protocol for a collaborative and community centered approach to reviewing and assessing the extant literature. A configurative and inductive approach based on thematic synthesis was used to systematically search, retrieve, analyze and synthesize extant literature. Post-colonial feminist theory and intersectionality were used as theoretical lenses to emphasize intersections between multiple forms of violence and locate the problem within the broader context of colonization and oppression. Sixteen studies were included in this review, fifteen qualitative and one mixed methods study. Four themes with subthemes emerged based on analysis and synthesis of findings in the included studies: 1) ruptured connections between family and home, 2) that emptiness… my spirit being removed, 3) seeking help and feeling unheard, and 4) a core no one can touch. These themes represent interconnected pathways that influenced health among Indigenous women, and have implications for healthy public policy, clinical practice, and nursing education.

People who use illegal drugs all too often experience stigma and discrimination, criminalization and marginalization in Canada. Substance use has both immediate and chronic health consequences that may require healthcare. However, people who use illegal drugs often experience difficulty accessing equitable care, and stigma has been identified as a key barrier to access. This study explores the provision of health care by nurses in an emergency department for people who use illegal drugs, and the impact of hospital policies and procedures on nurses’ capacity to provide care. The study uses data from in-depth interviews with nurses and policy leaders, and analyses policy documents discussed by nurses in the interviews. This study found that neoliberal policies that result in downsizing of social programs means that patients come to emergency departments with a broad set of health and socials needs that extend beyond what nurses can do. The study also uncovered a lack of cultural safety for Aboriginal patients seeking care. Finally, the study discovered the existence of a culture of stigma in the emergency department. The culture of stigma is transmitted and taken up through individual attitudes, relations of power, intake and treatment protocols, critical policy absences and problematic policy. This study concludes with recommendations for policy development and for future research in this area. / Graduate / 0680 / 0573 / 0569 / heyriver@shaw.ca

People who use illegal drugs all too often experience stigma and discrimination, criminalization and marginalization in Canada. Substance use has both immediate and chronic health consequences that may require healthcare. However, people who use illegal drugs often experience difficulty accessing equitable care, and stigma has been identified as a key barrier to access. This study explores the provision of health care by nurses in an emergency department for people who use illegal drugs, and the impact of hospital policies and procedures on nurses’ capacity to provide care. The study uses data from in-depth interviews with nurses and policy leaders, and analyses policy documents discussed by nurses in the interviews. This study found that neoliberal policies that result in downsizing of social programs means that patients come to emergency departments with a broad set of health and socials needs that extend beyond what nurses can do. The study also uncovered a lack of cultural safety for Aboriginal patients seeking care. Finally, the study discovered the existence of a culture of stigma in the emergency department. The culture of stigma is transmitted and taken up through individual attitudes, relations of power, intake and treatment protocols, critical policy absences and problematic policy. This study concludes with recommendations for policy development and for future research in this area. / Graduate / 0680 / 0573 / 0569 / heyriver@shaw.ca

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:53:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese-JaciraNascimentoSerra.pdf: 1332591 bytes, checksum: 5373557aba8007be3e02ef3d44f4e0b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-19 / "Violence against the elderly: a look at the social - structural violence in different scenarios of life " is a doctoral thesis in which I try to understand and interpret the lives of elderly people immersed in poverty , seeking meanings for the various types social - structural violence , in different scenarios : a) my doctor's office ; b) Outpatient Service of Elderly Care of the Hospital Dr. Carlos Macieira of the State of Maranhão; c) Health clinic in the village Embratel / extension project UFMA (Federal University of Maranhão). The theme was contextualised through the contribution of different authors, in heterogeneous thoughts, aiming to enhance the discussions about the current, complex, multidimensional phenomena of the analytic categories that guide the research: aging, poverty, violence, social-structural violence. I used qualitative research, in that I propose to understand dimensions of daily life, the routine of being "poor old man" in the contemporary world. Adopted as a methodological procedures for collecting the testimony of the "elderly men, elderly women", the focus group technique as a way to understand the assumptions; besides "observation record " and " daily listening". About 4 or 5 meetings were held in each of the focus groups, each group consisting from 10 to 12 seniors, from 56 to 94 years old, of both genders, with a predominance of elderly widowed women living with family. I defined four themes of social-structural violence: a) the violence of myths and prejudices; b) the violence of disrespect; c) violence of the relations of care, and d) the violence of the structure of the scenario of poverty itself. Although being present in the structure of Capital, violence, in its various forms, is still not perceived as a matter of character and public health, to which typifications of social and structural violence are not envisioned by being in the midst of the iceberg of conflictual and violent relations in the daily elderly men and elderly women in contemporary society. / A violência contra a pessoa idosa: um olhar sobre a violência estrutural-social em distintos cenários de vida é um trabalho de tese de doutorado em que procuro compreender e interpretar a vida das pessoas idosas imersas na pobreza, buscando significados para as diversas tipologias da violência estrutural-social, em diversos cenários: meu consultório médico; Ambulatório do Serviço de Atenção Integral ao Idoso do Hospital do Servidor do Estado do Maranhão Dr. Carlos Macieira; Posto de Saúde da Vila Embratel/projeto de extensão da UFMA (Universidade Federal do Maranhão). A temática foi contextualizada através da contribuição de diferentes autores, numa heterogeneidade de pensamentos, com o objetivo de enriquecer as discussões a cerca dos fenômenos atuais, complexos, multidimensionais das categorias analíticas que norteiam a pesquisa: envelhecimento, pobreza, violência, violência estrutural-social. Utilizei a pesquisa qualitativa, na medida em que me proponho compreender dimensões da vida diária, da rotina de ser velho pobre no mundo contemporâneo. Adotei como um dos procedimentos metodológicos para a coleta do depoimento das velhas e velhos , a técnica de Grupo Focal como forma de compreender os pressupostos; além da observação com registro e o diário de escuta . Foi realizado 4-5 encontros em cada um dos grupos focais, cada grupo composto por 10-12 idosos, com idades entre 56 e 94 anos, de ambos os sexos, com predominância das mulheres velhas, viúvas, morando com a família. Delineie quatro eixos temáticos da violência estrutural-social: a violência dos mitos e preconceitos; a violência do (des)respeito; a violência das relações do cuidado, e a violência da estrutura do cenário da pobreza, propriamente dita. Apesar de presente na estrutura do Capital a violência nas suas mais diversas formas continua não sendo percebida como uma questão de caráter e de saúde pública, em que as tipificações da violência-estrutural social, não são vislumbradas por estarem no bojo do iceberg das relações conflituosas e violentas no cotidiano de velhas e velhos na sociedade contemporaneidade.

This thesis considers some conflicts involving indigenous peoples that arise from the universal standardization of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) over Plant Genetic Resources (PGR). My study presents the research problem of how to include indigenous peoples in dialogue as a prerequisite for conflict transformation. To better understand this problem, and potential solutions, I conducted participatory action research (PAR) through an ethnographic case study of Himalayan farmers working with the grassroots network Navdanya. The study explores the research question: how do Garhwali farmers experience grassroots mobilization for biodiversity and indigenous knowledge (IK) conservation? This question is intended to generate data for conflict resolution analysis on how to engage indigenous peoples in dialogue on the subject of IPRs over PGR. I discuss five themes that emerge from the data collected including: experiences and strategies in grassroots mobilization, culture and sharing, the seed, climate change and women. My research is divided into three separate, but interrelated elements. Firstly, I discuss my methodological choices and experiences. Secondly, I present the ethnographic research, thematic data analysis and draw conclusions. Finally, I frame the literature in the context of the theory of structural violence to explain the significance of conflicts arising from IPRs over PGR in the context of the erosion of IK systems and biodiversity.

Though much research exists on LGBT+ exclusion from school-based sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education, the strategies used by LGBT+ individuals during their search for knowledge regarding the subject are not as widely documented. Using the ethnographic research method of semi-structured interviews, this research explores the experiences of young LGBT+ adults with formal sexual and reproductive health education and examines the self-education methods employed by this population in the context of exclusionary and cisheteronormative curricula. This project also functions to contribute to existing literature in the field of anthropology and other social sciences regarding the subject of SRH education, particularly LGBT+ SRH education. Furthermore, this study supports the need for additional research through the use of applied anthropology concerning interactions between institutions, policy and individual experiences of health.

No description available.

An extensive body of knowledge points to the intersection of violence against women and HIV as it is well-established that violence is ubiquitous in the lives of women living with HIV. Experiences of violence exist within a socio-legal context that criminalizes HIV non-disclosure. In Canada, the federal law requires people living with HIV to disclose their HIV positive status before a sexual encounter with a partner that may pose, according to the Supreme Court of Canada, a “realistic possibility of transmission.” The criminalization of HIV non-disclosure carries particularly negative consequences for women living with HIV. This thesis includes an analysis of data from the Women, ART, and the Criminalization of HIV (WATCH) Study, a qualitative, arts-based research study on the impact of the HIV non-disclosure law on women living with HIV in Canada. Grounded in an intersectional feminist framework, this thesis presents findings from the narrative and visual data collected from the three Ontario workshops in the WATCH study. This thesis explores how women living with HIV visually and narratively express and describe their experiences of violence in the context of the criminalization of HIV non-disclosure. The stories and artwork shared by participants demonstrate how the law used to criminalize HIV non-disclosure creates and exacerbates experiences of interpersonal and structural violence and surveillance in the lives of women living with HIV. This thesis offers important insights for reconceptualising violence against women living with HIV from a structural lens. This project demonstrates how violence stems from legal institutions that do not respond to the needs of women, and instead, further exacerbate marginalization, violence, and surveillance in the lives of women living with HIV. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

This thesis examined the conditions under which taharrush (sexual harassment) has become normalized in Cairo, allowing acts once deemed unethical by Egyptians to become a daily experience. Experiences of taharrush were explored through an ethnographic study of three neighborhoods in Cairo and 20 semi-structured interviews with women from diverse backgrounds and age groups. Through the literature review of key themes and a historical analysis of the Egyptian context, this research explored the rise in sexual harassment over time and under different presidential regimes. The cross-generational aspect of this research highlighted the prevalence of sexual harassment in the past three decades. Furthermore, through the participants’ voices, numerous themes emerged explaining the increase of taharrush, such as: economic difficulties, decline in akhle (sense of community), and violence against women perpetrated by security officials. The interviews showed women’s experiences of sexual harassment, the perceived causes behind the issue of harassment being trivialized and normalized, and ways in which women combat harassment and security issues within Cairo. / February 2016

Due to the ongoing conflict between the Houthi rebels and the Yemeni government supported by a Saudi-led coalition of nine countries, the civilians in the country have already been exposed to violence for four years. According to the European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO), the current situation in Yemen is the world’s worst humanitarian crisis. A large number of humanitarian organizations are present intending to alleviate the suffering. However, their response has been criticized as ineffective. Therefore, this thesis seeks to investigate the humanitarian response in Yemen in order to identify potential weaknesses. This was done out from a theoretical framework that drew on Johan Galtung’s conceptualizations on violence. The applied qualitative research approach was based on a case study research design. With the help of a literature review, the relevant data relating to the case was gathered and an analysis of the violence in Yemen was conducted using the concepts of direct and structural violence by Galtung. The 2019 Yemen Humanitarian Response Plan (YHRP), published by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), coordinates and guides the response of more than 240 aid organizations in Yemen. This plan was used to analyze the humanitarian response in order to find weaknesses in diminishing the identified direct and structural violence.The main findings are as follows: besides small exceptions, the identified aspects of structural violence are being addressed in the YHRP, which are related to the poor access to health care, food insecurity, poor WASH conditions, spread of infectious diseases and displacement. On the contrary, actions against the manifested direct violence, such as civilian casualties of the fighting, are hardly included in the plan. However, it should be noted that due to the humanitarian principle of neutrality, the aid organizations are obligated to remain neutral and are not permitted to get involved in the conflict. Thus, their inactivity regarding direct violence can be traced back to the humanitarian principle of neutrality.