Le système fiscal local direct français a connu, au cours de ces dernières années, des bouleversements notoires. La taxe professionnelle, qui autrefois constituait la principale source de revenus des communes, après avoir été plusieurs fois l'objet de réformes ou de tentatives de réformes, a été finalement supprimée et remplacée (Loi de Finances pour 2010) par de nouvelles impositions (CET, IFER…). Quant à la taxe d'habitation, elle a, depuis 2000, quasiment perdu de sa pertinence et sa crédibilité comme mode d'imposition à l'échelle locale. Aujourd'hui, l'intérêt pour les collectivités locales, en général, et les communes, en particulier semble, sans doute, se porter sur le foncier bâti, qui n'est rien d'autre que la troisième taxe qui complète le tableau des principaux impôts directs locaux français. La taxe foncière sur les propriétés bâties, grâce aux nombreuses qualités (techniques, juridiques, urbanistiques, économico-spatiales) qu'elle présente en matière d'imposition locale, semble offrir plusieurs possibilités de développement aux communes. En effet, la taxe foncière sur les propriétés bâties rentre dans la catégorie des impôts dits « fonciers » qui sont considérés, par plusieurs auteurs (universitaires, élus locaux, élus nationaux, organisations internationales telles que l'OCDE), comme de bons impôts, voire comme des impôts optimaux. Aussi, la taxe foncière sur les propriétés bâties est un impôt qui peut bien prêter, surtout dans le long et le moyen terme, à des politiques de développement local, d'autant que ses bases, touchant à la fois les ménages et les entreprises, semblent être prêtes pour ces enjeux autour desquels se définissent aujourd'hui les stratégies (économiques et spatiales) de développement territorial : politique de logement (ZAC habitat), politique de développement économique (commerces, bureaux, services, activités industrielles ou entreposage, etc.), étalement urbain, densification urbaine / The French local tax system has been live, over the last few years, notable changes. Business tax, which once was the main source of income of Communes, after being repeatedly subjected to reforms or attempts at reform, was finally removed and replaced (Finance Act 2010) by new taxes (TEC, IFER…). As for the Local residence tax, it has since 2000, almost lost its relevance and credibility as a form of taxation at the local level. Today, interest in local government, in general, and the Communes, in particular, seems no doubt be focused on the Property tax on buildings, which is nothing other than the third tax which complete the picture of French major local direct tax. Property tax on buildings, thanks to the many qualities that it has in terms of local taxation (technical, legal, urban planning, economic and spatial), seems to offer more development opportunities to the Communes. Indeed, the property tax on buildings falls into the category of taxes known as “land taxes” that are considered by several authors (academics, local councillors, national politicians, international organizations such as OECD) as good taxes or optimal taxes. Also, Property tax on buildings is a tax that can pay well, especially as its bases, affecting both households and businesses, seem to be ready for these challenges around which define, today, the territorial development strategies (economic and spatial): housing policies, economic development policies (shops, offices, storage, etc.), urban sprawl, urban densification

Ce travail de thèse interroge la notion d'ancrage territorial dans la mise en œuvre des pratiques de Responsabilité Sociétale d'Entreprise (RSE) en faveur du développement économique territorial. Il relève d'une observation participante adossée au programme Une rivière, un territoire DEVELOPPEMENT initié par l'entreprise EDF au sein du bassin versant de la haute vallée de la Dordogne. D'abord, nous conduisons une étude relative aux fondements théoriques et aux contextes socio-économiques dans lesquels s'inscrivent les processus de co-construction des programmes de RSE territorialisée. Notre premier objectif est de mesurer les attentes des parties prenantes dans l'élaboration de ces programmes afin de comprendre comment ces attentes se matérialisent dans les réponses apportées par les entreprises. Ensuite, nous menons trois expérimentations en développant des formes d'ingénierie territoriale spécifiques. Notre deuxième objectif vise à mesurer la contribution effective du programme d'EDF à l'action publique territoriale, à identifier ses limites ainsi que les nouvelles attentes des acteurs. Enfin, nous confrontons nos résultats au programme cadre initié par EDF en réinterrogeant les concepts de RSE et d'ancrage territorial. Notre troisième objectif est de formuler d'éventuelles évolutions des programmes de RSE territorialisée. Les résultats font apparaître que ces programmes s'inscrivent dans des contextes socio-économiques particuliers. Les expérimentations menées mettent en évidence une contribution effective du programme d'EDF au développement territorial autour de formes d'accompagnement spécifiques favorisant l'émergence de projets qui s'inscrivent dans la gouvernance territoriale. De nouvelles attentes apparaissent autour d'un renforcement de l'interdépendance entre l'entreprise et le territoire, c'est pourquoi, nous proposons une évolution de ces programmes en adjoignant au cadre de référence une approche par la valeur partagée et partenariale destinée à favoriser cette interdépendance. / This thesis work investigates the notion of territorial anchoring throught the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) favouring territorial economic development. This work involves field research through the programme “a river, a territory – DEVELOPMENT” initiated by the EDF corporation within the catchment area of the high Dordogne valley. First we conduct a study of the theoretical foundations and socio-economical contexts in which the territorialised CSR co-construction programme processes are involved. Our first objective is to measure stakeholder expectation during the elaboration of these programmes to understand how these expectations materialise into responses given by corporations. Then, we set up three experiments through the development of specific territorial engineering approaches. Our second objective consists in measuring the effective contribution of the EDF programme for territorial public action, identify its limits and new expectations of its actors. Finally, we compared our results against the programme roadmap initiated by EDF by revisiting the CSR and territorial anchoring concepts. Our third objective is to formulate potential evolutions of territorialised CSR programmes. The results show that these programmes are embedded within particular socio-economic contexts. The conducted experimentations show an effective contribution of the EDF territorial development programme around specific support approaches favouring project emergence within territorial governance. Finally, new expectations appear around a reinforcement of the interdependency between corporations and territories. We then propose an evolution of these programmes by joining roadmaps with an approach based on shared and partnership values aimed at favouring this interdependency.

Propomos esta pesquisa para contribuir com o debate sobre participação política, tendo como objeto de estudo as manifestações dos movimentos socioterritoriais do campo no estado de São Paulo e as políticas públicas reivindicadas, para melhor compreensão da questão agrária e do desenvolvimento territorial rural. Entendemos essas ações dentro do processo de luta pela e na terra, pois além de reivindicarem territórios que se materializam em assentamentos rurais, os movimentos reivindicam também políticas públicas visando desenvolver os territórios conquistados. Utilizando o Banco de Dados da Luta pela Terra (DATALUTA), fontes bibliográficas, documentais e trabalhos de campo, realizamos um estudo das manifestações do período 2000 a 2012, tendo como recorte espacial o estado de São Paulo. Com os dados das manifestações e suas reivindicações realizamos trabalho de campo em dois assentamentos rurais no estado de São Paulo: o assentamento Gleba XV de Novembro, nos municípios de Euclides da Cunha Paulista e Rosana, e o assentamento Fazenda Reunidas, no município de Promissão. A intenção foi de verificar se houve relação entre o reivindicado nesses últimos anos e as políticas públicas implementadas nesses territórios. O objetivo deste projeto é compreender a importância das manifestações camponesas como participação política de movimentos organizados para reivindicação, definição e implementação de políticas públicas para o os seus territórios / We propose this research to contribute to the debate on political participation, with the object of study the manifestations of socio-territorial movements of the field in the state of São Paulo and the claimed public policy, to better understand the agrarian question and the rural territorial development. We believe these actions within the campaign for and on land, as well as claim territories that materialize in rural settlements, movements also claim public policies aimed at developing the conquered territories. Using the Banco de Dados da Luta pela Terra (DATALUTA), bibliographic sources, documentary and field work, carried out a study of the manifestations of the period 2000-2012, with the spatial area the state of São Paulo. With the data of the demonstrations and their claims conducted fieldwork in two rural settlements in São Paulo: the settlement \"Gleba XV de Novembro\" in the municipalities of Euclides da Cunha Paulista and Rosana, and the settlement \"Fazenda Reunidas\", in municipality of Promissão. The intention was to check whether there was a relationship between the claimed in recent years and the public policies implemented in these territories. The objective of this project is to understand the importance of peasant demonstrations as political participation of organized movements to claim, definition and implementation of public policies for their territories.

Propomos esta pesquisa para contribuir com o debate sobre participação política, tendo como objeto de estudo as manifestações dos movimentos socioterritoriais do campo no estado de São Paulo e as políticas públicas reivindicadas, para melhor compreensão da questão agrária e do desenvolvimento territorial rural. Entendemos essas ações dentro do processo de luta pela e na terra, pois além de reivindicarem territórios que se materializam em assentamentos rurais, os movimentos reivindicam também políticas públicas visando desenvolver os territórios conquistados. Utilizando o Banco de Dados da Luta pela Terra (DATALUTA), fontes bibliográficas, documentais e trabalhos de campo, realizamos um estudo das manifestações do período 2000 a 2012, tendo como recorte espacial o estado de São Paulo. Com os dados das manifestações e suas reivindicações realizamos trabalho de campo em dois assentamentos rurais no estado de São Paulo: o assentamento Gleba XV de Novembro, nos municípios de Euclides da Cunha Paulista e Rosana, e o assentamento Fazenda Reunidas, no município de Promissão. A intenção foi de verificar se houve relação entre o reivindicado nesses últimos anos e as políticas públicas implementadas nesses territórios. O objetivo deste projeto é compreender a importância das manifestações camponesas como participação política de movimentos organizados para reivindicação, definição e implementação de políticas públicas para o os seus territórios / We propose this research to contribute to the debate on political participation, with the object of study the manifestations of socio-territorial movements of the field in the state of São Paulo and the claimed public policy, to better understand the agrarian question and the rural territorial development. We believe these actions within the campaign for and on land, as well as claim territories that materialize in rural settlements, movements also claim public policies aimed at developing the conquered territories. Using the Banco de Dados da Luta pela Terra (DATALUTA), bibliographic sources, documentary and field work, carried out a study of the manifestations of the period 2000-2012, with the spatial area the state of São Paulo. With the data of the demonstrations and their claims conducted fieldwork in two rural settlements in São Paulo: the settlement \"Gleba XV de Novembro\" in the municipalities of Euclides da Cunha Paulista and Rosana, and the settlement \"Fazenda Reunidas\", in municipality of Promissão. The intention was to check whether there was a relationship between the claimed in recent years and the public policies implemented in these territories. The objective of this project is to understand the importance of peasant demonstrations as political participation of organized movements to claim, definition and implementation of public policies for their territories.

Esta tese discute a presença de dois fatores determinantes de mudança na região do Oeste Baiano, polarizada pelo centro urbano de Barreiras, sejam: a competitividade regional e a participação local de agentes e instituições no planejamento do desenvolvimento territorial. A discussão se dá em torno dos efeitos gerados pelo processo de inserção competitiva da região de Barreiras, fronteira agrícola no Brasil, que teve na soja o seu vetor de formação sócio-espacial. Avaliam-se algumas questões relativas ao processo de especialização produtiva na cadeia de grãos, com um ciclo de crescimento orientado para o sistema agroindustrial; às mudanças na ocupação espacial, com uma re-configuração do perfil produtivo regional; e, também, aos impactos sócio-econômicos sofridos face à recente dinâmica econômica. A chamada \"inserção competitiva na globalização\" pode ser uma condição necessária para o crescimento econômico, porém não se mostra suficiente para transformar o crescimento em desenvolvimento. Os fatores promotores desta mudança emergem das teorias de desenvolvimento endógeno e territorial, que têm por base o planejamento participativo. Objetiva-se reconhecer a presença ou a ausência, na região de Barreiras, dos fatores determinantes do processo de desenvolvimento, segundo as teorias descritas por Boisier e Vázquez Barquero, através da análise da organização social local, suas lideranças e principais atributos encontrados. As análises teóricas e empíricas realizadas induziram a elaboração de um Plano de Ação para o Oeste Baiano, intitulado \"Prefeitura Inteligente\", que tem uma prática piloto de atuação iniciada na região de Barreiras. Uma avaliação dos resultados preliminares desta atuação piloto foi realizada, permitindo concluir que Barreiras ainda não se mostrou capaz de criar respostas estratégicas ao processo de globalização; mas, por outro lado, apresenta indicativos da possibilidade de mudanças. Há vazios políticos importantes a ocupar; através de novos arranjos institucionais em ações de parceria entre agentes públicos, setor produtivo e sociedade, e, assim, reconhecer, mobilizar e promover o potencial endógeno deste território. Ao mesmo tempo, há manifestações de inconformismo, com o surgimento de lideranças locais com vontade de realizar e que reconhecem no fazer científico um potencial aprendizado. A ação técnica do planejamento aliada à ação política poderão servir aos agentes locais como instrumento de influência e controle para a promoção do desenvolvimento, visando uma globalização mais humana. / This thesis discusses the existence of the two changing determinant factors in west Bahia region, pulled by Barreiras urban area, focused on regional competitiveness and the partaking of local actors and institutions in territorial development planning decision-making. The discussion is about the effects caused by the involvement of Barreiras and the surrounding region, as an agricultural frontier, in the competitive economic process, which has had in large scale soy plantation its socio-spatial arrangement. It also analyses some of the issues related to grain chain specialized production process, with its development cycle based on agro-industrial system; the spatial occupation changes, with the re-shaping of regional productive profile; the socio-economic impacts due to that new economic dynamics. The conception of \"competitive partaking in global economy\" may be a necessary condition for economic growth, but it has not been enough to shape up growth into development. The shifting promoting factors emerge from endogenous, sustainable territorial development theories, whose basis are partaking planning, which can serve local actors as an influence and control tool to shape development promotion actions, in regard to a more humane worldwide economies. The theoretical and empirical analysis have led to the elaboration of a Plan of Action for the west Bahia, named \"Prefeitura Inteligente\" (intelligent Public Management) that had a pilot practice in the region of Barreiras. A preliminary evaluation of the results was then carried out, which allowed inferring that Barreiras has not proved capable yet to create strategic answers to global economic process; but, on the other hand, it shows indications of possible changes. There are important political gaps to bridge, be it through new institutional arrangements, building partnerships among public agents, productive sector and society, in order to acknowledge, mobilize and promote endogenous potential in that territory. On the same time, there has been seen a nonconformity movement, the emerging local leaderships willing to accomplish the goals, who perceive scientific deeds as learning potential. The planning technical framing allied to political actions can serve local agents as instrument of influence and control to promote development, with a view to a more human globalization process.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Osvaldo Martins.pdf: 2210376 bytes, checksum: 151dc166b611d0d9ba127052820e4345 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-07 / The study presented in this master s dissertation holds the objective of evaluating , through the existing theoretical framework on the territorial development theme, the possibility of this approach being considered as an effective, alternative form of leveraging development within its economic, social and environmental amplitudes, in order to become sustainable. Thus, a bibliographic review and a survey of secondary data was conducted, which enable an understanding of the historic process that gives origin to the situation lived by society as a whole nowadays, an understanding of how worldwide economic processes are organized, an identification of the contexts and vectors of development and how the process of territorial management should be developed in the search of results that privilege the quality of life of local societies. Special attention is given to an understanding of the vectors, which enable the process of territorial development and which were separated, for the effect of the study, in the following topics: work, job and income; organizational development; institutional development; policies and credit institutions; technology and innovation; cooperation and networks; social services and infra-structure; information and communication and environmental sustainability. In the management process, we addressed the importance of the articulation of the actors, the planning and the transparent availability of information. On analyzing the set of these vectors and processes, it is concluded that there is the need for a change in the way public management is developed, in the way companies are run and in the thinking of civil society as a whole. The logic of organizational thinking is no longer exclusively top-down, yet is also not exclusively bottom-up. Administrative decentralization and decentralization of financial resources is necessary, the territory needs to be valued and gain independence and new responsibilities, nevertheless the higher levels of government, the great movements of international regulation, in all areas, are also of fundamental importance, for no one is isolated in this world that we live in / O estudo apresentado nesta dissertação de mestrado tem por objetivo avaliar, através do arcabouço teórico existente sobre o tema desenvolvimento territorial, a possibilidade de se considerar este enfoque como uma forma alternativa e eficaz de alavancagem do desenvolvimento em seus aspectos econômico, social e ambiental, tornando-o sustentável. Para tanto, foi efetuada uma revisão bibliográfica e o levantamento de dados secundários que possibilitassem o entendimento do processo histórico que dá origem a situação vivida pela sociedade nos dias de hoje, o entendimento de como se organizam os processos econômicos mundiais, a identificação dos contextos e vetores do desenvolvimento e como deve se desenvolver o processo de gestão territorial na busca de resultados que privilegiem a qualidade de vida das sociedades locais. É dado especial destaque ao entendimento dos vetores que possibilitam o processo de desenvolvimento territorial, os quais foram separados para efeito do estudo nos seguintes temas: trabalho, emprego e renda; desenvolvimento organizacional; desenvolvimento institucional; políticas e instituições de crédito; tecnologia e inovação; cooperação e redes; serviços sociais e infraestrutura; informação e comunicação e sustentabilidade ambiental. Abordou-se no processo de gestão a importância da articulação dos atores, o planejamento e a disponibilização transparente de informações. Da análise do conjunto destes vetores e processos o que se concluí é que existe a necessidade de uma mudança na forma de se desenvolver a gestão pública, na forma como se dirigem as empresas e no pensamento da sociedade civil como um todo. A lógica do pensamento organizacional deixa de ser exclusivamente de cima para baixo, mas também não é exclusivamente de baixo para cima. A descentralização administrativa e de recursos financeiros é necessária, o território precisa ser valorizado e ganhar independência e novas responsabilidades, todavia as instâncias superiores de governo, os grandes movimentos de regulação internacional, em todas as áreas, também são de fundamental importância, pois ninguém está isolado neste mundo em que vivemos

Ce travail traite de la territorialisation de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche (ESR) hors des espaces métropolitains et urbains. La construction de cette thèse repose sur un dialogue théorique et empirique entre deux sphères problématiques : celle relative à la territorialisation de l’ESR et celle relative aux recompositions et crises qui affectent l’action publique locale. Il s’agit, ce faisant, de considérer la territorialisation de l’ESR non plus seulement comme un enjeu ou une variable d’aménagement, mais davantage dans sa participation au développement et à l’action collective sur les territoires. L’auteur suppose ainsi l’existence d’ « opérateurs territoriaux de l’ESR » qui vont chercher à mobiliser les ressources du supérieur dans le cadre des dynamiques collectives locales et de la construction et la valorisation de « ressources territoriales ». Ces « opérateurs » sont considérés comme des « organisations » composites entre « acteurs », « structures », « pratiques » et « démarches » qui vont contribuer à la « stabilisation des interactions » entre territoires et ESR. L’auteur suppose alors que cette stabilisation va contribuer à spécifier les activités d’ESR territorialisées et les rôles qui leur sont affectés. Ce premier niveau d’analyse invite l’auteur à questionner la structuration des relations entre territoires et universités dans une perspective organisationnelle, à la différence de nombreux travaux ayant traité de la synchronisation « cognitive » entre acteurs issus de différentes sphères sociales ou professionnelles. Enfin, ce travail pose la question du rôle des coopérations entre « développeurs territoriaux » et acteurs et activités universitaires. Il analyse alors ces coopérations comme des stratégies d’ « entrepreneuriat institutionnel » permettant à une partie des professionnels des territoires de (se) jouer du flou qui caractérise leur métier et d’en défendre une conception particulière clairement ancrée au sein de l’action collective. En conclusion, l’auteur invite à considérer la territorialisation de l’ESR dans la diversité de ses effets sur les territoires et en sortant d’une vision exclusivement liée à la notion d’excellence. / This work deals with the territorialisation of Higher Education & Research (HER) outside metropolitan and urban areas. The construction of this thesis is based on theoretical and empirical dialogue between two problematic areas: one relating to the territorialisation of HER and the other relating to reshuffles and crises affecting local public action. By doing so, this work proposes to consider territorialisation of HER not only as a planning issue or variable but more in its participation in the development and collective action in the territories. Then, the author assumes the existence of “HER territorial operators” that will seek to mobilize the resources of HER as a part of local collective dynamics and construction and upgrading of “local resources”. These “operators” are considered as « composite organizations » including “actors”, “structures”, “practicals” and “procedures” that will contribute to the “stabilization of interactions” between territories and HER. In turn, this stabilization will contribute to specify territorialized HER’s activities and roles assigned to them. This first level of analysis prompts the author to question relational structuring between territories and universities from an organizational perspective, unlike many studies which have focused on the question of “cognitive synchronization” between actors from different social and professional spheres. Finally, this work questions the role of cooperation between « territorial developers » and actors and academic activities. It reads these cooperations as « institutional entrepreneurship » strategies allowing a part of professionals of territories to play with the vagueness that characterizes their work and to defend a particular conception clearly rooted in the collective action. In conclusion, the author invites to consider the territorialisation of HER in the diversity of its effects on territories and out of a vision exclusively linked to the concept of excellence.

Indicações Geográficas (IG) são institutos da propriedade intelectual aplicáveis a bens e serviços que se caracterizam pelo local de onde são originados (coletados, produzidos ou fabricados), envolvendo questões ambientais, históricas e socioculturais particulares. Segundo a normatização brasileira, podem ser de dois tipos: indicações de procedência (IP) ou denominações de origem (DO). Às IGs são atribuídas diversas vantagens entre as quais destacam-se seu uso co0mo instrumento de proteção legal (do produtor e do consumidor); como instrumento mercadológico de diferenciação e incremento de valor ao produto registrado e a produtos relacionados; como mecanismo de preservação (do patrimônio natural, cultural e histórico, tangível e intangível); e como mecanismo de desenvolvimento social e econômico. Nesse último sentido, o desenvolvimento do Turismo aparece muitas vezes como atividade emergente. A essa atividade é atribuída capacidade de amplificação de questões tais como a geração de emprego e renda e permanência da população no meio rural; de reforço à indicação geográfica; ou ainda como desencadeador do interesse pela obtenção da IG. As indicações geográficas são colocadas como políticas públicas de proteção intelectual que visam o desenvolvimento sustentável, mas há que se considerar as complexas relações e pluralidade de atores existentes nos sistemas territoriais decorrentes de sua propositura. Assim sendo, o presente trabalho se propôs a analisar o sistema territorial conformado pela implementação de uma indicação geográfica. A proposta se realizou por meio do estudo de caso de uma região que possui indicação de procedência de queijo (Região do Serro, em Minas Gerais) com uma abordagem sistêmica embasada na soft system methodology (SSM). Tal metodologia se mostrou a mais indicada para compreensão de sistemas complexos dotados de diversos atores e inter-relações, como o objeto em tela. O esforço de pesquisa pode ser considerado exploratório-descritivo de viés quanti-qualitativo. A coleta de dados envolveu análise documental; observação direta em duas visitas à região; entrevistas (com 14 sujeitos); e questionário (com 103 respostas válidas). A análise se deu preponderantemente por meio de análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva. Houve o uso dos softwares N-vivo, na análise de conteúdo e triangulação de dados, e Visio, na construção de figura rica. O seu marco teórico principal é o de Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Territorial, mas a proposta se faz transdisciplinar na medida em que engloba também questões de Direito, Turismo, entre outras. O sistema territorial conformado pela implementação do registro de IG é particular a cada caso. O do Serro se caracterizou pela participação de instancias locais, regionais, federais e internacionais. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o registro de indicação de procedência, por si só, não gera todos os aspectos do desenvolvimento territorial preconizados pela proposta de IGs. Há, entretanto, alguns elementos do desenvolvimento territorial que podem ter sido estimulados durante o processo de obtenção do registro. São aspectos do capital: humano, físico-econômico e social. Com relação ao uso turístico, verificou-se atitude favorável a atividades relacionadas ao queijo, bem como a existência de seu consumo durante e após a visita, contudo há desconhecimento quanto à IG. Por fim, percebe-se potencial (tanto para o produto em si, quanto para outros setores tais como o turismo) ante a eminente implementação do uso do registro já obtido. / Geographical indications (GI) are intellectual property institutions applicable to assets and services characterized by their place of origin (gathered, produced, or manufactured) and involve specific environmental, historical and socio-cultural issues. According to the Brazilian regulations, they are divided into two types: indication of origin and designation of origin. Several advantages are attributed to the GIs such as their use as a tool for legal protection (for both producer and consumer), as market tool for differentiation and unlocking value of registered and related products, as a mechanism of preservation (of natural, cultural and historical assets, both tangible and intangible), and as mechanism of social and economic development. In the latter meaning, the development of Tourism often figures as an emerging activity, to which is attributed the capability of intensifying issues such as generation of jobs and income, and the permanence of the rural population, the capability of reinforcing the geographical indications, or as factor to foster the interest in obtaining the GI. The geographical indications are set as public policies of intellectual protection aimed at sustainable development; however, it is important to consider the complex relations and variety of players existing in the territorial system resulting from their proposition. In this manner, the present work seeks to analyze the territorial system formed by the implementation of a geographical indication. The proposed research is to be fulfilled by means of the case study of a region with a cheese indication of origin (Serro, Minas Gerais), with a systemic, soft system methodology-based approach. This methodology proved the most indicated to understand complex systems which present multi-players and inter-relations, such as the object in perspective. These are exploratory-descriptive, quantitative and qualitative-biased research efforts. Data gathering involved document analysis, direct observation during visits to the studied region, interview (with 14 subjects), and questionnaire (that obtained 103 valid responses). The analysis was predominantly done by means of content analysis and descriptive statistics. The N-Vivo software was used in the content analysis and data triangulation, and the Visio software was used in the rich figure construction. Its main theoretical background is Public Policies and Territorial Development, although the proposal is interdisciplinary since it also includes subjects regarding Law and Tourism, among other. The territorial system formed by the implementation of a geographical indication is particular to each case. The one of Serro is characterized by the participation of local, regional, federal and international instances. The obtained results indicate that the registration of indication of origin on its own it is not enough to generate all the aspects of territorial development attributed to the GIs\' proposal. There are some elements of the territorial development that might have been stimulated by the registration process. They refer to aspects of human, economic and social capitals. Concerning touristic use of the GI, we found favorable attitude to activities related to cheese, also the existence of consumption, during and after the visit, although there is a lack of knowledge about the GI. Moreover potential (to the product and to other sectors as Tourism) is perceived in the present context of seeking for use of the registry obtained

Depuis les années 1970, un processus de désindustrialisation est à l’œuvre dans l’ensemble des pays industrialisés. Ce processus provient en partie de l’exacerbation de la concurrence internationale mais aussi de mutations structurelles. L’industrie continue de désigner l’ensemble des activités qui concourent à la production de biens matériels. Ses emplois et ses fonctions évoluent cependant, entrainant de profondes divergences territoriales. Dans ce contexte, les territoires de tradition industrielle seraient fragilisés. Face à leur probable déclin, de multiples pistes de redéveloppement s’appuyant sur des leviers culturels, patrimoniaux, touristiques ou encore résidentiels sont mises en évidence. Leurs capacités productives futures ne sont paradoxalement que rarement interrogées. Cette thèse pose la question d’un avenir productif pour ces territoires, en France, en particulier lorsqu’ils se situent hors de grandes aires urbaines. En admettant que les origines du changement territorial peuvent être aussi bien exogènes qu’endogènes et que les territoires sont majoritairement dépendants de leur passé, cette thèse propose une analyse tenant compte des trajectoires locales au cours des cinquante dernières années. Cette recherche s’appuie sur une méthodologie mixte combinant des éléments quantitatifs, à l’échelle de l’ensemble des bassins industriels français, et qualitatifs à partir de trois cas d’étude : le Bocage Bressuirais, Romans-sur-Isère et Annonay. Elle invite à prendre en compte la diversité des territoires et à reconsidérer leur fragilité économique et sociodémographique d’ensemble. Ce faisant, elle montre qu’un renouvellement productif y est possible et détaille les multiples trajectoires empruntables face à l’apparition de nouveaux enjeux numériques, de durabilité ou encore, liés à l’innovation sociale. / Since the 1970s, a process of deindustrialisation has taken place in all industrialized countries. This process comes partly from the exacerbation of international competition but also from structural changes. The industry continues to designate all activities that contribute to the production of material goods. Its jobs and functions evolve, however, leading to deep territorial divergences.In this context, the traditionally industrial territories are said to be weakened. Faced with their probable decline, multiple avenues of redevelopment are highlighted, based on cultural, heritage, tourism or residential levers. Paradoxically, their future productive capacities are rarely questioned. This thesis raises the question of a productive future for these territories, in France, especially when they are located outside large urban areas.Assuming that the origins of territorial change can be both exogenous and endogenous, and that territories are largely dependent on their past, this thesis proposes an analysis that takes into account local trajectories over the last fifty years. This research is based on a mixed methodology combining quantitative elements, at the scale of all French industrial living areas, and qualitative from three case studies: Bocage Bressuirais, Romans-sur-Isère and Annonay. This thesis invites us to take into account the diversity of territories and to reconsider their overall economic and sociodemographic fragility. In doing so, it shows that a productive renewal is possible. The thesis finally details the multiple paths that can be borrowed face to the emergence of new challenges like digital, sustainability and social innovation.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-22T18:29:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Patr?cia Matias de Oliveira.pdf: 4157901 bytes, checksum: c1f04c6aaf7e310880932fe569e4b6ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T18:29:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Patr?cia Matias de Oliveira.pdf: 4157901 bytes, checksum: c1f04c6aaf7e310880932fe569e4b6ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-04 / CAPES / This study aimed to analyze urban entrepreneurship in peripheral cities. We discuss the entrepreneurial practices of the cities that compose the "Western Border Metrpolitan" (Itagua?, Japeri, Paracambi, Queimados, and Serop?dica). These municipalities had their potential for increased industrial and logistical attractiveness due to the inauguration of the Metropolitan Arch and fiscal incentives policies. In this way, municipal governments have used strategic geographical position, empty land and other facilities, to attract new investors to this region. The results show recent transformations and constant efforts to ensure a promising "investment image" of the region. We observe that cities are committed to adopting the model of Urban Entrepreneurship, in the effort to become a commodity to be consumed, adopting strong rhetorical discourse of how indispensable it is for its growth and development. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o empreendedorismo urbano em cidades perif?ricas. Discutimos as pr?ticas empreendedoras das cidades que comp?em a ?Borda Oeste Metropolitana? (Itagua?, Japeri, Paracambi, Queimados, e Serop?dica). Esses munic?pios tiveram seu potencial de atratividade industrial e log?stico aumentado devido ? inaugura??o do Arco Metropolitano e pol?ticas de incentivos fiscais. Dessa forma, as prefeituras municipais t?m se utilizado da posi??o geogr?fica estrat?gica, terrenos vazios e outras facilidades, para atrair novos investidores para essa regi?o. Os resultados mostram transforma??es recentes e esfor?os constantes para garantir uma ?imagem? de regi?o promissora a investimentos. Observamos que as cidades se empenham em adotar o modelo de gest?o p?blica empreendedora, no esfor?o de transformar-se em mercadoria para ser consumida, adotando forte discurso ret?rico do qu?o isso ? indispens?vel para seu crescimento e desenvolvimento.