<p>SAMMANFATTNING</p><p>Syftet var att undersöka hur personer med Kronisk Obstruktiv Lungsjukdom (KOL) upplever ambulanssjukvårdens omhändertagande och bemötande vid akuta besvär i hemmet och under pågående ambulanstransport. Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Hjärt och lungsjukas förening i Dalarna kontaktades för att förmedla respondenter till studien. Totalt intervjuades fem kvinnor och tre män utifrån de kriterier att de skulle ha diagnosen KOL samt att under de senaste tre åren varit i kontakt med sjuksköterska inom ambulanssjukvården i Landstinget Dalarna. Intervjuerna var semistrukturerade med öppna frågor. Deltagarna i studien fick berätta om sina erfarenheter, upplevelser samt ambulanspersonalens bemötande i omvårdnadssituationer i hemmet och under pågående ambulanstransport. Data analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet redovisas med fem övergripande kategorier och tretton subkategorier som beskriver deras upplevelse av bemötandet och omhändertagandet. Det framkom i studien att deltagarna upplevt ett lugnt och trevligt bemötande från sjuksköterskan inom Ambulanssjukvården Dalarna. Personerna i studien upplevde även trygghet under vårdsituationen i det akuta sjukdomstillståndet som KOL förorsakat.</p><p>Nyckelord: Bemötande, Omhändertagande, Upplevelse, KOL</p> / <p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The aim was to investigate how Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients experience the approach and medical care provided by ambulance workers during transportations and domestic emergencies. The investigation was carried out as a qualitative interview study. The heart and lung-disease association in Dalarna was contacted in order to supply respondents to the study. Overall five women and three men were interviewed, based on the criteria that they would all be diagnosed with COPD and that they had, during the past three years, been in contact with a nurse within the ambulance health care in the county council of Dalarna. The interviews were semi structured with open questions. All participants got to tell about their experiences and how they were received, approached and treated by ambulance workers when having domestic emergencies or during ambulance transportations. Data were parsed on the basis of a qualitative analysis. The result is presented in five main categories and thirteen subcategories which describes the participant’s experiences with approaches and treatments. The people investigated felt very secure during treatments given to them in their urgent state of illness caused by COPD. It came to light that participants experienced a composed and pleasant approach from the nurse within the ambulance healthcare in Dalarna.</p><p>Keywords: Attitude, take care of, experience, COPD</p>

SAMMANFATTNING Syftet var att undersöka hur personer med Kronisk Obstruktiv Lungsjukdom (KOL) upplever ambulanssjukvårdens omhändertagande och bemötande vid akuta besvär i hemmet och under pågående ambulanstransport. Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Hjärt och lungsjukas förening i Dalarna kontaktades för att förmedla respondenter till studien. Totalt intervjuades fem kvinnor och tre män utifrån de kriterier att de skulle ha diagnosen KOL samt att under de senaste tre åren varit i kontakt med sjuksköterska inom ambulanssjukvården i Landstinget Dalarna. Intervjuerna var semistrukturerade med öppna frågor. Deltagarna i studien fick berätta om sina erfarenheter, upplevelser samt ambulanspersonalens bemötande i omvårdnadssituationer i hemmet och under pågående ambulanstransport. Data analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet redovisas med fem övergripande kategorier och tretton subkategorier som beskriver deras upplevelse av bemötandet och omhändertagandet. Det framkom i studien att deltagarna upplevt ett lugnt och trevligt bemötande från sjuksköterskan inom Ambulanssjukvården Dalarna. Personerna i studien upplevde även trygghet under vårdsituationen i det akuta sjukdomstillståndet som KOL förorsakat. Nyckelord: Bemötande, Omhändertagande, Upplevelse, KOL / ABSTRACT The aim was to investigate how Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients experience the approach and medical care provided by ambulance workers during transportations and domestic emergencies. The investigation was carried out as a qualitative interview study. The heart and lung-disease association in Dalarna was contacted in order to supply respondents to the study. Overall five women and three men were interviewed, based on the criteria that they would all be diagnosed with COPD and that they had, during the past three years, been in contact with a nurse within the ambulance health care in the county council of Dalarna. The interviews were semi structured with open questions. All participants got to tell about their experiences and how they were received, approached and treated by ambulance workers when having domestic emergencies or during ambulance transportations. Data were parsed on the basis of a qualitative analysis. The result is presented in five main categories and thirteen subcategories which describes the participant’s experiences with approaches and treatments. The people investigated felt very secure during treatments given to them in their urgent state of illness caused by COPD. It came to light that participants experienced a composed and pleasant approach from the nurse within the ambulance healthcare in Dalarna. Keywords: Attitude, take care of, experience, COPD

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:32:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valdinea Luiz Hertel.pdf: 12672724 bytes, checksum: 3eabf9a00f013b0b7deca437261dff97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-06-25 / The present work is in the research line Institutional Avaliation . Its purpose is to know taking care conceptions in Nursing, identify used strategies to the teaching of taking care, reflect on the responsibility of the discipline: Fundamental Semiology Notions in the construction of taking care in Nursing as weel to understanding the logical applied to Methodological resorts choice to the process of taking care teaching. The researched people were 15 academic teaching staff and professionals in Nursing at Wenceslau Braz Nursing School. We chose to congratulate the investigation, having as a theorical methodological support the quality approach in which one it was pointed the obtained data in mainly three categories to the elaborating analyses: Taking care conceptions in Nursing, Pedagogical principles of taking care teaching, The objective of the disciplines in professional Education. The results concerning to the teaching staff are divided among technical, humanist and changing views. The ones who defende humanistic conception keep valueing the the technical racionality. We got to the conclusion that we need to rescue in the Nursing School the Care Education centered in the human approach through the reorganization of the Pedagogical work. / Este trabalho est? inserido na Linha de Pesquisa Avalia??o Institucional . Teve como objetivos conhecer as concep??es de cuidar em Enfermagem, identificar as estrat?gias utilizadas para o ensino do cuidar, refletir sobre a responsabilidade da disciplina No??es Fundamentais de Semiologia na constru??o do cuidar em Enfermagem e, tamb?m, compreender a l?gica utilizada na escolha de recursos metodol?gicos para o processo do ensino do cuidar. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram quinze docentes com forma??o acad?mica e profissional em Enfermagem da Escola de Enfermagem Wenceslau Braz. Optamos por privilegiar a investiga??o, tendo como suporte te?rico-metodol?gico a abordagem qualitativa, na qual delimitamos os dados obtidos em tr?s categorias constru?das a priori para elabora??o da an?lise: Concep??es de Cuidar em Enfermagem, Princ?pios Pedag?gicos no Ensino do Cuidar e o Papel das Disciplinas na Forma??o Profissional . Constatamos que quanto ? concep??o de cuidar em Enfermagem, os docentes encontram-se divididos entre a vis?o tecnicista, humanista e a de transi??o. Os que defendem a concep??o human?stica continuam valorizando a racionalidade t?cnica. Chegamos ? conclus?o de que precisamos resgatar na Enfermagem uma educa??o centrada na humaniza??o do cuidado, atrav?s da reorganiza??o do trabalho pedag?gico.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MerciaMariaPaivaGaudencio.pdf: 1144653 bytes, checksum: f0d6c0e8db35907fc305c12615b0f453 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-11-22 / The care/cared relations, even as old as men, remain current and central to the comprehension of the senses attributed to the health/diasease process. On this perspective and in conjunction with the factors related to the population aging, in the demented illness and about the necessary care, it arises the problem of the demented old people family care-talcer. One of the sides of this problem was investigated with the purpose of characterizing the care and the old people, as well as aprehend and analyze the care/cared representation elaborated by this group of subjects. So, the Social Representation Theory was the support and guarantee of a quanti-qualitative approach of multidiscipline charater. The method used resulted in the organization of a coupus compounded by discursive material collecled with the help of twenty care-takers who live in the city of Campina Grande, PB. To collect data it was used a free-association test, semi-structured interview and a quiz to characterize the care-takers and the old sick people. To analyze it was uied a descriptive statistic treatment of the qualilied data and the technique of the collected speech content thematic analysis. Such procedures resulted in the characterization and context of the care-takers and old people and on the identification of 4 categories of care/cared: pragmatic manifestation, afective, philosophical aspect and temporal manifestation. These categories are representatives poles around cuhich articulate and structure representations that show the transformation of the strange, that the dement pictures involve, into a family. It indicales, yet, the results toward the social silence aroud the problem of the old demented people care-takers, and, simultaneously, toward to the necessity of carry on investigations about a theme so close to us, but still so invisible / As relações de cuidar/cuidado, embora tão antigas quanto o homem, permanecem atuais e centrais para a compreensão dos sentidos atribuídos ao processo saúde/doença. Ao refletirmos sobre esta perspectiva e associa-la aos fatores envolvidos no processo de envelhecimento comprometido por uma patologia, no caso a doença demencial, emergiu a problemática do cuidador familiar. Uma das faces deste problema foi investigada, objetivando caracterizar os cuidadores e os idosos, bem como apreender e analisar as representações do cuidar/cuidado elaboradas por este grupo de sujeitos. Para tanto, a Teoria das Representações Sociais foi suporte e garantia de uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa de caráter multidisciplinar. O percurso metodológico empreendido resultou na organização de um corpus constituído por material discursivo coletado junto a vinte cuidadores, residentes na cidade de Campina Grande, PB. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados um teste de associação-livre, entrevista semi-estruturada e questionário para a caracterização dos cuidadores e dos idosos. Para a análise, recorreu-se ao tratamento estatístico descritivo e à técnica da análise temática de conteúdo. Tais procedimentos possibilitaram a caracterização dos cuidadores e dos idosos, e viabilizaram a identificação de quatro categorias do cuidar/cuidado: manifestações pragmáticas, afetivas, de cunho filosófico e manifestações da temporalidade. Essas categorias são pólos representacionais em torno dos quais se articulam e se estruturam representações que indicam a transformação do estranho, que os quadros demenciais comportam, em familiar. Apontam, ainda os resultados, para o silêncio social em torno da problemática do cuidador de idosos demenciados, e, simultaneamente para a necessidade de se empreender investigações sobre uma temática tão próxima de todos nós, mas ainda tão invisível

70f. / Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-03T16:50:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ednamare%20Silva.pdf: 1130099 bytes, checksum: 57850224f418e27fa7503067eae14a35 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-04-09T17:41:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Ednamare%20Silva.pdf: 1130099 bytes, checksum: 57850224f418e27fa7503067eae14a35 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-09T17:41:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ednamare%20Silva.pdf: 1130099 bytes, checksum: 57850224f418e27fa7503067eae14a35 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Cuidar de pacientes fora de possibilidades terapêuticas de cura constitui-se em um desafio, principalmente para as enfermeiras intensivistas, por ser um cuidar relacionado à idéia de morte e por um imaginário de que a UTI é um local somente para salvar vidas, curar doenças, não sendo, portanto o local adequado para cuidar desses pacientes. Diante disso, muitas enfermeiras assumem diferentes comportamentos e atitudes diante desses pacientes. Deste modo, este estudo teve como objetivos conhecer e analisar a visão das enfermeiras intensivistas sobre o cuidar de pacientes fora de possibilidades terapêuticas de cura. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa. Participaram deste estudo as enfermeiras de assistência das UTIs de adultos de determinado hospital filantrópico e privado, de grande porte, localizado na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. A técnica de coleta de dados utilizada foi a entrevista semi-estruturada. Na análise de conteúdo, os dados permitiram identificar os temas, cuidado profissional, o cuidado sensível, o cuidado solidário e o cuidar ético. Estes resultados possibilitaram também, identificar que estes quatro tipos de cuidar para as enfermeiras intensivistas, estão intrinsecamente relacionados, não existindo uma linha divisória entre eles. Finalizamos este estudo com a esperança de que as enfermeiras intensivistas, apreendam cada vez mais e entendam que se faz necessário a adoção e a implementação de um cuidar cada vez mais efetivo, reconhecendo o indivíduo como ser dotado de múltiplas faces, e que necessita de ajuda contínua para o enfrentamento do seu adoecimento e processo de terminalidade, ajuda essa que é, e deve ser fornecida pelo profissional que tem o cuidar como seu fazer. / Salvador

Nesta Dissertação problematizo a Educação Infantil no processo de escolarização, a partir de efeitos de sentidos produzidos pelo sujeito-professora sobre as suas práticas realizadas na escola. Fundamento a pesquisa na Análise de Discurso (AD) de linha francesa, fundada por Michel Pêcheux, enfocando principalmente, desse referencial teórico-analítico, as noções de: discurso, efeitos de sentidos, interdiscurso e intradiscurso; história, memória discursiva, sujeito, língua, interpretação, tipologia dos discursos; e busco a estabelecer diálogo a partir do aporte de pesquisas sobre infância e educação. O corpus para a análise discursiva, reunindo materialidades verbais e não verbais, consiste em sequências discursivas que apontam aos pronunciamentos das professoras em entrevistas, gravadas e transcritas, e em fotografias que remetem à experiência da pesquisadora como professora na mesma instituição: uma Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil localizada no município de Novo Hamburgo-RS, nos anos de 2012 e 2013. A análise, tomando como eixos o cuidar, o brincar e o educar, tal como um mosaico discursivo, evidenciou o modo como a área de Educação Infantil está sendo significada na referida instituição, por meio dos efeitos de sentidos a seguir indicados: sensibilidade; brincar (socialização, brincar livre na pracinha, brincar festejando, psicomotricidade, fantasia, produção do brincar, brincar espontâneo, disputa pelo brinquedo, professora brincalhona); cuidar (o retorno que eles dão pra gente, cantinho da família, rotina de cuidados, o toque das mãos, o olhar da professora); educar (educar com disciplina, rotina, autonomia, pedagogia de projetos, intencionalidade, avaliação criteriosa, responsabilidade do trabalho, interação com a família, educar para a sociabilidade; cuidar junto com educar, brincar junto com educar e brincar junto com cuidar). Esses sentidos, circulando na instituição, representam as posições discursivas do sujeito-professora que mobiliza a memória da área de Educação Infantil por meio de suas práticas, neste momento histórico de escolarização da infância. / This Dissertation discusses Early Childhood Education in the schooling process, from the meaning effects produced by the subject-teacher on her practices performed in school. The research is grounded in Discourse Analysis (DA) of the French line, founded by Michel Pêcheux, focusing mainly this theoretical-analytical framework, the notions of: speech, meaning effects, and interdiscourse, intradiscourse; history, discursive memory, subject, language, interpretation, typology of the speeches; and seeks to establish dialogue from the contribution of research on childhood and education. The corpus for discourse analysis, gathering verbal and nonverbal materiality, consists of discursive sequences that link the pronouncements of teachers in interviews were taped and transcribed, and photographs that relate to the experience of the researcher as a teacher at the same institution: a Municipal Early Childhood Education School located in Novo Hamburgo (Rio Grande do Sul state), in the years 2012 and 2013. Analysis, taking as axes the care, playing and educating, such as a discursive mosaic, showed how the Early Childhood Education area is being meant in that institution, through the direction effects given below: sensitivity; play (socialization, free play in the playground, play partying, psychomotor, fantasy, play production, spontaneous play, struggle for toy, playful teacher); care (the return they give to us, the family corner, routine care, the touch of the hands, the teacher's view ); education (education with discipline, routine, autonomy, pedagogy project, intentionality, careful evaluation, job responsibility, interaction with family, educating for sociability; care along with educating, playing along with educating and play along with care). These meanings, circling in the institution, represent the discursive positions of the subject-teacher who mobilizes the memory of the Early Childhood Education area through her practices, in this historical moment of childhood schooling.

Nesta Dissertação problematizo a Educação Infantil no processo de escolarização, a partir de efeitos de sentidos produzidos pelo sujeito-professora sobre as suas práticas realizadas na escola. Fundamento a pesquisa na Análise de Discurso (AD) de linha francesa, fundada por Michel Pêcheux, enfocando principalmente, desse referencial teórico-analítico, as noções de: discurso, efeitos de sentidos, interdiscurso e intradiscurso; história, memória discursiva, sujeito, língua, interpretação, tipologia dos discursos; e busco a estabelecer diálogo a partir do aporte de pesquisas sobre infância e educação. O corpus para a análise discursiva, reunindo materialidades verbais e não verbais, consiste em sequências discursivas que apontam aos pronunciamentos das professoras em entrevistas, gravadas e transcritas, e em fotografias que remetem à experiência da pesquisadora como professora na mesma instituição: uma Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil localizada no município de Novo Hamburgo-RS, nos anos de 2012 e 2013. A análise, tomando como eixos o cuidar, o brincar e o educar, tal como um mosaico discursivo, evidenciou o modo como a área de Educação Infantil está sendo significada na referida instituição, por meio dos efeitos de sentidos a seguir indicados: sensibilidade; brincar (socialização, brincar livre na pracinha, brincar festejando, psicomotricidade, fantasia, produção do brincar, brincar espontâneo, disputa pelo brinquedo, professora brincalhona); cuidar (o retorno que eles dão pra gente, cantinho da família, rotina de cuidados, o toque das mãos, o olhar da professora); educar (educar com disciplina, rotina, autonomia, pedagogia de projetos, intencionalidade, avaliação criteriosa, responsabilidade do trabalho, interação com a família, educar para a sociabilidade; cuidar junto com educar, brincar junto com educar e brincar junto com cuidar). Esses sentidos, circulando na instituição, representam as posições discursivas do sujeito-professora que mobiliza a memória da área de Educação Infantil por meio de suas práticas, neste momento histórico de escolarização da infância. / This Dissertation discusses Early Childhood Education in the schooling process, from the meaning effects produced by the subject-teacher on her practices performed in school. The research is grounded in Discourse Analysis (DA) of the French line, founded by Michel Pêcheux, focusing mainly this theoretical-analytical framework, the notions of: speech, meaning effects, and interdiscourse, intradiscourse; history, discursive memory, subject, language, interpretation, typology of the speeches; and seeks to establish dialogue from the contribution of research on childhood and education. The corpus for discourse analysis, gathering verbal and nonverbal materiality, consists of discursive sequences that link the pronouncements of teachers in interviews were taped and transcribed, and photographs that relate to the experience of the researcher as a teacher at the same institution: a Municipal Early Childhood Education School located in Novo Hamburgo (Rio Grande do Sul state), in the years 2012 and 2013. Analysis, taking as axes the care, playing and educating, such as a discursive mosaic, showed how the Early Childhood Education area is being meant in that institution, through the direction effects given below: sensitivity; play (socialization, free play in the playground, play partying, psychomotor, fantasy, play production, spontaneous play, struggle for toy, playful teacher); care (the return they give to us, the family corner, routine care, the touch of the hands, the teacher's view ); education (education with discipline, routine, autonomy, pedagogy project, intentionality, careful evaluation, job responsibility, interaction with family, educating for sociability; care along with educating, playing along with educating and play along with care). These meanings, circling in the institution, represent the discursive positions of the subject-teacher who mobilizes the memory of the Early Childhood Education area through her practices, in this historical moment of childhood schooling.

Nesta Dissertação problematizo a Educação Infantil no processo de escolarização, a partir de efeitos de sentidos produzidos pelo sujeito-professora sobre as suas práticas realizadas na escola. Fundamento a pesquisa na Análise de Discurso (AD) de linha francesa, fundada por Michel Pêcheux, enfocando principalmente, desse referencial teórico-analítico, as noções de: discurso, efeitos de sentidos, interdiscurso e intradiscurso; história, memória discursiva, sujeito, língua, interpretação, tipologia dos discursos; e busco a estabelecer diálogo a partir do aporte de pesquisas sobre infância e educação. O corpus para a análise discursiva, reunindo materialidades verbais e não verbais, consiste em sequências discursivas que apontam aos pronunciamentos das professoras em entrevistas, gravadas e transcritas, e em fotografias que remetem à experiência da pesquisadora como professora na mesma instituição: uma Escola Municipal de Educação Infantil localizada no município de Novo Hamburgo-RS, nos anos de 2012 e 2013. A análise, tomando como eixos o cuidar, o brincar e o educar, tal como um mosaico discursivo, evidenciou o modo como a área de Educação Infantil está sendo significada na referida instituição, por meio dos efeitos de sentidos a seguir indicados: sensibilidade; brincar (socialização, brincar livre na pracinha, brincar festejando, psicomotricidade, fantasia, produção do brincar, brincar espontâneo, disputa pelo brinquedo, professora brincalhona); cuidar (o retorno que eles dão pra gente, cantinho da família, rotina de cuidados, o toque das mãos, o olhar da professora); educar (educar com disciplina, rotina, autonomia, pedagogia de projetos, intencionalidade, avaliação criteriosa, responsabilidade do trabalho, interação com a família, educar para a sociabilidade; cuidar junto com educar, brincar junto com educar e brincar junto com cuidar). Esses sentidos, circulando na instituição, representam as posições discursivas do sujeito-professora que mobiliza a memória da área de Educação Infantil por meio de suas práticas, neste momento histórico de escolarização da infância. / This Dissertation discusses Early Childhood Education in the schooling process, from the meaning effects produced by the subject-teacher on her practices performed in school. The research is grounded in Discourse Analysis (DA) of the French line, founded by Michel Pêcheux, focusing mainly this theoretical-analytical framework, the notions of: speech, meaning effects, and interdiscourse, intradiscourse; history, discursive memory, subject, language, interpretation, typology of the speeches; and seeks to establish dialogue from the contribution of research on childhood and education. The corpus for discourse analysis, gathering verbal and nonverbal materiality, consists of discursive sequences that link the pronouncements of teachers in interviews were taped and transcribed, and photographs that relate to the experience of the researcher as a teacher at the same institution: a Municipal Early Childhood Education School located in Novo Hamburgo (Rio Grande do Sul state), in the years 2012 and 2013. Analysis, taking as axes the care, playing and educating, such as a discursive mosaic, showed how the Early Childhood Education area is being meant in that institution, through the direction effects given below: sensitivity; play (socialization, free play in the playground, play partying, psychomotor, fantasy, play production, spontaneous play, struggle for toy, playful teacher); care (the return they give to us, the family corner, routine care, the touch of the hands, the teacher's view ); education (education with discipline, routine, autonomy, pedagogy project, intentionality, careful evaluation, job responsibility, interaction with family, educating for sociability; care along with educating, playing along with educating and play along with care). These meanings, circling in the institution, represent the discursive positions of the subject-teacher who mobilizes the memory of the Early Childhood Education area through her practices, in this historical moment of childhood schooling.

Ce travail de thèse a pour objectif d’aider à la compréhension de ce que ressentent les IBODE (Infirmier(ère) de Bloc Opératoire Diplômé(e) d’Etat) dans l’exercice d’une activité professionnelle en pleine évolution : législation réorganisant le système de santé français et impactant fortement les blocs opératoires, nouveaux référentiels d’activités et de compétences IBODE, validation des acquis de l’expérience, actes exclusifs IBODE … Il interroge l’éventuel inconfort psychologique vécu par ces personnels lorsqu’ils ne respectent pas de façon consciente les bonnes pratiques en commettant des violations routinières (Bourrier, 1999), par nécessité ou par commodité (Reason, 2013). Ces soignants prônent en général des valeurs professionnelles telles que le « prendre soin » (Hesbeen, 1997), la rigueur, la sécurité et la qualité des soins, et ressentent un inconfort au regard des violations de quelques natures soient-elles dans la mesure où celles-ci majorent les risques opératoires encourus par les patients. La théorie de la dissonance cognitive (Festinger, 1957) peut aider à la compréhension de tels phénomènes en ce que ces professionnels mobilisent des cognitions incompatibles : sécurité, prévention des risques d’un côté, violations de l’autre. Deux méthodologies complémentaires sont utilisées. L’enquête quantitative avec la méthode du questionnaire permet la mise en correspondance des cognitions, des valeurs, des pratiques perfectibles et des émotions ressenties par les IBODE. Une échelle d’affects auto-rapportés de 20 items est utilisée à cette fin (Lecrique, 2007). L’enquête qualitative par entretiens et leur analyse thématique mettent en évidence différentes stratégies de réduction de dissonance. La discussion finale porte sur le contexte professionnel dans lequel évolue ces professionnels, contexte susceptible de normaliser les violations en générant de ce fait l’accroissement d’une zone accidentogène (Amalberti et al., 2006) aux dépens de la garantie des soins sécuritaires au service du patient. / The aim of this thesis is to raise awareness of how State Qualified Operating Room Nurses deal with the constant evolutions of their professional activity, such as legislation to reorganize the French health system which impacts strongly on operating rooms, new standards of activities and skills for operating room nurses, validation of work knowledge and experience, exclusive operating room acts, etc. It investigates the potential psychological discomfort felt by the personnel when they consciously avoid respecting good practices by committing routine violations (Bourrier, 1999) either through necessity or convenience (Reason, 2013). These nurses generally extoll the virtues of professional health care, notably “taking care” (Hesbeen, 1997), rigour, safety, quality treatment, and feel uncomfortable when committing any sort of violation which could increase the surgical risks for the patient. The theory of cognitive dissonance (Festinger, 1957) can help to understand such phenomenon insofar as these professionals combine incompatible cognitions such as safety and avoiding risks on the one hand, and violations on the other. Two complimentary methodologies are used here. The questionnaire of the quantitative survey allows the cognitions, values, and perfectible practices to be matched with the emotions felt by the nurses. A scale of 20 selfrelated affects is used to achieve this (Lecrique, 2007). The interviews and their thematic analysis of the qualitative survey bring to light different strategies for reducing dissonance. The final discussion deals with the professional context in which the nurses evolve, a context which is likely to normalize violations by generating an increase in accident-prone zones (Amalberti and al., 2006), at the expense of guaranteeing safe treatment in the service of the patient.

This dissertation considers the possible influence of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 on the common law obligations of the seller vis-à-vis: 1) risk and duty to take care, 2) eviction and 3) defects. Before one can have a look at the influence of new legislation on the common law, it is necessary to first go backward to look at where it all started in order to understand any possible influence. In the first chapter there is therefore a historical overview of the common law in general as well as the law of contract. Reference is also made to the Roman law perspective as well as the Roman concept of contract; the Roman-Dutch law perspective as well as the Roman-Dutch concept of contract; and the South African law perspective as well as the South African concept of contract. In chapter 2 the common law and the law of contract is discussed in general with reference to concepts such as ownership, law of obligation, and the emptio venditio. Chapter 3 deals with the essence of this dissertation as we look at the common law obligations of the seller and in specific the risk and duty of the seller to take care of the thing sold until it is handed over to the buyer (factors that influence the duty to take care, passing of risk, and passing of risk in sales by way of consignment); the seller‟s warranty against eviction (including the obligations of the buyer when there is a threat of possible eviction); and the seller‟s warranty against latent defects (ex lege warranties, ex contractu warranties, the actio empti and the aedilitian actions). In chapter 4 there is a very short discussion on the influence of the Constitution of South Africa, 1996 in general as well as specifically on the law of contract. Chapter 5 deals with the influence of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 in general, specifically on the law of contract (why an Act to protect the interests of consumers?) and then the influence on risk and the seller‟s duty to take care of the thing sold (the consumer‟s right to return goods; the supplier‟s obligation to draw potential risk of an unusual character or that the consumer could not reasonably be expected to be aware of or that could result in serious injury or death to the attention of the consumer), the influence on the seller‟s warranty against eviction (the consumer‟s right to assume that the supplier is entitled to sell the goods; sections 44 and 51) and the influence on the seller‟s warranty against latent defects (disclosure of reconditioned or grey market goods; quality of goods). The conclusion follows in chapter 6. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Mercantile Law / unrestricted