This study presents an analysis of the role that the English Language plays nowadays, and this is done by taking into account the implications of the uses of New Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the teaching-learning process, as well as the changes that have been occurring in the work and education worlds, as a result of the process of globalization of the capitalist economy. Some reflections are also presented, related to the transformation that foreign language teaching has already been through up until the birth of what we know as the Communicative Approach, for this is the methodological path that is considered to be the most appropriate for the current needs of communication among different peoples. As a conclusion, this idiom, which is ever more present in different social instances - either in international commercial transactions or on the personal level, mainly when its use is directly connected to ICT - needs to be taught in a way that leads, more than at any other moment in history, to the development of communicative competence so that it will be in tune with the current context of information exchange at a global level. We believe that the use of ICT applied to the teaching of languages can become a valuable tool, as long as there is an understanding about the methodology that will support such pedagogical practice, because technology itself does not represent a teaching method, but a means that can either help in the transformation of the teaching process or give continuation to conservative pedagogical practices that do not answer the current demands of our society. / Este estudo apresenta uma análise do papel que a língua inglesa ocupa hoje e o faz levando em consideração as implicações dos usos das Novas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (NTICs) no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de idiomas, bem como as mudanças que vêm ocorrendo no mundo do trabalho e da educação, decorrentes do processo de globalização da economia capitalista. Também são apresentadas reflexões a respeito das transformações pelas quais o ensino de língua estrangeira já passou até chegar ao que hoje conhecemos como Abordagem Comunicativa, por ser esse o caminho metodológico considerado como o mais adequado às necessidades atuais de comunicação entre diferentes povos. Conclui-se que esse idioma, que está cada vez mais presente nas diferentes instâncias sociais - seja em transações internacionais comerciais ou pessoais, principalmente quando seu uso está diretamente vinculado às NTICs - precisa ser ministrado de maneira a levar, mais do que em outros momentos da história, ao desenvolvimento de competências comunicativas para estar em consonância com o atual contexto de troca de informações em nível global. Acreditamos que a aplicação das NTICs ao ensino de línguas pode servir como uma ferramenta muito valiosa, desde que haja um entendimento a respeito da metodologia que irá embasar tal prática pedagógica, pois a tecnologia, por si só, não representa um método de ensino, mas um meio que pode tanto auxiliar na transformação do ensino ou dar continuidade a práticas pedagógicas tradicionais que não atendem às demandas atuais de nossa sociedade.

Orientadores: Jose Carlos Paes de Almeida Filho, Brian Tomlinson / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T21:46:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gottheim_Liliana_D.pdf: 35311287 bytes, checksum: b1ef646971b60466ed2a506f9b6ea582 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O objetivo, deste trabalho, foi estudar o processo de composição de um material didático em abordagem comunicacional para um curso de PLE (de 35-40 horas). O material foi construído com o propósito de propiciar momentos de uso de língua na comunicação, por meio de conteúdos da formação social e histórica da população brasileira. A ênfase deste estudo situou-se no entendimento da concepção de produção da autora, ou seja, no que ¿fez acontecer¿ certas ações na sala de aula, numa tentativa de explicitar os conhecimentos formais e informais envolvidos na produção de textos e atividades. A primeira versão desse material surgiu em trabalho de Mestrado (1994-1996) e a segunda, no Doutorado (2004); ambas elaboradas para alunos que já possuíam um nível mínimo de proficiência, suficiente para interpretar e produzir textos versados sobre o tema escolhido. A curiosidade para produzir um material alicerçado em conhecimentos teóricos hoje disponíveis e investigar esse processo partiu da dificuldade de entender como ¿autores produzem livros¿. Dois eixos permearam a narrativa e discussão desse trabalho: um de avaliação de MD, que possibilitou explicitar os conhecimentos formais e informais envolvidos na produção do material, assim como as atitudes tomadas; e outro, de produção, que permitiu estudar como formas de ação foram criadas segundo aqueles conhecimentos. Acrescemos à pesquisa dados da implementação do material e informação coletada com sete outros autores acerca de suas concepções próprias em obras que produziram. A metodologia utilizada foi a da pesquisa-ação, cujo foco num primeiro momento foi a tomada de conscientização de aspectos que envolveram a produção daquele material, para depois associar as exigências sentidas, à mobilização de modificações em um nível do ¿fazer¿, superando empecilhos encontrados. Além de sinalizar conhecimentos significativos à produção de um material, os dados mostraram padrões comuns e singulares à gênese de nossa composição e à dos sete autores analisados. Os resultados permitiram-nos apontar possíveis fatores de sucesso à produção de novos materiais e destacar a necessidade de se obter clareza das reais funções do autor na produção de materiais-fonte e do professor na condução desses materiais nas aulas (já menos difusas) para poder direcionar ações tanto de produção de obras como de preparação à docência em abordagem comunicacional. Dessa forma, poderemos modificar antigos papéis acríticos de subordinação e dependência do professor aos textos e atividades propostos em livros e incentivar o desenvolvimento da requerida autonomia do professor e a tomada de risco para novas produções / Abstract: The objective of this thesis was to study the process implicated in the development of a textbook of Portuguese for foreigners, which was built in accordance with the principles of the communicative approach in language teaching and intended for a 35- to 40-hour course. The textbook was organized around six topics dealing with the social and historical scenery at the time of the discovery of Brazil, focusing mainly on the ethnic groups that have contributed to form today¿s Brazilian population. The material was planned for students at an intermediate level of language who had already acquired enough language knowledge to interpret and produce short texts about the chosen content. This research was partly an attempt to make explicit the formal and informal knowledge and attitudes involved in gathering texts and creating learning activities for our material, and also an attempt to discuss the difficulties encountered in applying theoretical knowledge in AL to the production of materials. There were two versions of the same book used in this study: a first version done during our Master¿s course (1994-1996) and a second one which came out reformulated in the PhD programme (2004). The research was motivated by our interest on understanding ¿how authors produce books¿ with the purpose to shed some light on the production of materials based on recent theoretical knowledge. The methodology used for this study was the action-research through which we gained consciousness of many aspects involved in the process of producing textbooks. Some data collected from piloting the material in class relevant to the materials¿ design, was added to the research, plus data from interviews which we conducted with seven authors who talked about their own conceptions on producing textbooks. Besides signalizing some relevant aspects of our conception of production in the two versions of the same book, this study showed the common and distinctive patterns of the genesis of composing textbooks by different authors. The results pointed to possible factors of success in producing materials for PFL and made salient the necessity of obtaining clarification of the real role of the authors when producing support materials and of teachers when they apply them in class. Thus we direct actions not only to the production of textbooks in the communicative approach, but also to teacher¿s education. We hope that this research can help teachers reflect on ways to modify old roles of dependence on textbooks and encourage the development of their autonomy and attitudes of the risk taking needed for teacher¿s actions to be performed in alignment with this approach / Doutorado / Lingua Estrangeira / Doutor em Linguística Aplicada

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:18:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 INACIO MAMEDE DE LIMA.pdf: 1770914 bytes, checksum: aa0040e24a7b28a53de3c7cddc18fe2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-02 / The search for the better understanding about the use of experimental activities during the expositive classes and the identification of a appropriate dynamics discourse this teaching practice have been the subject of several researches, discussions and analysis in order to provide the most meaning and attractive Physics teaching. In this research work we investigate, we investigate if the teaching strategy based on the application of experimental demonstration activities in the classroom, in the perspective of the Vygotsky‟s sociocultural theory, makes possible the social interaction of students with teacher and students together, in order to contribute to knowledge construction and reframing of teaching and learning of physics. In this sense, we focus our analysis on the discourses that occur around these activities. Teacher and students of the second year of high school of the State School in the city of Serra Branca‟s city in Paraiba make up the universe of this study, where we use a qualitative methodology, type Case Study, taking as research instrument the free observation in the natural environment of the classroom and a semi-structured interview with the teacher. To facilitate the transcription of the dialogues occurred in the classroom as auxiliary resource, use audio and video recordings. / A busca por uma melhor compreensão a respeito da utilização de atividades experimentais no decorrer das aulas expositivas e a identificação de dinâmicas discursivas adequadas a essa prática pedagógica têm sido motivo de diversas pesquisas, discussões e análises no intuito de proporcionar um ensino de Física mais significativo e atraente. Neste trabalho de pesquisa, objetivamos investigar se a estratégia de ensino baseada na aplicação de atividades experimentais de demonstração em sala de aula, na perspectiva da teoria sociocultural de Vygotsky, torna possível a interação social dos alunos com o professor e dos alunos entre si, de forma a contribuir para a construção do conhecimento e resignificação do processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Física. Neste sentido, focamos nossa análise nos discursos que ocorrem em torno dessas atividades. Professora e alunos do segundo ano do Ensino Médio de uma Escola Estadual da cidade de Serra Branca-PB compõem o universo deste estudo, em que utilizamos uma metodologia de natureza qualitativa, do tipo Estudo de Caso, tendo como instrumento de investigação a observação livre no ambiente natural de sala de aula e uma entrevista semi-estruturada com a professora. Para facilitar a transcrição dos diálogos ocorridos em sala de aula, como recurso auxiliar, utilizamos gravações em áudio e vídeo.

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar qué competencias generales y qué competencias comunicativas, según el enfoque comunicativo, se promueven en tres libros de texto de español como lengua extranjera y determinar su relación con la variable afectiva de la ansiedad. Para alcanzar los planteamientos de nuestra investigación utilizamos una aproximación cualitativa, empleando el cuestionario de análisis NAKIBAR 2004 perteneciente al trabajo de investigación realizado por Joseba Ezeiza Ramos (2004). Los resultados muestran que los tres materiales didácticos satisfacen cada criterio del enfoque comunicativo en diversos grados. Sin embargo, ambos libros constituyen la exteriorización de dicho método, con el fin preciso de apoyar al estudiante en desarrollar la habilidad de poner en función los procesos de comunicación. Es por esto por lo que este tipo de actividades podrían potencialmente activar sentimientos de aprensión / The aim of this study is to identify the construct of communicative competence promoted in three textbooks of Spanish as a foreign language and to determine its relationship with the emotional variable of anxiety. To achieve our research approaches, we conduct a qualitative investigation, employing the questionnaire analysis NAKIBAR 2004 developed by Joseba Ezeiza Ramos (2004). The results show that the three teaching materials analyzed satisfy the communicative teaching approach in various degrees. However, all three books are the externalization of the communicative model, with the specific purpose of supporting students to develop the ability to put in function communication processes. This strong tendency to use oral language can in some cases lead to feelings of anxiety.

Un des domaines des sciences humaines qui s’est considérablement enrichi, ces dernières années, des théories de l’action est celui des sciences de l’éducation. Notre travail de thèse se situe dans cette orientation. Il porte sur l’analyse de l’agir de l’enseignant dans des classes d’anglais et de français, langues étrangères, appliquées dans le système scolaire Chypriote. Une lecture attentive des instructions officielles concernant l’enseignement de ces deux LE permet de relever un ensemble de finalités et d’objectifs qui renseignent sur ce qu’on pourrait considérer comme la méthodologie sous-jacente à l’enseignement/apprentissage des deux LE en question : l’Approche Communicative. Le but visé dans les deux enseignements est l’acquisition de compétences communicatives. Partant de cette constatation nous avons voulu de savoir comment est organisé et comment se réalise dans les faits l’enseignement communicatif scolaire de LE différentes, par des enseignants se référant à un même courant didactique ? Ce qui revient à dire que nous chercherons à répondre à la question de savoir de quelle manière des enseignants des LE différentes initient, organisent et font fonctionner les interactions en classe dans le cadre d’un enseignement communicatif de la LE? Ces préoccupations placent notre recherche dans le champ de la didactique descriptive. Nous voudrions analyser l’agir professoral suivant sa triple fonction, d’initiation et de maintien de l’interaction, de mise en scène des savoirs et d’organisation d’un espace d’enseignement/apprentissage communicatif des LE. Pour ce faire, nous aurons recours à deux méthodes d’analyse : une analyse pragmatique de l’activité didactique en classe et une analyse interactionnelle. Notons enfin que notre analyse se veut comparative. Elle procède davantage de la mise en évidence des pratiques et des conduites telles qu’elles apparaissent dans l’une et l’autre situation, en tenant compte des caractéristiques de chacune d’elles. / One of the fields of the social sciences which has been considerably influenced the last few years by the action theory, is that of the educational sciences. This thesis is in this direction. It focuses on the analysis of the teacher's action in English and French as Foreign Language classes, applied in the Cypriot educational system. A careful reading of the official instructions concerning the teaching of these two languages, can raise a set of aims and objectives that provide information about what could be considered as the underlying methodology in teaching/learning of both languages; the Communicative Approach. The aim in both courses is the acquisition of communication skills. Bearing this in mind the author wanted to know how communicative teaching of those two languages is organized and how realized by teachers referring to the same teaching/learning methodology. Consequently, the author seeks to answer the question of how teachers of those two languages initiate, organize and operate the classroom interaction in the context of communicative teaching of both these foreign languages. These concerns place our research in the field of descriptive didactics. The teacher's action is analyzed following its triple function: induction and maintenance of classroom interaction, creation of an ongoing learning environment and organization of communicative teaching. To this end, we use two methods of analysis: a pragmatic analysis of classroom didactic activity and an interaction analysis. Finally, it is noted that the analysis is intended to be comparative. It strives to the identify practices and behaviors as they appear in one or the other cases, taking into account the different characteristics of the teaching of each languages of the above.

Orientador: Linda Gentry El-Dash / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T19:32:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_MarlucyMariadaSilveira_M.pdf: 939732 bytes, checksum: 2d03df60f677d6157ce5516332c43cf4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Este trabalho é um estudo de caso, que analisa as atitudes e a motivação de um grupo de alunos brasileiros, aprendizes de inglês em situação formal de aprendizagem. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionários, observações e gravações de aulas, além da realização de um estudo Q, combinando, portanto, métodos qualitativos e quantitativos. Os participantes da pesquisa são alunos universitários de um curso de inglês geral em uma universidade pública do estado de São Paulo. Nosso objetivo principal foi analisar a motivação e as atitudes dos alunos em relação a aspectos da aprendizagem da língua, ao povo americano, à língua inglesa e à cultura americana, em busca de possíveis efeitos destes fatores no desempenho dos alunos no curso. As notas do curso foram utilizadas como medida de desempenho. A metodologia Q nos ajudou a compreender como esses alunos viam os americanos, garantindo uma maior confiabilidade aos dados obtidos nos questionários. Os resultados apontaram para uma grande rejeição ao povo americano e à sua cultura, o que, entretanto, se mostrou irrelevante para afetar o desempenho dos alunos. Os fatores que se mostraram especialmente significativos para influenciar o desempenho desse grupo, contrariando nossas expectativas, foram as atitudes em relação à situação de aprendizagem da língua. A abordagem comunicativa da professora e sua atitude em sala de aula, favorecendo a interação entre os alunos e estabelecendo um ambiente descontraído de ensino, foram elementos decisivos para promover motivação e, consequentemente, um melhor desempenho no curso / Abstract: This thesis is a case study that analyzes the attitudes and motivation of a group of Brazilian students learning English in a formal setting. The data were collected on the basis of questionnaires, class observations, class recordings, and a Q-study, thus combining both qualitative and quantitative methods. The subjects are university students taking a general English course at a public university in the state of São Paulo. Our main goal was to analyze the motivation and attitudes of the students in relation to aspects of the language learning, the American people, the English language and the American culture, in order to identify the possible effects of these factors on student achievement in the course. Achievement was measured through the course grades The Q-study helped us understand better the perceptions of the students in relation to the American people, assuring greater reliability for the data obtained through the questionnaires. Results pointed to a high rejection of the American people and their culture, although this did not seem to be significant in affecting the performance of the students in the course. The most significant elements in influencing the performance of this group, in contrast to our expectations, were the attitudes toward the language learning situation. The communicative approach of the teacher and her attitude in the classroom, promoting interaction among students and establishing a pleasant learning environment, were crucial to the generation of motivation in the students, and consequently, to a better performance during the course / Mestrado / Lingua Estrangeira / Mestre em Linguística Aplicada

Denna rapport redovisar ett examensarbete på Civilingenjör och Lärarprogrammet på KTH och SU.Examensarbetets syfte är att öka förståelsen för och kartlägga hur olika presentationsmodelleruppfattas påverka intresset och möjligheten att ta till sig kunskapen om mekaniken i fjädrandekonstruktionselement (FKE). Tre olika presentationsmodeller har kartlagts därpresentationsmodellernas kommunikativa angreppssätt har varierat mellan auktoritativ ochdialogisk. Presentationsmodellerna som kartlagts är: Seminarie utifrån problembaserat lärande Seminarie utifrån casemetodiken Auktoritativt seminarieGenom deltagande observation och intervjuer har deltagarnas uppfattningar om de olika KPM, vadavser intresse och möjlighet att ta till sig kunskap, testats och kartlagts och studiens slutsatserredovisats. Denna studie utförs inom ämnet FKE och målgruppen för presentationsmodellerna ärvuxna personer med grundläggande kunskaper i mekanik.Resultatet av studien visar att möjligheten till inlärning och intresset ökar om det kommunikativaangreppssättet dialogiskt betonas. Det kommunikativa angreppssättet ska inte planeras vararenodlat dialogiskt eller auktoritativt. Detta beror på att intresset tenderar att minska närkommunikationen blir för auktoritativ samt för att deltagarna kan få det för svårt att styra seminarietdå kommunikationen är för dialogisk. Det blir speciellt svårt för deltagarna att styra detkommunikativa angreppssättet om deltagarna inte har förkunskaper som behövs för att ta till sigkunskaper från seminariet. Den seminariemodell som ökade inlärningen och intresset mest var detcaseutformade seminariet.NyckelordVuxenutbildning, / This essay is the report of my master's dissertation for Master of Engineering and Teacher Program atKTH and SU in Stockholm. The aims of the master’s dissertation are to increase the understandingand compose a map of how different presentation models affect the interest and ability to learnwhen the subject is resilient construction element is presented on a one day seminar.I have composed maps of three different presentation models in which the presentation models’communicative approach varied between authoritative and dialogic. The presentation models thathave been composed a map of are:• Seminar designed by problem-based learning• Seminar designed by the case method• Authoritative seminar The presentations models were tested and based on the tests, the feedback from participants and myparticipation studies, the presentation were surveyed and conclusions drawn about the learning and theinterest. This study was performed in the subject resilient construction element with the target groupadults with a basic skill in mechanics.The result of this study is that the potential for learning and interest increased if the communicativeapproach is in the dialogic direction. The communicative approach should neither be veryauthoritative or very dialogic. This is because the interest tends to decrease when the communicativeapproach is too authoritative and because the participants have problem with directing the seminarif communicative approach is too dialogic. Difficulties occur for the participants to control thedialogic communicative approach if they don’t have prior knowledge. The seminar model thatincreased learning and interests the most was the case-seminar format.

Thesis (M.Ed. (Language Education)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The main purpose of this study was to determine challenges that are faced by Grade 8 learners when reading short stories with understanding using EFAL. The study made use of a research approach which is qualitative in nature to explore the reading challenges. It also used an interpretive paradigm. Schema Reading Theory was employed as the guide to which the study followed. This theory advocates that learners read a text having prior knowledge, which assists them to interpret it better. This chosen theory is relevant to the study as the study seeks to understand why learners cannot read. Therefore the theory assisted in determining whether learners have the necessary prior knowledge of the text they read in the classroom. The main findings of the study has indicated that learners have challenges to reading. There are recommendations addressed to learners, parents, teachers and department of education. In conclusion, teachers assured to initiate reading programmes such as focused, independent and guided reading, with the hope to curb challenges towards reading.

The aim of this study is presented by two steps. The first is to gain an insight into what students think regarding sustainable development and religion. The second is to investigate what content in sustainable development can be used in religious studies through the students' perspective and how this content can be implemented to promote the work for sustainable development in schools. Seventeen qualitative semi-structured interviews with mainly open questions are performed. The focus is to get information about how Swedish high school students reason about and reflect on sustainable development and how they reflect on its connection to religion and to religious studies. The empirical result is analysed and discussed. The conclusions show that the respondents wish a sustainable society with a lifestyle without excessive consumption and thereby without environmental problems, with security and with a good education. They emphasize the importance of a meaningful, safe, and challenging education on religious studies. They are willing to discuss in depth and with respect for the different opinions that may emerge, about different perceptions of sustainable development that are related to the different identities and ways of religious lifestyles. This can be achieved through a communicative approach in the classroom, with a goal to create the dialogic classroom

Title of the thesis: Developing pronunciation through musical activities in French lessons Keywords: communicative approach, phonetics, phonology, pronunciation, prosody, activity, music, rhythm, rhythmisation, melody, tempo, intonation, accent, song, rap, facial expressions Abstract: This thesis deals with the teaching of French phonetics, considers the status of phonetics in communicatively oriented teaching, and comes to the fact that the teaching of phonetics and phonology is not a priority in the communicative approach. The work demonstrates the importance of such teaching, and therefore explores how the teaching of pronunciation or some of its components could be made more attractive. Based on the proven relationship of music and language, both as auditory phenomena, this thesis approaches the interwoven elements of these two areas. The aim is to explore how the musical elements, such as: rhythm, melody, tempo, phrasing, etc., could be used in the teaching of French pronunciation - especially at the suprasegmental level. The work offers a basic inventory of exercises which benefit from this characteristic and which has been verified in practice, and in the final analysis summarises their effectiveness in foreign language teaching.