Cette dissertation possède un abordage qualitatif et se base sur l´ethnographie réalisée pendant la période de septembre 2013 au décembre 2014 au cours des conférences publiques offertes hebdomadairement par la Loge Théosophique Dharma, localisée dans la ville de Porto Alegre. L´objectif de cette étude consiste à analyser comment les préceptes de la Théosophie Moderne s´articulent et sont agenciés par les sujets de recherche en son quotidien. À partir de l´observation participante, de conférences semi-structurées, et recherche dans la littérature théosophique, il a été possible conclu quelle compréhension de Théosophie Moderne présentée par les sujets analysés chez Loge Théosophique Dharma se met si tant en lieu et place d´une courante de spiritualisme du siècle XIX qui preserve des caractéristiques de l´exotérisme, de l´occultisme, et les réligions orientales selon les écritures de Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, mais s´ajoutent également des références à la réligiosité et pratiques de l´univers Nouvelle Ère. / Esta dissertação possui uma abordagem qualitativa e baseia-se na etnografia realizada no período de setembro de 2013 a dezembro de 2014 em palestras públicas oferecidas semanalmente pela Loja Teosófica Dharma, localizada na cidade de Porto Alegre-RS. O objetivo desse estudo consiste em analisar como os preceitos da Teosofia Moderna articulam-se e são agenciados pelos sujeitos de pesquisa em seu cotidiano. A partir da observação participante, de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e pesquisa na literatura teosófica, foi possível concluir que a compreensão de Teosofia Moderna apresentada pelos sujeitos analisados na Loja Teosófica Dharma se coloca tanto entre o lugar de uma corrente do espiritualismo do século XIX que preserva características do esoterismo, do ocultismo, e das religiões orientais conforme os escritos de Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, mas soma também referências a religiosidades e práticas do universo Nova Era. / This study has a qualitative approach and based on the ethnography conducted from September 2013 to December 2014 in public lectures offered weekly by Theosophical Dharma Lodge, located in Porto Alegre-RS. The aim of this study is to analyze how the precepts of Modern Theosophy are articulated and are touted by research participants in their daily lives. From participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and research in theosophical literature, it was possible to conclude that understanding of Modern Theosophy presented by the analyzed subjects in the Theosophical Dharma Lodge arises between the place of a spiritualism current of 19th century that preserves esotericism, occultism and Eastern religions features as the writings of Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, but also adds references to religiosities and practices of the New Age universe.

Orientador: Maria Viviane do Amaral Veras / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T04:18:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Firmino_MarylinLimaGuimaraes_M.pdf: 2150279 bytes, checksum: 7bdaf99c773b277bb5c4eb2b95bf358d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: David Lodge aborda a temática da surdez de forma bastante inusitada no romance Deaf Sentence (2008). O protagonista é Desmond Bates, um professor de Linguística Aplicada aposentado, que está ficando surdo e passa por mal-entendidos decorrentes de suas dificuldades em distinguir sons de palavras similares, o que confere ao romance tons humorísticos e irônicos. Por meio da escrita de um diário, o personagem relata sua rotina, abalada pela jovem Alex, e introduz o leitor a uma visão especializada sobre questões de linguagem e literatura, além de expressar com lucidez suas impressões sobre a surdez, dando voz, de forma singular, a essa questão, ainda invisível para muitas pessoas. Os desafios de tradução se apresentam de pronto pelo título (um trocadilho entre deaf e death e polissemia da palavra sentence) e perpassam a narrativa, revelando uma forte ligação entre alguns aspectos paratextuais do romance e a história em si. Deaf Sentence coloca o tradutor diante de trocadilhos e articulações intertextuais que tornam o romance aparentemente intraduzível, ao mesmo tempo, convoca a transposição de fronteiras de forma obrigatória, como exige a tradução do humor. Nesse sentido, as soluções adequadas para os diversos desafios de tradução do romance estão intimamente ligadas às estratégias e recursos utilizados pelo tradutor. A partir do conceito de paratexto cunhado por Genette (2009), são apresentadas análises do título, dedicatória, epígrafe e agradecimentos, presentes no texto original, com o objetivo de expor seus possíveis efeitos sobre leitores e tradutores e, consequentemente, o recente conceito de paratradução (Yuste Frías, 2010) é abordado com o intuito de endossar a importância da tradução de paratextos para a recepção de obras literárias. As análises de capas de algumas traduções permitem o estabelecimento de relações entre imagens do original e de diferentes versões do romance, além de revelarem (ou não) relações com o seu conteúdo. A tradução brasileira Surdo Mundo, de Guilherme da Silva Braga (2010), foco das análises, divide o palco com as traduções A vida em surdina, de Tânia Ganho (Portugal, 2011), La vida en sordina, de Jaime Zulaika (Espanha, 2010), e La vie en sourdine, de Maurice e Yvonne Couturier (França, 2008). É possível estabelecer diálogos entre essas traduções, e a utilização ou não de notas mostrou-se um elemento evidente da singularidade das decisões tomadas pelos tradutores diante dos desafios. A partir das discussões em torno da (in) traduzibilidade de textos humorísticos feitas por Brezolin (1997), Schmitz (1996, 1998) e Possenti (1991), abordam-se possibilidades de tradução criativa desses gêneros discursivos. Levando-se em conta as especificidades de Deaf Sentence, é proposto um diálogo entre algumas vertentes teóricas aplicáveis à tradução do humor: Rosas (2002), Campos (1970) e Reiss e Vermeer (1996). O cotejo entre trechos selecionados de Deaf Sentence e de Surdo Mundo revela que a tradução criativa, processo de negociação amplo entre texto original e tradutor, parece justificar tranquilamente a ausência de notas, enquanto a sua presença nas demais traduções analisadas, em alguns casos, parece advir da aceitação da intraduzibilidade de determinados desafios / Abstract: David Lodge approaches the topic of deafness in a very unusual manner in the novel Deaf Sentence (2008). The protagonist is Desmond Bates, a retired professor of Applied Linguistics who is going deaf and is subject to some misunderstandings arising from his difficulties in distinguishing sounds of similar words, granting the novel ironic and humoristic riffs. By writing a journal, the character reports his routine, shaken by Alex, a young woman, introducing the reader to a specialized view on issues of language and literature, as well as lucidly expressing his impressions regarding deafness, giving voice, in a singular manner, to this issue, still invisible to many. The challenges of translation are immediately presented in the title (a pun regarding deaf and death and the polysemy of the word sentence), and continue throughout the narrative, revealing a strong connection between some paratextual aspects of the novel and the story itself. Deaf Sentence presents the translator with puns and intertextual articulations, which make the novel seemingly untranslatable, while at the same time mandatorily summoning the transposition of frontiers, as is required in the translation of humour. To this end, the adequate solutions for the several challenges in translating the novel are intimately linked to the strategies and resources used by the translator. Based on the paratext concept coined by Genette (2009), this thesis analyses the title, dedication, epigraph, and acknowledgements in the original. The objective is to show their possible effects on readers and translators, and consequently the recent concept of paratranslation (Yuste Frías, 2010) is used in order to stress how important the translation of paratexts is for the reception of literary works. This thesis also analyses the book covers chosen for different translations, establishing relations between images of the original and the different versions of the novel, besides revealing (or not) relations with its content. The Brazilian translation, entitled Surdo Mundo, by Guilherme da Silva Braga (2010), is the main focus of the analysis, sharing the stage with the translations A vida em surdina, by Tânia Ganho (Portugal, 2011), La vida en sordina, by Jaime Zulaika (Spain, 2010), and La vie en sourdine, by Maurice e Yvonne Couturier (France, 2008). It is possible to establish dialogic relationships among these translations, and, the choice of whether or not to use notes proved to be a clear element of how singular the decisions made by the translators were before the challenges. Based on the discussions around the (un)translatability of humoristic texts made by Brezolin (1997), Schmitz (1996, 1998) and Possenti (1991), this thesis deals with the possibilities of creative translation of these discursive genres. Taking into account the specific aspects of Deaf Sentence, a dialogue is proposed between some theoretical perspectives applicable to the translation of humour: Rosas (2002), Campos (1970) and Reiss and Vermeer (1996). The comparison between selected passages of Deaf Sentence and Surdo Mundo reveals that the creative translation - the ample negotiation process between the original text and the translator - seems to easily justify the absence of notes, while their presence in the other translations analyzed, in some cases, seems to be generated by the acceptance that certain challenges were untranslatable / Mestrado / Teoria, Pratica e Ensino da Tradução / Mestra em Linguística Aplicada

This thesis is an investigation into the nature of the 'postmodern' narrative strategies and fictional methods in the work of two British Catholic writers. The work of David Lodge and Muriel Spark is here taken as an example ofthe 'Catholic novel'. In order to determine ifthe overlap ofpostmodern. and Christian-influenced narrative strategies constitutes more than a convergence or coincidence of formal concerns, narrative form in these novels is analyzed in the light of neo-Tho mist and Tho mist aesthetics, a traditional Catholic Christian theory of the arts. The 'postmodern' in these 'Christian' texts becomes largely a coincidence of terminology. Narrative forms which can be classified as 'postmodern' can also be categorized using the terminology of Thomas Aquinas. The apparent similarities betray radically divergent metaphysical presuppositions, however. The nature of the Catholic 'difference' lies in the way postmodern forms are used to challenge the metaphysical bases of those forms. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

This thesis is an investigation into the nature of the 'postmodern' narrative strategies and fictional methods in the work of two British Catholic writers. The work of David Lodge and Muriel Spark is here taken as an example ofthe 'Catholic novel'. In order to determine ifthe overlap ofpostmodern. and Christian-influenced narrative strategies constitutes more than a convergence or coincidence of formal concerns, narrative form in these novels is analyzed in the light of neo-Tho mist and Tho mist aesthetics, a traditional Catholic Christian theory of the arts. The 'postmodern' in these 'Christian' texts becomes largely a coincidence of terminology. Narrative forms which can be classified as 'postmodern' can also be categorized using the terminology of Thomas Aquinas. The apparent similarities betray radically divergent metaphysical presuppositions, however. The nature of the Catholic 'difference' lies in the way postmodern forms are used to challenge the metaphysical bases of those forms. / English Studies / M.A. (English)

Bear Lodge/Devils Tower National Monument, a spectacular rock formation in northeastern Wyoming, has a multiplicity of meanings, not all of which were fully acknowledged until the 1990s. It is widely known as a geologic wonder, the first national monument, a marker of local and pioneer heritage, and a premier rock climbing area. In the 1980s and ‘90s, however, the National Park Service began to acknowledge that the Tower also holds cultural and historical meaning for the Northern Plains tribes, dating back long before the colonization of the American West. Some of the tribes expressed to the Park Service that they were offended by rock climbers desecrating the Tower, a sacred site, leading the Park Service to seek to compromise between these competing uses of this public land. The controversy over climbing at Bear Lodge/Devils Tower was, and remains, a debate over history, and this thesis examines the historical foundations for the discourses of climbers, local white residents, tribal members, and the Park Service, as these various groups asserted their claims to this public space. This thesis contends that the language used by climbers and local white residents in arguing against the Park Service’s accommodation of tribal cultures and beliefs appropriated the languages of spirituality and tradition used by the tribes, and sought to delegitimize the tribal claims to the Tower. The Park Service is complicit in controlling the discourses surrounding the Tower and erasing the traditions and complex history of the Northern Plains tribal ties to this sacred place.

Depuis la fin des années 1980, le phénomène de revitalisation culturelle amérindienne observé à l’échelle continentale s’est enraciné au Québec. Ce phénomène panindien, qui se définit entre autres par un mouvement de guérison dit communautaire – c’est- à-dire qui s’organise à l’intérieur-même des communautés (par opposition à ce qui vient de l’extérieur) – est caractérisé par la prise en charge des problèmes sociaux rencontrés par les populations amérindiennes. Par l’analyse du rite de la tente à sudation, une pratique emblématique de la spiritualité panindienne et du mouvement de guérison, ce mémoire explore la dualité des stratégies de relation d’aide qui y sont déployées. Pour ce faire, l’expérience en milieu carcéral et en communauté d’aînés et d’intervenants autochtones a été prise à témoin. L’enquête de terrain révèle ainsi qu’en parallèle avec la fonction de mobilisation sociale et politique associée à la revitalisation culturelle amérindienne, on assiste à une instrumentation du rituel à des fins psychothérapeutiques. Tout en s’inscrivant dans la structure cosmologique commune à plusieurs traditions orales algonquiennes, cet usage particulier de la symbolique du rituel met à jour une vision plus clinique, plus individualisée et plus dépolitisée de la guérison autochtone habituellement revendiqué dans le discours panindien. / Since the end of the 1980’s, the Native cultural revitalization observed in North America has taken hold in Québec. This panindian phenomenon has defined itself through the aboriginal healing movement. In turn, this healing movement has been addressing the numerous social problems encountered by the Native populations both inside and outside of their communities. While connecting these events, this thesis explores, through the study of the sweat lodge ceremony, the duality of the counseling strategies deployed both in the panindian spirituality and the aboriginal healing movement. In this regard, the counseling experience of elders and professionals in prison and in the community reveals that besides the social and political functions usually associated with aboriginal healing, we can observe a psychotherapeutic instrumentation of the sweat lodge ritual. While capturing the cosmological structure of many Algonquian oral traditions, this particular use of the sweat lodge symbolism shows a more clinical, more individualized and more apolitical vision of aboriginal healing than the one that is usually described in the panindian discourse.

This thesis concentrates on a local union of the International Association of Machinists (IAM), District Lodge 776, of Fort Worth, Texas, during the war years. The main argument of the thesis runs along three basic lines. First, it demonstrates that the experiences of the Fort Worth Machinists clearly fit into the national labor movement during the war years. Second, it argues that the existence, survival, and strength of the union depended greatly on outside forcesan expanding national economy, a powerful national union, and a generally labor-friendly government. Third, it shows that union officers and rank-and-file members used their bases of strengththe national economy, the national IAM, and the federal governmentto build an effective local labor organization.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MonicaOL.pdf: 324604 bytes, checksum: 4dab56b1c8ef62feb374b553f7aba19b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Currently, many companies pay attention to the necessities of change of attitude in relation to the use of the natural resources and the environment quality of its products, mainly to keep a positive and competitive image in the market. This new concept of management associates the productive activities to the care with environment using the education of environment as a tool of programs of qualification directed toward the promotion of pro-environment behaviors. For effectiveness of this management it is essential the attachment of the employees and the major understanding of the importance of the preservation of the environment. This was the objective of the qualification process carried out in a lodge in Fernando de Noronha island. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to verify the power of this management system which fulfills the objectives of the environmental education. It was applied questionnaires to employees of three Inns and carried out a interview, in one Inn, with the participants of the program of qualification. The analysis of the data showed that the actions as care with the environment are strongly associates to the management system, which includes garbage control, as well water economy. It was observed that the environment accomplishment (EcoAntro) of the employees with environment decreases in proportion to their qualification. In the same way, as higher the instruction level, of the speaker and/or of the father, less is the apathy for environmental questions. It was also noticed that the knowledge about the development sustainability was very poorly used by the interviewed. The pro-environment behavior mentioned before, is not necessarily related to a local autonomy posture that could express a behavior related to job but not to environment it self. Therefore, a complete understanding about the reverberation of environment information an all the placed factors in a life stile facing a construction of sustainability remains as a question to be studied in future researches / Atualmente, muitas empresas atentam para as necessidades de mudan?a de postura em rela??o ? utiliza??o dos recursos naturais e a qualidade ambiental de seus produtos, principalmente para manter uma imagem positiva e competitiva no mercado. Esse novo conceito de gerenciamento associa as atividades produtivas ao cuidado com ambiente utilizando a educa??o ambiental como ferramenta de programas de capacita??o voltados para a promo??o de comportamentos pr?-ambientais. Para efic?cia desse gerenciamento ? imprescind?vel o envolvimento dos funcion?rios e a compreens?o maior da import?ncia da preserva??o do meio ambiente. Esse foi o objetivo do processo de capacita??o realizado por uma pousada em Fernando de Noronha. O prop?sito deste estudo, portanto, foi verificar o alcance deste sistema de gest?o em atender aos objetivos da educa??o ambiental. Foram aplicados question?rios a funcion?rios de tr?s pousadas e realizadas entrevistas com os participantes do programa de capacita??o de uma delas. A an?lise dos dados evidenciou que as a??es de cuidado ambiental est?o bastante associadas ao sistema de gest?o, que incluem controle de lixo, e tamb?m a economia de ?gua. Foi observado que o ambientalismo (EcoAntro) dos funcion?rios decresce ? medida que ? menor o seu envolvimento com o programas de capacita??o. Da mesma forma, quanto maior o n?vel de instru??o, do pr?prio respondente e/ou do pai, menor a apatia por quest?es ambientais. Tamb?m foi poss?vel observar que a no??o de desenvolvimento sustent?vel ? pouco dominada pelos participantes. Os comportamentos pr?-ambientais mencionados n?o est?o necessariamente relacionados a uma postura sustent?vel, podendo expressar um comprometimento com o trabalho, mas n?o com o meio ambiente. Desse modo, o pleno entendimento da reverbera??o da informa??o ambiental e dos fatores situacionais em um estilo de vida direcionado para a constru??o da sustentabilidade permanece como quest?o a ser estudada em pesquisas futuras

Ecotourism has generated great interest from governments, tourism enterprises, tourists, conservation groups, the private sector and other stakeholders in the industry. A reason for this interest is the availability of pristine natural environments, especially in Africa. The need for more rigorous data on economic, environmental and social impacts of ecotourism development from different perspectives and stakeholders is central to unpacking key issues related to sustaining ecotourism in Africa that is both responsive to environmental as well as social and economic needs. There seems to be a need for a better understanding of ecotourism’s impacts, and how those impacts are affected by various developmental needs and management strategies. South Africa is a country which is closely linked with disputes resulting from land claims as a result of apartheid. Thus, this thesis attempts to unpack issues relating to the historical legacy, the proliferation of Private Game Parks in South Africa and related issues of privatised concentration of natural resources, access and affordability as well as potential social, economic and environmental impacts. Research was undertaken in two Private Parks in KwaZulu-Natal: Ezulwini Private Park and Tala Private Park. A fundamental ingredient for stakeholder involvement is collaboration among key players. The specific stakeholders identified for this study were: visitors, local communities, tour operators, Park personnel, Park managers and the Private owner of both the private Parks. The research employed both qualitative (participatory approaches) and quantitative (questionnaires) techniques when collecting data. The study revealed that visitors to Ezulwini Private Park and Tala Private Park listed important factors regarding their own efforts to promote ecotourism such as: conserving nature, limiting the over-utilisation of resources, being environmentally conscious, reducing water consumption, being litter conscious, spreading the conservation message via word of mouth and visiting more ecotourism destinations. There is a good level of interaction between the tour operating company (that carries out tours to Ezulwini Private Park and Tala Private Park) and the community. This is attributed to visitors purchasing from cultural villages and the use of local tour guides. The local communities living near the private Parks indicated that no relationship exists between the community, management and staff of the respective private Parks. Participatory exercises (venn diagrams, mental mapping and problem ranking exercises) were conducted with focus groups. These focus group discussions established heterogeneity within the respective communities and emphasised the need for the involvement of all community members who best understand and have the greatest stake in social, economic and political issues linked to the Parks. According to the Park personnel at Ezulwini Private Park and Tala Private Park local communities were somewhat involved in the activities and decision-making of the private Parks. However, the Park owner of both the private Parks stated that the local communities were not involved in the activities and decision-making of the private Parks. To mitigate social, environmental and economic impacts it is imperative that all stakeholders are consulted as this will reduce conflict and enhance consensus. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2010.

Depuis la fin des années 1980, le phénomène de revitalisation culturelle amérindienne observé à l’échelle continentale s’est enraciné au Québec. Ce phénomène panindien, qui se définit entre autres par un mouvement de guérison dit communautaire – c’est- à-dire qui s’organise à l’intérieur-même des communautés (par opposition à ce qui vient de l’extérieur) – est caractérisé par la prise en charge des problèmes sociaux rencontrés par les populations amérindiennes. Par l’analyse du rite de la tente à sudation, une pratique emblématique de la spiritualité panindienne et du mouvement de guérison, ce mémoire explore la dualité des stratégies de relation d’aide qui y sont déployées. Pour ce faire, l’expérience en milieu carcéral et en communauté d’aînés et d’intervenants autochtones a été prise à témoin. L’enquête de terrain révèle ainsi qu’en parallèle avec la fonction de mobilisation sociale et politique associée à la revitalisation culturelle amérindienne, on assiste à une instrumentation du rituel à des fins psychothérapeutiques. Tout en s’inscrivant dans la structure cosmologique commune à plusieurs traditions orales algonquiennes, cet usage particulier de la symbolique du rituel met à jour une vision plus clinique, plus individualisée et plus dépolitisée de la guérison autochtone habituellement revendiqué dans le discours panindien. / Since the end of the 1980’s, the Native cultural revitalization observed in North America has taken hold in Québec. This panindian phenomenon has defined itself through the aboriginal healing movement. In turn, this healing movement has been addressing the numerous social problems encountered by the Native populations both inside and outside of their communities. While connecting these events, this thesis explores, through the study of the sweat lodge ceremony, the duality of the counseling strategies deployed both in the panindian spirituality and the aboriginal healing movement. In this regard, the counseling experience of elders and professionals in prison and in the community reveals that besides the social and political functions usually associated with aboriginal healing, we can observe a psychotherapeutic instrumentation of the sweat lodge ritual. While capturing the cosmological structure of many Algonquian oral traditions, this particular use of the sweat lodge symbolism shows a more clinical, more individualized and more apolitical vision of aboriginal healing than the one that is usually described in the panindian discourse.