Orientador: Maria da Gloria Gohn / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T20:51:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Traldi_MariaCristina_D.pdf: 11218015 bytes, checksum: e0d8a061e5d5052ed61473d7003e4972 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003 / Resumo: A política de contratação de organizações do terceiro setor para executar serviços de saúde é parte da reforma do Estado, instituída no Brasil no final dos anos 90 e é analisada neste estudo a partir das novas formulações do conceito de sociedade civil. O modelo de gestão terceirizada de serviços não é uma medida isolada e segue uma tendência neoliberal adotada nos países centrais desde a década de 70, como estratégia de redução de gastos e focalização de recursos nas áreas sociais. O enfoque adotado na análise deste estudo foi o da reflexão sobre o risco de retrocesso que esse modelo de gestão pode acarretar à implementação do SUS caso não seja garantida a transparência nos processos de contratação das OS(s) e a regulação por parte da sociedade civil. Dessa forma, o objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi analisar as perspectivas de controle social sobre a ação do Estado e seus parceiros, quando este coloca em prática a política de contratação de Organizações Sociais para executar serviços de saúde, atividade que até então era considerada de sua competência exclusiva. Optou-se pela realização de uma pesquisa exploratória de natureza qualitativa sobre as parcerias realizadas no estado de São Paulo, entre os anos de 1998 e 2002, buscando identificar os mecanismos de participação dos Conselhos de Saúde no processo de qualificação e contratação das OS(s). A pesquisa de campo ocorreu de Julho de 2002 a Agosto de 2003, e os instrumentos utilizados foram entrevistas e um questionário enviado aos catorze hospitais públicos terceirizados no período. A principal conclusão da investigação é a que as parcerias com entidades do terceiro setor para a produção de serviços de saúde ampliam a esfera pública, mas essa ampliação não se dá na perspectiva da nova concepção de sociedade civil porque a incorporação dessas entidades, via de regra, não passa pela disputa democrática nos espaços públicos de debate. Devido à tendência de privatização do patrimônio público, há necessidade de intensificar o controle social, particularmente aquele realizado pelos Conselhos de Saúde. O controle social nas parcerias mostrou-se incipiente e direcionado à fiscalização dos serviços prestados, pois o processo de qualificação das OS( s) e a definição das entidades parceiras do Estado são centralizados no Poder Executivo. A constatação da participação do CES na definição de políticas de saúde nesta investigação é considerada como elemento positivo e um registro de avanço no desempenho das funções desse órgão / Abstract: The third sector' s politics of organizations hiring for the execution of health services is part of the State's reform that was instituted at the end of the 90's by the brazilian government and is analyzed in this study under the new formularizations of the civil society's concept. The outsourced management model is not an isolated policy, but follows a neoliberal trend adopted in the central countries since the 10" s as an expenses retention strategy and resource focus on social areas. The ana1ysis' approach was the reflection on the retrocession risk that this model of management can cause to the implementation of the SUS in case the transparency in the processes of the OS(s)' hiring and the regulation on civil society's part is not guaranteed. This research's general objective was to ana1yze the perspectives of social control over the action of the State and its partners, when it practices the politics of Social Organizations' hiring to execute health services, an activity that until then was considered a State's exclusivity. It was opted to the accomplishment of an exploratory research of qualitative nature on the partnerships carried through between the period of 1998 and 2002, in the State of São Paulo, in order to identify the Health Counsels' participation mechanisms in the process of qualification and hiring of the OS(s). The field research occurred during the months of July of 2002 until August of 2003, and the used instruments were: interviews and a questionnaire sent to fourteen outsourced public hospitals in the period. The main conclusion of the inquiry is that the partnerships with entities of the third sector for the production of hea1th services extend the public sphere, but, this expansion is not given in the perspective of civil society' s new conception because the incorporation of these entities, usually, is not given through the democratic dispute in the public spaces of debate. Due to the trend of the common wealth privatization, there is a necessity to intensify the social control, basica11y the one carried through by the Health Counsels. The social control in the partnerships proved itself budding and directed to the fiscalization of the given services, because the OS( s )'s process of qualification and the definition of the State's partner entities are centered in the Executive Power. The CES's participation in the definition of health politics in this inquiry is considered as a positive element and a register of advance in this agency's performance / Doutorado / Educação, Sociedade, Politica e Cultura / Doutor em Educação

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur personer utan socionom- eller socialarbetarexamen som arbetar med socialt arbete riktat mot personer med alkoholmissbruksproblematik inom tredje sektorn (civilsamhället) lär sig om socialt arbete. Vidare syftade studien till att undersöka vilka former av kunskaper och förmågor som dessa respondenter ansåg vara av betydelse för att kunna utföra ett socialt arbete. Som teoretisk grund för studien användes teorier om lärande. En kvalitativ metod bestående av enskilda intervjuer med frivilliga och anställda i tredje sektorn från Mellansverige utfördes. En tematisk analys gjordes och resulterade i att ett antal teman framkom. Resultatet visar inte en heltäckande bild av kunskapsläget hos den tredje sektorn men visar dock att tidigare forskning överensstämmer med resultatet. Viktiga kunskaper var teoretiska kunskaper, den egna personens betydelse och bemötandet av den enskilde. Resultatet visade även att respondenterna tillskansade sig kunskap genom professionella relaterade till verksamheten, lärde sig genom arbetet och att egna erfarenheter visade en väg till kunskap. / The aim of the study was to investigate how people without social work education, who practice social work targeted at people with alcohol abuse problems in the third sector learn about social work. Furthermore, the study aimed at investigating which forms of knowledge and abilities the respondents considered to be of importance in order to perform social work. Theories underlying the study were theories of learning. A qualitative method of individual interviews with volunteers and employees in the third sector from central Sweden was performed. A thematic analysis was made and resulted in a number of themes. The result does not show a comprehensive picture of the knowledge situation in the third sector, but shows that previous research is consistent with the results. Important knowledge was theoretical knowledge, the significance of the individual person and the significance of the meeting with the individual. The result also showed that the respondents gained knowledge through professionals related to the organisation, learn by doing and that their own experience showed a path to knowledge.

Orientador: Ana Angelica Medeiros Albano / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T16:04:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Randi_Alexandre_M.pdf: 3080792 bytes, checksum: 7ee6ac8872f509b9ce54db1ea2adffb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: trabalho busca explorar as relações commplexas presentes no processo de formação de um educador da área social, a partir da convivência com os potenciais e os limites que se estabelecem entre arte, educação e inclusão social, no universo do Terceiro Setor brasileiro. Tomando por base a contextualização de três diferentes territórios ¿ Palco, Academia e Periferia ¿ que perpassam a história de um grupo musical formado por crianças e adolescentes da periferia de Campinas, atendidas por um projeto socioeducativo institucional ¿ a banda Bate Lata ¿ busca-se responder à questão o que mudou na sua vida depois que você entrou na banda?, geralmente dirigida aos integrantes da banda, a partir da perspectiva do trabalho busca explorar as relações complexas presentes no processo de formação de um educador da área social, a partir da convivência com os potenciais e os limites que se estabelecem entre arte, educação e inclusão social, no universo do Terceiro Setor brasileiro. Tomando por base a contextualização de três diferentes territórios ¿ Palco, Academia e Periferia ¿ que perpassam a história de um grupo musical formado por crianças e adolescentes da periferia de Campinas, atendidas por um projeto socioeducativo institucional ¿ a banda Bate Lata ¿ busca-se responder à questão o que mudou na sua vida depois que você entrou na banda?, geralmente dirigida aos integrantes da banda, a partir da perspectiva do educador / Abstract: The aim of this work is to explore the complex relations concerning to the formation of an educator of the social area, from the point of view of the potentials and the limits that are established between art, education and social inclusion, in the context of brazilian¿s Third Sector. Taking the contextualization of three different territories ¿ Stage, Academy, and Suburbs ¿ for base, one searchs to answer, from the educator¿s perspective, to the question what have changed in your life after you joined the band? directed to the members of the ¿Bate Lata¿ band, a musical group composed of children and teenagers that live in a suburb of Campinas (São Paulo state, Brazil) taken care of from a institutional socio-educative project / Mestrado / Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte / Mestre em Educação

As an effect of the neoliberalist development, the public sector has outsourced the provision of some public services to the private and the third sector. This has led to the expansion of the latter, and a more central position of the actors related to it; among them the social entrepreneur. A social entrepreneur has the objective of creating social impact, while adopting a more business-like approach. This is often a way of achieving financial sustainability or competitive advantage.The aim of this thesis is twofold; first of all, to explore the concept of social entrepreneurship, what it entails and how it is applied. Secondly, it is viewed from the more concrete perspective of the role of a social entrepreneur. In order to operationalise the research, the role of a social entrepreneur is contemplated on in relation to one specific actor, namely Stadsbruk. They are an incubator for commercial urban farmers, with ambition of creating social impact on several levels. The discussion treats how they, as a social entrepreneurial actor, stand in relation to the public sector, the power structure it creates and their position in the urban context, primarily concerning aspects of space and power.The findings of this study indicate that there needs to be a balance between entrepreneurial ambitions and objectives of creating a social impact for an actor to qualify as a social entrepreneur. As the field of research on social entrepreneurship is in a pre-paradigmatic state, it is reasonable to expect that the concept will be more clearly defined if or when the paradigm is set. Moreover, theories on narratives shaping the paradigm of social entrepreneurship suggest that there are different trajectories. However, one might also consider re-evaluating the concept of a traditional entrepreneur; the social entrepreneur could simply be a more holistic approach to entrepreneurship in general. Finally, the activities of a social entrepreneur are often related to that of the public sector. The results of the research imply a power structure, in which the social entrepreneur (in the case of this study Stadsbruk) are subordinate the public sector, due to structures of dependency, etc. This also relates to Massey’s theory on power relations in connection to space; power-geometry. An actor like Stadsbruk are positioned in the urban context, in which to struggles and relations of power and aspects of space are inevitable.

The non-profit sector in the Czech Republic has undergone a significant transformation over the last 120 years. This thesis describes the beginnings of the non-profit sector, its heyday in the First Republic period, as well as the period of decline during the Second World War. Equally, how the civil society developed in the 1970s, on which basis the non-profit sector is built today. The diploma thesis depicts the role of civil society within the non-profit sector, issues and difficulties of the non-profit sector in The Czech Republic and explains to the reader the typology and problems of terminology for the non-profit sector. The last segment of the theoretical part deals with the prospective trends in the non-profit sector, and then in an empirical survey, tries to determine whether we can observe the onset of these promising trends in the Czech Republic. The diploma thesis contains two types of research in this direction: quantitative and qualitative.

This thesis deals with the role of volunteering in social services for the elderly in non-profit organizations. The aim of the work is to find out what benefits volunteers can provide for clients. I have focused on non-profit organizations for which volunteering is typical. I acquired data through in-depth interviews with clients and volunteers selected non-profit organization providing residential care for the elderly. Through this research I have offered a look at the benefits of volunteering through the requirements of current social services. Volunteers have been found to contribute to a higher quality of service. Key words: social service, volunteering, non-profit organizations, third sector, elderly, residential care

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the post-Soviet transformation process influenced the establishment of democratic institutions in the country of Georgia. Scholars and analysts from international organizations have revealed a gap in the development of the central and regional civil society organizations in Georgia. Using Morgan's organizational metaphors framework as a guide, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the nature, culture, and structure of regional nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Georgia. Research questions focused on the influence of the post-Soviet transformation on the development of Georgia's regional NGO sector and its perceived capacity as a democratic institution. Data were gathered through interviews with 9 stakeholders from 3 regional NGOs, observations of the organizations' daily operations, and review of publicly available documents and organizational records. The data were analyzed thematically, using structural and pattern coding. The analysis revealed that regional NGOs in Georgia are strong leader-driven, family style organizations and limited in their financial and organizational capacities. The insufficient intersectoral collaboration with local government and businesses has kept regional NGOs fully dependent on small grants provided by international donor organizations and large NGOs from the capital city, Tbilisi. That dependence has restricted local NGOs' ability to initiate programs based on the identified needs and demands of the local communities. The results of this study increase the knowledge of civil society organizations outside Tbilisi and offer recommendations for enhancing the organizational capacity of regional NGOs, leading to rapid democratization processes and positive social change in Georgia.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RilsonFPC_DISSERT.pdf: 3034446 bytes, checksum: 3438246bec362ea10fb8ddec43c5dd86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 / The research aimed identify how the quality of services provided by Casa de Apoio ? Crian?a com C?ncer Durval Paiva is perceived by its users, giving an opportunity of improve their performance in social services provision pointing out the failures experienced, the institution will have the user as a important partner in fails identification, serving as a subsidy to the actions of correction and improvement to such situations demands. With this work implementation will be observed contributions that will permeate to the fields of theory and practice, enabling progress and enrichment on the subject. The theoretical contribution is observed as this work execution will provide greater advance about the models developed for the third sector. The proposed work will raise awareness issues about the full potential of the social economy, with regard to the quality of services provided by organizations, allowing a better definition of priorities on their development. The study addressed three issues: identifying the people that receive support of the Casa Durval Paiva, identifying what is the level of satisfaction of families served and evaluate the services provided by Casa Durval Paiva that demand improvements in the perception of families assisted. Found a demand for services has been found that the institution has a multidisciplinary team with a high level of professionalism, and supervised with students of various educational institutions and many volunteers to complement the actions of individual professionals. Was measured a high satisfaction of users of the services provided by Casa Durval Paiva / prestados, pela Casa de Apoio ? Crian?a com C?ncer Durval Paiva, ? percebida por seus usu?rios, fornecendo-lhe oportunidade de avalia??o do desempenho desta na presta??o de servi?os sociais, uma vez que, ao apontar as falhas vivenciadas, a institui??o ter? o usu?rio como forte aliado na identifica??o dos erros cometidos, servindo de subs?dios ?s a??es de corre??o e melhoria que tais situa??es demandar?o. Com a execu??o do trabalho proposto, ser?o observadas contribui??es que permear?o os campos da teoria e da pr?tica, possibilitando avan?os e enriquecimento acerca do tema. A contribui??o te?rica se observar? ? medida que a execu??o do trabalho propiciar? um maior aprofundamento a respeito dos modelos desenvolvidos para o terceiro setor. O trabalho proposto possibilitar? a consci?ncia de aspectos limitantes ao aproveitamento pleno dos potenciais da economia social, com rela??o ? qualidade dos servi?os prestados por organiza??es do terceiro setor, permitindo uma melhor defini??o de prioridades sobre o seu desenvolvimento. O trabalho abordou tr?s temas: identificar o p?blico alvo atendido pela Casa Durval Paiva; identificar qual ? o n?vel de satisfa??o das fam?lias atendidas com rela??o aos servi?os prestados pela Casa Durval Paiva e avaliar quais os servi?os prestados pela Casa Durval Paiva que demandam melhorias, na percep??o das fam?lias assistidas. Verificada a demanda dos servi?os oferecidos, foi constatado que a institui??o tem uma equipe multidisciplinar com um elevado n?vel de profissionalismo, al?m de est?gios supervisionados com alunos das diversas institui??es de ensinos e um corpo de volunt?rios que complementam as a??es de cada um dos profissionais. Aferido uma alta satisfa??o dos usu?rios pelos servi?os prestados pela Casa Durval Paiva

本研究選擇公共行政研究的新興議題，即歐美非營利組織發展新趨勢－「社會企業」(social enterprises)作為研究主題。 第一章緒論，首先闡述受到志願失靈的影響，促使社會企業的興起，然而，此種歐美非營利組織發展的新趨勢，則遭受到許多質疑與挑戰，包含：認同困境、認知困境、合法性困境，及實踐困境。首先，社會企業在型態上呈現兩種發展趨勢，既包含非營利組織師法企業，也包含企業師法非營利組織，應該採取何種趨勢，亦或兼採兩種趨勢，目前似乎尚無定論，這也造成社會企業研究的「認同困境」；其次，歐美各國社會企業的組織類型與法律地位差異性甚大，故研究議題遲未定調，造成社會企業內涵相當模糊，缺乏一致性概念，而造成社會企業研究的「認知困境」；第三，社會企業雖然可以挹注非營利組織財源，或解決高失業等社會問題，但社會企業所採取的商業行為，依然潛藏許多風險，而遭受到「合法性困境」的挑戰；第四，台灣社會企業發展尚屬萌芽階段，未來是否一定要師法此一趨勢，目前似乎仍有疑慮，而造成「實踐困境」。這四項困境，前三者受到學術研究領域的關注，而第四者則較受實務界的關心，而這四項困境，也促發本論文之研究動機。緣此，本研究之目的在於從歐美各國發展經驗，析探台灣社會企業的發展現況，並據以建構適合台灣社會企業的類型與研究建議。 第二章文獻探討與分析架構，就學術界或實務界而言，「社會企業」一詞仍處於發展階段，故對其內涵尚未達成一致性的共識，類似的名詞屢見，而造成研究上的混淆，然對於新興議題的研究，文獻探討必須聚焦於核心概念，方得以觀其全貌，避免失焦。基此，本研究首先檢閱國內外以社會企業(social enterprise)為研究主題的代表性文獻；其次，則依據問題意識，檢視相關文獻的重要著作及研究焦點，最後，則檢視相關文獻的解釋力，並據以建構本研究之分析架構。 對於歐美社會企業的發展，目前分析架構並無法充分解釋，且鑑於社會企業係屬非營利組織研究的新興課題，在缺乏堅實理論支持下，實難採取假設演繹法加以驗證，爰針對歐美社會企業所面臨的認同困境、認知困境，及合法性困境，依據文獻歸納出三大困境的共同特質，並據以建構分析架構，將最契合歐美社會企業發展的現況。緣此，本研究即採取歸納法方式，依據問題意識梳釐歐美社會企業的共同特質，據以建構社會企業的分析架構。 社會企業的認同困境關注重點在於，歐美社會企業為何浮現？認知困境關注重點在於，歐美社會企業的組織特質為何？合法性困境關注重點在於，歐美社會企業有何貢獻與限制？而從Hansmann論點可以發現，認同困境與合法性困境，相當契合非營利組織角色理論的內涵，而認知困境則相當契合非營利組織行為理論的內涵。故本研究援引Hansmann的論點，並依據歐美社會企業三大困境的實際內涵，將探討歐美社會企業興起的認同困境，其分析架構面向定義為「環境」，而將研究歐美社會企業組織特質的認知困境其分析架構面向定義為「結構」，最後，則是將探討歐美社會企業有何貢獻與限制的合法性困境，其分析架構面向定義為「功能」，在此三個面向基礎下，依據「金字塔」概念建構本研究分析架構，以全面檢視歐美社會企業的發展現況，並驗證社會企業在台灣應用之可行性。 第三章歐洲社會企業之發展，主要依據分析架構，從環境、結構，及功能三個面向加以分析。環境面向分析重點在於探討歐洲社會企業興起的背景及其解釋理論；結構面向分析重點在於歐洲各國社會企業的現況、比較各國發展的差異，並說明歐洲社會企業的組織特徵；功能面向分析重點在於歐洲社會企業所採取的發展策略及新趨勢，並析探這些策略所產生的貢獻與限制。 第四章美國社會企業之發展，則同樣依據分析架構，從環境、結構，及功能三個面向加以分析。環境面向分析重點在於探討美國社會企業興起的背景及其解釋理論；結構面向分析重點在於美國社會企業的現況，並說明其組織特徵；功能面向分析重點在於美國社會企業所採取的發展策略及新趨勢，並析探這些策略所產生的貢獻與限制。 第五章台灣社會企業之探究，本章首先提出研究設計，包含深度訪談法的過程與樣本選取，並據以提出本研究之編碼類別表；其次分別從從環境、結構，及功能三個面向，逐一檢索深度訪談法所選取四個樣本的發展經驗，並論述這些經驗與歐美社會企業發展的契合程度。 由於本論文係屬探索性研究，故採取質化研究方法較為適當，是以，本研究採取深度訪談法，據以析探台灣社會企業的發展現況。質化研究樣本選取重點在於其代表性，而非數量多寡，故在樣本數方面，主要採取「立意取樣法」，選取具代表性個案作為訪談對象；至於樣本選取主要依據三個指標，包含：個案的知名度，是否有顯著的商業活動，及必須契合本研究之問題意識，並依此選取喜憨兒基金會、伊甸基金會、陽光基金會，及彭婉如基金會作為訪談樣本。 在資料分析方面，本研究採取質的編碼方式及比較分析法，針對四個訪談個案的訪談資料，分別進行反覆及深入的分析，從環境、結構、及功能三個面向，析探台灣社會企業的發展現況與應用性。 第六章結論與建議，本章首先比較歐美社會企業的發展經驗，以資台灣社會企業類型建構之依據，而從歐美社會企業發展經驗可以發現，對於社會企業所面臨之「認同困境」、「認知困境」，及「合法性困境」，至今仍舊缺乏完整性的分析架構，故本研究依據歐美社會企業三大發展困境，從環境、結構，及功能三個面向，建構分析歐美社會企業的分析架構，試圖釐清歐美社會企業的內涵。而對於社會企業在台灣應用所面臨的「實踐困境」，則可在此分析架構下，透過歐美發展經驗的比較，檢視社會企業在台灣應用的可行性。依據深度訪談資料顯示，本研究所選取以基金會為主體的社會企業，相當契合歐美社會企業的發展軌跡，且成效相當顯著。緣此，本研究擬依據深度訪談資料，提出台灣社會企業發展的學術與實務建議，學術建議部分在於透過深度訪談個案，建構契合台灣社會企業發展的類型，以資後續研究參考；實務建議部分則關注社會企業在台灣應用所可以面臨的風險提出建議，除引為殷鑑外，亦可達知識管理之效。在學術研究方面，本研究依據訪談資料，分別將之命名為「責任中心型」、「許可協議型」、「就業中心型」，及「政策倡議型」，並據以建構適合台灣社會企業的類型；其次，從非營利組織本身、政府協力關係，及企業協力關係三個角度，提出實務建議。對於非營利組織本身可能造成使命漂移、公益形象，與管理層面等三方面的風險，分別提出「案主權益優先原則」、「建構第三部門的社會資本」，及「應用組織發展技術」等三項建議；對於政府協力關係可能會產生自主性與政策倡議兩方面的風險，分別提出「自律為主，他律為輔」及「利益迴避原則」二項建議；對於企業協力關係可能會出現文化與價值衝突與不公平競爭兩方面的風險，分別提出「強化募款能力」及「建立聯盟」二項建議。

The past 10 years has been filled with an ambition to encourage the non- profit sector to become a producer of welfare services by making it easier to apply for financial aid and co-operation. Non-profit labour is described as a force that is not driven by financial gains but with the purpose to contribute to the overall welfare of the citizens. Many studies have so far tried to understand the underlying motives behind non-profit labour and its structure historically but what effect has social relationships on the emergence of civic engagement and what kind of resources are necessary to enter the third sector? The main purpose of this study is to contribute to previous studies made in the field of non-profit-labour by further investigating the importance of social relationships for the entrance to the third sector and the requirements to get involved in a non-profit organization. This study is based on 16 interviews made with individuals who are currently engaged in a non-profit organization. The material was analyzed by Mark Granovetters theory based on the strength of weak ties and Pierre Bourdieu theory onfields, habitus and capital. The theories made it possible to highlight and understand the importance of different relationships in the development of civic engagement and the informal requirements that create thresholds. 
 
 The main conclusions of this study is that distant friendships contribute to spontaneous civic engagement while close relationships with relatives encourage civic engagement in specific organizations that have a meaning, purpose and connection to the family. The findings of this study further indicates that informal thresholds exist to get involved in the third sector. The participants have experienced competition in the field with other organizations to gain financial resources and to initiate innovative projects to deserve these resources. To be able to engage in a non-profit organization the participants are not only expected to have specific values and a specific force. Participants of the third sector value differents resources over others. Resources such as academic knowledge, personal experience and insight are highly valued and seen as legitimate by peers in the same field.