Democracy and human rights are concepts whose definition depends on contextual cues. The paper analyzes what themes related to those concepts can be found in the context of abortion discourse in Poland in the years 2020-2023 and how they define or redefine these ideas, especially in the context of democratic regression. The study uses theme analysis to find common patterns and establish a clear structure. Findings present two main themes: values present in the discourse with three subthemes: morality and rights, church influence and national identity, question of doctors; and present institutions and their role: validity of Tribunals verdict and question of who should decide on this law. Themes prove some significant shifts in the discourse compared to previous studies and further show a divide in the definitions of democracy and human rights in Poland.

Master of Arts / Department of Communication Studies, Theatre, and Dance / Charles J. Griffin / Modern disasters have shown a disturbing tendency to disrupt normal community life by severing the connection between social services and the populace. Emergency managers realize that responding to disasters presents many unique communication challenges, both on the technical level and the symbolic level. Communities have begun to organize themselves to prepare for and respond to disasters in the event that emergency response agencies confront such challenges. The Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program was established to train and deploy citizens to supplement the efforts of first responders. The CERT program's website provides information about the program, how to form a CERT and other training and administrative information. A close textual reading of the CERT website enables the rhetorical critic to identify the use of fantasy themes that construct a vision that defines CERT as a rhetorical community. Upon identifying the rhetorical vision at work, a comparison can be made to the features that define a social movement. Applying social movement theory to citizen initiatives opens the possibility for improving community response and the study of communication issues in disaster response.

A presente tese volta-se a um estudo bibliométrico descritivo que toma como base as dissertações de mestrado geradas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Turismo (PPGTUR), no Brasil, e a contribuição recebida da produção científica da área, com foco na análise das temáticas e das referências bibliográficas. Desenvolveu-se um estudo da produção gerada nos PPGTUR, reconhecida e recomendada pela Capes por meio do mapeamento das dissertações de mestrado defendidas de 2008 a 2012. A coleta de dados foi feita em sites diferentes: no site da Capes - para a identificação dos PPGTUR, nos sites dos Programas e bases de dados bibliográficas - para a identificação dos mestrados e, na consulta in loco das dissertações - para a identificação das citações. A classificação temática das dissertações pautou-se nas categorias criadas na área. As referências bibliográficas listadas nas dissertações sofreram o processo de amostragem, o número de citações foi obtido a partir da estimativa da proporção populacional. Para cada referência amostrada foram identificadas as seguintes características: tipo de documento, autoria, idioma e temporalidade. Foram selecionados quatro PPGTUR (UNIVALI; UCS; UAM e UFRN), que forneceram 206 dissertações de mestrado, das quais, por sua vez, se extraiu o conjunto das citações amostradas (1.638 referências). As temáticas que se destacaram foram \"Gestão Turismo\" (18%), \"Patrimônio Turístico\" (17%) e \"Serviços Turísticos\" (15%), as demais temáticas representaram os outros 50% dos temas estudados nas dissertações de mestrado. A pesquisa mostrou que os livros e capítulos contribuíram com o maior número de citações (58%), tendo os artigos de periódicos contribuídos com apenas 15%. A maior concentração dos documentos citados tem datas de publicação de até 15 anos antes da data da defesa da dissertação; o idioma português predominou nas citações (85%) e o inglês (11%). A análise da produção acadêmica em Turismo, representada pelas dissertações de mestrado dos PPGTUR, contribui para construção de uma visão geral da pesquisa em turismo no Brasil, com vistas à consolidação da área. / This thesis addresses a descriptive bibliometric study based on Master\'s Dissertations developed in Brazil\'s Post-Graduation Programs in Tourism (PGPTOUR), as well as on contributions from the scientific production in that area focused on the analysis of themes and bibliographic references. A study was conducted on the production developed in PGPTOUR, recognized and recommended by Capes, by means of a mapping of Master\'s Dissertations defended from 2008 to 2012. Data collection was undertaken in different sites: the site of Capes - for the identification of the PGPTOUR, Programs sites and bibliographic databases - for the identification of Masters\' and in loco consultation of those Masters\' - for the identification of citations. The thematic classification of the Masters\' was based on the categories created in the area. The bibliographic references listed in the dissertations were subjected to a sampling process and the number of citations was obtained from an estimate of the population proportion. For each reference sampled, the following characteristics were identified: kind of document, authorship, language and temporality. Four PGPTOUR were selected: UNIVALI, UCS, UAM and UFRN; they produced 206 Master\'s Dissertations from which the bulk of citations sampled was excerpted (1,638 references). The themes that stood out were \"Tourism Management\" (18%), \"Touristic Heritage\" (17%) and \"Touristic Services\" (15%); the remaining themes stood for the other 50% themes studied in Masters\' dissertations. The research showed that books and chapters contributed the most citations (58%) while articles in periodicals contributed only 15%. The largest concentration of documents quoted have publishing dates up to 15 years prior to the defense of the Master\'s Dissertations. In citations, Portuguese was the most used language (85%) while English was used in only 11% of them. The analysis of the academic production in Tourism, represented by Master\'s dissertations developed in PGTOUR, contributes to the building of an overview of research in Tourism in Brazil for the purpose of consolidation of the area.

Sports fandoms can form a key site of identity formation, particularly as they gather and merge numerous threads of identity, including gender, socio-economic status, and civic affiliation. The connections formed between members of the fandom, the fandom and the team, and the fandom and the place in which it is grounded can be a strong force for social cohesion. This cohesion becomes particularly relevant during times of crisis, when some turn to sports as a unifier. However, these relationships can also be fraught with tensions, within the group and without. Forces such as nostalgia and the ‘othering’ of those outside the group become import methods in creating and sustaining these Andersonian “imaginary communities” of fans, mitigating difference. In examining this process of identity creation, two cities were chosen for their intense team attachments: Pittsburgh and Baltimore. Qualitative analysis of discourses surrounding the teams in these cities reveals the complex ways in which nostalgic fantasies about the team and its relationship to the city are created and maintained, hierarchies of space and time are formed, and the identity of the community is shaped by its relationship to team and city. Analysis of the sporting landscape, created through a complex network of material culture, media, and the repetition of certain fantasy themes, reveals how geography is complexly implicated in the production of sporting fandom. / text

A presente tese volta-se a um estudo bibliométrico descritivo que toma como base as dissertações de mestrado geradas nos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Turismo (PPGTUR), no Brasil, e a contribuição recebida da produção científica da área, com foco na análise das temáticas e das referências bibliográficas. Desenvolveu-se um estudo da produção gerada nos PPGTUR, reconhecida e recomendada pela Capes por meio do mapeamento das dissertações de mestrado defendidas de 2008 a 2012. A coleta de dados foi feita em sites diferentes: no site da Capes - para a identificação dos PPGTUR, nos sites dos Programas e bases de dados bibliográficas - para a identificação dos mestrados e, na consulta in loco das dissertações - para a identificação das citações. A classificação temática das dissertações pautou-se nas categorias criadas na área. As referências bibliográficas listadas nas dissertações sofreram o processo de amostragem, o número de citações foi obtido a partir da estimativa da proporção populacional. Para cada referência amostrada foram identificadas as seguintes características: tipo de documento, autoria, idioma e temporalidade. Foram selecionados quatro PPGTUR (UNIVALI; UCS; UAM e UFRN), que forneceram 206 dissertações de mestrado, das quais, por sua vez, se extraiu o conjunto das citações amostradas (1.638 referências). As temáticas que se destacaram foram \"Gestão Turismo\" (18%), \"Patrimônio Turístico\" (17%) e \"Serviços Turísticos\" (15%), as demais temáticas representaram os outros 50% dos temas estudados nas dissertações de mestrado. A pesquisa mostrou que os livros e capítulos contribuíram com o maior número de citações (58%), tendo os artigos de periódicos contribuídos com apenas 15%. A maior concentração dos documentos citados tem datas de publicação de até 15 anos antes da data da defesa da dissertação; o idioma português predominou nas citações (85%) e o inglês (11%). A análise da produção acadêmica em Turismo, representada pelas dissertações de mestrado dos PPGTUR, contribui para construção de uma visão geral da pesquisa em turismo no Brasil, com vistas à consolidação da área. / This thesis addresses a descriptive bibliometric study based on Master\'s Dissertations developed in Brazil\'s Post-Graduation Programs in Tourism (PGPTOUR), as well as on contributions from the scientific production in that area focused on the analysis of themes and bibliographic references. A study was conducted on the production developed in PGPTOUR, recognized and recommended by Capes, by means of a mapping of Master\'s Dissertations defended from 2008 to 2012. Data collection was undertaken in different sites: the site of Capes - for the identification of the PGPTOUR, Programs sites and bibliographic databases - for the identification of Masters\' and in loco consultation of those Masters\' - for the identification of citations. The thematic classification of the Masters\' was based on the categories created in the area. The bibliographic references listed in the dissertations were subjected to a sampling process and the number of citations was obtained from an estimate of the population proportion. For each reference sampled, the following characteristics were identified: kind of document, authorship, language and temporality. Four PGPTOUR were selected: UNIVALI, UCS, UAM and UFRN; they produced 206 Master\'s Dissertations from which the bulk of citations sampled was excerpted (1,638 references). The themes that stood out were \"Tourism Management\" (18%), \"Touristic Heritage\" (17%) and \"Touristic Services\" (15%); the remaining themes stood for the other 50% themes studied in Masters\' dissertations. The research showed that books and chapters contributed the most citations (58%) while articles in periodicals contributed only 15%. The largest concentration of documents quoted have publishing dates up to 15 years prior to the defense of the Master\'s Dissertations. In citations, Portuguese was the most used language (85%) while English was used in only 11% of them. The analysis of the academic production in Tourism, represented by Master\'s dissertations developed in PGTOUR, contributes to the building of an overview of research in Tourism in Brazil for the purpose of consolidation of the area.

Platsannonsen är ett medel för att övertyga arbetssökande att bli en del av arbetsgivarens gemenskap. I utformningen av platsannonser kan arbetsgivare marknadsföra sig genom att använda retoriska språkverktyg och även framställa en bild av organisationen, men i platsannonsen finns även en underliggande, dold berättelse om hur företaget ser på världen. Med en retorisk analys kan man synliggöra de dolda budskapen bakom organisationens beskrivning av sig själva och av den önskade kandidaten. Syftet med denna uppsats är därmed att genom en retorisk analys utforska och förstå rekryteringsspråket i platsannonser inom två olika yrkesområden. Detta görs med hjälp av fantasitema-analys och genom analys av fem retoriska figurer för att förstå hur platsannonserna använder retorik och hur de i sin helhet framställer en gemenskap. Utifrån syftet utgår uppsatsen från följande frågeställningar: Vilka retoriska figurer används återkommande i platsannonser inom data/IT-branschen respektive vårdsektorn? Vilka gemenskaper projiceras genom fanatsiteman i platsannonser inom data/IT-branschen respektive vårdsektorn? Hur branschspecifikt är rekryteringsspråket? Metoden som användes var en kombination av kvalitativ och kvantitativ innehållsanalys av platsannonser från två olika branscher, data/IT-branschen och vårdsektorn. Det var 60 platsannonser, 30 från respektive bransch, som analyserades med hjälp av fem retoriska figurer och fantasitema-analys. Resultaten av analysen visade att både data/IT-branschen och vårdsektorn använder de retoriska figurerna hyperbol, superlativ, metafor, hendiatris och bathos för att förstärka budskap i platsannonser. De användes både för att skapa en förstärkt bild av organisationen och för att beskriva de önskade kvalitéerna hos arbetssökande. Fantasitema-analysen visade att data/IT-branschen projicerar en gemenskap som strävar efter att vara innovativ, spännande och att nå framgång. Vidare framställer sig organisationerna söka en kandidat som är driven, har ambition för utveckling och som passar in i organisationens etablerade kultur, vilket skulle kunna tyda på en viss homogenitet i data/IT-branschen. Fantasitema-analysen visade att vårdsektorn projicerar en omsorgsfull gemenskap som eftersträvar hög kompetens och som tycker att det är viktigt att nyanställda får stöd. Dessutom beskriver organisationerna sig som prestigefyllda arbetsplatser där den viktigaste drivkraften för arbetssökande framställs vara att göra skillnad och arbeta med ett meningsfullt arbete. När data/IT-branschen och vårdsektorn jämfördes framkom det att det fanns både likheter och skillnader. I platsannonserna använder branscherna de fem retoriska figurerna på ett likartat sätt för att beskriva organisationen och arbetssökande. Vidare framkom liknande fantasiteman i branscherna, dock i olika frekvens. Resultatet tyder på att data/IT-branschen och vårdsektorn har vissa skillnader, men platsannonsernas retoriska struktur och språk används likartat och därmed skulle rekryteringsspråket anses kunna vara relativt generellt.

For this project I analyze the film Bronson, focusing on its connection to the contemporary masculinity crisis discourse or the belief that traditional notions of masculinity are in peril due to changing gender norms and women's social progress. I argue Bronson privileges a narrow, violent conception of masculinity through its presentation of violence and domination over other men. I use Ernest Bormann's Symbolic Convergence Theory to analyze how the film makes sense of the real life events it is based on in a way that appeals to the contemporary masculinity crisis discourse. I argue that Bronson is a notable representation of masculinity because it recounts the life of an infamous criminal in a fashion that frames his actions as a resistance to effeminate men. The film's treatment of masculinity is problematic because it advances a restrictive notion of masculinity that involves violent, destructive behavior.

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新聞報導是一種語藝的行動或一種說服之過程，也是一種真實的再現，透過不斷的傳播，建構出團體成員對外在世界的共同認知，逐漸成為閱聽人的共同印象。以社會運動來說，新聞工作者往往認為「衝突、對抗、造勢」等戲劇性效果，最具新聞價值，也最能代表社運，因此，媒體建構了社運，同時建構了人們對社運的印象。而以學生為主體的社會運動，因角色的轉換與社會的想像，使得媒體刻意在報導中多了些「保護」與「憐惜」，易產生與其它社會運動不同的報導取徑。 　　本研究以《聯合報》的野百合學運和太陽花學運的新聞報導作為研究對象，透過「幻想主題分析」的研究架構，輔以外在分析，探討單一媒體建構學運的語藝視野是否會隨著時代變遷而有所變化？ 　　研究發現，在《聯合報》語藝建構下，兩代學運呈現迥然不同的語藝視野，野百合學運的語藝視野為「憲政改革眾望所歸」和「民主自由難能可貴」；太陽花學運的語藝視野為「朝野惡鬥國會失能」和「民主之恥民主鬧劇」，並發現學運期間的讀者投書，具明顯的覆誦現象，形成一致的語藝社群，不僅如此，本研究同時驗證了單一媒體在建構不同世代學運的語藝視野，並不會全然產生相同的觀看視角與報導取徑。