Confronté à la question de l’actualité de la philosophie, celle en devenir, Adorno a ciblé une tâche pressante, à savoir l’interprétation d’un monde qui laisse les individus insatisfaits. L’imagination en a été désignée l’organon. À partir d’éléments disséminés au sein d’une œuvre qui s’étale sur près de cinq décennies (1924-1969), ce mémoire tente de reconstruire la réflexion qu’il a entretenu au sujet de cette faculté. Une première section s’attache à la détailler la critique qu’Adorno a élaborée au sujet du rôle de l’imagination productrice et reproductrice dans la théorie de la connaissance kantienne. Notre attention se déplace dans un second temps vers l’esthétique adornienne et l’importance que réserve celle-ci à la sublimation. Enfin, le troisième chapitre interroge le thème de l’interdit de l’image et les limites qu’il impose au potentiel critique de l’imagination. / Confronted with the question of the actuality of philosophy, Adorno targeted a pressing task, namely the interpretation of a world that leaves individuals unsatisfied. Imagination was designated the organon of such a task. From elements scattered throughout a body of work that spans nearly five decades (1924-1969), this dissertation attempts to reconstruct his thinking regarding this faculty. The first section focuses on Adorno's critique of the role of the productive and reproductive imagination in the Kantian theory of knowledge. Our attention then shifts to Adorno's aesthetics and its emphasis on sublimation. Finally, the third chapter interrogates the theme of the ban on the images and the limits it imposes on the critical potential of the imagination.

Denna kandidatuppsats analyserar dikterna “En begrundande avskedsröst:”, “En överbliven röst minns:”, “Upprörd ekoröst:”, “Sårad socialarbetare fortsätter:”, “En jagröst som tror sig vara ensam överlevande:” samt en av dikterna med titeln “Mothägring” ur Elsa Graves undergångsskildring Slutförbannelser med avseende på framställningen av ekologins, ideologins och religionens roller i undergången. Centralt för analysen är framställningen av ekologins, ideologins och religionens förhållande till naturen samt hur deras respektive hållning i samspel med varandra gestaltas som drivande i undergångsprocesserna. Ekologins förhållande till naturen analyseras genom Timothy Mortons teoribildning om mörk ekologi. Ideologins och religionens förhållande till naturen undersöks genom Max Horkheimers och Theodor W Adornos bok Upplysningens dialektik. Analysens huvudsakliga resultat består i att ideologin och religionen framställs som mänskliga konstruktioner fjärmade från naturen vilket gör dem drivande i de förintande undergångsprocesserna. Ideologins förhållande till naturen framställs som drivande då den förintar både världen och sig själv, medan religionens förhållningssätt till naturen snarare framställs som en orsak i förhållande till ideologin. Undergångens orsaker identifieras gällande ideologin såväl som religionen som ett uteslutande av det ekologiska tänkandet om naturen. Ideologin respektive religionen framställs i Slutförbannelser som mänskliga konstruktioner medan det ekologiska tänkandet snarare framstår som evigt.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:12:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Retido.pdf: 19733 bytes, checksum: 6aad255badc436a06364517de2344ab6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-13 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The present PhD dissertation discusses the relationship between the Critical Theory of Society and empirical social research as elaborated in the work of the Institute of Social Research of Frankfurt, particularly after 1931, during the period in which it was under the direction of Max Horkheimer. Thus, it investigates to what extent such a nexus considered part of this theory s immanent coherence can be found in the research carried out in the United States and published as The Authoritarian Personality. The first chapter is dedicated to the reconstruction of Horkheimer s notion of interdisciplinary materialism. The discussion is based on his inaugural lecture as the Institute director, and on his essays published during the 1930s. In the second chapter, the main empirical social research projects carried out by the Institute members, in Germany and in the United States, are presented. The third chapter is dedicated to Theodor W. Adorno, his critique of Sociology and his views about the accomplishment of empirical research in the scope of Critical Theory. The last chapter is dedicated to an analysis of The Authoritarian Personality, seeking connections between the theory and procedures and instruments, and also between theoretical elaborations on their results. / A presente tese discute a relação entre a Teoria Crítica da Sociedade e a pesquisa social empírica no Instituto de Pesquisas Sociais de Frankfurt, a partir de sua direção por Max Horkheimer, e investiga em que medida esse nexo considerado interno à teoria pode ser encontrado na pesquisa realizada nos Estados Unidos e publicada sob o título de The Authoritarian Personality. O primeiro capítulo é dedicado à reconstrução de ideia de materialismo interdisciplinar, proposto por Horkheimer, a partir de seu discurso inaugural como diretor do Instituto e de seus textos teóricos produzidos na década de 1930. No segundo capítulo, são apresentadas as principais pesquisas sociais empíricas realizadas pelos intelectuais do Instituto tanto na Alemanha, quanto no exílio americano. O terceiro capítulo é dedicado às críticas e reelaborações de Theodor W. Adorno a respeito de sua visão sobre a realização de pesquisas empíricas no âmbito da Teoria Crítica. O último capítulo é destinado às análises de The Authoritarian Personality, em busca de suas conexões com a teoria a partir tanto de seus procedimentos e instrumentos, quanto de suas elaborações teóricas a respeito de seus resultados.

The suffering that initially prompts ethical reflection is frequently forgotten in the generalised rational response of much contemporary International Relations theory. This thesis draws on Theodor W. Adorno and Gillian Rose to propose an alternative approach to suffering in world politics. Adorno argues suffering and trauma play a key role in the task of enlightening Enlightenment. They emphasise the concrete particularity of human existence in a way that is radically challenging to Enlightenment thought. Understanding suffering helps to drive a negative dialectics that preserves the non-identical (that which cannot be understood, manipulated or controlled by reason), holding it up against the instrumentalism and abstraction that have prevented Enlightenment thought from fulfilling its promise. Part One reviews contemporary approaches to international ethics in a way that draws out their affinity with the Enlightenment thought Adorno criticises. Despite their variety, liberal and Habermasian approaches to international ethics tend to be rational and problem-solving, to assume moral progress, to underestimate the importance of history and culture, and to neglect inner lives. They approach ethics in a way that pays too little attention to the social, historical, and cultural antecedents of suffering and therefore promotes solutions that, whilst in some ways inspiring, are too disconnected from the suffering they seek to address to be effective in practice. Part Two deepens the critique of modern ethics through an exposition of Adorno's work. It then draws on Adorno's conception of promise, Rose's writing on mourning and political risk, and a broader literature on ways of working through trauma to propose an alternative way of being in the world with ethical and political implications. I advocate a neo-Hegelian work of mourning, which deepens understanding of the complexities of violence and informs a difficult, tentative, anxiety-ridden taking of political risk in pursuit of a good enough justice.

Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969) propose une philosophie dont les problèmes centraux concernent la réalité sociale. Depuis cette perspective, nous démontrerons, à travers la présentation de quelques modèles théoriques, comment les problèmes traités sont déterminés historiquement et comment la quête de leur résolution engage la philosophie à entrer dans un rapport critique avec elle-même. Cette critique a pour but de corriger les excès de la théorie de la vérité comme adéquation dont la philosophie s’est montrée responsable, tant vis-à-vis d’elle-même que vis-à-vis de l’histoire. À travers ce parcours, nous défendons la thèse que le modèle adornien effectue une « négation déterminée » du concept de totalité sociale en vue d’orienter le penser vers la conscience et la connaissance des éléments hétérogènes de la réalité. Selon nous, une telle réorientation permettrait de rouvrir la conscience à l’expérience de ce qu’elle a de plus précieux : la possibilité de rendre compte de ses erreurs et de les corriger. / Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969) puts forward a philosophy whose central problems concern social reality. From this same perspective, I aim to demonstrate, through the presentation of few theoretical models, how these problems are historically determined and how the search for their solutions imposes the task of self-criticism upon philosophy. This self-critique aims to correct certain excesses of the identity theory of truth for which philosophy is responsible historically and theoretically. Throughout this development, I argue that the Adornian model carries out a “determinate negation” of the concept of social totality. In this negation, Adorno guides thinking towards an awareness and knowledge of the heterogeneous elements of reality. I argue that this allows conscienceness to open itself to the most important aspect of philosophical experience: the possibility of acknowledging one’s mistakes and of correcting them.

Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969) propose une philosophie dont les problèmes centraux concernent la réalité sociale. Depuis cette perspective, nous démontrerons, à travers la présentation de quelques modèles théoriques, comment les problèmes traités sont déterminés historiquement et comment la quête de leur résolution engage la philosophie à entrer dans un rapport critique avec elle-même. Cette critique a pour but de corriger les excès de la théorie de la vérité comme adéquation dont la philosophie s’est montrée responsable, tant vis-à-vis d’elle-même que vis-à-vis de l’histoire. À travers ce parcours, nous défendons la thèse que le modèle adornien effectue une « négation déterminée » du concept de totalité sociale en vue d’orienter le penser vers la conscience et la connaissance des éléments hétérogènes de la réalité. Selon nous, une telle réorientation permettrait de rouvrir la conscience à l’expérience de ce qu’elle a de plus précieux : la possibilité de rendre compte de ses erreurs et de les corriger. / Theodor W. Adorno (1903-1969) puts forward a philosophy whose central problems concern social reality. From this same perspective, I aim to demonstrate, through the presentation of few theoretical models, how these problems are historically determined and how the search for their solutions imposes the task of self-criticism upon philosophy. This self-critique aims to correct certain excesses of the identity theory of truth for which philosophy is responsible historically and theoretically. Throughout this development, I argue that the Adornian model carries out a “determinate negation” of the concept of social totality. In this negation, Adorno guides thinking towards an awareness and knowledge of the heterogeneous elements of reality. I argue that this allows conscienceness to open itself to the most important aspect of philosophical experience: the possibility of acknowledging one’s mistakes and of correcting them.

La présente thèse se propose d’étudier la question de la littérature dans l’œuvre d’Adorno. Elle fait apparaître la fonction utopique que le philosophe attribue à la littérature en tant que celle-ci dessine l’horizon d’une « langue sans terre », ligne de fuite hors de la dialectique de la raison. Tandis que le discours philosophique a reproduit dans son appareil conceptuel la violence mythico-rationnelle à l’encontre du singulier non-identique, la langue littéraire semble en mesure d’indiquer la possibilité de parvenir par le concept au-delà du concept, ce qui constitue le désir utopique de la dialectique négative. L’enjeu n’est pas seulement épistémique : il est bien éthico-politique, lié à la possibilité d’établir des rapports à l’autre libérés de la contrainte de l’identité.Dans les œuvres littéraires dont il entreprend la lecture – qu’il s’agisse de celle d’Eichendorff, de Hölderlin, de Proust, de Valéry, de Beckett ou encore de Kafka – Adorno ne cherche cependant pas une figure concrète de l’utopie, mais la trace de « ce qui nous appartient en propre et qui a été laissé en blanc » – aussi bien dans les textes que dans l’Histoire. La littérature porte alors en creux ce possible impossible dont la puissance hante le présent entre ses lignes ; elle est de la réconciliation (Versöhnung) une image sans image, tout à la fois ressource de la critique radicale des conditions existantes et réserve du désir d’un autre à venir. / This dissertation proposes to study the question of literature in the work of Adorno. It shows the utopian function which the philosopher attributes to literature as it draws the horizon of a "language without soil", a line of flight from the dialectic of reason. While philosophical discourse reproduces in its conceptual apparatus the mythical-rational violence against the non-identical singular, the language of literature seems able to indicate the possibility of reaching beyond the concept with the help of the concept, which is the utopian desire of negative dialectics. The challenge is not only epistemic: it is ethical-political as well, related to the possibility of establishing relations with others which are freed from the constraints of identity.In the literary works which he studies – those of Eichendorff, Hölderlin, Proust, Valery, Beckett or Kafka –, Adorno does however not seek a concrete figure of utopia, but rather traces of "what is our own and has been left blank" - both in these texts and in History. In those blanks, literature contains the « possible impossible » which haunts the present ; it is the picture without picture of Reconciliation (Versöhnung), a resource for both a radical critique of existence and for the desire of the other to come.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 436149.pdf: 770389 bytes, checksum: 1159cc1b100fc3bc72e39574599e17d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-16 / This study investigates the criticism made by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer to the modern concept of rationality in the Dialectics of Enlightenment, which is essentially focalized in the promises of the Aufkl?rung. When they broached the origin of Western logos in a succinct and unique form , realized that the genealogy of knowledge, they perceived that the core is in the dramatic and incontrollable need of the human being to have a self-reliance before the forces of nature which imposes fear. Therefore, the concept of enlightenment can not be understood only in light of eighteenth. For the authors, in the myth there was a knowledge, which is intuitive, explanatory and inseparable from the clarifier thought. This aimed to give explanations and justifications about the events of the relationship between human being and nature. Therefore, i every resistance in the attempt to dominate nature, human beings will increase his potential, his strength and power over it. Thus, the starting point of the Dialectics of Enlightenment is a critique of the enlighten society and modern rationality, which has become instrumental. They make us realize the limits of modernity, reason and science, the more subtle and aggressive aspects that were already present in the mutual relationship between myth and enlightenment. Though the topic broached 'rational dialectic between myth and enlightenment' constitutes the course of this dissertation, it is important to review the question which the authors used to do: why mankind is sinking into a new kind of barbarism? Faced with this question they investigate critically and deepen the strategic and instrumental knowledge that became a mechanism of power and repression. With the thesis that the myth is elucidation and elucidation has become mythology, also shows that modern rationality, under the 'lights' of the reason, has its regression germ in everywhere. The research is developed in three stages: the first chapter includes the context and the sources of the main philosophical questions of the opus Dialectic of Elucidation; the second presents Odysseus as the prototype of modern man from the tour I; Finally, the last chapter deals with the dialectic rationality between myth and elucidation / Este estudo investiga a cr?tica realizada por Theodor Adorno e Max Horkheimer ao conceito de racionalidade moderna, na Dial?tica do Esclarecimento, que tem seu ?pice nas promessas essencialmente iluministas. Ao abordarem de maneira sucinta e ?mpar a origem do logos ocidental, perceberam que a genealogia do conhecimento, o seu n?cleo central, est? na necessidade dram?tica e incontrol?vel do ser humano se autoafirmar perante as for?as da natureza que imp?em medo. Por isso, o conceito de esclarecimento n?o pode ser compreendido somente ? luz do s?culo XVIII e de suas deriva??es otimistas. Para os autores, no mito j? havia um conhecimento intuitivo e explicativo, de algum modo insepar?vel do pensamento esclarecedor. Este visava dar explica??es e justificativas sobre os acontecimentos da rela??o do ser humano com a natureza. Portanto, a cada resist?ncia na tentativa de domina??o da natureza, o ser humano vai aumentando seu potencial, sua for?a e seu poder sobre ela. Assim, o ponto de partida da Dial?tica do Esclarecimento ? uma cr?tica ? sociedade iluminista e ? racionalidade moderna que se tornou instrumental. Para Adorno e Horkheimer devemos perceber os limites da modernidade, da raz?o e da ci?ncia, os aspectos mais sutis e agressivos que j? estavam presentes na rela??o rec?proca dial?tica entre mito e esclarecimento. Embora o tema abordado racionalidade dial?tica entre mito e esclarecimento constitua o percurso desta disserta??o, ? importante recolocarmos a quest?o que os autores fazem: por que a humanidade est? se afundando em uma nova esp?cie de barb?rie? Frente a este questionamento eles investigam e aprofundam de forma cr?tica o conhecimento estrat?gico e instrumental que se tornou mecanismo de poder e repress?o. Com a tese de que o mito ? esclarecimento e o esclarecimento se transformou em mitologia, mostram, ainda, que a racionalidade moderna, sob as luzes da raz?o, tem seu germe de regress?o por toda a parte. A pesquisa se desenvolve em tr?s momentos: o primeiro cap?tulo compreende o contexto e as fontes das principais quest?es filos?ficas da obra Dial?tica do Esclarecimento; o segundo exp?e Ulisses como o prot?tipo do homem moderno a partir do excurso I; por fim, no ?ltimo cap?tulo aborda-se a racionalidade dial?tica entre o mito e o esclarecimento.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:48:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 390589.pdf: 554095 bytes, checksum: 4a6018aa6d7bf40221c3f605d7bd9810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-21 / Na presente pesquisa, vinculada ? linha de pesquisa Cultura e Viol?ncia, que est? inserida na ?rea de concentra??o Viol?ncia do Mestrado em Ci?ncias Criminais da Faculdade de Direito da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul realiza-se uma an?lise cr?tica na forma pelo qual os meios de comunica??o de massa abordam as quest?es referentes a criminalidade. Banalizada por este prisma, a disserta??o vai buscar as teorias da Comunica??o Social, Filosofia, Direito e naquelas que procuram sustentar a verdadeira situa??o da criminalidade vigente no Pa?s, uma verifica??o sobre esta dr?stica interven??o dos meios de comunica??o de massa na realidade social, a qual influencia e altera o comportamento dos homens que acabam tornando em "opini?o p?blica", o que na verdade ? uma "opini?o privada". Ainda, neste estudo pretende-se demosntrar a fun??o da m?dia socialidade, a realidade que a mesma constr?i acerca da criminalidade, e o interece de tratar a quest?o como uma esp?cie de "paravento" de problemas pol?ticos, sociais e econ?micos. Diante disso a pesquisa demosntra a influ?ncia cultural da m?dia na forma??o de opini?o dos seus consumidores quando se aborda a criminalidade, demonstrando assim, a vincula??o direta do presente estudo com a ?rea de concentra??o e com a linha de pesquisa apresentada.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-04-24T13:38:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 467621 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1459509 bytes, checksum: 3995f0881eecaa787a419bff819653b6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-24T13:38:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 467621 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1459509 bytes, checksum: 3995f0881eecaa787a419bff819653b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-05 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This research deals with a central question in philosophy: the problem of foundation. Although the concept of philosophical foundation has undergone profound transformations throughout history, it including the loss of their metaphysical, ontological and theological references, the underlying question to the theme remains the same: the search for rational grounds legitimating of thought and action. After the "Copernican turn" in philosophy undertaken by Kant and the pragmatic-linguistic turn in contemporary philosophy the question of foundation can to express as way follows: what is the transcendental element that is the practical attitude of human? In order to answer this question we will concentrate on the analysis of the thought of two great philosophers of contemporary: Theodor Adorno and J?rgen Habermas. In the meantime, we are dedicated to also examine the concept of rationality of each of these authors, as well as its normative statement of proposals of ethics. We wonder what is the model of reason more apt to examine the normative nature of issues and gnostic of our time, marked on the one hand, the technical prestige and technological sciences, which causes an instrumental view prevails human, on the other hand, often by perniciosa- influenced the mass media, which together with the deficit in the educational and cultural level prevents the full realization of the concept of majority (M?ndigkeit) as telos of individual and collective life as the promised Enlightenment. Our thesis is that dialectical reason developed by Adorno presents itself as a more comprehensive and effective proposal to equate these and other issues of our historic time. / Esta pesquisa versa sobre uma quest?o central na filosofia: o problema da fundamenta??o. Ainda que o conceito de fundamenta??o filos?fica tenha sofrido profundas metamorfoses ao longo da hist?ria, incluindo a perda de suas refer?ncias metaf?sicas, ontol?gicas e teol?gicas, a querela subjacente ao tema continua a mesma: a busca das bases racionais legitimadoras do pensamento e da a??o. Tendo em vista a ?virada copernicana? na filosofia empreendida por Kant e a reviravolta pragm?tico-lingu?stica na filosofia contempor?nea, a quest?o da fundamenta??o deixa-se expressar nos seguintes termos: qual ? o elemento transcendental que reside na atitude pr?tica do homem? Com o objetivo de responder a essa pergunta nos deteremos na an?lise do pensamento de dois grandes fil?sofos da contemporaneidade: Theodor Adorno e J?rgen Habermas. Nesse ?nterim, dedicamo-nos a examinar tamb?m o conceito de racionalidade de cada um desses autores, assim como suas propostas de fundamenta??o normativa da ?tica. Perguntamo-nos qual ? o modelo de raz?o mais apto a examinar as quest?es de natureza normativas e gnosiol?gicas de nossa ?poca, marcada, de um lado, pelo prest?gio da t?cnica e das ci?ncias tecnol?gicas, que faz com que prevale?a uma vis?o instrumental e praticista do homem, e por outro lado, pela influ?ncia? frequentemente perniciosa? dos meios de comunica??o de massa, que aliados ? semiforma??o no plano pedag?gico e cultural impede a plena realiza??o do conceito de maioridade (M?ndigkeit) enquanto telos da vida individual e coletiva como prometia o Iluminismo. A nossa tese ? a de que a raz?o dial?tica desenvolvida por Adorno se apresenta como uma proposta mais abrangente e eficaz para equacionar essas e outras quest?es de nosso momento hist?rico.