Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2005. / Title from title page screen, viewed September 26, 2006. Dissertation Committee: George Padavil, Dianne Gardner (co-chairs), James Palmer, Norma Kelly. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 190-198) and abstract. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 168-174) and index.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-172) and index.

Transcultural nursing refers to the provision of nursing care to patients whose values, beliefs and life-style differ from those of the nurse. To enable nurses to honour their ethical obligation to provide quality care, they must have the necessary knowledge to nurse patients across cultural boundaries. This study was conducted to determine the nurse's knowledge of and attitudes towards the culturally different patient. A questionnaire was used to collect the data. Although nurses see it as a challenge to nurse patients from different cultures, it was found that they do not have the necessary knowledge to provide culture-sensitive care. Other factors, such as the nurse's attitude towards culturally different patients, communication problems, mistrust, prejudice and a lack of understanding of cultural uses and traditions, contribute to the lack of culture-sensitive care. The nursing profession should pay attention to these problems. / Health Studies / Van Tonder, Sally / M.A. (Nursing)

Text in English / In this study an attempt has been made to reflect upon T.G. Mashaba's transcultural themes. For the purpose of this study, the researcher had to differentiate between traditional and professional cultural themes. All of these were mirrored in some of Mashaba's works through the employment of descriptive devices in a manner that enables one to picture her philosophy of transcultural nursing care, her ideas and ideals, conceptions, opinions and beliefs. The chief aim of this study was to survey the significance and contribution of Mashaba transcultural themes to nursing. In identifying the two systems, Mashaba was attempting not only to help nurses to become aware of these systems, but to consider ways to make reciprocal interfaces with the two systems. Marked caring differences among health care systems exist as well as similar features. Efforts were made - by Mashaba - to explicate these caring aspects in order to provide a sound rationale and therapeutic nursing care. The design used in this study was purely descriptive, investigative, interpretive and analytic with the specific aim of elucidating Mashaba's ideas, ideals and thoughts. This approach helped in bringing to light the value of the themes while at the same time focusing attention on their transcultural nature. Leininger's Cultural Theoretical Model was applied - as a conceptual Model - for the analysis of transcultural themes. This research study gives us a picture of a gifted and hardworking woman. She was ambitious and had set definite goals for herself. Her sense of cultural observation and imaginativeness elevate her as- a spokesperson for the underprivileged, not only of her race, but of any nationality. In her efforts, she was a moderate who believed that engagement in a dialogue would bring better and more lasting solutions than war. This gives her work the universal relevance and appeal. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Text in English / In this study an attempt has been made to reflect upon T.G. Mashaba's transcultural themes. For the purpose of this study, the researcher had to differentiate between traditional and professional cultural themes. All of these were mirrored in some of Mashaba's works through the employment of descriptive devices in a manner that enables one to picture her philosophy of transcultural nursing care, her ideas and ideals, conceptions, opinions and beliefs. The chief aim of this study was to survey the significance and contribution of Mashaba transcultural themes to nursing. In identifying the two systems, Mashaba was attempting not only to help nurses to become aware of these systems, but to consider ways to make reciprocal interfaces with the two systems. Marked caring differences among health care systems exist as well as similar features. Efforts were made - by Mashaba - to explicate these caring aspects in order to provide a sound rationale and therapeutic nursing care. The design used in this study was purely descriptive, investigative, interpretive and analytic with the specific aim of elucidating Mashaba's ideas, ideals and thoughts. This approach helped in bringing to light the value of the themes while at the same time focusing attention on their transcultural nature. Leininger's Cultural Theoretical Model was applied - as a conceptual Model - for the analysis of transcultural themes. This research study gives us a picture of a gifted and hardworking woman. She was ambitious and had set definite goals for herself. Her sense of cultural observation and imaginativeness elevate her as- a spokesperson for the underprivileged, not only of her race, but of any nationality. In her efforts, she was a moderate who believed that engagement in a dialogue would bring better and more lasting solutions than war. This gives her work the universal relevance and appeal. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Objectives: To describe the co-occurrence of substance use and sexual activity behaviors among Afro-Caribbean adolescents living in South Florida, with attention to legal status, socio-demographic factors and risk-taking attitudes and behaviors. Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 106 Afro-Caribbean adolescents from community centers in South Florida. A descriptive exploratory study was conducted. Data was analyzed using an independent t test, frequencies and crosstabs. Results: The study consists of 106 adolescents, 75% (n = 79) documented and 25% (n = 27) undocumented. Forty-one documented and 10 undocumented adolescents were sexually active. Of those, 14.6% of the documented and 40% of the undocumented adolescents had been drinking alcohol while engaging in sexual activity; 7.3% of documented and 30% of undocumented adolescents used drugs while engaging in sexual activity. Undocumented adolescents had less adult presence before and after school; Creole was spoken at home more than English, and none of the parents had gone to or graduated from college. There was no significant difference in risk-taking and social adaptation scores as measured by the Adolescent Risk-Taking Instrument (ARTI) for the documented and undocumented Afro-Caribbean adolescents. The ARTI had acceptable internal consistency reliability for the risk-taking (.87) and social adaption (.82) scale in this population. The mean score of risk behavior was 2.04 (SD = .44) for documented Afro-Caribbean adolescents and 1.89 (SD = .47) for undocumented adolescents. For social adaptation, mean scores were 3.23 (SD = .45) for documented and 3.20 (SD = .35) for undocumented adolescents. The co-occurrence of substance use and sexual activity is nearly triple for alcohol use and more than triple for drug use when comparing undocumented to documented adolescents. / However, scores on the ARTI did not differ.Socio-demographic factors related to risky behaviors suggest that the undocumented adolescents were more at risk. Health risk of undocumented adolescents demands more research attention if nurses wish to address the unique needs of this population. / by Kim Jolly. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2009. / Includes bibliography. / Electronic reproduction. Boca Raton, Fla., 2009. Mode of access: World Wide Web.

Background: An estimated 125 million women live with Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) worldwide. Despite it being internationally recognized as a human rights violation. FGM is still practiced in approximately 29 countries, most of them in Africa and the Middle East. FGM has no health benefits, whereas there are short and long terms negative consequences that can cause physical and psychological problems. Aim: To describe the experiences of women who live with FGM and their subsequent interactions with healthcare providers in countries where FGM is not a tradition. Method: A literature study based on ten studies with a qualitative research design. Results: Five main themes were found; Knowledge of FGM, Language Barriers, The Gender of Healthcare Provider, Interactions with Healthcare Provider and On Display. Conclusion: Patients had difficulties due to the language barriers. There was a preference for female healthcare providers. Patients were affected by interactions with healthcare providers as well as lack of knowledge. Patients also had their genitals put on display for others. Clinical significance: With increasing migration, it is important that healthcare providers do not judge, but instead treat and care for these women with respect and empathy. / Bakgrund: Runt 125 miljoner kvinnor i världen idag är könsstympade, även fast det är internationellt erkänt som ett brott mot de mänskliga rättigheterna. Trots detta praktiseras könstympning fortfarande i cirka 29 länder, mestadels i Afrika och i Mellanöstern. Det finns inga hälsovinster för kvinnor som är könsstympade, däremot medför det kort- och långsiktiga negativa konsekvenser som kan leda till fysiska och psykiska problem. Syfte: Att beskriva könsstympade kvinnors erfarenheter av vårdpersonal i länder där det inte finns någon tradition av könsstympning. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på tio studier med kvalitativ ansats. Resultat: Fem huvudteman framkom och beskrevs; Kunskap om könstympning, Språksvårigheter, genus av personal, samspelet med vårdgivare och att den könsstympade kvinnan kände sig uttittad av vårdpersonalen. Slutsats: Patienterna hade svårt att kommunicera med sjukvårdspersonalen. Patienterna föredrog kvinnlig sjukvårdspersonal. Interaktionen med sjukvårdspersonalen påverkade patientens relation till vården. Patienterna kände sig uttittade av sjukvårdpersonalen. Patienterna upplevde att vårdpersonalen hade kunskapsbrister om FGM. Klinisk betydelse: Med ökad migration är det nödvändigt att vårdpersonalen ger en respektfull vård och visar empati för de könstympade kvinnorna.

This study addressed three research objectives related to non-Muslim nurses’ experiences providing health care to Muslim patients in Saudi Arabian hospitals. These objectives included: first, understanding what it is like to care for Muslim patients considering both religion and culture; secondly, exploring what it is like being cared for by non-Muslim nurses. In order to address these objectives, the study has employed a qualitative approach, represented in hermeneutic phenomenology. The target groups in this study were Muslim patients and non-Muslim nurses who were interviewed using interviews and focus group discussions. The study found that religious, cultural and linguistic factors have a negative effect on non-Muslim nurses’ experience of care in Saudi Arabia, which included a personal impact, and a practical impact resulting from working practices. However, the results indicated that nurses had some problems with family members who interfered in decisions related to patients, and that they also encountered disrespect from patients’ relatives and friends. The study results indicated that non-Muslim nurses, to some extent, have an understanding of the different aspects and practices of Islam, such as praying, fasting and spirituality. The study results also revealed a significant relationship between spirituality (Islamic faith) and the provision of health care. Nurses believe that religious and spiritual practices have an effect on care. However, they failed to understand the importance of religion and spirituality to Muslims in general and patients in particular. The lack of training and orientation concerning specific issues of religion and culture negatively affected not only the communication between nurses and patients, but also the provision of health care. It was envisaged that this study would have a positive impact on the delivery of nursing training and education, because it highlights the need to tailor this to specific contexts. The study distinguishes itself from other studies conducted in the same field by investigating non-Muslim nurses’ and Muslim patients’ confusion between religion and culture. The study stressed an overlap between religion and culture in Saudi society, which consequently affected nurses’ provision of health care. It was essential in this study to investigate the differences between religion and culture, to see of non-Muslim nurses would understand religion and culture are not the same; while in some cases they complement one another, in other cases they contradict. Furthermore, the study addressed the issue of professionalism when caring for Muslim patients’ and non-Muslim nurses’ point of view. Although nurses claimed to provide healthcare in professional way, they were not fully aware of Saudi local culture or the impact of religion on patient’s daily life It can be concluded, in general, that non-Muslim nurses are facing challenges to providing healthcare to Saudi Muslim patients, due to a lack of understanding of the importance of cultural values and religious practices, and the lack of training and alignment on such issues.

Bakgrund: Palliativ vård syftar till att ge stöd och lindring till döende patienter för att främja livskvalitet oavsett vilken etnisk bakgrund man har. Vårt samhälle är mångkulturellt och idag möter sjuksköterskor allt fler invandrarpatienter som kan ha olika uppfattning om hälsa, sjukdom, döendet och döden. Detta innebär att det kommer att ställas andra eller nya krav på vårdpersonalen. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med annan etisk bakgrund än de själva vid palliativ vård. Metod: En litteraturöversikt över elva vetenskapliga kvalitativa artiklar genomfördes. Artiklarna har eftersökts i databaserna CINAHL Complete, pubMed och SveMed+. Dessa kombinerades i olika konstellationer för att få fram sökträff som svarade på syftet. Sökord som användes var: transcultural nursing”, ”multicultural”, ”palliative”, immigrants”, ”nurse”, ”experience”, “attitude”. Resultat: Resultat visar att många sjuksköterskor upplevde att det var svårt att bemöta invandrarpatienter. Kommunikationssvårigheter var ett vanligt problem vid kulturmöten. Att vara kulturellt medveten, och ha förståelse för kulturer och sedvänjor, samt visa hänsyn till individualitet var enligt sjuksköterskorna viktiga faktorer som kunde förbättra palliativ vård till invandrarpatienter. Diskussion: Resultatet diskuteras med stöd av Madeleins Leiningers omvårdnadsteori som utgångspunkt, där främst diskuterades. Vidare diskuterades vilken kulturell kompetens som behövs för att sjuksköterskan ska kunna ge en god transkulturell omvårdnad. / Background: The aim of palliative care is to provide support and relief to dying patients in order to indorse the quality of life regardless of their ethnical background. Our society is multicultural. It is more common today that nurses meet patients with different ethical cultural backgrounds who may hold different opinions about health, illness, dying and death. This means that it will impose to or new requirements for caregivers. Aim: To describe nurses' experiences of caring for patients with different ethical background than themselves in palliative care. Method: The method that was used is a qualitative literature review. Eleven scientific qualitative articles are included in this study. Articles have been sought in the databases CINAHL Complete, PubMed and SveMed +.Selected. These were combined in different configurations to retrieve a search result that responded to the purpose. Keywords used were :”transcultural nursing”, ”multicultural”, ”palliative”, immigrants”, ”nurse”, ”experience”, “attitude”. Results: The result shows that many nurses felt difficulties to approach immigrant patients. Communication difficulties were the common problem in cultural encounters. To being culturally aware, to understand the cultures and customs, and to take the individuality was as nurses important factors that could improve the palliative care of migrant patients. Discussions: The results are discussed with the support of Madeleine Leininger nursing theory as a basis, which mainly discussed. Further discussed about which cultural competence is needed for the nurse to be able to provide good transcultural nursing.