<p>This essay will investigate the cause of <em>shifts – changes made when translating – in the Swedish version of Enid Blyton‟s <em>Five on a Treasure Island. It should be seen as a direct sequel to <em>The Little Girl is Missing – a bachelor degree project written at Stockholm University. In said degree project the methods used when making the shifts was described, but now the reasons <em>why the shifts were made and <em>how they have affected the plot will be presented. To do so a number of theories concerning both gender studies and translation studies will be used. </em></em></em></em></em></p><p>The working hypothesis is that the shifts were made to rid the translated text of the original text‟s sexist content – to create "equality between women and men" (Lpo 94: 3) and making the translation fit the target culture i.e. today‟s Sweden. This claimed sexist content will be determined mainly with the help of the Swedish compulsory school system‟s curriculum, Lpo94, and Berit Ås‟s master suppression techniques. The intention is to bring the translation phenomenon of ideologically influenced translations into the limelight and start a debate. Besides that, this essay will also provide a didactic model for teachers wanting to work with translation dilemmas in class.</p>

Thesis (M.A.)--Kutztown University, 1984. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2853. Typescript. A review of two translations from Russian into English by Carl Proffer and Mirra Ginsburg, respectively, of "Rokovye i︠a︡ĭt︠s︡a" by Mikhail Bulgakov. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 125-127).

<p>Recognising and estimating gestures is a fundamental aspect towards translating from a sign language to a spoken language. It is a challenging problem and at the same time, a growing phenomenon in Computer Vision. This thesis presents two approaches, an example-based and a learning-based approach, for performing integrated detection, segmentation and 3D estimation of the human upper body from a single camera view. It investigates whether an upper body pose can be estimated from a database of exemplars with labelled poses. It also investigates whether an upper body pose can be estimated using skin feature extraction, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and a 3D human body model. The example-based and learning-based approaches obtained success rates of 64% and 88%, respectively. An analysis of the two approaches have shown that, although the learning-based system generally performs better than the example-based system, both approaches are suitable to recognise and estimate upper body poses in a South African sign language recognition and translation system.</p>

This essay will investigate the cause of shifts – changes made when translating – in the Swedish version of Enid Blyton‟s Five on a Treasure Island. It should be seen as a direct sequel to The Little Girl is Missing – a bachelor degree project written at Stockholm University. In said degree project the methods used when making the shifts was described, but now the reasons why the shifts were made and how they have affected the plot will be presented. To do so a number of theories concerning both gender studies and translation studies will be used. The working hypothesis is that the shifts were made to rid the translated text of the original text‟s sexist content – to create "equality between women and men" (Lpo 94: 3) and making the translation fit the target culture i.e. today‟s Sweden. This claimed sexist content will be determined mainly with the help of the Swedish compulsory school system‟s curriculum, Lpo94, and Berit Ås‟s master suppression techniques. The intention is to bring the translation phenomenon of ideologically influenced translations into the limelight and start a debate. Besides that, this essay will also provide a didactic model for teachers wanting to work with translation dilemmas in class.

From 1686 to 1690, General Alonso de León led five military expeditions from Northern New Spain into modern-day Texas in search of French intruders who had breached Spanish sovereignty and settled on lands claimed by the Spanish Crown. His first two exploratory journeys were unsuccessful, but on the third expedition, he discovered a Frenchman living among Coahuiltec Indians across the Río Grande. In 1689, the fourth expedition finally led to the discovery of La Salle’s ill-fated colony and fort on the Texas Coast and to the repatriation of two of the French survivors. On his fifth and final expedition, De León established the first Spanish mission among the Hasinai Indians of East Texas and rescued several French children who had been abducted by the Karankawa. Through archival research, I have identified sixteen manuscript copies of De León’s meticulously kept expedition diaries. These documents form a distinct corpus and hold major importance for early Texas scholarship. Several of these manuscripts, but not all, have been known to historians and have been addressed in the literature. However, never before have all sixteen manuscripts been studied as an interconnected body of work and submitted to philological treatment. In this interdisciplinary study, I transcribe, translate, and analyze the diaries from two different perspectives: linguistic and historical. The linguistic analysis examines the most salient phonological, morphosyntactic, and lexical phenomena attested in the documents. This synchronic study provides a snapshot of the Spanish language as it was used in Northern Mexico and Texas at the end of the 17th century. An in-depth examination discovers both conservative traits and linguistic innovations and contributes to the history of American Spanish. The historical analysis reveals that frequent misreadings, misinterpretations, and mistranslations of the Spanish source documents have led to substantial factual errors which have misinformed historical interpretation for more than a century. Thus, I have produced new, faithful, annotated English translations based on the manuscript archetypes to address historical misconceptions and present a more accurate interpretation of the historical events as they actually occurred.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English